Unit 3 Space exploration（单元同步写作讲义）英语新教材沪教版五四学制九年级下册

本讲义聚焦“太空探索”主题的观点议论文写作，系统构建学习支架，涵盖分类词汇（宇宙航天基础名词、技术短语等）、功能句式（开头引入、正反观点阐述、结尾总结句）及逻辑连接词，结合佳句仿写、范例赏析与实战演练，形成从语言输入到写作输出的完整训练脉络。 该资料以核心素养为设计核心，通过分类词汇与句式积累提升语言能力，正反观点分析培养辩证思维品质，融入中国航天成就（如神舟、玉兔）增强文化意识。课中辅助教师高效教学，课后提供多样化写作任务，助力学生巩固技能，查漏补缺。

Unit 3 Space exploration单元同步写作讲义 本单元的主题属于“人与自然、人与科学”范畴，涉及“宇宙奥秘、航天探索、航天科技与太空旅游”。 该单元旨在引导学生认识浩瀚宇宙与太阳系行星知识，了解中外航天设备、探月探火工程与航天英雄事迹，理性看待太空探索的价值与争议，树立崇尚科学、勇于探索的科学精神。通过学习天文科普、月球火星探测器对话、航天新闻议论文，学会客观正反两面分析观点。本单元核心写作为观点议论文（My attitude towards space tourism），先呈现正反两种看法，再亮出自身立场，分论点阐述太空旅游 / 航天探索的利弊，最后提出理性展望。这类写作能够锻炼辩证思考能力，培养尊重科技、兼顾地球现实、心怀星辰大海的格局，塑造热爱科学、理性思辨、勇于追梦的优良品格。 词汇积累 1 / 1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 1. 宇宙航天基础名词 universe 宇宙；solar system 太阳系；planet 行星；star 恒星；moon rover 月球车 Mars rover 火星车；taikonaut 中国航天员；astronaut 宇航员；spacecraft 航天器 relay satellite 中继卫星；telescope 天文望远镜；space tourism 太空旅游；space exploration 太空探索 2. 航天挑战与技术短语 communication delay 通讯延迟；dust storm 沙尘暴；solar panel 太阳能板 thermal control 温控系统；orbit 轨道；launch 发射；manned mission 载人任务 scientific research 科学探测；space waste 太空垃圾 3. 太空探索价值类短语 develop new energy 开发新能源；find new home for humans 寻找人类新家园 bring changes to daily life 改变日常生活；solve energy shortage 缓解能源短缺 make scientific breakthroughs 取得科技突破；inherit exploring spirit 传承探索精神 4. 正反观点专用词汇 waste money 浪费资金；cost billions 耗资数十亿；pollute space 污染太空 only for rich people 仅供富人享受；of great importance 意义重大 benefit mankind 造福全人类；practical civilian inventions 实用民用发明 broaden human horizons 拓宽人类视野 5. 议论文逻辑连接词 However 然而；Firstly 首先；In addition 此外；On the one hand 一方面 On the other hand 另一方面；In short / All in all 总而言之；While 尽管 句式积累 开头句： 1.Countries around the world are spending billions on space tourism, and people hold different opinions about it. 世界各国投入巨资发展太空旅游，人们对此持有截然不同的看法。 2.Nowadays, space travel is no longer just a dream, so heated discussions have appeared online. 如今太空旅行不再只是幻想，网络上也掀起激烈讨论。 3.Some people think exploring space is a waste of money, while I hold the opposite opinion. 一部分人认为探索太空纯属浪费资金，而我持相反观点。 中间句： ①反面观点（反对太空探索的理由） 1.Huge amounts of money are spent on space travel, which could be used to solve earth’s problems like hunger and pollution. 巨额资金投入太空旅行，这笔钱本可以用来解决饥饿、污染等地球难题。 2.Rocket launches produce plenty of pollution and create space rubbish, bringing new trouble to the universe. 火箭发射产生大量污染并制造太空垃圾，给宇宙带来新负担。 3.Space tourism only serves the wealthy, so ordinary people can never enjoy such a trip. 太空旅游只为富人服务，普通人永远无法体验。 ②正面观点（太空探索的价值，高分被动句居多） 1.Space exploration helps develop new energy sources and find possible new homes for human beings. 太空探索助力开发新能源，为人类寻找潜在新家园。 2.Many daily products such as solar cells were first invented for space research. 太阳能电池等许多日常用品，最初都是为航天研究研发。 3.New technology developed for space will be used in medicine, agriculture and environmental protection. 为航天研发的新技术，将应用于医疗、农业与环保领域。 4.More secrets of the universe will be discovered if we keep carrying out space missions. 只要持续开展航天任务，更多宇宙奥秘将会被揭开。 结尾句： 1.In short, space exploration is of great value as long as we develop it in a green and balanced way. 总而言之，只要绿色均衡发展，太空探索意义非凡。 2.We should keep curious about space and try our best to study science for future exploration. 我们应当保持对宇宙的好奇，努力学习科学，为未来探索蓄力。 3.Space technology not only helps us understand the universe but also improves our daily life. 航天科技不仅帮助我们认识宇宙，更持续改善人类日常生活。 佳句仿写 1. 教材原句：I’ve heard stories about how she followed her dream. 仿写：我听过许多科研人员坚守探索之路的故事。 __________________________________________________________________________________________ 2. 教材原句：What questions will you ask if you are given the chance? 仿写：如果拥有一次太空旅行的机会，你最想探索什么？ __________________________________________________________________________________________ 3. 教材原句：To my great joy, space technology not only provides us with the opportunities to explore space but also has helped people in so many ways. 仿写：令我们十分欣喜的是，科学探索不仅拓宽人类视野，还推动社会不断进步。 __________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】 1. I’ve heard stories about how they stick to exploration. 2. What will you want to explore if you are given the chance to travel into space? 3. To our great joy, scientific exploration not only broadens our horizons but also pushes society forward 典例 2026年5月24日，神舟二十三号载人飞船的成功发射，是我国航天事业的又一重大里程碑。它不仅标志着我国航天业的飞速发展，更让我们对未来的探索和发展充满了期待和信心。假如你校将举办一场主题为“My Space Dream”的英语演讲比赛，请根据下列提示写一篇演讲稿，简单阐述近年来我国航天事业的发展情况并谈谈你为实现航天梦将做何准备。 提示： （1）What do you think of our space industry? （2）What do you think of flying to the moon? （3）What are you going to do? Why? 注意： （1）短文须包括所有提示内容，可适当发挥； （2）短文中不要出现真实的地名、校名和人名； （3）词数80左右。开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。 参考词汇：take exercise，get knowledge Good morning, everyone. I’m glad to stand here to give a speech. ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________审题 ①题材：本文是一篇应用文，为演讲稿； ②时态：时态为“一般现在时”和“一般将来时”； ③提示：根据所给问题提示，介绍自己的航天梦以及为实现航天梦将做何准备，可适当添加细节，并突出写作重点。 谋篇布局 开头 承接开头，介绍近年来中国的航天事业的情况 中间 介绍自己的航天梦，以及为实现它该如何做 结尾 表达自己的决心 佳作展示 Good morning, everyone. I’m glad to stand here to give a speech. As we know, in recent years, China has made great progress in its space industry. We Chinese are all proud of it! Since I was a child, I have been dream of becoming an astronaut, because flying into the moon is so cool. I know becoming an astronaut is not easy, but I will try my best to achieve it. So I am going to study hard and get more knowledge about space. What’s more, I plan to take more exercise to get a strong body. As the saying goes, “Where there is a will, there is a way.” I strongly believe that as long as I keep on trying, my dream will come true one day. Thanks for your listening! 佳作赏析 亮点词汇： ①make great progress in...在某方面取得巨大的进步 ②be proud of以……为傲 ③try my best to do sth竭尽全力做某事 ④keep on doing继续做某事 高分句型： ①Since I was a child, I have been dream of becoming an astronaut, because flying into the moon is so cool. (since引导的时间状语从句；because引导的原因状语从句) ②Where there is a will, there is a way.(名言警句) ③I strongly believe that as long as I keep on trying, my dream will come true one day.(that引导的宾语从句；as long as引导的条件状语从句) （一） 假设你是李华，学校将举办”未来太空”英文演讲比赛。请你用英语写一篇不少于80词的演讲稿。内容需包括： ● 未来50年太空探索的可能发展（至少2点，用will be done表达被动）； ● 这些发展对人类的好处（至少2点，用because/so that说明原因）； ● 你对太空探索的看法（用感叹句或I believe that...）； ● 你的期待。 要求：语句通顺，被动语态使用正确，书写工整，可适当发挥。 ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】 例文 Hello everyone! I’m Li Hua. Let me talk about the future of space. In the next 50 years, more space stations will be built. Besides, long trips to Mars will be carried out by scientists. These developments help humans a lot. We can find new resources in space so that we can solve the problem of resource shortage on Earth. We will learn more about the universe because space research can bring new scientific discoveries. I believe that space exploration will change our world greatly! I hope we can work together to make more space dreams come true. 【详解】写作步骤 [第一步：审题立意] 确定文体：英文演讲稿；以一般将来时为主 明确要点：未来50年太空发展（至少2点），发展带来的好处（至少2点），个人看法，表达期待 确定人称：第一人称 注意事项：介绍未来发展时使用被动语态will be done，使用because/so that说明原因，表达看法时用感叹句或I believe that... [第二步：构思布局] 三段式结构： 开头段：问候，自我介绍，引出演讲主题 主体段：介绍未来太空探索发展，阐述对人类的好处 结尾段：表达观点，说出期待 [第三步：要点展开] 要点一：未来太空发展 more space stations will be built/long trips to Mars will be carried out/space hotels will be opened/more unknown planets will be studied等 要点二：探索带来的益处 find new resources in space/solve the problem of resource shortage/learn more about the universe/bring new scientific discoveries/look for new homes for humans/push technology forward等 要点三：表达观点 I believe that space exploration will change our world greatly!/How amazing space exploration is!等 要点四：表达期待 work together to make more space dreams come true/look forward to wonderful progress in space exploration等 （二） 假设你们学校英文报正在举办以“My Dream of Exploring Space”为主题的征文活动，请根据以下问题，写一篇英语短文投稿。 1. What’s your dream related to space exploration? 2. Why do you have this dream? 3. What will you do to make it come true? 要求：1. 短文需包含所有问题要点，并适当发挥；2. 词数100左右。 My Dream of Exploring Space ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】例文 My Dream of Exploring Space My dream is to become an astronaut and explore the mysterious universe. I have this dream because I’m deeply attracted by the unknown secrets of space. I wonder whether there is other life in space. Besides, I admire Chinese astronauts who make great achievements in space exploration. To make my dream come true, I’m working hard on science and math at school. I read space books and join the school science club. I know it is a difficult goal, but I will stick to it and never give up. I hope I can see the amazing space scenery in person one day. 【详解】写作步骤 [第一步：审题立意] 确定文体：记叙文，一般现在时为主 明确要点：关于太空探索的梦想是什么，拥有这个梦想的原因，实现梦想的行动 确定人称：第一人称 注意事项：短文需包含所有问题要点，并适当发挥，100词左右 [第二步：构思布局] 三段式结构： 开头段：点明自己关于太空探索的梦想 主体段：解释拥有梦想的原因 结尾段：讲述实现梦想的做法，抒发期许 [第三步：要点展开] 要点一：梦想内容 become an astronaut/explore the mysterious universe/travel in outer space/carry out space research等 要点二：追梦原因 be attracted by unknown secrets of space/admire Chinese astronauts/be curious about stars and planets/hope to discover new things等 要点三：实现梦想的行动 working hard on science and math/read space books/join the school science club/never give up/watch space documentaries/keep learning related knowledge等 要点四：结尾升华 see the amazing space scenery in person/make contributions to space exploration等 （三） 某英文报社正在举办以 “Should We Explore Space?” 为主题的征文活动。请你根据以下要点，用英语写一篇短文，分享你的观点。 要点提示： 1.太空探索的重要性（科学发现、技术进步等）； 2.中国在太空探索方面的一项具体成就（如：天问一号、祝融号、嫦娥工程、天宫空间站等）； 3.你对太空探索未来的看法。 要求： 1.包含所有提示要点，可适当发挥； 2.注意使用本单元核心句型（被动语态、It is hoped/believed/expected that...等）； 3.词数100词左右（开头已给出，不计入总词数）。 参考词汇： exploration 探索；achievement 成就；discovery 发现；technology 技术；cooperate 合作 开头： As the saying goes, “The sky is not the limit.” I strongly believe that space exploration is important for the future of humanity. Here are my thoughts on this topic. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】参考范文： As the saying goes, “The sky is not the limit.” I strongly believe that space exploration is important for the future of humanity. Here are my thoughts on this topic. Space exploration brings new scientific discoveries, and many useful technologies are developed during space research, improving our daily life greatly. A great Chinese achievement is Tiangong Space Station. Lots of space experiments are carried out inside it successfully. It is hoped that all countries will cooperate closely in space exploration. I’m convinced that we will know more about space and make greater progress in the future. In conclusion, space exploration is not only about going to space—it is about pushing the limits of what humans can achieve and dreaming of a better future for all of us. 【详解】写作步骤 [第一步：审题立意] ‌确定文体‌：议论文，一般现在时和一般将来时为主 ‌明确要点‌： 1.太空探索的重要性（科学发现、技术进步等） 2.中国在太空探索方面的具体成就（如：天问一号、祝融号、嫦娥工程、天宫空间站等） 3.对太空探索未来的看法 ‌确定人称‌：第一人称（I/we） ‌注意事项‌：包含所有提示要点，可适当发挥，注意使用本单元核心句型（被动语态、It is hoped/believed/expected that...等）；词数100词左右（开头已给出，不计入总词数） [第二步：构思布局] ‌三段式结构‌： ‌开头段‌：通过引言引出主题，表明自己认为太空探索对人类未来很重要的观点 ‌主体段‌：阐述太空探索的重要性，举例说明中国在太空探索方面的成就 ‌结尾段‌：对未来太空探索进行展望，总结太空探索的意义 [第三步：要点展开] 要点一：太空探索的重要性make new scientific discoveries/unlock the secrets of universe/space technologies are developed/improve daily life/by studying other planets and stars/learn more about the origin of the universe and our place in it/improved our daily lives/from satellite communication to medical advances/brings new scientific discoveries/improving our daily life greatly等 要点二：中国航天具体成就The Tianwen-1 mission/launched in 2020/landed the Zhurong rover on Mars/China’s first independent Mars mission/achieved three goals in one mission/orbiting, landing, and roving/show the world China’s growing capabilities in space technology/carried out inside it successfully等 要点三：太空探索未来展望It is expected that/It is hoped that/more amazing finds will be made/more exciting discoveries will be made/be sent to the Tiangong space station/explore even deeper into the universe/will be able to set foot on Mars/know more about space/make greater progress in the future等 （四） 你校英文社团发起了“与航天员对话”的主题活动。假如你是李华，有机会通过视频通话与自己最喜爱的航天员实时交流，请你在社团公众号写一篇英文留言，说说你想要参加这次视频通话的缘由，分享你对空间站或航天员太空生活的了解，并写下你最想问这位航天员的问题。 提示词语：admire, dream, exercise, float, wonder, explore 提示问题： ●Why do you want to join this video call? ●What do you know about life on the space station? ●What is your first question for the astronaut? ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】 例文 I’m Li Hua, and I’d love to join in this video call because I truly admire astronauts. Exploring space has always been my dream. I know that on the space station, astronauts often float due to microgravity. They exercise every day to stay healthy. It must be amazing to live and work there! My first question is: What does Earth look like from space, and how does that view make you feel about our planet? 【详解】[总体分析] ①题材：本文是一篇材料作文； ②时态：时态主要为“一般现在时”； ③提示：写作要点已明确给出，包括参加视频通话的缘由、对空间站或航天员太空生活的了解以及最想问航天员的问题。考生应注意不要遗漏这些要点，并适当添加细节，突出个人对太空探索的热情和对航天员的敬仰。 [写作步骤] 第一步，表明写作意图。例文中通过“I’m Li Hua, and I’d love to join in this video call because I truly admire astronauts. Exploring space has always been my dream.”表明了李华想要参加视频通话的强烈愿望，并引出了对太空探索的梦想，为后文铺垫; 第二步，具体阐述写作内容。例文中从“I know that on the space station, astronauts often float due to microgravity. They exercise every day to stay healthy.”两个方面介绍了对空间站生活的了解，包括航天员在微重力环境下的漂浮状态和日常锻炼习惯，突出了太空生活的特殊性和航天员的自律性; 第三步，书写结语。例文中通过提问“My first question is: What does Earth look like from space, and how does that view make you feel about our planet?”结束了留言，既表达了对航天员的敬仰和好奇，又巧妙地引导了读者对太空探索的思考，同时体现了“希望与航天员交流”的隐含愿望。 [亮点词汇] ①admire敬仰，钦佩 ②explore探索 ③microgravity微重力 ④float漂浮 [高分句型] ①I’m Li Hua, and I’d love to join in this video call because I truly admire astronauts. Exploring space has always been my dream.（原因状语从句） ②I know that on the space station, astronauts often float due to microgravity.（宾语从句） （五） 假设你是中国宇航员李华，正在中国太空站执行任务。联合国教科文组织邀请你与全球青少年视频连线，介绍你在太空站中一天的工作与生活，并分享你的感受。请你结合以下提示，写一篇英文发言稿。词数80词左右。 注意事项： 1. 必须包含所有提示信息，可适当发挥，开头结尾已给出，不计入词数； 2. 意思清楚，表达通顺，行文连贯，书写规范； 3. 请勿在文中使用真实的姓名、校名和地名。 4. 提示词语： experiment实验 Dear young friends, I am Li Hua, an astronaut from China. I am so glad to meet all of you here today. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Thank you! 【答案】例文 Dear young friends, I am Li Hua, an astronaut from China. I am so glad to meet all of you here today. Let me share my daily life on the space station. In the morning, I exercise with special machines to stay healthy. Eating in space is interesting! Our food comes in special bags, and we need to hold them tightly to avoid floating away. Sleeping here is fun, too. I sleep in a sleeping bag tied to the wall! During work hours, I do experiments and sometimes go for spacewalks. It feels like flying! After work, I read books or talk with my family through video calls. Though I miss the Earth, the view of stars outside is amazing. My life here is busy but meaningful. I feel proud to be part of this journey. Thank you! 【详解】[总体分析] ①题材：本文是一篇讲稿； ②时态：时态为“一般现在时”； ③提示：写作要点已给出，根据提示信息写作，可适当增加细节，突出写作要点。 [写作步骤] 第一步，引出话题； 第二步，根据提示信息介绍在太空站的一天； 第三步，分享感受。 [亮点词汇] ①stay healthy保持健康 ②avoid doing sth.避免做某事 ③talk with和……交谈 [高分句型] ①Though I miss the Earth, the view of stars outside is amazing. (though引导的让步状语从句) （六） 2019年，“玉兔二号”月球车在月球表面留下了月饼形状的图案，引发了广泛关注，2026年，它仍坚守岗位。你所在班级就“太空探索是否值得”进行了讨论。请根据下表信息，用英语写一篇演讲稿，介绍讨论情况并表达你的个人观点。 观点 理由 30%反对 1.离我们的生活遥远 2.投入成本高 70%赞同 1.探索宇宙的奥秘 2.有助于科技进步 你的观点 …… 注意： (1)词数100左右； (2)可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。 参考词汇：月球车lunar rover Is Space Exploration Worth It? Hello, everyone! _________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】例文： Is Space Exploration Worth It? Hello, everyone! In 2019, “Yutu-2” lunar rover left a mooncake-shaped pattern on the moon, which attracted wide attention. So far, it has been working for seven years. In our class, we had a discussion about whether space exploration is worth it. Thirty percent of my classmates are against it. They think space is too far away from our daily life and the cost is too high. However, seventy percent, including me, support it. We believe exploring the mysteries of the universe is exciting and it helps push scientific and technological progress. Personally, I think space exploration is valuable. It broadens our horizons and may bring benefits to humanity in the future. So, let’s keep exploring! 【详解】[总体分析] ①题材：本文是一篇演讲稿； ②时态：时态主要为“一般现在时”； ③提示：写作要点已明确给出，包括两方观点（反对与赞同）及其理由，以及个人观点。考生应确保覆盖所有要点，并适当添加细节来支持各自的观点，同时清晰表达个人的立场。 [写作步骤] 第一步，引出话题。通过“Hello, everyone!”开场，并提出讨论的主题“Is Space Exploration Worth It?”； 第二步，介绍讨论情况。先介绍反对方的观点（30%反对）及其理由（离我们的生活遥远、投入成本高），然后介绍赞同方的观点（70%赞同）及其理由（探索宇宙的奥秘、有助于科技进步）； 第三步，表达个人观点。在介绍了两方的观点后，明确提出自己的看法，并给出相应的理由或支持点。 [亮点词汇] ①lunar rover 月球车 ②mooncake-shaped pattern 月饼形状的图案 ③space exploration 太空探索 ④be against 反对 ⑤scientific and technological progress 科技进步 [高分句型] ①In 2019, “Yutu-2” lunar rover left a mooncake-shaped pattern on the moon, which attracted wide attention.（非限制性定语从句） ②Thirty percent of my classmates are against it, while seventy percent, including me, support it.（while表示对比，连接两个并列的句子） ③We believe exploring the mysteries of the universe is exciting and it helps push scientific and technological progress.（动名词作主语） （七） 太空是浩瀚的、神秘的。人类对宇宙一直不断地探索，请根据你所学的太空知识，描述一下你心目中的宇宙。再结合你自己的感想，向同学们说说你未来的打算。可适当发挥。内容包括： (1) universe, galaxy, solar system, earth, moon; (2) scientists, do research about, Chinese space station; (3) astronaut, in the future. 作文要求： (1)不能照抄原文；不得在作文中出现学校的真实名称和考生的真实姓名。 (2)语句连贯，词数80个左右。作文的开头已经给出，不计入总词数。 Hello, everybody! It’s my turn to tell you something about the space. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】例文： Hello, everybody! It’s my turn to tell you something about the space. As you know, the universe is very large. There are many galaxies in the universe. For example, the galaxy has billions of stars. The sun is one of them in the solar system. The earth goes round the sun and the moon goes round the earth. So far, scientists have done a lot of research about space. Especially, our Chinese astronauts have been to the space many times. We have built a great space station. Now, they are working in our own space station. I am very proud of our country. So I will study hard. I will be an astronaut in the future. What about you? Thanks. 【详解】[总体分析] ① 题材：本文是一篇材料作文； ② 时态：时态为“一般现在时”和“现在完成时”； ③ 提示：文章的要点是通过关键词的形式给出，因此考生应注意围绕中心和关键词来对要点进行拓展，并符合逻辑结构，重点突出。 [写作步骤] 第一步，表明写作意图，可用“轮到我来给你讲一下太空”来引出主题，即关于宇宙的介绍； 第二步，围绕关键词串联起科学家所做的事情，注意此处文章时态可以“现在完成时”为主； 第三步，结尾总结，表明自己想成为宇航员的意原，去探索宇宙。 [亮点词汇] ① billions of上十亿的 ② one of其中之一 ③ so far到目前为止 ④ be proud of为……自豪 [高分句型] ① It’s my turn to tell you something about the space.（it’s ones turn to do sth表示轮到某人做某事） ② The earth goes round the sun and the moon goes round the earth.（并列连词and连接的两个并列句子） （八） 中国航天日（Space Day of China），为纪念中国航天事业取得的成就、向宇航员致敬，学校英语社团组织大家用英文写信给他们，请根据以下提示，完成书信。90词左右，开头和结尾已经给出，不计入总词数。 1. 为他们对太空事业做出的贡献感到骄傲； 2. 询问太空站（space station）上生活和工作的情况（至少两点）； 3. 对天宫课堂（Tiangong Class）非常期待，希望学习到更多的航天知识； 4. 表达关心，祝愿他们顺利返航（return to Earth）、安全着陆（land v.）。 Dear astronauts, I am writing to you with great excitement. _____________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours faithfully, Li Hua 【答案】范文： Dear astronauts, I am writing to you with great excitement. I am proud of your remarkable accomplishments made in China’s space expeditions. With my curiosity about your life and work in Tiangong space station, I am writing to enquire about your current situation. Have you adapted to the weightless environment? If you miss your family, is it possible for you to make video calls on a regular basis. Additionally, I am looking forward to “Tiangong Class”. I hope we can learn a lot about the knowledge of space by it. Wish you a successful mission and a comfortable journey! We all hope you will return to Earth smoothly and land safe and sound. Yours faithfully, Li Hua 【详解】1. 题干解读：题目要求给宇航员们写一封信；要求包含所有提示内容。 2. 写作指导：此作文时态以一般现在时为主，穿插使用其他时态；采用第一人称和第二人称口吻；可采用2段落格式，第一段：阐述对宇航员的尊敬、对太空生活的好奇以及对天宫课堂的期待；第二段：表达关心和祝愿。 1 / 1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ Unit 3 Space exploration单元同步写作讲义 本单元的主题属于“人与自然、人与科学”范畴，涉及“宇宙奥秘、航天探索、航天科技与太空旅游”。 该单元旨在引导学生认识浩瀚宇宙与太阳系行星知识，了解中外航天设备、探月探火工程与航天英雄事迹，理性看待太空探索的价值与争议，树立崇尚科学、勇于探索的科学精神。通过学习天文科普、月球火星探测器对话、航天新闻议论文，学会客观正反两面分析观点。本单元核心写作为观点议论文（My attitude towards space tourism），先呈现正反两种看法，再亮出自身立场，分论点阐述太空旅游 / 航天探索的利弊，最后提出理性展望。这类写作能够锻炼辩证思考能力，培养尊重科技、兼顾地球现实、心怀星辰大海的格局，塑造热爱科学、理性思辨、勇于追梦的优良品格。 词汇积累 1 / 1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 1. 宇宙航天基础名词 universe 宇宙；solar system 太阳系；planet 行星；star 恒星；moon rover 月球车 Mars rover 火星车；taikonaut 中国航天员；astronaut 宇航员；spacecraft 航天器 relay satellite 中继卫星；telescope 天文望远镜；space tourism 太空旅游；space exploration 太空探索 2. 航天挑战与技术短语 communication delay 通讯延迟；dust storm 沙尘暴；solar panel 太阳能板 thermal control 温控系统；orbit 轨道；launch 发射；manned mission 载人任务 scientific research 科学探测；space waste 太空垃圾 3. 太空探索价值类短语 develop new energy 开发新能源；find new home for humans 寻找人类新家园 bring changes to daily life 改变日常生活；solve energy shortage 缓解能源短缺 make scientific breakthroughs 取得科技突破；inherit exploring spirit 传承探索精神 4. 正反观点专用词汇 waste money 浪费资金；cost billions 耗资数十亿；pollute space 污染太空 only for rich people 仅供富人享受；of great importance 意义重大 benefit mankind 造福全人类；practical civilian inventions 实用民用发明 broaden human horizons 拓宽人类视野 5. 议论文逻辑连接词 However 然而；Firstly 首先；In addition 此外；On the one hand 一方面 On the other hand 另一方面；In short / All in all 总而言之；While 尽管 句式积累 开头句： 1.Countries around the world are spending billions on space tourism, and people hold different opinions about it. 世界各国投入巨资发展太空旅游，人们对此持有截然不同的看法。 2.Nowadays, space travel is no longer just a dream, so heated discussions have appeared online. 如今太空旅行不再只是幻想，网络上也掀起激烈讨论。 3.Some people think exploring space is a waste of money, while I hold the opposite opinion. 一部分人认为探索太空纯属浪费资金，而我持相反观点。 中间句： ①反面观点（反对太空探索的理由） 1.Huge amounts of money are spent on space travel, which could be used to solve earth’s problems like hunger and pollution. 巨额资金投入太空旅行，这笔钱本可以用来解决饥饿、污染等地球难题。 2.Rocket launches produce plenty of pollution and create space rubbish, bringing new trouble to the universe. 火箭发射产生大量污染并制造太空垃圾，给宇宙带来新负担。 3.Space tourism only serves the wealthy, so ordinary people can never enjoy such a trip. 太空旅游只为富人服务，普通人永远无法体验。 ②正面观点（太空探索的价值，高分被动句居多） 1.Space exploration helps develop new energy sources and find possible new homes for human beings. 太空探索助力开发新能源，为人类寻找潜在新家园。 2.Many daily products such as solar cells were first invented for space research. 太阳能电池等许多日常用品，最初都是为航天研究研发。 3.New technology developed for space will be used in medicine, agriculture and environmental protection. 为航天研发的新技术，将应用于医疗、农业与环保领域。 4.More secrets of the universe will be discovered if we keep carrying out space missions. 只要持续开展航天任务，更多宇宙奥秘将会被揭开。 结尾句： 1.In short, space exploration is of great value as long as we develop it in a green and balanced way. 总而言之，只要绿色均衡发展，太空探索意义非凡。 2.We should keep curious about space and try our best to study science for future exploration. 我们应当保持对宇宙的好奇，努力学习科学，为未来探索蓄力。 3.Space technology not only helps us understand the universe but also improves our daily life. 航天科技不仅帮助我们认识宇宙，更持续改善人类日常生活。 佳句仿写 1. 教材原句：I’ve heard stories about how she followed her dream. 仿写：我听过许多科研人员坚守探索之路的故事。 __________________________________________________________________________________________ 2. 教材原句：What questions will you ask if you are given the chance? 仿写：如果拥有一次太空旅行的机会，你最想探索什么？ __________________________________________________________________________________________ 3. 教材原句：To my great joy, space technology not only provides us with the opportunities to explore space but also has helped people in so many ways. 仿写：令我们十分欣喜的是，科学探索不仅拓宽人类视野，还推动社会不断进步。 __________________________________________________________________________________________ 典例 2026年5月24日，神舟二十三号载人飞船的成功发射，是我国航天事业的又一重大里程碑。它不仅标志着我国航天业的飞速发展，更让我们对未来的探索和发展充满了期待和信心。假如你校将举办一场主题为“My Space Dream”的英语演讲比赛，请根据下列提示写一篇演讲稿，简单阐述近年来我国航天事业的发展情况并谈谈你为实现航天梦将做何准备。 提示： （1）What do you think of our space industry? （2）What do you think of flying to the moon? （3）What are you going to do? Why? 注意： （1）短文须包括所有提示内容，可适当发挥； （2）短文中不要出现真实的地名、校名和人名； （3）词数80左右。开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。 参考词汇：take exercise，get knowledge Good morning, everyone. I’m glad to stand here to give a speech. ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________审题 ①题材：本文是一篇应用文，为演讲稿； ②时态：时态为“一般现在时”和“一般将来时”； ③提示：根据所给问题提示，介绍自己的航天梦以及为实现航天梦将做何准备，可适当添加细节，并突出写作重点。 谋篇布局 开头 承接开头，介绍近年来中国的航天事业的情况 中间 介绍自己的航天梦，以及为实现它该如何做 结尾 表达自己的决心 佳作展示 Good morning, everyone. I’m glad to stand here to give a speech. As we know, in recent years, China has made great progress in its space industry. We Chinese are all proud of it! Since I was a child, I have been dream of becoming an astronaut, because flying into the moon is so cool. I know becoming an astronaut is not easy, but I will try my best to achieve it. So I am going to study hard and get more knowledge about space. What’s more, I plan to take more exercise to get a strong body. As the saying goes, “Where there is a will, there is a way.” I strongly believe that as long as I keep on trying, my dream will come true one day. Thanks for your listening! 佳作赏析 亮点词汇： ①make great progress in...在某方面取得巨大的进步 ②be proud of以……为傲 ③try my best to do sth竭尽全力做某事 ④keep on doing继续做某事 高分句型： ①Since I was a child, I have been dream of becoming an astronaut, because flying into the moon is so cool. (since引导的时间状语从句；because引导的原因状语从句) ②Where there is a will, there is a way.(名言警句) ③I strongly believe that as long as I keep on trying, my dream will come true one day.(that引导的宾语从句；as long as引导的条件状语从句) （一） 假设你是李华，学校将举办”未来太空”英文演讲比赛。请你用英语写一篇不少于80词的演讲稿。内容需包括： ● 未来50年太空探索的可能发展（至少2点，用will be done表达被动）； ● 这些发展对人类的好处（至少2点，用because/so that说明原因）； ● 你对太空探索的看法（用感叹句或I believe that...）； ● 你的期待。 要求：语句通顺，被动语态使用正确，书写工整，可适当发挥。 ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ （二） 假设你们学校英文报正在举办以“My Dream of Exploring Space”为主题的征文活动，请根据以下问题，写一篇英语短文投稿。 1. What’s your dream related to space exploration? 2. Why do you have this dream? 3. What will you do to make it come true? 要求：1. 短文需包含所有问题要点，并适当发挥；2. 词数100左右。 My Dream of Exploring Space ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ （三） 某英文报社正在举办以 “Should We Explore Space?” 为主题的征文活动。请你根据以下要点，用英语写一篇短文，分享你的观点。 要点提示： 1.太空探索的重要性（科学发现、技术进步等）； 2.中国在太空探索方面的一项具体成就（如：天问一号、祝融号、嫦娥工程、天宫空间站等）； 3.你对太空探索未来的看法。 要求： 1.包含所有提示要点，可适当发挥； 2.注意使用本单元核心句型（被动语态、It is hoped/believed/expected that...等）； 3.词数100词左右（开头已给出，不计入总词数）。 参考词汇： exploration 探索；achievement 成就；discovery 发现；technology 技术；cooperate 合作 开头： As the saying goes, “The sky is not the limit.” I strongly believe that space exploration is important for the future of humanity. Here are my thoughts on this topic. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ （四） 你校英文社团发起了“与航天员对话”的主题活动。假如你是李华，有机会通过视频通话与自己最喜爱的航天员实时交流，请你在社团公众号写一篇英文留言，说说你想要参加这次视频通话的缘由，分享你对空间站或航天员太空生活的了解，并写下你最想问这位航天员的问题。 提示词语：admire, dream, exercise, float, wonder, explore 提示问题： ●Why do you want to join this video call? ●What do you know about life on the space station? ●What is your first question for the astronaut? ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ （五） 假设你是中国宇航员李华，正在中国太空站执行任务。联合国教科文组织邀请你与全球青少年视频连线，介绍你在太空站中一天的工作与生活，并分享你的感受。请你结合以下提示，写一篇英文发言稿。词数80词左右。 注意事项： 1. 必须包含所有提示信息，可适当发挥，开头结尾已给出，不计入词数； 2. 意思清楚，表达通顺，行文连贯，书写规范； 3. 请勿在文中使用真实的姓名、校名和地名。 4. 提示词语： experiment实验 Dear young friends, I am Li Hua, an astronaut from China. I am so glad to meet all of you here today. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Thank you! （六） 2019年，“玉兔二号”月球车在月球表面留下了月饼形状的图案，引发了广泛关注，2026年，它仍坚守岗位。你所在班级就“太空探索是否值得”进行了讨论。请根据下表信息，用英语写一篇演讲稿，介绍讨论情况并表达你的个人观点。 观点 理由 30%反对 1.离我们的生活遥远 2.投入成本高 70%赞同 1.探索宇宙的奥秘 2.有助于科技进步 你的观点 …… 注意： (1)词数100左右； (2)可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。 参考词汇：月球车lunar rover Is Space Exploration Worth It? Hello, everyone! _________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ （七） 太空是浩瀚的、神秘的。人类对宇宙一直不断地探索，请根据你所学的太空知识，描述一下你心目中的宇宙。再结合你自己的感想，向同学们说说你未来的打算。可适当发挥。内容包括： (1) universe, galaxy, solar system, earth, moon; (2) scientists, do research about, Chinese space station; (3) astronaut, in the future. 作文要求： (1)不能照抄原文；不得在作文中出现学校的真实名称和考生的真实姓名。 (2)语句连贯，词数80个左右。作文的开头已经给出，不计入总词数。 Hello, everybody! It’s my turn to tell you something about the space. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ （八） 中国航天日（Space Day of China），为纪念中国航天事业取得的成就、向宇航员致敬，学校英语社团组织大家用英文写信给他们，请根据以下提示，完成书信。90词左右，开头和结尾已经给出，不计入总词数。 1. 为他们对太空事业做出的贡献感到骄傲； 2. 询问太空站（space station）上生活和工作的情况（至少两点）； 3. 对天宫课堂（Tiangong Class）非常期待，希望学习到更多的航天知识； 4. 表达关心，祝愿他们顺利返航（return to Earth）、安全着陆（land v.）。 Dear astronauts, I am writing to you with great excitement. _____________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours faithfully, Li Hua 1 / 1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $