专题02 Unit 2 The universal language-【语境串考点】一轮高频考点 单元备考学案 -2027届高三英语译林版选择性必修第一册

该高中英语高考复习学案以12个高考高频词汇为核心，通过语境串记语篇构建“词汇-语境-考点”三维知识网络，结合词根拆解、词性变化总表等模块引导学生自主梳理词形、词义及高考考点，形成结构化词汇体系，体现考点梳理的系统性和层次性。 亮点在于语境复现与自主检测设计，如语法填空整合真题改编题，语篇默写强化词汇运用，记忆链复述模板助力自我复盘，培养学生语言能力与学习能力。教师可通过学生自测结果精准把握学情，支持个性化复习指导，有效提升备考实效。

专题02【语境串考点】第二单元备考学案（译林版2019） 高考高频知识点：compose / deserve / overcome / transform / combine / possess / accompany / guarantee / brilliant / remarkable / reputation / stream （知识点来源：选修第一册 Unit 2 · The universal language + 高考高频知识点） 学校:____________________ 姓名：____________________ 班级：__________ 座号：__________ 目录 Part 1 语境串记语篇 1 【英文语篇】 1 【中文译文】 2 Part 2 知识点列表 2 Part 3 词根拆解 · 联想记忆 · 高考考点 3 Part 4 词性变化总表 8 Part 5 语境复现练习 — 语法填空 9 【练习题】 9 Part 6 知识点默写：根据汉语提示用所学单词的适当形式完成语篇 10 【练习题】 10 Part 7 关联阅读 11 Part 8 复现知识点 — 英译汉 12 Part 9 写作运用 — 词汇升级 13 Part 10 语境串联复盘 — 自我检测 14 Part 1 语境串记语篇 【英文语篇】 Music is a universal language that everyone can feel. Long ago a poor young man decided to compose his own songs. His first pieces were not brilliant, yet an old teacher heard something remarkable in them. The teacher had a fine reputation in the city, and he said the boy's honest melodies deserved a wider audience. Year after year his music began to transform the way people felt. He learned to combine folk tunes with grand classical forms, and a full orchestra soon accompanied his solos. He overcame poverty, illness and doubt, and he came to possess a rare gift: the power to comfort strangers. Nothing can guarantee success, but honest feeling always finds its way, like a quiet stream that never stops running. 【中文译文】 音乐是一门人人都能感受的普世语言。很久以前，一位贫穷的年轻人决定（compose）创作自己的歌曲。他最初的作品并不（brilliant）出色，但一位老教师却从中听出了某种（remarkable）非凡的东西。这位老师在城中享有很好的（reputation）名声，他说男孩质朴的旋律（deserve）值得被更多人听见。 年复一年，他的音乐开始（transform）改变人们的感受。他学会把民谣曲调与宏大的古典曲式（combine）结合起来，整支乐队很快就为他的独奏（accompany）伴奏。他（overcome）克服了贫穷、疾病与怀疑，最终（possess）拥有一种罕见的天赋——抚慰陌生人的力量。没有什么能（guarantee）保证成功，但真挚的情感总会找到出路，就像一条永不停歇的安静（stream）小溪。 💡 语境串联记忆线索：决意创作→初作不佳→听出非凡→名师有名→质朴值得→音乐改变→民谣结合→乐队伴奏→克服困苦→拥有天赋→无人保证→溪流不息 记忆链：compose → brilliant → remarkable → reputation → deserve → transform → combine → accompany → overcome → possess → guarantee → stream Part 2 知识点列表 序号 知识点 音标 词性 + 释义 + 高考考点 1 compose /kəmˈpəʊz/ vt. 创作（乐曲/诗歌）；构成；使镇定 ⚡考点：compose music/a poem；be composed of 由…组成；compose oneself 使自己镇定；composer n. 作曲家；composition n. 作品；作文 2 deserve /dɪˈzɜːv/ vt. 值得；应得 ⚡考点：deserve to do sth.；deserve doing = deserve to be done；well deserve sth.；deserved adj. 应得的；deservedly adv. 理所当然地 3 overcome /ˌəʊvəˈkʌm/ vt. 克服；战胜；（情感）压倒 ⚡考点：overcome difficulties/fear；be overcome by/with emotion 情不自禁；三态 overcome-overcame-overcome（易错） 4 transform /trænsˈfɔːm/ vt. 使改观；使转变 ⚡考点：transform A into B；be transformed from…into…；transformation n. 转变；transformer n. 变压器 5 combine /kəmˈbaɪn/ vt./vi. （使）结合；兼有 ⚡考点：combine A with/and B；combine to do sth.；combination n. 结合（in combination with）；combined adj. 联合的 6 possess /pəˈzes/ vt. 拥有；具有（品质）；支配 ⚡考点：possess sth.（无进行时）；be possessed of 具有；possession n. 拥有（in possession of / in the possession of 易错） 7 accompany /əˈkʌmpəni/ vt. 陪伴；伴随；为…伴奏 ⚡考点：accompany sb. to a place；be accompanied by；accompany sb. on the piano 用钢琴为某人伴奏；accompaniment n. 伴奏 8 guarantee /ˌɡærənˈtiː/ vt. 保证；担保 n. 保证；保修单 ⚡考点：guarantee to do/that 从句；guarantee sb. sth.；under guarantee 在保修期内；there is no guarantee that… 9 brilliant /ˈbrɪliənt/ adj. 才华横溢的；极好的；明亮的 ⚡考点：a brilliant idea/performance；brilliant sunshine 灿烂的阳光；brilliance n. 才华；光辉；brilliantly adv. 出色地 10 remarkable /rɪˈmɑːkəbl/ adj. 非凡的；显著的；值得注意的 ⚡考点：a remarkable achievement；It is remarkable that…；be remarkable for；remarkably adv. 非常；remark v./n. 评论 11 reputation /ˌrepjuˈteɪʃn/ n. 名声；名誉 ⚡考点：have/build a reputation for；live up to one's reputation；damage one's reputation；reputable adj. 声誉好的 12 stream /striːm/ n. 小溪；一连串 vi. 流动；涌出 ⚡考点：a stream of（一连串的）；tears streamed down；stream music 在线播放音乐；upstream/downstream 上/下游 Part 3 词根拆解 · 联想记忆 · 高考考点 1. compose /kəmˈpəʊz/ vt. 创作（乐曲、诗歌）；构成；使镇定 【核心考点】 compose是艺术创作类核心动词，音乐与文学话题必备。compose music/a symphony/a poem（创作乐曲/交响乐/诗歌），强调有艺术构思的原创；be composed of（由…组成，被动式，等于consist of，但consist of不可用被动，这是高考经典易错点）；compose oneself（使自己镇定下来）。名词composer n.（作曲家）、composition n.（作品；作文；构图；成分）；形容词composed adj.（镇定的）→ remain composed。辨析：compose（创作艺术作品；构成整体）vs write（泛指写作）vs create（创造出前所未有之物）vs make up（由…构成，主动语态，主语是各部分）。 【词根联想】 com-（共同，一起）+ pos/pon（拉丁语ponere"放置"）+ -e → 把音符和词句一起放好→ 创作；构成。联想：pos"放"→ position（位置）、propose（提议→向前放）、expose（暴露→放到外面）、oppose（反对→放在对面）、deposit（存放）、compose（放到一起→创作）。 【熟词生义】 熟词生义：compose vt. 构成；组成；使镇定。熟义"创作"之外，be composed of表示"由…组成"，如The team is composed of six players（队伍由六名队员组成）；compose oneself表示"使自己镇静"，如She composed herself before going on stage（她上台前让自己平静下来）。这两个用法在阅读与语法填空中出现频率很高。 【经典原句】 （经典原句）"He composed his first piece of music at the age of eight."（他八岁时创作了第一首乐曲。）（经典原句·compose 创作） 【搭配词块】 compose music 创作乐曲 / be composed of 由…组成 / compose oneself 使镇定 / composer n. 作曲家 2. deserve /dɪˈzɜːv/ vt. 值得；应得；应受（惩罚） 【核心考点】 deserve是评价类高频动词，读写双高频。deserve sth.（应得某物）；deserve to do sth.（值得做某事）；deserve doing sth. = deserve to be done（值得被…，主动形式表被动，与need doing、want doing、require doing同类，是高考语法经典考点）；well deserve（完全应得）。派生词deserved adj.（应得的）→ a well-deserved prize；deservedly adv.（理所当然地）；deserving adj.（值得帮助的；有价值的）。辨析：deserve（因自身行为或品质而应得，可褒可贬）vs be worth（值得，后接名词或doing）vs merit（正式，值得给予某种对待）。 【词根联想】 de-（完全地，彻底地）+ serve（服务）→ 完全尽到了服务之责→ 理应得到回报→ 值得。联想：serv"服务；保持"→ service（服务）、servant（仆人）、preserve（保存→事先保持）、reserve（预订→保留）、conserve（保护）、deserve（尽力服务→应得）。 【真题原句】 （2021·全国甲卷·完形填空·deserve表"应得"）"It's the seaside birds that deserve at least part of the blame for getting Nick Burchill blacklisted at the Fairmont Empress Hotel in Victoria, Canada."（加拿大维多利亚费尔蒙特皇后酒店把Nick Burchill列入黑名单，至少要部分归咎于那些海鸟。）（真题原句·deserve 应得） 【搭配词块】 deserve to do 值得做 / deserve doing 值得被… / well deserve 完全应得 / deserved adj. 应得的 3. overcome /ˌəʊvəˈkʌm/ vt. 克服；战胜；（情感等）压倒 【核心考点】 overcome是励志类语篇的核心动词，读后续写与写作高频。overcome difficulties/obstacles/fear/shyness（克服困难/障碍/恐惧/羞怯）；overcome an opponent（战胜对手）。特别注意其不规则变化：overcome-overcame-overcome，过去分词与原形同形，是语法填空的高频陷阱。被动用法be overcome by/with（被…压倒；不能自持），如be overcome with joy/grief/emotion（喜不自胜/悲痛欲绝/情不自禁）。辨析：overcome（凭意志战胜困难或情绪）vs conquer（征服土地、民族或自然）vs defeat（在比赛或战争中击败对手）vs get over（口语化，从疾病或打击中恢复）。 【词根联想】 over-（在…之上，越过）+ come（来）→ 从上方压过来、翻越过去→ 战胜；克服。联想：over-"越过；过度"→ overlook（俯瞰；忽略）、overtake（超过）、overwhelm（压倒）、overlook（忽视）、overcome（越过困难→克服）。 【熟词生义】 熟词生义：overcome vt. （情感、烟雾等）使不知所措；使窒息。熟义"克服"之外，overcome常以被动形式出现，表示人被强烈情绪或有害气体压倒，如She was overcome with emotion and could not speak（她激动得说不出话）、be overcome by smoke（被烟熏得窒息）。 【经典原句】 （经典原句）"He overcame his fear of the stage and played the piece perfectly."（他克服了怯场心理，把曲子演奏得完美无缺。）（经典原句·overcome 克服） 【搭配词块】 overcome difficulties 克服困难 / overcome fear 战胜恐惧 / be overcome with 被…压倒 / overcame（过去式） 4. transform /trænsˈfɔːm/ vt. 使改观；使彻底改变；使转化 【核心考点】 transform是变化类核心动词，科技、文化与成长类语篇高频。transform A into B（把A变成B，into不可换成to）；be transformed from…into…（从…转变为…）；transform the way sb. does sth.（改变某人做某事的方式，写作亮点句式）。名词transformation n.（转变；改造）→ undergo a transformation（经历一场蜕变）；transformer n.（变压器）。辨析：transform（形态、性质或外观的彻底改变，程度最深）vs change（最通用）vs convert（转换用途、形式或信仰，如convert into a hotel）vs alter（局部改动，如alter a dress）。 【词根联想】 trans-（越过；转移，across）+ form（形状）→ 使形状发生转移→ 彻底改变。联想：trans-"横过；转变"→ transport（运输→带过去）、translate（翻译→转换语言）、transfer（转移）、transmit（传送）、transparent（透明的→看得穿）、transform（改变形态）。 【经典原句】 （经典原句）"A few weeks of practice transformed the shy boy into a confident performer."（几周的练习让这个害羞的男孩变成了自信的表演者。）（经典原句·transform 使转变） 【搭配词块】 transform A into B 把A变成B / transformation n. 转变 / be transformed 被改变 / transform the way 改变…方式 5. combine /kəmˈbaɪn/ vt./vi. （使）结合；兼有；混合 【核心考点】 combine是关系类核心动词，说明文与议论文高频。combine A with B（把A与B结合，with最常用）；combine A and B（把A和B合在一起）；combine to do sth.（联合起来做某事）；combine business with pleasure（把工作与娱乐结合起来）。名词combination n.（结合；组合；密码）→ in combination with（与…结合）、a combination of（…的组合，后接名词作主语时谓语常用单数）；combined adj.（联合的）→ combined efforts。辨析：combine（两者结合后仍可辨认，形成新整体）vs mix（混合，成分可分可不分）vs blend（调和得均匀自然）vs unite（为共同目标而联合，多指人或国家）。 【词根联想】 com-（共同，一起）+ bini（拉丁语"两个两个地"）→ 两两放到一起→ 结合。联想：bi-"二"→ bicycle（自行车→两个轮子）、binary（二进制的）、bilingual（双语的）、combine（把两者合起来→结合）。 【真题原句】 （2023·新高考Ⅰ卷·阅读B·combination表"组合"）"With the right combination of animals and plants, he figured, maybe he could clean up waste the way nature did."（他心想，只要动植物搭配得当，或许他就能像大自然那样清理废物。）（真题原句·combine 名词 组合） 【搭配词块】 combine A with B 把A与B结合 / combination n. 结合 / a combination of …的组合 / combined adj. 联合的 6. possess /pəˈzes/ vt. 拥有；具有（品质、能力）；支配 【核心考点】 possess是所属关系类正式动词，说明文与人物描写高频。possess sth.（拥有某物，正式书面语，通常不用于进行时）；possess a quality/an ability/a talent（具有某种品质/能力/天赋）；be possessed of（具有某种品质，正式）。名词possession n.（拥有；所有物，复数possessions表"财产"）→ 高考经典易混：in possession of（主语拥有某物）vs in the possession of（某物为某人所有），主客颠倒是常见错误；take possession of（占有）。辨析：possess（正式，强调法律或事实上的拥有，也指具备抽象品质）vs own（拥有所有权，最常用）vs have（最通用，口语化）vs belong to（属于，主语是物）。 【词根联想】 pos-（potis"有能力的；主人的"）+ sess（sedere"坐"）→ 以主人身份坐镇其上→ 占有；拥有。联想：sess/sed/sid"坐"→ session（会议→坐下开会）、preside（主持→坐在前面）、resident（居民→常坐之人）、settle（安顿）、possess（坐拥→拥有）。 【熟词生义】 熟词生义：possess vt. （思想、情绪）支配；控制；使着魔。熟义"拥有"之外，possess可表示某种念头或情绪控制了人，如What possessed you to say such a thing?（你到底中了什么邪才说出这种话？）、be possessed by fear（被恐惧攫住）。此义多见于文学性阅读。 【真题原句】 （2022·全国甲卷·阅读·possess表"具有"）"This indicates that Goffin's cockatoos do indeed possess an allocentric frame of reference when moving objects in space, similar to two-year-old babies."（这表明戈芬凤头鹦鹉在空间移动物体时确实具备一种异中心参照系，与两岁婴儿相似。）（真题原句·possess 具有） 【搭配词块】 possess a talent 拥有天赋 / possession n. 拥有 / in possession of 拥有 / be possessed of 具有 7. accompany /əˈkʌmpəni/ vt. 陪伴；伴随；为…伴奏 【核心考点】 accompany是陪伴与伴随类核心动词，语法填空高频考查被动式。accompany sb. to a place（陪某人去某地，不加with）；be accompanied by（由…陪同；伴有…，高频被动结构）；Children must be accompanied by an adult（儿童须由成人陪同）；accompany sb. on the piano（用钢琴为某人伴奏）。名词accompaniment n.（伴奏；伴随物）→ to the accompaniment of（在…伴奏下）；accompanist n.（伴奏者）。辨析：accompany（正式，陪同或伴随发生）vs go with（口语，与…同行）vs follow（跟随在后）vs attend（出席；照料）。注意accompany本身及物，切勿写成accompany with sb.。 【词根联想】 ac-（ad-"朝向"的同化形式）+ company（同伴；陪伴，com-"共同"+ pan"面包"→ 同吃一块面包的人）→ 与人做伴→ 陪伴。联想：pan"面包"→ company（公司；陪伴）、companion（同伴）、accompany（陪伴）、pantry（食品储藏室）。 【熟词生义】 熟词生义：accompany vt. 为…伴奏。熟义"陪伴"之外，在音乐语境中accompany专指乐器伴奏，如She sang and her brother accompanied her on the guitar（她唱歌，哥哥用吉他为她伴奏）。这是选修一Unit 2音乐主题下最需要掌握的义项。 【经典原句】 （经典原句）"A young pianist accompanied her while she sang the folk song."（她唱那首民歌时，一位年轻钢琴家为她伴奏。）（经典原句·accompany 伴奏） 【搭配词块】 be accompanied by 由…陪同 / accompany sb. 陪伴某人 / accompany sb. on the piano 钢琴伴奏 / accompaniment n. 伴奏 8. guarantee /ˌɡærənˈtiː/ vt. 保证；担保 n. 保证；保修单 【核心考点】 guarantee兼具动词与名词两种词性，议论文写作高频。作动词guarantee to do sth./that从句（保证做某事/保证…）；guarantee sb. sth. = guarantee sth. to sb.（向某人保证某物）；be guaranteed to do（必定会…）。作名词there is no guarantee that…（无法保证…，写作高级句式）；under guarantee（在保修期内）；a money-back guarantee（退款保证）。辨析：guarantee（对结果或质量作出有约束力的保证）vs promise（个人承诺，未必有约束力）vs ensure（确保某事发生，后接that从句或名词）vs assure（使某人确信，assure sb. of sth.）。 【词根联想】 源自古法语garantie（担保），与warrant（授权；保证）同源，g-与w-互换是法语与日耳曼语借词的常见对应。联想：ward/guard"守护"→ guard（守卫）、guardian（监护人）、warranty（保修）、guarantee（担保→为结果守护）。 【熟词生义】 熟词生义：guarantee n. 保修单；质保书。熟义动词"保证"之外，guarantee作可数名词指商品附带的书面保证文件，如The washing machine comes with a two-year guarantee（这台洗衣机附带两年保修）、still under guarantee（仍在保修期内）。此义在广告与应用文阅读中常见。 【真题原句】 （2024·全国甲卷·阅读·guaranteed表"必定的"）"From then on, if I wanted to read an ending guaranteed to be happy, I'd pick up a love romance."（从那以后，如果我想读一个必定圆满的结局，我就会拿起一本言情小说。）（真题原句·guarantee 过去分词 必定的） 【搭配词块】 guarantee to do 保证做 / there is no guarantee that 无法保证 / under guarantee 在保修期内 / guaranteed adj. 有保证的 9. brilliant /ˈbrɪliənt/ adj. 才华横溢的；极好的；明亮的 【核心考点】 brilliant是评价类高频形容词，人物描写与读后续写常用。a brilliant idea/performance/scientist（绝妙的主意/精彩的演出/杰出的科学家）；be brilliant at（擅长…）；brilliant sunshine/colours（灿烂的阳光/鲜艳的色彩）。名词brilliance n.（才华；光辉）；副词brilliantly adv.（出色地；明亮地）→ play brilliantly。辨析：brilliant（才智出众或表现精彩，语气强烈，英式口语中也表"太棒了"）vs clever（机灵的，可含贬义"耍小聪明"）vs intelligent（理解与思维能力强）vs talented/gifted（有天赋的，侧重先天才能）。 【词根联想】 源自意大利语brillare"闪耀"（与beryl"绿宝石"同源）+ 形容词后缀-ant → 像宝石般闪光的→ 明亮的；才华出众的。联想：-ant"…的"→ important（重要的）、pleasant（愉快的）、distant（遥远的）、brilliant（闪耀的→杰出的）。 【熟词生义】 熟词生义：brilliant adj. 明亮的；鲜艳的；灿烂的。熟义"才华横溢的"之外，brilliant的本义是"光线强烈的"，如brilliant sunshine（灿烂的阳光）、a brilliant blue sky（湛蓝明亮的天空）、brilliant colours（鲜艳的色彩）。此义在景物描写类语篇中常出现。 【真题原句】 （2023·新高考Ⅰ卷·读后续写·brilliant表"绝妙的"）"Not a brilliant idea, but funny; and unlikely to be anyone else's choice."（算不上绝妙的主意，但很有趣，而且大概不会有别人选它。）（真题原句·brilliant 绝妙的） 【搭配词块】 a brilliant idea 绝妙的主意 / be brilliant at 擅长 / brilliant sunshine 灿烂的阳光 / brilliance n. 才华 10. remarkable /rɪˈmɑːkəbl/ adj. 非凡的；显著的；值得注意的 【核心考点】 remarkable是评价类高频形容词，说明文与人物类阅读常用。a remarkable achievement/discovery/woman（非凡的成就/发现/女性）；be remarkable for（因…而引人注目）；It is remarkable that…（值得注意的是…）。副词remarkably adv.（非常；显著地）→ remarkably well（好得出奇）；动词remark v.（评论；注意到）→ remark on/upon；名词remark n.（言论）→ make a remark。辨析：remarkable（值得一提、超出寻常，语气正面）vs outstanding（在同类中最突出）vs extraordinary（异乎寻常，可褒可贬）vs noticeable（容易被察觉的，程度较轻）。 【词根联想】 re-（再次，加强语气）+ mark（标记）+ -able（能…的）→ 值得再做上记号的→ 值得注意的；非凡的。联想：mark"标记"→ remark（评论→再标记出来说）、remarkable（值得标记的→非凡的）、landmark（地标）、bookmark（书签）。 【经典原句】 （经典原句）"The young violinist has made remarkable progress in only one year."（这位年轻小提琴手仅用一年就取得了非凡的进步。）（经典原句·remarkable 非凡的） 【搭配词块】 a remarkable achievement 非凡成就 / be remarkable for 因…著称 / remarkably adv. 非常 / remark v. 评论 11. reputation /ˌrepjuˈteɪʃn/ n. 名声；名誉；声望 【核心考点】 reputation是人物与机构评价类高频名词，应用文与议论文常用。have/build/earn a reputation for（因…而享有声誉，for后接名词或doing）；have a reputation as（以…身份闻名）；live up to one's reputation（不负盛名）；damage/ruin one's reputation（损害名誉）；by reputation（据传闻）。形容词reputable adj.（声誉好的；可信赖的）；reputed adj.（据说的）→ be reputed to be。辨析：reputation（公众长期形成的评价，可好可坏）vs fame（名气，多指广为人知的正面知名度）vs honour（荣誉，含道德褒扬）vs prestige（威望，源于成就或地位）。 【词根联想】 re-（再次）+ put（拉丁语putare"思考；估量"）+ -ation（名词后缀）→ 人们反复思量后给出的评价→ 名声。联想：put"思考"→ compute（计算→共同估量）、dispute（争论→分开思量）、deputy（代理人）、reputation（反复评价→名声）。 【经典原句】 （经典原句）"The small music school has built a fine reputation among local parents."（这所小小的音乐学校在当地家长中建立了良好的声誉。）（经典原句·reputation 名声） 【搭配词块】 have a reputation for 因…享有声誉 / build a reputation 建立声誉 / live up to one's reputation 不负盛名 / reputable adj. 声誉好的 12. stream /striːm/ n. 小溪；一连串 vi. 流动；涌出 【核心考点】 stream兼具名词与动词，自然描写与科技类语篇双高频。作名词a mountain stream（山间小溪）；a stream of（一连串的，后接traffic/visitors/questions等，作主语时谓语随of后名词单复数而定）；upstream/downstream（上游/下游）。作动词tears streamed down her face（泪水顺着脸颊流下）；people streamed into the hall（人们涌入大厅）；在网络语境中stream music/a film表示"在线播放；流媒体传输"，streaming service（流媒体服务）是近年阅读高频表达。辨析：stream（小河；连绵不断地流动或涌出）vs river（河流，较大）vs flow（流动，最通用）vs pour（倾泻，量大而急）。 【词根联想】 源自古英语strēam"水流"，与德语Strom同源，本义即"流动的水"。联想：str-常表"延伸；流动"→ street（街道→延伸的路）、stretch（伸展）、straight（笔直的）、stream（延伸流动的水→小溪）。 【熟词生义】 熟词生义：stream n. 一连串；一股 vi. 涌出；在线播放。熟义"小溪"之外，stream可指连续不断的人流、车流或话语，如a steady stream of visitors（络绎不绝的访客）；作动词还表示网络流媒体播放，如stream the concert live（在线直播音乐会）。这两个义项在新高考阅读中极为常见。 【真题原句】 （2023·新高考Ⅰ卷·阅读B·stream表"小溪"）"A dirty stream, for example, often became clear after flowing through plants and along rocks where tiny creatures lived."（例如，一条肮脏的小溪流经植物和栖息着微小生物的岩石之后，常常会变得清澈。）（真题原句·stream 小溪） 【搭配词块】 a stream of 一连串的 / mountain stream 山间小溪 / stream down 流下 / streaming service 流媒体服务 Part 4 词性变化总表 原词 派生词1 派生词2 派生词3 核心搭配 compose composer (n.) composition (n.) composed (adj.) compose music / be composed of deserve deserved (adj.) deservedly (adv.) deserving (adj.) deserve to do / deserve doing overcome overcame (v. 过去式) overcoming (v.-ing) --- overcome difficulties / be overcome with transform transformation (n.) transformer (n.) transformed (adj.) transform A into B combine combination (n.) combined (adj.) combining (v.-ing) combine A with B / a combination of possess possession (n.) possessor (n.) possessive (adj.) possess a talent / in possession of accompany accompaniment (n.) accompanist (n.) accompanying (adj.) be accompanied by guarantee guaranteed (adj.) guarantor (n.) --- guarantee to do / under guarantee brilliant brilliance (n.) brilliantly (adv.) --- a brilliant idea / be brilliant at remarkable remarkably (adv.) remark (v./n.) --- a remarkable achievement / be remarkable for reputation reputable (adj.) reputed (adj.) reputedly (adv.) have a reputation for stream streaming (n./adj.) streamed (v.) upstream (adv.) a stream of / stream down Part 5 语境复现练习 — 语法填空 【练习题】 1.（2021全国甲卷·完形填空·改编）It is the seaside birds that __________ (deserving) at least part of the blame for the trouble at the hotel. 2.（2023新高考Ⅰ卷·阅读B·改编）With the right __________ (combine) of animals and plants, he figured, he could clean up waste the way nature did. 3.（2022全国甲卷·阅读·改编）The experiment indicates that these clever birds do indeed __________ (possession) an allocentric frame of reference. 4.（2024全国甲卷·阅读·改编）From then on, if I wanted an ending __________ (guarantee) to be happy, I would pick up a love romance. 5.（2023新高考Ⅰ卷·读后续写·改编）It was not a __________ (brilliance) idea, but it was funny and unlikely to be anyone else's choice. 6.（2023新高考Ⅰ卷·阅读B·改编）A dirty __________ (streaming) often became clear after flowing through plants and along rocks. 7.（2026山东济南•模拟）The gifted young pianist __________ (composer) his first symphony at the age of fifteen. 8.（2026广东广州•模拟）Music has completely __________ (transformation) the way these shy children look at themselves. 9.（2026浙江杭州•模拟）With his teacher's patient help, he finally __________ (overcoming) his fear of playing in public. 10.（2026江苏南京•模拟）A famous pianist __________ (accompaniment) her when she sang the folk song at the charity concert. 11.（2026四川成都•模拟）The girl has made __________ (remarkably) progress since she joined the free music school. 12.（2026河南郑州•模拟）The little school has slowly won a very good __________ (reputable) among parents in the neighbourhood. 13.（2026湖北武汉•模拟）This lovely song beautifully __________ (combination) old folk melodies with modern rhythms. 14.（2026福建福州•模拟）His latest __________ (compose) was played by the city orchestra last Sunday evening. 15.（2026湖南长沙•模拟）Millions of listeners __________ (streaming) the new album on the very first day of its release. 【答案】 1. deserve 2. combination 3. possess 4. guaranteed 5. brilliant 6. stream 7. composed 8. transformed 9. overcame 10. accompanied 11. remarkable 12. reputation 13. combines 14. composition 15. streamed 【逐题解析】 1. deserve — 提示词deserving（形容词）转动词；强调句中birds为复数，用原形。 2. combination — 提示词combine（动词）转名词；the right后接名词，the combination of。 3. possess — 提示词possession（名词）转动词；助动词do后必须接动词原形。 4. guaranteed — 提示词guarantee（动词）转过去分词作后置定语，修饰ending表被动。 5. brilliant — 提示词brilliance（名词）转形容词；a…idea中间需形容词作定语。 6. stream — 提示词streaming（动名词）转名词；a dirty后接可数名词单数作主语。 7. composed — 提示词composer（名词）转动词过去式；at the age of fifteen表过去。 8. transformed — 提示词transformation（名词）转过去分词；has completely后接分词。 9. overcame — 提示词overcoming（现在分词）转过去式；finally表已完成的过去动作。 10. accompanied — 提示词accompaniment（名词）转动词过去式；与sang时态保持一致。 11. remarkable — 提示词remarkably（副词）转形容词；修饰名词progress作定语。 12. reputation — 提示词reputable（形容词）转名词；a very good后需名词作宾语。 13. combines — 提示词combination（名词）转动词；主语song为第三人称单数。 14. composition — 提示词compose（动词）转名词；His latest后接名词作主语。 15. streamed — 提示词streaming（动名词）转动词过去式；on the first day表过去。 Part 6 知识点默写：根据汉语提示用所学单词的适当形式完成语篇 【练习题】 很久以前，一位贫穷的年轻人决定__________（创作）自己的歌曲。他最初的作品并不__________（出色的），但一位老教师却从中听出了某种__________（非凡的）东西。 这位老师在城中享有很好的__________（名声），他说男孩质朴的旋律__________（值得）被更多人听见。 年复一年，他的音乐渐渐__________（改变）了人们的感受。他学会把民谣曲调与古典曲式__________（结合）起来，整支乐队很快就为他的独奏__________（伴奏）；他__________（克服）了贫穷与疾病，最终__________（拥有）一种罕见的天赋。没有人能__________（保证）成功，但真挚的情感总会像一条安静的__________（小溪）一样流向远方。 【答案】 compose; brilliant; remarkable; reputation; deserved; transformed; combine; accompanied; overcame; possess; guarantee; stream Part 7 关联阅读 Every Saturday morning a small hall in an old factory district fills with the sound of children practising the violin. The free school was started ten years ago by Zhao Ming, a musician who once played in a famous orchestra. He gave up a comfortable career because he believed that music is a universal language and that every child deserves the chance to speak it. At first only nine pupils came, and the room had no heating at all. Parents waited outside in the cold, holding paper cups of hot water and listening through the thin wooden door. Zhao Ming does not simply teach notes. He asks his pupils to compose short pieces about their own lives — a rainy street, a grandmother's kitchen, a stream behind the village where they were born. Some of the results are surprisingly brilliant. One boy, who had hardly spoken to anyone for a year, wrote a slow melody that made the whole class fall silent. Music, Zhao says, can transform a shy child into a confident speaker. He tells them that a tune written from the heart is worth more than a perfect scale. The school has faced real difficulties. Money runs out, instruments break, and parents sometimes doubt that lessons will help their children pass examinations. Zhao has overcome these problems one by one. Local shops now lend him space, retired teachers accompany the beginners on the piano for free, and a university choir visits twice a year. Nothing can guarantee that these children will become professional musicians, but that was never the point. Each difficulty, he admits, once looked impossible before somebody offered a hand. What the pupils gain is harder to measure. They learn to combine patience with courage, and many of them come to possess a quiet confidence that shows in every subject they study. The school's reputation has spread far beyond the city, and last spring a remarkable thing happened: former pupils returned to teach the new beginners. Their families now understand what he meant on that first cold morning. Zhao smiled and said that this, not applause, was the finest music he had ever heard. 1. Why did Zhao Ming give up his career in a famous orchestra? A. Because he was no longer able to play the violin well enough for the stage. B. Because he believed every child deserves the chance to speak the language of music. C. Because the old factory district offered him a much higher salary than before. D. Because his family asked him to return home and take care of his old parents. 2. What does Zhao Ming ask his pupils to do in class? A. To copy famous pieces written by great European composers. B. To practise scales again and again until every note is perfect. C. To perform in public concerts at the end of every single term. D. To compose short pieces about things in their own daily lives. 3. How has Zhao Ming dealt with the difficulties of the school? A. By accepting help from local shops, retired teachers and a university choir. B. By asking every family to pay a small fee for the broken instruments. C. By promising parents that the lessons will improve examination results. D. By moving the whole school to a modern building in the city centre. 4. What does the author think the pupils gain most from the school? A. A guaranteed place in a professional orchestra after they graduate. B. A wide reputation that has spread far beyond their own home city. C. Patience, courage and a quiet confidence useful in every subject. D. A remarkable ability to compose music faster than their teachers. 【参考答案与高考标准解析】 答案：1.B 2.D 3.A 4.C 第1题（细节理解题·高考核心）：首段明确写道He gave up a comfortable career because he believed that music is a universal language and that every child deserves the chance to speak it，其中deserve这一目标词直接点明放弃乐团生涯的真正原因是他坚信每个孩子都值得拥有用音乐表达自己的机会，选项B与原句逐词对应。A项"无法胜任舞台演奏"文中毫无依据；C项"老厂区给他更高薪水"与free school（免费学校）及无暖气的窘境完全矛盾；D项"回家照顾父母"属彻底的无中生有。 第2题（细节理解题·高考高频）：第二段开门见山指出Zhao Ming does not simply teach notes，紧接着说He asks his pupils to compose short pieces about their own lives，并列举了雨天的街道、祖母的厨房、村后的小溪等取材，compose与stream两个目标词共同锁定答案D。A项"抄写欧洲名曲"与"写自己的生活"背道而驰；B项"反复练音阶"恰被末句a tune written from the heart is worth more than a perfect scale所否定；C项"每学期公开演出"文中从未提及。 第3题（细节理解题·高考核心）：第三段先列出经费短缺、乐器损坏、家长质疑三重困难，随后用Zhao has overcome these problems one by one领起解决办法：本地商铺出借场地、退休教师免费用钢琴为初学者accompany伴奏、大学合唱团每年两次来访，可见他靠的是汇聚各方援手，故选A。B项"向每个家庭收费"与免费办学的定位相悖；C项"承诺提高考试成绩"正是家长的疑虑而非赵老师的做法；D项"迁往市中心新楼"属捏造。 第4题（推理判断题·高考压轴）：末段以combine、possess、reputation、remarkable四个目标词收束，核心句They learn to combine patience with courage, and many of them come to possess a quiet confidence that shows in every subject they study明确指出学生最大的收获是耐心、勇气与从容的自信，选项C是对该句的准确概括。A项"保证进专业乐团"被第三段Nothing can guarantee…直接否定；B项"名声"是学校获得的而非学生所得；D项"作曲比老师还快"属夸张臆断。 📖 本语篇覆盖的目标词汇：compose, deserve, overcome, transform, combine, possess, accompany, guarantee, brilliant, remarkable, reputation, stream Part 8 复现知识点 — 英译汉 请根据英文写出对应汉语释义： 乐思英语 ·高考高频知识点 14 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 1. compose — __________ 2. deserve — __________ 3. overcome — __________ 4. transform — __________ 5. combine — __________ 6. possess — __________ 7. accompany — __________ 8. guarantee — __________ 9. brilliant — __________ 10. remarkable — __________ 11. reputation — __________ 12. stream — __________ 13. composer — __________ 14. composition — __________ 15. combination — __________ 16. possession — __________ 17. transformation — __________ 18. accompaniment — __________ 19. be composed of — __________ 20. be accompanied by — __________ 【参考答案】 1. 创作；构成；使镇定 2. 值得；应得 3. 克服；战胜；压倒 4. 使改观；使转变 5. （使）结合；兼有 6. 拥有；具有；支配 7. 陪伴；伴随；为…伴奏 8. 保证；担保；保修单 9. 才华横溢的；极好的；明亮的 10. 非凡的；显著的 11. 名声；名誉；声望 12. 小溪；一连串；流动 13. 作曲家（名词） 14. 作品；作文；成分（名词） 15. 结合；组合（名词） 16. 拥有；所有物（名词） 17. 转变；改造（名词） 18. 伴奏；伴随物（名词） 19. 由…组成（短语） 20. 由…陪同；伴有（短语） Part 9 写作运用 — 词汇升级 同义转换：用本专题词汇替换下面句中的普通词，提升写作表达： 1. The young musician wanted to write a beautiful piece of music for his mother. → The young musician wanted to __________ a beautiful piece of music for his mother. 2. Her honest and simple melodies really ought to have a much wider audience. → Her honest and simple melodies really __________ a much wider audience. 3. A single piece of music can completely change the way a shy child sees himself. → A single piece of music can __________ the way a shy child sees himself. 4. The composer likes to join folk tunes and modern rhythms in one beautiful piece. → The composer likes to __________ folk tunes and modern rhythms in one beautiful piece. 5. A famous pianist played the music together with her while she sang on the stage. → A famous pianist __________ her while she sang on the stage. 6. It took the quiet boy three long years to get over his deep fear of the stage. → It took the quiet boy three long years to __________ his deep fear of the stage. 7. Every one of these quiet children now owns a calm and steady confidence. → Every one of these quiet children now __________ a calm and steady confidence. 8. Nobody can promise for certain that hard work will always bring quick success. → Nobody can __________ that hard work will always bring quick success. 9. His very first song was not at all clever, but it was honest and rather funny. → His very first song was not at all __________, but it was honest and rather funny. 10. Something quite amazing happened in the little music hall last spring. → Something quite __________ happened in the little music hall last spring. 11. The small free school has won a very good name among the parents nearby. → The small free school has won a very good __________ among the parents nearby. 12. A clear little river ran quietly behind the village where the boy was born. → A clear little __________ ran quietly behind the village where the boy was born. 【答案】 1. compose 2. deserve 3. transform 4. combine 5. accompanied 6. overcome 7. possesses 8. guarantee 9. brilliant 10. remarkable 11. reputation 12. stream Part 10 语境串联复盘 — 自我检测 遮挡提示，尝试用12个目标词复述下面这条记忆链： 记忆链：compose → brilliant → remarkable → reputation → deserve → transform → combine → accompany → overcome → possess → guarantee → stream 复述模板（填空）： 很久以前，一位贫穷的年轻人决定__________（创作）自己的歌曲；他最初的作品并不__________（出色的），老教师却听出了某种__________（非凡的）东西。 这位在城中颇有__________（名声）的老师说，男孩质朴的旋律__________（值得）被更多人听见。 后来，音乐渐渐__________（改变）了人们的感受：他把民谣与古典曲式__________（结合），乐队为他__________（伴奏）；他__________（克服）困苦，最终__________（拥有）罕见的天赋。没有人能__________（保证）成功，但真情总像一条__________（小溪）一样流向远方。 你的复述： ____________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________ 【自我检测答案】 填空答案：compose; brilliant; remarkable; reputation; deserved; transformed; combine; accompanied; overcame; possess; guarantee; stream 复述模板参考版本： Long ago a poor young man decided to compose his own songs. His first pieces were not brilliant, yet an old teacher heard something remarkable in them. The teacher had a fine reputation in the city, and he said the boy's honest melodies deserved a wider audience. Year after year the music began to transform the way people felt. He learned to combine folk tunes with classical forms, and a full orchestra soon accompanied his solos. He overcame poverty and doubt, and came to possess a rare gift. Nothing can guarantee success, but honest feeling always finds its way, like a quiet stream that never stops running. $专题02【语境串考点】第二单元备考学案（译林版2019） 高考高频知识点：compose / deserve / overcome / transform / combine / possess / accompany / guarantee / brilliant / remarkable / reputation / stream （知识点来源：选修第一册 Unit 2 · The universal language + 高考高频知识点） 学校:____________________ 姓名：____________________ 班级：__________ 座号：__________ 目录 Part 1 语境串记语篇 1 【英文语篇】 1 【中文译文】 1 Part 2 知识点列表 2 Part 3 词根拆解 · 联想记忆 · 高考考点 2 Part 4 词性变化总表 8 Part 5 语境复现练习 — 语法填空 9 【练习题】 9 Part 6 知识点默写：根据汉语提示用所学单词的适当形式完成语篇 10 【练习题】 10 Part 7 关联阅读 10 Part 8 复现知识点 — 英译汉 11 Part 9 写作运用 — 词汇升级 11 Part 10 语境串联复盘 — 自我检测 12 Part 1 语境串记语篇 【英文语篇】 Music is a universal language that everyone can feel. Long ago a poor young man decided to compose his own songs. His first pieces were not brilliant, yet an old teacher heard something remarkable in them. The teacher had a fine reputation in the city, and he said the boy's honest melodies deserved a wider audience. Year after year his music began to transform the way people felt. He learned to combine folk tunes with grand classical forms, and a full orchestra soon accompanied his solos. He overcame poverty, illness and doubt, and he came to possess a rare gift: the power to comfort strangers. Nothing can guarantee success, but honest feeling always finds its way, like a quiet stream that never stops running. 【中文译文】 音乐是一门人人都能感受的普世语言。很久以前，一位贫穷的年轻人决定（compose）创作自己的歌曲。他最初的作品并不（brilliant）出色，但一位老教师却从中听出了某种（remarkable）非凡的东西。这位老师在城中享有很好的（reputation）名声，他说男孩质朴的旋律（deserve）值得被更多人听见。 年复一年，他的音乐开始（transform）改变人们的感受。他学会把民谣曲调与宏大的古典曲式（combine）结合起来，整支乐队很快就为他的独奏（accompany）伴奏。他（overcome）克服了贫穷、疾病与怀疑，最终（possess）拥有一种罕见的天赋——抚慰陌生人的力量。没有什么能（guarantee）保证成功，但真挚的情感总会找到出路，就像一条永不停歇的安静（stream）小溪。 💡 语境串联记忆线索：决意创作→初作不佳→听出非凡→名师有名→质朴值得→音乐改变→民谣结合→乐队伴奏→克服困苦→拥有天赋→无人保证→溪流不息 记忆链：compose → brilliant → remarkable → reputation → deserve → transform → combine → accompany → overcome → possess → guarantee → stream Part 2 知识点列表 序号 知识点 音标 词性 + 释义 + 高考考点 1 compose /kəmˈpəʊz/ vt. 创作（乐曲/诗歌）；构成；使镇定 ⚡考点：compose music/a poem；be composed of 由…组成；compose oneself 使自己镇定；composer n. 作曲家；composition n. 作品；作文 2 deserve /dɪˈzɜːv/ vt. 值得；应得 ⚡考点：deserve to do sth.；deserve doing = deserve to be done；well deserve sth.；deserved adj. 应得的；deservedly adv. 理所当然地 3 overcome /ˌəʊvəˈkʌm/ vt. 克服；战胜；（情感）压倒 ⚡考点：overcome difficulties/fear；be overcome by/with emotion 情不自禁；三态 overcome-overcame-overcome（易错） 4 transform /trænsˈfɔːm/ vt. 使改观；使转变 ⚡考点：transform A into B；be transformed from…into…；transformation n. 转变；transformer n. 变压器 5 combine /kəmˈbaɪn/ vt./vi. （使）结合；兼有 ⚡考点：combine A with/and B；combine to do sth.；combination n. 结合（in combination with）；combined adj. 联合的 6 possess /pəˈzes/ vt. 拥有；具有（品质）；支配 ⚡考点：possess sth.（无进行时）；be possessed of 具有；possession n. 拥有（in possession of / in the possession of 易错） 7 accompany /əˈkʌmpəni/ vt. 陪伴；伴随；为…伴奏 ⚡考点：accompany sb. to a place；be accompanied by；accompany sb. on the piano 用钢琴为某人伴奏；accompaniment n. 伴奏 8 guarantee /ˌɡærənˈtiː/ vt. 保证；担保 n. 保证；保修单 ⚡考点：guarantee to do/that 从句；guarantee sb. sth.；under guarantee 在保修期内；there is no guarantee that… 9 brilliant /ˈbrɪliənt/ adj. 才华横溢的；极好的；明亮的 ⚡考点：a brilliant idea/performance；brilliant sunshine 灿烂的阳光；brilliance n. 才华；光辉；brilliantly adv. 出色地 10 remarkable /rɪˈmɑːkəbl/ adj. 非凡的；显著的；值得注意的 ⚡考点：a remarkable achievement；It is remarkable that…；be remarkable for；remarkably adv. 非常；remark v./n. 评论 11 reputation /ˌrepjuˈteɪʃn/ n. 名声；名誉 ⚡考点：have/build a reputation for；live up to one's reputation；damage one's reputation；reputable adj. 声誉好的 12 stream /striːm/ n. 小溪；一连串 vi. 流动；涌出 ⚡考点：a stream of（一连串的）；tears streamed down；stream music 在线播放音乐；upstream/downstream 上/下游 Part 3 词根拆解 · 联想记忆 · 高考考点 1. compose /kəmˈpəʊz/ vt. 创作（乐曲、诗歌）；构成；使镇定 【核心考点】 compose是艺术创作类核心动词，音乐与文学话题必备。compose music/a symphony/a poem（创作乐曲/交响乐/诗歌），强调有艺术构思的原创；be composed of（由…组成，被动式，等于consist of，但consist of不可用被动，这是高考经典易错点）；compose oneself（使自己镇定下来）。名词composer n.（作曲家）、composition n.（作品；作文；构图；成分）；形容词composed adj.（镇定的）→ remain composed。辨析：compose（创作艺术作品；构成整体）vs write（泛指写作）vs create（创造出前所未有之物）vs make up（由…构成，主动语态，主语是各部分）。 【词根联想】 com-（共同，一起）+ pos/pon（拉丁语ponere"放置"）+ -e → 把音符和词句一起放好→ 创作；构成。联想：pos"放"→ position（位置）、propose（提议→向前放）、expose（暴露→放到外面）、oppose（反对→放在对面）、deposit（存放）、compose（放到一起→创作）。 【熟词生义】 熟词生义：compose vt. 构成；组成；使镇定。熟义"创作"之外，be composed of表示"由…组成"，如The team is composed of six players（队伍由六名队员组成）；compose oneself表示"使自己镇静"，如She composed herself before going on stage（她上台前让自己平静下来）。这两个用法在阅读与语法填空中出现频率很高。 【经典原句】 （经典原句）"He composed his first piece of music at the age of eight."（他八岁时创作了第一首乐曲。）（经典原句·compose 创作） 【搭配词块】 compose music 创作乐曲 / be composed of 由…组成 / compose oneself 使镇定 / composer n. 作曲家 2. deserve /dɪˈzɜːv/ vt. 值得；应得；应受（惩罚） 【核心考点】 deserve是评价类高频动词，读写双高频。deserve sth.（应得某物）；deserve to do sth.（值得做某事）；deserve doing sth. = deserve to be done（值得被…，主动形式表被动，与need doing、want doing、require doing同类，是高考语法经典考点）；well deserve（完全应得）。派生词deserved adj.（应得的）→ a well-deserved prize；deservedly adv.（理所当然地）；deserving adj.（值得帮助的；有价值的）。辨析：deserve（因自身行为或品质而应得，可褒可贬）vs be worth（值得，后接名词或doing）vs merit（正式，值得给予某种对待）。 【词根联想】 de-（完全地，彻底地）+ serve（服务）→ 完全尽到了服务之责→ 理应得到回报→ 值得。联想：serv"服务；保持"→ service（服务）、servant（仆人）、preserve（保存→事先保持）、reserve（预订→保留）、conserve（保护）、deserve（尽力服务→应得）。 【真题原句】 （2021·全国甲卷·完形填空·deserve表"应得"）"It's the seaside birds that deserve at least part of the blame for getting Nick Burchill blacklisted at the Fairmont Empress Hotel in Victoria, Canada."（加拿大维多利亚费尔蒙特皇后酒店把Nick Burchill列入黑名单，至少要部分归咎于那些海鸟。）（真题原句·deserve 应得） 【搭配词块】 deserve to do 值得做 / deserve doing 值得被… / well deserve 完全应得 / deserved adj. 应得的 3. overcome /ˌəʊvəˈkʌm/ vt. 克服；战胜；（情感等）压倒 【核心考点】 overcome是励志类语篇的核心动词，读后续写与写作高频。overcome difficulties/obstacles/fear/shyness（克服困难/障碍/恐惧/羞怯）；overcome an opponent（战胜对手）。特别注意其不规则变化：overcome-overcame-overcome，过去分词与原形同形，是语法填空的高频陷阱。被动用法be overcome by/with（被…压倒；不能自持），如be overcome with joy/grief/emotion（喜不自胜/悲痛欲绝/情不自禁）。辨析：overcome（凭意志战胜困难或情绪）vs conquer（征服土地、民族或自然）vs defeat（在比赛或战争中击败对手）vs get over（口语化，从疾病或打击中恢复）。 【词根联想】 over-（在…之上，越过）+ come（来）→ 从上方压过来、翻越过去→ 战胜；克服。联想：over-"越过；过度"→ overlook（俯瞰；忽略）、overtake（超过）、overwhelm（压倒）、overlook（忽视）、overcome（越过困难→克服）。 【熟词生义】 熟词生义：overcome vt. （情感、烟雾等）使不知所措；使窒息。熟义"克服"之外，overcome常以被动形式出现，表示人被强烈情绪或有害气体压倒，如She was overcome with emotion and could not speak（她激动得说不出话）、be overcome by smoke（被烟熏得窒息）。 【经典原句】 （经典原句）"He overcame his fear of the stage and played the piece perfectly."（他克服了怯场心理，把曲子演奏得完美无缺。）（经典原句·overcome 克服） 【搭配词块】 overcome difficulties 克服困难 / overcome fear 战胜恐惧 / be overcome with 被…压倒 / overcame（过去式） 4. transform /trænsˈfɔːm/ vt. 使改观；使彻底改变；使转化 【核心考点】 transform是变化类核心动词，科技、文化与成长类语篇高频。transform A into B（把A变成B，into不可换成to）；be transformed from…into…（从…转变为…）；transform the way sb. does sth.（改变某人做某事的方式，写作亮点句式）。名词transformation n.（转变；改造）→ undergo a transformation（经历一场蜕变）；transformer n.（变压器）。辨析：transform（形态、性质或外观的彻底改变，程度最深）vs change（最通用）vs convert（转换用途、形式或信仰，如convert into a hotel）vs alter（局部改动，如alter a dress）。 【词根联想】 trans-（越过；转移，across）+ form（形状）→ 使形状发生转移→ 彻底改变。联想：trans-"横过；转变"→ transport（运输→带过去）、translate（翻译→转换语言）、transfer（转移）、transmit（传送）、transparent（透明的→看得穿）、transform（改变形态）。 【经典原句】 （经典原句）"A few weeks of practice transformed the shy boy into a confident performer."（几周的练习让这个害羞的男孩变成了自信的表演者。）（经典原句·transform 使转变） 【搭配词块】 transform A into B 把A变成B / transformation n. 转变 / be transformed 被改变 / transform the way 改变…方式 5. combine /kəmˈbaɪn/ vt./vi. （使）结合；兼有；混合 【核心考点】 combine是关系类核心动词，说明文与议论文高频。combine A with B（把A与B结合，with最常用）；combine A and B（把A和B合在一起）；combine to do sth.（联合起来做某事）；combine business with pleasure（把工作与娱乐结合起来）。名词combination n.（结合；组合；密码）→ in combination with（与…结合）、a combination of（…的组合，后接名词作主语时谓语常用单数）；combined adj.（联合的）→ combined efforts。辨析：combine（两者结合后仍可辨认，形成新整体）vs mix（混合，成分可分可不分）vs blend（调和得均匀自然）vs unite（为共同目标而联合，多指人或国家）。 【词根联想】 com-（共同，一起）+ bini（拉丁语"两个两个地"）→ 两两放到一起→ 结合。联想：bi-"二"→ bicycle（自行车→两个轮子）、binary（二进制的）、bilingual（双语的）、combine（把两者合起来→结合）。 【真题原句】 （2023·新高考Ⅰ卷·阅读B·combination表"组合"）"With the right combination of animals and plants, he figured, maybe he could clean up waste the way nature did."（他心想，只要动植物搭配得当，或许他就能像大自然那样清理废物。）（真题原句·combine 名词 组合） 【搭配词块】 combine A with B 把A与B结合 / combination n. 结合 / a combination of …的组合 / combined adj. 联合的 6. possess /pəˈzes/ vt. 拥有；具有（品质、能力）；支配 【核心考点】 possess是所属关系类正式动词，说明文与人物描写高频。possess sth.（拥有某物，正式书面语，通常不用于进行时）；possess a quality/an ability/a talent（具有某种品质/能力/天赋）；be possessed of（具有某种品质，正式）。名词possession n.（拥有；所有物，复数possessions表"财产"）→ 高考经典易混：in possession of（主语拥有某物）vs in the possession of（某物为某人所有），主客颠倒是常见错误；take possession of（占有）。辨析：possess（正式，强调法律或事实上的拥有，也指具备抽象品质）vs own（拥有所有权，最常用）vs have（最通用，口语化）vs belong to（属于，主语是物）。 【词根联想】 pos-（potis"有能力的；主人的"）+ sess（sedere"坐"）→ 以主人身份坐镇其上→ 占有；拥有。联想：sess/sed/sid"坐"→ session（会议→坐下开会）、preside（主持→坐在前面）、resident（居民→常坐之人）、settle（安顿）、possess（坐拥→拥有）。 【熟词生义】 熟词生义：possess vt. （思想、情绪）支配；控制；使着魔。熟义"拥有"之外，possess可表示某种念头或情绪控制了人，如What possessed you to say such a thing?（你到底中了什么邪才说出这种话？）、be possessed by fear（被恐惧攫住）。此义多见于文学性阅读。 【真题原句】 （2022·全国甲卷·阅读·possess表"具有"）"This indicates that Goffin's cockatoos do indeed possess an allocentric frame of reference when moving objects in space, similar to two-year-old babies."（这表明戈芬凤头鹦鹉在空间移动物体时确实具备一种异中心参照系，与两岁婴儿相似。）（真题原句·possess 具有） 【搭配词块】 possess a talent 拥有天赋 / possession n. 拥有 / in possession of 拥有 / be possessed of 具有 7. accompany /əˈkʌmpəni/ vt. 陪伴；伴随；为…伴奏 【核心考点】 accompany是陪伴与伴随类核心动词，语法填空高频考查被动式。accompany sb. to a place（陪某人去某地，不加with）；be accompanied by（由…陪同；伴有…，高频被动结构）；Children must be accompanied by an adult（儿童须由成人陪同）；accompany sb. on the piano（用钢琴为某人伴奏）。名词accompaniment n.（伴奏；伴随物）→ to the accompaniment of（在…伴奏下）；accompanist n.（伴奏者）。辨析：accompany（正式，陪同或伴随发生）vs go with（口语，与…同行）vs follow（跟随在后）vs attend（出席；照料）。注意accompany本身及物，切勿写成accompany with sb.。 【词根联想】 ac-（ad-"朝向"的同化形式）+ company（同伴；陪伴，com-"共同"+ pan"面包"→ 同吃一块面包的人）→ 与人做伴→ 陪伴。联想：pan"面包"→ company（公司；陪伴）、companion（同伴）、accompany（陪伴）、pantry（食品储藏室）。 【熟词生义】 熟词生义：accompany vt. 为…伴奏。熟义"陪伴"之外，在音乐语境中accompany专指乐器伴奏，如She sang and her brother accompanied her on the guitar（她唱歌，哥哥用吉他为她伴奏）。这是选修一Unit 2音乐主题下最需要掌握的义项。 【经典原句】 （经典原句）"A young pianist accompanied her while she sang the folk song."（她唱那首民歌时，一位年轻钢琴家为她伴奏。）（经典原句·accompany 伴奏） 【搭配词块】 be accompanied by 由…陪同 / accompany sb. 陪伴某人 / accompany sb. on the piano 钢琴伴奏 / accompaniment n. 伴奏 8. guarantee /ˌɡærənˈtiː/ vt. 保证；担保 n. 保证；保修单 【核心考点】 guarantee兼具动词与名词两种词性，议论文写作高频。作动词guarantee to do sth./that从句（保证做某事/保证…）；guarantee sb. sth. = guarantee sth. to sb.（向某人保证某物）；be guaranteed to do（必定会…）。作名词there is no guarantee that…（无法保证…，写作高级句式）；under guarantee（在保修期内）；a money-back guarantee（退款保证）。辨析：guarantee（对结果或质量作出有约束力的保证）vs promise（个人承诺，未必有约束力）vs ensure（确保某事发生，后接that从句或名词）vs assure（使某人确信，assure sb. of sth.）。 【词根联想】 源自古法语garantie（担保），与warrant（授权；保证）同源，g-与w-互换是法语与日耳曼语借词的常见对应。联想：ward/guard"守护"→ guard（守卫）、guardian（监护人）、warranty（保修）、guarantee（担保→为结果守护）。 【熟词生义】 熟词生义：guarantee n. 保修单；质保书。熟义动词"保证"之外，guarantee作可数名词指商品附带的书面保证文件，如The washing machine comes with a two-year guarantee（这台洗衣机附带两年保修）、still under guarantee（仍在保修期内）。此义在广告与应用文阅读中常见。 【真题原句】 （2024·全国甲卷·阅读·guaranteed表"必定的"）"From then on, if I wanted to read an ending guaranteed to be happy, I'd pick up a love romance."（从那以后，如果我想读一个必定圆满的结局，我就会拿起一本言情小说。）（真题原句·guarantee 过去分词 必定的） 【搭配词块】 guarantee to do 保证做 / there is no guarantee that 无法保证 / under guarantee 在保修期内 / guaranteed adj. 有保证的 9. brilliant /ˈbrɪliənt/ adj. 才华横溢的；极好的；明亮的 【核心考点】 brilliant是评价类高频形容词，人物描写与读后续写常用。a brilliant idea/performance/scientist（绝妙的主意/精彩的演出/杰出的科学家）；be brilliant at（擅长…）；brilliant sunshine/colours（灿烂的阳光/鲜艳的色彩）。名词brilliance n.（才华；光辉）；副词brilliantly adv.（出色地；明亮地）→ play brilliantly。辨析：brilliant（才智出众或表现精彩，语气强烈，英式口语中也表"太棒了"）vs clever（机灵的，可含贬义"耍小聪明"）vs intelligent（理解与思维能力强）vs talented/gifted（有天赋的，侧重先天才能）。 【词根联想】 源自意大利语brillare"闪耀"（与beryl"绿宝石"同源）+ 形容词后缀-ant → 像宝石般闪光的→ 明亮的；才华出众的。联想：-ant"…的"→ important（重要的）、pleasant（愉快的）、distant（遥远的）、brilliant（闪耀的→杰出的）。 【熟词生义】 熟词生义：brilliant adj. 明亮的；鲜艳的；灿烂的。熟义"才华横溢的"之外，brilliant的本义是"光线强烈的"，如brilliant sunshine（灿烂的阳光）、a brilliant blue sky（湛蓝明亮的天空）、brilliant colours（鲜艳的色彩）。此义在景物描写类语篇中常出现。 【真题原句】 （2023·新高考Ⅰ卷·读后续写·brilliant表"绝妙的"）"Not a brilliant idea, but funny; and unlikely to be anyone else's choice."（算不上绝妙的主意，但很有趣，而且大概不会有别人选它。）（真题原句·brilliant 绝妙的） 【搭配词块】 a brilliant idea 绝妙的主意 / be brilliant at 擅长 / brilliant sunshine 灿烂的阳光 / brilliance n. 才华 10. remarkable /rɪˈmɑːkəbl/ adj. 非凡的；显著的；值得注意的 【核心考点】 remarkable是评价类高频形容词，说明文与人物类阅读常用。a remarkable achievement/discovery/woman（非凡的成就/发现/女性）；be remarkable for（因…而引人注目）；It is remarkable that…（值得注意的是…）。副词remarkably adv.（非常；显著地）→ remarkably well（好得出奇）；动词remark v.（评论；注意到）→ remark on/upon；名词remark n.（言论）→ make a remark。辨析：remarkable（值得一提、超出寻常，语气正面）vs outstanding（在同类中最突出）vs extraordinary（异乎寻常，可褒可贬）vs noticeable（容易被察觉的，程度较轻）。 【词根联想】 re-（再次，加强语气）+ mark（标记）+ -able（能…的）→ 值得再做上记号的→ 值得注意的；非凡的。联想：mark"标记"→ remark（评论→再标记出来说）、remarkable（值得标记的→非凡的）、landmark（地标）、bookmark（书签）。 【经典原句】 （经典原句）"The young violinist has made remarkable progress in only one year."（这位年轻小提琴手仅用一年就取得了非凡的进步。）（经典原句·remarkable 非凡的） 【搭配词块】 a remarkable achievement 非凡成就 / be remarkable for 因…著称 / remarkably adv. 非常 / remark v. 评论 11. reputation /ˌrepjuˈteɪʃn/ n. 名声；名誉；声望 【核心考点】 reputation是人物与机构评价类高频名词，应用文与议论文常用。have/build/earn a reputation for（因…而享有声誉，for后接名词或doing）；have a reputation as（以…身份闻名）；live up to one's reputation（不负盛名）；damage/ruin one's reputation（损害名誉）；by reputation（据传闻）。形容词reputable adj.（声誉好的；可信赖的）；reputed adj.（据说的）→ be reputed to be。辨析：reputation（公众长期形成的评价，可好可坏）vs fame（名气，多指广为人知的正面知名度）vs honour（荣誉，含道德褒扬）vs prestige（威望，源于成就或地位）。 【词根联想】 re-（再次）+ put（拉丁语putare"思考；估量"）+ -ation（名词后缀）→ 人们反复思量后给出的评价→ 名声。联想：put"思考"→ compute（计算→共同估量）、dispute（争论→分开思量）、deputy（代理人）、reputation（反复评价→名声）。 【经典原句】 （经典原句）"The small music school has built a fine reputation among local parents."（这所小小的音乐学校在当地家长中建立了良好的声誉。）（经典原句·reputation 名声） 【搭配词块】 have a reputation for 因…享有声誉 / build a reputation 建立声誉 / live up to one's reputation 不负盛名 / reputable adj. 声誉好的 12. stream /striːm/ n. 小溪；一连串 vi. 流动；涌出 【核心考点】 stream兼具名词与动词，自然描写与科技类语篇双高频。作名词a mountain stream（山间小溪）；a stream of（一连串的，后接traffic/visitors/questions等，作主语时谓语随of后名词单复数而定）；upstream/downstream（上游/下游）。作动词tears streamed down her face（泪水顺着脸颊流下）；people streamed into the hall（人们涌入大厅）；在网络语境中stream music/a film表示"在线播放；流媒体传输"，streaming service（流媒体服务）是近年阅读高频表达。辨析：stream（小河；连绵不断地流动或涌出）vs river（河流，较大）vs flow（流动，最通用）vs pour（倾泻，量大而急）。 【词根联想】 源自古英语strēam"水流"，与德语Strom同源，本义即"流动的水"。联想：str-常表"延伸；流动"→ street（街道→延伸的路）、stretch（伸展）、straight（笔直的）、stream（延伸流动的水→小溪）。 【熟词生义】 熟词生义：stream n. 一连串；一股 vi. 涌出；在线播放。熟义"小溪"之外，stream可指连续不断的人流、车流或话语，如a steady stream of visitors（络绎不绝的访客）；作动词还表示网络流媒体播放，如stream the concert live（在线直播音乐会）。这两个义项在新高考阅读中极为常见。 【真题原句】 （2023·新高考Ⅰ卷·阅读B·stream表"小溪"）"A dirty stream, for example, often became clear after flowing through plants and along rocks where tiny creatures lived."（例如，一条肮脏的小溪流经植物和栖息着微小生物的岩石之后，常常会变得清澈。）（真题原句·stream 小溪） 【搭配词块】 a stream of 一连串的 / mountain stream 山间小溪 / stream down 流下 / streaming service 流媒体服务 Part 4 词性变化总表 原词 派生词1 派生词2 派生词3 核心搭配 compose composer (n.) composition (n.) composed (adj.) compose music / be composed of deserve deserved (adj.) deservedly (adv.) deserving (adj.) deserve to do / deserve doing overcome overcame (v. 过去式) overcoming (v.-ing) --- overcome difficulties / be overcome with transform transformation (n.) transformer (n.) transformed (adj.) transform A into B combine combination (n.) combined (adj.) combining (v.-ing) combine A with B / a combination of possess possession (n.) possessor (n.) possessive (adj.) possess a talent / in possession of accompany accompaniment (n.) accompanist (n.) accompanying (adj.) be accompanied by guarantee guaranteed (adj.) guarantor (n.) --- guarantee to do / under guarantee brilliant brilliance (n.) brilliantly (adv.) --- a brilliant idea / be brilliant at remarkable remarkably (adv.) remark (v./n.) --- a remarkable achievement / be remarkable for reputation reputable (adj.) reputed (adj.) reputedly (adv.) have a reputation for stream streaming (n./adj.) streamed (v.) upstream (adv.) a stream of / stream down Part 5 语境复现练习 — 语法填空 【练习题】 1.（2021全国甲卷·完形填空·改编）It is the seaside birds that __________ (deserving) at least part of the blame for the trouble at the hotel. 2.（2023新高考Ⅰ卷·阅读B·改编）With the right __________ (combine) of animals and plants, he figured, he could clean up waste the way nature did. 3.（2022全国甲卷·阅读·改编）The experiment indicates that these clever birds do indeed __________ (possession) an allocentric frame of reference. 4.（2024全国甲卷·阅读·改编）From then on, if I wanted an ending __________ (guarantee) to be happy, I would pick up a love romance. 5.（2023新高考Ⅰ卷·读后续写·改编）It was not a __________ (brilliance) idea, but it was funny and unlikely to be anyone else's choice. 6.（2023新高考Ⅰ卷·阅读B·改编）A dirty __________ (streaming) often became clear after flowing through plants and along rocks. 7.（2026山东济南•模拟）The gifted young pianist __________ (composer) his first symphony at the age of fifteen. 8.（2026广东广州•模拟）Music has completely __________ (transformation) the way these shy children look at themselves. 9.（2026浙江杭州•模拟）With his teacher's patient help, he finally __________ (overcoming) his fear of playing in public. 10.（2026江苏南京•模拟）A famous pianist __________ (accompaniment) her when she sang the folk song at the charity concert. 11.（2026四川成都•模拟）The girl has made __________ (remarkably) progress since she joined the free music school. 12.（2026河南郑州•模拟）The little school has slowly won a very good __________ (reputable) among parents in the neighbourhood. 13.（2026湖北武汉•模拟）This lovely song beautifully __________ (combination) old folk melodies with modern rhythms. 14.（2026福建福州•模拟）His latest __________ (compose) was played by the city orchestra last Sunday evening. 15.（2026湖南长沙•模拟）Millions of listeners __________ (streaming) the new album on the very first day of its release. Part 6 知识点默写：根据汉语提示用所学单词的适当形式完成语篇 【练习题】 很久以前，一位贫穷的年轻人决定__________（创作）自己的歌曲。他最初的作品并不__________（出色的），但一位老教师却从中听出了某种__________（非凡的）东西。 这位老师在城中享有很好的__________（名声），他说男孩质朴的旋律__________（值得）被更多人听见。 年复一年，他的音乐渐渐__________（改变）了人们的感受。他学会把民谣曲调与古典曲式__________（结合）起来，整支乐队很快就为他的独奏__________（伴奏）；他__________（克服）了贫穷与疾病，最终__________（拥有）一种罕见的天赋。没有人能__________（保证）成功，但真挚的情感总会像一条安静的__________（小溪）一样流向远方。 Part 7 关联阅读 Every Saturday morning a small hall in an old factory district fills with the sound of children practising the violin. The free school was started ten years ago by Zhao Ming, a musician who once played in a famous orchestra. He gave up a comfortable career because he believed that music is a universal language and that every child deserves the chance to speak it. At first only nine pupils came, and the room had no heating at all. Parents waited outside in the cold, holding paper cups of hot water and listening through the thin wooden door. Zhao Ming does not simply teach notes. He asks his pupils to compose short pieces about their own lives — a rainy street, a grandmother's kitchen, a stream behind the village where they were born. Some of the results are surprisingly brilliant. One boy, who had hardly spoken to anyone for a year, wrote a slow melody that made the whole class fall silent. Music, Zhao says, can transform a shy child into a confident speaker. He tells them that a tune written from the heart is worth more than a perfect scale. The school has faced real difficulties. Money runs out, instruments break, and parents sometimes doubt that lessons will help their children pass examinations. Zhao has overcome these problems one by one. Local shops now lend him space, retired teachers accompany the beginners on the piano for free, and a university choir visits twice a year. Nothing can guarantee that these children will become professional musicians, but that was never the point. Each difficulty, he admits, once looked impossible before somebody offered a hand. What the pupils gain is harder to measure. They learn to combine patience with courage, and many of them come to possess a quiet confidence that shows in every subject they study. The school's reputation has spread far beyond the city, and last spring a remarkable thing happened: former pupils returned to teach the new beginners. Their families now understand what he meant on that first cold morning. Zhao smiled and said that this, not applause, was the finest music he had ever heard. 1. Why did Zhao Ming give up his career in a famous orchestra? A. Because he was no longer able to play the violin well enough for the stage. B. Because he believed every child deserves the chance to speak the language of music. C. Because the old factory district offered him a much higher salary than before. D. Because his family asked him to return home and take care of his old parents. 2. What does Zhao Ming ask his pupils to do in class? A. To copy famous pieces written by great European composers. B. To practise scales again and again until every note is perfect. C. To perform in public concerts at the end of every single term. D. To compose short pieces about things in their own daily lives. 3. How has Zhao Ming dealt with the difficulties of the school? A. By accepting help from local shops, retired teachers and a university choir. B. By asking every family to pay a small fee for the broken instruments. C. By promising parents that the lessons will improve examination results. D. By moving the whole school to a modern building in the city centre. 4. What does the author think the pupils gain most from the school? A. A guaranteed place in a professional orchestra after they graduate. B. A wide reputation that has spread far beyond their own home city. C. Patience, courage and a quiet confidence useful in every subject. D. A remarkable ability to compose music faster than their teachers. 📖 本语篇覆盖的目标词汇：compose, deserve, overcome, transform, combine, possess, accompany, guarantee, brilliant, remarkable, reputation, stream Part 8 复现知识点 — 英译汉 请根据英文写出对应汉语释义： 乐思英语 ·高考高频知识点 1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 1. compose — __________ 2. deserve — __________ 3. overcome — __________ 4. transform — __________ 5. combine — __________ 6. possess — __________ 7. accompany — __________ 8. guarantee — __________ 9. brilliant — __________ 10. remarkable — __________ 11. reputation — __________ 12. stream — __________ 13. composer — __________ 14. composition — __________ 15. combination — __________ 16. possession — __________ 17. transformation — __________ 18. accompaniment — __________ 19. be composed of — __________ 20. be accompanied by — __________ Part 9 写作运用 — 词汇升级 同义转换：用本专题词汇替换下面句中的普通词，提升写作表达： 1. The young musician wanted to write a beautiful piece of music for his mother. → The young musician wanted to __________ a beautiful piece of music for his mother. 2. Her honest and simple melodies really ought to have a much wider audience. → Her honest and simple melodies really __________ a much wider audience. 3. A single piece of music can completely change the way a shy child sees himself. → A single piece of music can __________ the way a shy child sees himself. 4. The composer likes to join folk tunes and modern rhythms in one beautiful piece. → The composer likes to __________ folk tunes and modern rhythms in one beautiful piece. 5. A famous pianist played the music together with her while she sang on the stage. → A famous pianist __________ her while she sang on the stage. 6. It took the quiet boy three long years to get over his deep fear of the stage. → It took the quiet boy three long years to __________ his deep fear of the stage. 7. Every one of these quiet children now owns a calm and steady confidence. → Every one of these quiet children now __________ a calm and steady confidence. 8. Nobody can promise for certain that hard work will always bring quick success. → Nobody can __________ that hard work will always bring quick success. 9. His very first song was not at all clever, but it was honest and rather funny. → His very first song was not at all __________, but it was honest and rather funny. 10. Something quite amazing happened in the little music hall last spring. → Something quite __________ happened in the little music hall last spring. 11. The small free school has won a very good name among the parents nearby. → The small free school has won a very good __________ among the parents nearby. 12. A clear little river ran quietly behind the village where the boy was born. → A clear little __________ ran quietly behind the village where the boy was born. Part 10 语境串联复盘 — 自我检测 遮挡提示，尝试用12个目标词复述下面这条记忆链： 记忆链：compose → brilliant → remarkable → reputation → deserve → transform → combine → accompany → overcome → possess → guarantee → stream 复述模板（填空）： 很久以前，一位贫穷的年轻人决定__________（创作）自己的歌曲；他最初的作品并不__________（出色的），老教师却听出了某种__________（非凡的）东西。 这位在城中颇有__________（名声）的老师说，男孩质朴的旋律__________（值得）被更多人听见。 后来，音乐渐渐__________（改变）了人们的感受：他把民谣与古典曲式__________（结合），乐队为他__________（伴奏）；他__________（克服）困苦，最终__________（拥有）罕见的天赋。没有人能__________（保证）成功，但真情总像一条__________（小溪）一样流向远方。 你的复述： ____________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________ $