摘要:
**基本信息**
该专项以be动词用法为核心,通过口诀、表格及规则系统整合人称代词、大写字母规范,构建“基础形式-句式应用-中考考点”三层逻辑链,助力新授课语法入门,提升语言理解与表达能力。
**专项设计**
|模块|题量/典例|方法提炼|知识逻辑|
|----|-----------|----------|----------|
|语法知识详解|3大语法点|be动词口诀(我am你are等)、句式结构表(肯定/否定/疑问)、人称代词用法规则(主格作主语等)、大写字母7项规范|从be动词形式(am/is/are)到句式应用(否定/疑问转换),关联人称代词搭配,延伸至书写规范,形成概念生成-原理推导-应用拓展链条|
|配套练习|15题(单选10+改写5)|考点对应训练(主谓一致、everyone作主语用is等)、句式转换技巧(否定加not等)|覆盖基础应用(be动词搭配)到中考易错点(指示代词this/that后接is),实现知识迁移与考点突破|
内容正文:
人教版(2024)七年级上册英语 · 语法知识精讲与配套练习 · Starter Unit 1 Hello!
Starter Unit 1
Hello!
本单元语法焦点:be动词的一般现在时用法 + 人称代词 + 大写字母规则
语法知识详解
一、be动词的一般现在时
be动词是英语中最基础的动词,在一般现在时中有三种形式:am, is, are。
主语类型
be动词
例句
I(第一人称单数)
am
I am a student.
He / She / It(第三人称单数)
is
She is my friend.
单数可数名词
is
The pen is black.
You(第二人称)
are
You are late.
We / They(复数)
are
They are boys.
复数名词
are
The books are on the desk.
口诀:我用am,你用are, is 用于他,她,它,单数is复数are.
句式结构
句式
结构
例句
肯定句
主语 + am/is/are + 其他
I am fine.
否定句
主语 + am/is/are + not + 其他
She is not late.
一般疑问句
Am/Is/Are + 主语 + 其他?
Are you Peter?
特殊疑问句
疑问词 + am/is/are + 主语?
Where is he from?
缩写规则:
• I am = I'm; He is = He's; She is = She's; It is = It's; You are = You're; They are = They're
• is not = isn't; are not = aren't
• 注意:am 和 not 连写时不可缩写(I am not ✗ I'm not)
• 肯定省略回答中一般不缩写(Yes, it is. ✗ Yes, it's.)
二、人称代词
人称
主格(作主语)
宾格(作宾语)
形容词性物主代词
第一人称单数
I
me
my
第二人称单数/复数
you
you
your
第三人称单数(男)
he
him
his
第三人称单数(女)
she
her
her
第三人称单数(物)
it
it
its
第一人称复数
we
us
our
第三人称复数
they
them
their
用法规则:
① 主格放在谓语动词前作主语:He likes music.
② 宾格放在动词或介词后作宾语:Let me help you.
③ 形容词性物主代词 + 名词:my book, your name, his father, her mother, its color, our school, their teacher
三、大写字母规则(中考书写规范)
① 句子第一个词的首字母大写:How are you?
② 人名中姓和名的首字母大写:Li Ping, Wu Yifan
③ 国家、城市等地名首字母大写:China, Beijing
④ 职务或称呼首字母大写:Mr. Smith, Miss Li
⑤ 语言或国人首字母大写:English, Chinese
⑥ 字母 I(我)在任何位置都大写
⑦ 缩略词每个字母都大写:BBC, CD, WTO, EMS, OK
四、中考高频考点
① 主谓一致:主语是第三人称单数,be动词用is;复数用are;I用am
② Everyone/Everybody作主语时,谓语动词用单数(× Everyone are → √ Everyone is)
③ 指示代词this/that后接is;these/those后接are
④ 形容词性物主代词后必须加名词(× This is my → √ This is my book)
配套练习题
单项选择(10题,每题1分,共10分)
1. — ______ you Peter? — Yes, I ______.
A. Are; am B. Is; am C. Are; is
2. She ______ my good friend. Her name ______ Emma.
A. is; are B. is; is C. are; is
3. — What ______ your name? — My name ______ Li Ming.
A. is; is B. are; is C. is; are
4. They ______ in Class 2, Grade 7. We ______ in Class 1.
A. is; am B. are; are C. are; is
5. Everyone ______ here today. Nobody ______ late.
A. is; is B. are; is C. is; are
6. — Is he Mr. Smith? — Yes, ______ is.
A. he B. she C. it
7. This is ______ eraser and that is ______ ruler.
A. my; your B. me; you C. I; you
8. — How ______ your mother? — She ______ fine, thanks.
A. is; is B. are; is C. is; are
9. Peter and Tom ______ good friends. They ______ in the same class.
A. is; is B. are; are C. are; is
10. — What color ______ the pens? — They ______ black.
A. is; are B. are; are C. are; is
改写句子(5题,每题2分,共10分)
1. She is a teacher.(改为否定句)
→ She ______ ______ a teacher.
2. They are in the classroom.(改为一般疑问句)
→ ______ ______ in the classroom?
3. I am late for school.(改为否定句)
→ I ______ ______ late for school.
4. He is my brother.(对划线部分提问)
→ ______ ______ he?
5. We are friends.(改为一般疑问句并作肯定回答)
→ ______ ______ friends? Yes, ______ ______.
参考答案
一、单项选择:1.A 2.B 3.A 4.B 5.A 6.A 7.A 8.A 9.B 10.B
二、改写句子:
1. is not (isn't)
2. Are they
3. am not
4. Who is
5. Are you; we are
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