第7卷 单项选择（非谓语动词与情态动词）-【2027版】山西省（对口升学）《英语45分钟训练卷》（原卷版+解析版）

**基本信息** 聚焦非谓语动词与情态动词核心考点，通过40道单选构建"基础用法-易混辨析-情境应用"的递进训练体系，提升语法应用与应试能力。 **专项设计** |模块|题量/典例|题型特征|知识逻辑| |----|-----------|----------|----------| |非谓语动词|31题|涵盖不定式（如decide to do）、动名词（如mind doing）、分词（如see sb doing）及固定搭配（如too...to）|从动词搭配规则到易混点（如remember to do/doing）辨析，构建"形式-功能-语境"应用逻辑| |情态动词|9题|包含can/must/may/should等核心词，涉及许可、推测、建议等语气功能|按"基本含义-否定形式-问答搭配"层级展开，强化语境中语气判断能力|

编写说明：本卷依据最新版《中等职业学校英语课程标准》和历年真题编写。本系列定位为45分钟训练卷，用于课堂限时训练、周测检测和阶段复习。本卷为单项选择专项训练之非谓语动词与情态动词，重点训练不定式、动名词、分词的用法辨析及情态动词can/must/may/should/need/would rather/had better等核心考点。全卷共40小题，每小题2.5分，满分100分。 【2027版】山西省（对口升学）《英语45分钟训练卷》 第7卷 单项选择（非谓语动词与情态动词） 考试时间：45分钟 满分：100分 班级______姓名______学号______成绩______ 单项选择题（本大题共40小题，每小题2.5分，共计100分） 从 A、B、C、D 四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 1. Would you mind _____ the window? It's a bit hot in here. A. open B. to open C. opening D. opened 2. She decided _____ a teacher after graduation from college. A. to become B. becoming C. become D. became 3. The teacher told the students _____ in class when others are speaking. A. not talk B. not talking C. not to talk D. don't talk 4. I enjoy _____ to music when I am doing housework at home. A. listen B. to listen C. listening D. listened 5. Don't forget _____ off the lights when you leave the classroom. A. turning B. to turn C. turn D. turned 6. The little boy is too short _____ the books on the top shelf. A. to reach B. reaching C. reach D. reached 7. My parents asked me _____ too much time on video games. A. not spending B. not to spend C. not spend D. don't spend 8. I remember _____ the door before I left, but I'm not sure now. A. to lock B. locking C. lock D. locked 9. It took the workers three months _____ the new bridge. A. to build B. building C. build D. built 10. He practices _____ English every morning in the park near his home. A. to speak B. speak C. speaking D. spoken 11. The heavy rain prevented us _____ out for a walk yesterday. A. going B. to go C. go D. gone 12. I am looking forward to _____ from you in the near future. A. hear B. heard C. hears D. hearing 13. You had better _____ your coat. It's quite cold outside today. A. to put on B. put on C. putting on D. puts on 14. I used to _____ in the countryside, but now I live in the city. A. living B. live C. lived D. to living 15. My father stopped _____ three years ago. He feels much healthier now. A. to smoke B. smoke C. smoked D. smoking 16. The workers were made _____ twelve hours a day in the past. A. to work B. work C. working D. worked 17. We saw a young man _____ into the building suspiciously just now. A. go B. to go C. going D. gone 18. I suggest that he _____ more time preparing for the coming exam. A. spends B. spend C. spending D. to spend 19. You _____ be tired after working for ten hours. You need a good rest. A. can B. would C. need D. must 20. —Must I finish the report today? —No, you _____. You can hand it in next Monday. A. needn't B. mustn't C. can't D. shouldn't 21. You _____ drive after drinking. It's against the law and very dangerous. A. needn't B. couldn't C. mustn't D. wouldn't 22. The boy is only five, but he _____ already read many simple words. A. can B. must C. may D. need 23. —_____ I use your dictionary for a moment? —Of course. Here you are. A. Must B. May C. Should D. Need 24. The weather is very nice today. You _____ take an umbrella with you. A. mustn't B. needn't C. can't D. shouldn't 25. Students _____ obey the school rules at all times during the semester. A. might B. would C. could D. should 26. He _____ rather stay at home reading than go to the noisy party tonight. A. had B. should C. could D. would 27. She spent the whole afternoon _____ her room clean and tidy. A. to make B. make C. making D. made 28. We expect him _____ the first prize in the writing competition. A. winning B. to win C. win D. won 29. The book is interesting and is well worth _____ a second time. A. to read B. read C. reading D. being read 30. I find it hard _____ a foreign language well without a good environment. A. learning B. learn C. learned D. to learn 31. He was heard _____ to himself when he walked out of the office. A. sing B. sang C. to sing D. sung 32. The new machine is designed _____ the production speed greatly. A. increasing B. increase C. increased D. to increase 33. He insisted on _____ to the concert alone without any company. A. go B. to go C. going D. gone 34. She preferred _____ at home rather than go shopping in such hot weather. A. staying B. stay C. stayed D. to stay 35. We had no choice but _____ the difficult situation bravely. A. to face B. face C. facing D. faced 36. His parents don't allow him _____ out late on school nights. A. staying B. stay C. to stay D. stayed 37. You _____ worry about Tom. He is old enough to take care of himself. A. needn't B. mustn't C. can't D. shouldn't 38. He can't avoid _____ mistakes when he learns a new language. A. to make B. make C. made D. making 39. It is no use _____ about the past. We should look forward to the future. A. to complain B. complain C. complained D. complaining 40. The doctor suggested that he _____ less meat and more vegetables every day. A. eats B. eat C. eating D. to eat 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！ 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 编写说明：本卷依据最新版《中等职业学校英语课程标准》和历年真题编写。本系列定位为45分钟训练卷，用于课堂限时训练、周测检测和阶段复习。本卷为单项选择专项训练之非谓语动词与情态动词，重点训练不定式、动名词、分词的用法辨析及情态动词can/must/may/should/need/would rather/had better等核心考点。全卷共40小题，每小题2.5分，满分100分。 【2027版】山西省（对口升学）《英语45分钟训练卷》 第7卷 单项选择（非谓语动词与情态动词） 考试时间：45分钟 满分：100分 班级______姓名______学号______成绩______ 单项选择题（本大题共40小题，每小题2.5分，共计100分） 从 A、B、C、D 四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 1. Would you mind _____ the window? It's a bit hot in here. A. open B. to open C. opening D. opened 【答案】C 【详解】考查mind doing的固定搭配。句意：你介意打开窗户吗？这里有点热。A选项open，动词原形不符合；B选项to open，不定式不作mind的宾语；C选项opening，动名词作mind的宾语；D选项opened，过去分词不作宾语。mind doing sth.意为介意做某事是固定搭配。故选C。 2. She decided _____ a teacher after graduation from college. A. to become B. becoming C. become D. became 【答案】A 【详解】考查decide to do的固定搭配。句意：她决定大学毕业后当一名老师。A选项to become，不定式作decide的宾语；B选项becoming，动名词不作decide的宾语；C选项become，动词原形不符合；D选项became，过去式不作宾语。decide to do sth.意为决定做某事后接不定式。故选A。 3. The teacher told the students _____ in class when others are speaking. A. not talk B. not talking C. not to talk D. don't talk 【答案】C 【详解】考查tell sb. not to do的固定搭配。句意：老师告诉学生们在别人发言时不要在课堂上讲话。A选项not talk，缺少to；B选项not talking，动名词不符合；C选项not to talk，不定式的否定形式作宾补；D选项don，'t talk祈使句式不符合。tell sb. not to do sth.意为告诉某人不要做某事。故选C。 4. I enjoy _____ to music when I am doing housework at home. A. listen B. to listen C. listening D. listened 【答案】C 【详解】考查enjoy doing的固定搭配。句意：我喜欢做家务时听音乐。A选项listen，动词原形不符合；B选项to listen，不定式不作enjoy的宾语；C选项listening，动名词作enjoy的宾语；D选项listened，过去式不符合。enjoy doing sth.意为喜欢做某事后接动名词。故选C。 5. Don't forget _____ off the lights when you leave the classroom. A. turning B. to turn C. turn D. turned 【答案】B 【详解】考查forget to do的固定搭配。句意：你离开教室时别忘了关灯。A选项turning，动名词表示忘记已做过；B选项to turn，不定式表示别忘了要去做；C选项turn，动词原形不符合；D选项turned，过去式不符合。forget to do sth.意为忘记要做某事关灯是未发生的动作。故选B。 6. The little boy is too short _____ the books on the top shelf. A. to reach B. reaching C. reach D. reached 【答案】A 【详解】考查too...to do的固定句型。句意：那个小男孩太矮了够不着书架顶层的书。A选项to， reach，too...to结构后接不定式；B选项reaching，动名词不符合；C选项reach，动词原形不符合；D选项reached，过去式不符合。too+adj.+to do sth.意为太……而不能做某事。故选A。 7. My parents asked me _____ too much time on video games. A. not spending B. not to spend C. not spend D. don't spend 【答案】B 【详解】考查ask sb. not to do的固定搭配。句意：我父母要求我不要在电子游戏上花太多时间。A选项not spending，动名词不符合；B选项not to spend，不定式的否定式作宾补；C选项not spend，缺少to；D选项don，'t spend祈使句式不符合。ask sb. not to do sth.意为要求某人不要做某事。故选B。 8. I remember _____ the door before I left, but I'm not sure now. A. to lock B. locking C. lock D. locked 【答案】B 【详解】考查remember doing的用法。句意：我记得离开前锁了门，但现在不确定了。A选项to lock，不定式表示记得要去做；B选项locking，动名词表示记得做过某事；C选项lock，动词原形不符合；D选项locked，过去式不符合。remember doing sth.意为记得做过某事表示动作已完成。故选B。 9. It took the workers three months _____ the new bridge. A. to build B. building C. build D. built 【答案】A 【详解】考查It takes time to do的句型。句意：工人们花了三个月的时间修建这座新桥。A选项to buildIt takes，+时间+to do句型；B选项building，动名词不符合；C选项build，动词原形不符合；D选项built，过去式不符合。It takes+时间+to do sth.意为做某事花费多少时间。故选A。 10. He practices _____ English every morning in the park near his home. A. to speak B. speak C. speaking D. spoken 【答案】C 【详解】考查practice doing的固定搭配。句意：他每天早晨在离家不远的公园里练习说英语。A选项to speak，不定式不作practice的宾语；B选项speak，动词原形不符合；C选项speaking，动名词作practice的宾语；D选项spoken，过去分词不符合。practice doing sth.意为练习做某事后接动名词。故选C。 11. The heavy rain prevented us _____ out for a walk yesterday. A. going B. to go C. go D. gone 【答案】A 【详解】考查prevent sb. from doing或prevent sb. doing。句意：昨天的大雨阻止了我们出去散步。A选项going，动名词作prevent的宾语；B选项to go，不定式不符合prevent搭配；C选项go，动词原形不符合；D选项gone，过去分词不符合。prevent sb. (from) doing sth.意为阻止某人做某事。故选A。 12. I am looking forward to _____ from you in the near future. A. hear B. heard C. hears D. hearing 【答案】D 【详解】考查look forward to doing的固定搭配。句意：我期待着在不久的将来收到你的来信。A选项hear，look forward to中to为介词后接动名词；B选项heard，过去式不符合；C选项hears，第三人称单数不符合；D选项hearing，动名词作look forward to的宾语。look forward to doing sth.中to是介词后接动名词。故选D。 13. You had better _____ your coat. It's quite cold outside today. A. to put on B. put on C. putting on D. puts on 【答案】B 【详解】考查had better do的固定搭配。句意：你最好穿上外套。今天外面很冷。A选项to put on，had better后不接to；B选项put on，had better后接动词原形；C选项putting on，had better后不接动名词；D选项puts on，时态和人称错误。had better do sth.意为最好做某事，后接动词原形。故选B。 14. I used to _____ in the countryside, but now I live in the city. A. living B. live C. lived D. to living 【答案】B 【详解】考查used to do的固定搭配。句意：我过去住在乡下，但现在我住在城市里。A选项living，不与used to搭配；B选项live，used to后接动词原形；C选项lived，不与used to搭配；D选项to living，be used to doing才用动名词。used to do sth.意为过去常常做某事后接动词原形。故选B。 15. My father stopped _____ three years ago. He feels much healthier now. A. to smoke B. smoke C. smoked D. smoking 【答案】D 【详解】考查stop doing的用法。句意：我父亲三年前戒烟了。他现在感觉健康多了。A选项to smoke，不定式表示停下来去做某事；B选项smoke，动词原形不符合；C选项smoked，过去式不符合；D选项smoking，动名词表示停止做某事。stop doing sth.意为停止做某事戒烟是停止吸烟用动名词。故选D。 16. The workers were made _____ twelve hours a day in the past. A. to work B. work C. working D. worked 【答案】A 【详解】考查make sb. do的被动语态恢复to。句意：过去工人们被迫每天工作十二个小时。A选项to work，make的被动语态后接带to的不定式；B选项work，主动语态中make后接不带to的不定式；C选项working，动名词不符合；D选项worked，过去分词不符合。make sb. do变为被动语态时须恢复to即be made to do。故选A。 17. We saw a young man _____ into the building suspiciously just now. A. go B. to go C. going D. gone 【答案】A 【详解】考查see sb. do的固定搭配。句意：我们刚才看见一个年轻男子可疑地走进了大楼。A选项go，感官动词see后接不带to的不定式；B选项to go，感官动词后接动词原形时不带to；C选项going，进行时表示正在做；D选项gone，过去分词不符合。see sb. do sth.意为看见某人做了某事侧重动作全过程。故选A。 18. I suggest that he _____ more time preparing for the coming exam. A. spends B. spend C. spending D. to spend 【答案】B 【详解】考查suggest that sb. (should) do虚拟语气。句意：我建议他多花些时间为即将到来的考试做准备。A选项spends，时态不符；B选项spend，suggest的宾语从句用虚拟语气动词原形；C选项spending，动名词不符合；D选项to spend，不定式不符合。suggest that从句中用虚拟语气即should+动词原形should可省略。故选B。 19. You _____ be tired after working for ten hours. You need a good rest. A. can B. would C. need D. must 【答案】D 【详解】考查must表示肯定推测的用法。句意：你工作了十个小时一定累了。你需要好好休息。A选项cancan，表示能力不表推测；B选项would，would表示意愿；C选项need，need表示需要；D选项must，must表示肯定推测一定是。must be表示肯定推测意为一定是很符合逻辑推论。故选D。 20. —Must I finish the report today? —No, you _____. You can hand it in next Monday. A. needn't B. mustn't C. can't D. shouldn't 【答案】A 【详解】考查must问句的回答。句意：——我必须今天完成报告吗？——不，你不必。你可以下周一交。A选项needn't，needn't回答must开头的问句表不必；B选项mustn't，mustn't表示禁止不可以；C选项can't，can't表示不可能；D选项shouldn't，shouldn't表示不应该。must引导一般疑问句否定回答用needn't或don't have to。故选A。 21. You _____ drive after drinking. It's against the law and very dangerous. A. needn't B. couldn't C. mustn't D. wouldn't 【答案】C 【详解】考查mustn't表示禁止。句意：你酒后不准开车。这是违法的而且非常危险。A选项needn't表示不必；B选项couldn't表示不可能；C选项mustn't表示禁止不准；D选项wouldn't表示不愿意。mustn't意为禁止不准做某事酒后驾车是法律禁止的。故选C。 22. The boy is only five, but he _____ already read many simple words. A. can B. must C. may D. need 【答案】A 【详解】考查情态动词can的能力用法。句意：那个男孩才五岁，但他已经能读很多简单的单词了。A选项can表示能力能够；B选项must表示推测；C选项may表示可能；D选项need表示需要。can表示能力意为能够做某事。故选A。 23. —_____ I use your dictionary for a moment? —Of course. Here you are. A. Must B. May C. Should D. Need 【答案】B 【详解】考查May表示请求许可。句意：——我可以用一下你的词典吗？——当然可以。给你。A选项Must，Must表示必须；B选项May，May表示请求允许可以；C选项Should，Should表示应该；D选项Need，Need表示需要。May I...?是请求对方允许的礼貌表达意为我可以……吗？故选B。 24. The weather is very nice today. You _____ take an umbrella with you. A. mustn't B. needn't C. can't D. shouldn't 【答案】B 【详解】考查needn't表示不必。句意：今天天气很好。你不必带伞。A选项mustn't表示禁止不符合；B选项needn't表示不必不需要；C选项can't表示不可能不符合；D选项shouldn't表示不应当。天气好不需要带伞needn't表示不必做某事。故选B。 25. Students _____ obey the school rules at all times during the semester. A. might B. would C. could D. should 【答案】D 【详解】考查should表示应当。句意：学生在学期期间应当时刻遵守学校的规章制度。A选项might表示可能语气弱；B选项would表示意愿；C选项could表示可以；D选项should表示应当建议。should表示义务或建议意为应当做某事。故选D。 26. He _____ rather stay at home reading than go to the noisy party tonight. A. had B. should C. could D. would 【答案】D 【详解】考查would rather...than...的固定搭配。句意：他今晚宁愿待在家里读书也不愿去参加那个吵闹的聚会。A选项had，had rather非标准表达；B选项should不合搭配；C选项could不合搭配；D选项would，would rather do than do，固定句型。would rather do than do意为宁愿做……而不愿做……。故选D。 27. She spent the whole afternoon _____ her room clean and tidy. A. to make B. make C. making D. made 【答案】C 【详解】考查spend time doing的固定搭配。句意：她花了整个下午把房间收拾得干净整洁。A选项to make，spend，不接to do；B选项make，spend不接原形；C选项making，spend time doing sth.固定搭配；D选项made，spend不接过去分词。spend+时间+(in) doing sth.意为花费时间做某事。故选C。 28. We expect him _____ the first prize in the writing competition. A. winning B. to win C. win D. won 【答案】B 【详解】考查expect sb. to do的固定搭配。句意：我们期待他在写作比赛中获得第一名。A选项winning，expect不接动名词作宾补；B选项to win，expect sb. to do固定搭配；C选项win，expect不接不带to的不定式；D选项won，expect不接过去式。expect sb. to do sth.意为期待某人做某事用不定式。故选B。 29. The book is interesting and is well worth _____ a second time. A. to read B. read C. reading D. being read 【答案】C 【详解】考查worth doing的固定搭配。句意：这本书很有趣，很值得再读一遍。A选项to read，worth不接不定式；B选项read，动词原形不符合；C选项reading，worth后接动名词主动表被动；D选项being read，being read不符合worth用法。be worth doing中动名词主动形式表示被动含义。故选C。 30. I find it hard _____ a foreign language well without a good environment. A. learning B. learn C. learned D. to learn 【答案】D 【详解】考查find it+adj.+to do的固定句型。句意：我发现没有一个良好的环境很难学好一门外语。A选项learning，动名词不符合find it结构；B选项learn，动词原形不符合；C选项learned，过去式不符合；D选项to learn，find it+adj.+to do句型。find it+形容词+to do sth.意为发现做某事是……的。故选D。 31. He was heard _____ to himself when he walked out of the office. A. sing B. sang C. to sing D. sung 【答案】C 【详解】考查hear sb. do的被动语态恢复to。句意：有人听见他走出办公室时在自言自语地哼唱。A选项sing，主动语态中hear sb. do不带to；B选项sang，过去式不符合；C选项to sing，hear的被动语态后接带to的不定式；D选项sung，过去分词不符合。hear sb. do变为被动语态时须恢复to即be heard to do。故选C。 32. The new machine is designed _____ the production speed greatly. A. increasing B. increase C. increased D. to increase 【答案】D 【详解】考查be designed to do的固定搭配。句意：这台新机器被设计用来大幅提高生产速度。A选项increasing，designed不接动名词；B选项increase，designed不接动词原形；C选项increased，过去分词不符合；D选项to increase，be designed to do固定搭配。be designed to do sth.意为被设计用来做某事。故选D。 33. He insisted on _____ to the concert alone without any company. A. go B. to go C. going D. gone 【答案】C 【详解】考查insist on doing的固定搭配。句意：他坚持要独自一个人去听音乐会。A选项go，insist on后不接原形；B选项to go，insist on后不接不定式；C选项going，insist on doing是固定搭配；D选项gone，insist on后不接过去式。insist on doing sth.意为坚持要做某事on是介词后接动名词。故选C。 34. She preferred _____ at home rather than go shopping in such hot weather. A. staying B. stay C. stayed D. to stay 【答案】D 【详解】考查prefer to do rather than do的固定搭配。句意：这么热的天她宁愿待在家里也不愿去购物。A选项staying，prefer doing不能与rather than do搭配；B选项stay，原形不符合；C选项stayed，过去式不符合；D选项to stay，prefer to do rather than do，固定句型。prefer to do rather than do意为宁愿做前者而不愿做后者。故选D。 35. We had no choice but _____ the difficult situation bravely. A. to face B. face C. facing D. faced 【答案】A 【详解】考查have no choice but to do的固定搭配。句意：我们别无选择只好勇敢地面对困难的局面。A选项to face，have no choice but to do固定句型；B选项face，but后缺少to；C选项facing，but后不接动名词；D选项faced，but后不接过去式。have no choice but to do意为别无选择只好做某事。故选A。 36. His parents don't allow him _____ out late on school nights. A. staying B. stay C. to stay D. stayed 【答案】C 【详解】考查allow sb. to do的固定搭配。句意：他父母不允许他在上学日的晚上在外面待到很晚。A选项staying，allow不接动名词作宾补；B选项stay，allow不接不带to的不定式；C选项to stay，allow sb. to do固定搭配；D选项stayed，allow不接过去式。allow sb. to do sth.意为允许某人做某事。故选C。 37. You _____ worry about Tom. He is old enough to take care of himself. A. needn't B. mustn't C. can't D. shouldn't 【答案】A 【详解】考查needn't表示不必要。句意：你不必担心汤姆。他足够大了能照顾好自己。A选项needn't表示不必担心；B选项mustn't表示禁止与句意不符；C选项can't表示不可能与句意不符；D选项shouldn't表示不应当。needn't意为不必与后文他有能力照顾自己相呼应。故选A。 38. He can't avoid _____ mistakes when he learns a new language. A. to make B. make C. made D. making 【答案】D 【详解】考查avoid doing的固定搭配。句意：他在学习一门新语言时难免会犯错误。A选项to make，avoid后不接不定式；B选项make，avoid后不接动词原形；C选项made，avoid后不接过去分词；D选项making，avoid后接动名词作宾语。avoid doing sth.意为避免做某事后接动名词。故选D。 39. It is no use _____ about the past. We should look forward to the future. A. to complain B. complain C. complained D. complaining 【答案】D 【详解】考查It is no use doing的固定句型。句意：抱怨过去是没有用的。我们应该展望未来。A选项to complain，不定式不用于此句型；B选项complain，动词原形不符合；C选项complained，过去式不符合；D选项complaining，It is no use doing，固定句型。It is no use doing sth.意为做某事是没有用的。故选D。 40. The doctor suggested that he _____ less meat and more vegetables every day. A. eats B. eat C. eating D. to eat 【答案】B 【详解】考查suggest的虚拟语气。句意：医生建议他每天少吃肉多吃蔬菜。A选项eats，时态不符；B选项eat，suggest that sb. (should) do虚拟语气；C选项eating，动名词不符合；D选项to eat，不定式不符合。suggest的宾语从句用虚拟语气should+动词原形should可省略。故选B。 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！ 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $