Unit 1 Section B Vocabulary in use 2a-2c（知识清单）英语新教材人教版九年级上册

该初中英语知识清单围绕“变化的世界”主题，系统梳理Unit 1 Section B 2a-2c核心内容。从必背词汇入手，通过合成法构词拓展词汇量，结合桥、奥运会、塞罕坝等语境讲解词汇用法及语法点，补充高频词汇和易混词辨析，构建从基础到应用的学习支架。 知识链路按“词汇-构词法-语境应用-拓展辨析”逻辑展开，每个考点配中考典型例句和即学即练。通过对比表格明晰易混词差异，培养思维品质，结合真实情境提升语言应用能力，助力学生掌握科学学习方法，提升学习效率。

Unit 1 The Changing World Section B Vocabulary in use 2a-2c核心知识梳理 一、必背词汇 学科网（北京）股份有限公司1 / 11 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 1.铁路（名词）：rail 2.狭窄的（形容词）：narrow 3.村民（名词）：villager 4.奥林匹克运动会（短语）：the Olympics (=the Olympic Games) 5.带领；过（某种生活）（动词，过去式 led）；领先地位；主角（名词）：lead 6.人造的；非天然的（形容词）：man-made 7.奇迹（名词）：miracle 1.铁路（名词）：_______________ 2.狭窄的（形容词）：________________ 3.村民（名词）：______________ 4.奥林匹克运动会（短语）：________________ 5.带领；过（某种生活）（动词，过去式 led）； 领先地位；主角（名词）：________________ 6.人造的；非天然的（形容词）：___________ 7.奇迹（名词）：______________ 二、必会考点 学科网（北京）股份有限公司2 / 11 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 1. 合成法：由两个或两个以上的词合成一个新词，这种构词法称为合成法(compounding)。合成词之间有的要用连字符连接，有的直接连接在一起。 类型 例子 复合名词 bedroom卧室，newspaper报纸，breakfast早餐，blackboard黑板，grandfather(外)祖父，playground操场，bathroom浴室，typewriter打字机，overcoat大衣，afternoon下午，handwriting书法，story­telling讲故事，daybreak破晓，sunrise日出，outbreak爆发，downpour倾盆大雨 复合形容词 worldwide全世界的，homesick想家的，handmade手工制作的，kind­hearted热心肠的，easy­going随和的，good­looking好看的，hard­working勤勉的，well­known著名的，newly­built新建的 复合动词 overcome克服，underline画线，oversleep睡过头，sleepwalk梦游 复合副词 upstairs在楼上，indoors在室内，outdoors在室外，however无论如何 复合代词 anything任何事物， everybody每个人 2.The bridge made it convenient for the villagers to travel across the river to the city.这座桥让村民们渡河去往城市出行变得十分便利。 （1）million num.百万 【知识点拓展】词形变换：millions（复数，仅用于 millions of） 必考固定搭配： ① 数字 + million + 名词复数（不加 s、不加 of） ② millions of + 名词复数 数百万……（模糊数量，必须加 s 和 of） 中考典型例句：More than two million visitors come here every year. （2）more than超过；多于 【知识点拓展】同义替换：over 中考典型例句：He has lived here for more than ten years. （3）use v.使用；乘坐 【知识点拓展】 词形变换：过去式 used；过去分词 used；名词 usage 使用 必考固定搭配：use sth. to do sth. 使用某物做某事 中考典型例句：Many local people use the train for business trips. 【即学即练】 1._______ (million) of visitors take the new railway every year. 2._______ (million) two people travel by this train every single day. 3.Many local businessmen _______ (use) the train for business trips since 2018. 4.There are _______ (more than) five hundred trees planted in Saihanba. 5.Three _______ (million) tourists come to visit the forest every year. 5.People have _______ (use) the bridge to cross the river for many years. 【参考答案】 1.Millions 2.More than 3.have used 4.more than 5.million 6.used 3.Beijing,China's capital hosted the 2008 Summer Olympics and the 2022 Winter Olympics.中国首都北京举办了 2008 年夏季奥林匹克运动会以及 2022 年冬季奥林匹克运动会。 （1）capital n.首都；首府 【知识点拓展】词形变换：capitals (复数) 必考固定搭配：the capital of …… 的首都 / 首府 中考典型例句：Beijing is the capital of China. （2）host v.主办；举办 【知识点拓展】 词形变换：过去式 hosted；过去分词 hosted；名词 host 主人；东道主 必考固定搭配：host the Olympics 举办奥运会 中考典型例句：Our city will host an international sports meeting next year. 【即学即练】 1.Beijing is one of the famous _______ (capital) in the world. 2.Our city will _______ (host) an important sports meeting next year. 3.Many national _______ (capital) are developing very fast nowadays. 4.The city _______ (host) many international events several years ago. 5.Paris, the _______ (capital) of France attracts lots of visitors every year. 6.This big city has _______ (host) many large‑scale activities so far. 【参考答案】 1.capitals 2.host 3.capitals 4.hosted 5.capital 6.hosted 4.Our farm has a lot of laying hens.They feed on corn, vegetables and insects.我们农场有许多产蛋母鸡。它们以玉米、蔬菜和昆虫为食。 （1）farm n.农场 【知识点拓展】词形变换：farmer n. 农民；farmland n. 农田 必考固定搭配：on the farm 在农场 中考典型例句：My uncle works on a big farm in the countryside. （2）laying hens产蛋母鸡 【知识点拓展】 单词 lay v. 下蛋；产卵；过去式 laid；过去分词 laid 中考典型例句：These laying hens can produce many eggs every day. 单词 含义 核心区别 例句 lay v. 下蛋；放置 过去式 laid，过去分词 laid；及物动词 The hen lays one egg every day. lie v. 躺；位于 过去式 lay，过去分词 lain；不及物动词 Cats like to lie on the sofa. （3）feed v.喂养；以…… 为食 【知识点拓展】 词形变换：过去式 fed；过去分词 fed 必考固定搭配：feed on… 以…… 为食；feed …with… 用…… 喂养…… 中考典型例句：She feeds the chickens with rice every morning. 短语 含义 核心区别 例句 feed on 以…… 为食 主语多为动物，表达动物的食性 Rabbits feed on grass. feed …with… 用…… 喂养…… 人为动作，主语是人 I feed the dog with meat. 【即学即练】 1.My uncle runs a big _______ (farm) and he raises many hens there. 2.The hens _______ (lay) many eggs every day on the farm. 3.Farmers _______ (feed) the chickens corn and vegetables in the past. 4.Many _______ (farm) work hard to produce more food for our country. 5.The hen _______ (lay) ten eggs last week. 6.These animals have _______ (feed) on grass and insects for years. 【参考答案】 1.farm 2.lay 3.fed 4.farmers 5.laid 6.fed 5.Wang Shanghai led a group of 369 people who were determined to make the environment of Saihanba better.王上海带领着 369 人的队伍，他们下定决心要改善塞罕坝的生态环境。 （1）lead v.带领；领导 【知识点拓展】 词形变换：过去式 led；过去分词 led；leader n. 领导者，领袖 必考固定搭配：lead a group of… 带领一队……；lead sb. to do sth. 带领某人做某事 中考典型例句：He led a team to protect the local forest. （2）group n.组；队伍；群体 【知识点拓展】 词形变换：groups (复数) 必考固定搭配：a group of 一群 / 一队…… 中考典型例句：A group of volunteers plant trees every spring. （3）determine v.决心；决定 【知识点拓展】 词形变换：determined adj. 有决心的；determination n. 决心 必考固定搭配：be determined to do sth. 下定决心做某事 中考典型例句：They are determined to change the poor environment. （4）environment n.环境 【知识点拓展】 词形变换：environmental adj. 环境的 必考固定搭配：protect the environment 保护环境 中考典型例句：We should try our best to improve our living environment. 【即学即练】 1.He _______ (lead) a team of volunteers to protect Saihanba many years ago. 2.A _______ (group) of students will plant trees to improve the local _______ (environment). 3.They are _______ (determine) to make our living environment much better. 4.The great _______ (lead) taught people how to protect forests. 5.Different _______ (group) of people take part in the environmental‑protection activities. 6.We have made great changes to our _______ (environment) and we are _______ (determine) to keep it beautiful. 【参考答案】 1.led 2.group；environment 3.determined 4.leader 5.groups 6.environment；determined 6.Today, Saihanba is known as "the green miracle."如今，塞罕坝被誉为 “绿色奇迹”。 （1）know v.知道；了解 【知识点拓展】 词形变换：过去式 knew；过去分词 known 必考固定搭配： be known as… 作为…… 而出名； be known for… 因…… 而出名 中考典型例句：Hangzhou is known as a beautiful city. 短语 含义 核心区别 例句 be known as 作为…… 而出名 后接身份、称号、头衔 Saihanba is known as “the green miracle”. be known for 因…… 而出名 后接出名的原因、特色 Saihanba is known for its large forests. （2）green adj.绿色的 【知识点拓展】 拓展 n. 绿色；greenery n. 绿植，绿化 中考典型例句：We hope our hometown will become more green. （3）miracle n.奇迹 【知识点拓展】 词形变换：复数 miracles 必考固定搭配：a green miracle 绿色奇迹；work a miracle 创造奇迹 中考典型例句：The great changes in Saihanba are a real miracle. 【即学即练】 1.Saihanba is well _______ (know) as “the green miracle” all over China. 2.People hope to get more _______ (green) land in the poor areas. 3.It is a real _______ (miracle) that the forest appeared in the desert. 4.Many years ago, few people _______ (know) about the great changes of Saihanba. 5.Scientists have created many environmental _______ (miracle) in this area. 6.We should try our best to make our earth much _______ (green). 【参考答案】 1.known 2.green 3.miracle 4.knew 5.miracles 6.greener 一、本板块核心词汇（2a‑2c 高频） satisfy v. 使满意 词形变换：satisfied adj.（人）感到满意的；satisfying adj.（事物）令人满意的；satisfaction n. 满意 固定搭配：be satisfied with… 对…… 感到满意 中考例句：Most people are satisfied with the changes of their hometown. communicate v. 交流，沟通 词形变换：communication n. 交流，通讯 固定搭配：communicate with sb. 和某人交流 rapid adj. 迅速的 词形变换：rapidly adv. 迅速地 固定搭配：rapid changes 飞速的变化 progress n.【U】进步（不可数名词，中考最高频坑点） 固定搭配：make great progress 取得巨大进步 condition n. 条件；状况 固定搭配：living conditions 生活条件 in good/bad condition 状况良好 / 糟糕 in detail 详细地 keep in touch with 与…… 保持联系 拓展：lose touch with sb. 与某人失去联系 二、易混词辨析 单词 含义 核心区别 例句 satisfied 感到满意的 修饰人 He is satisfied with his new life. satisfying 令人满意的 修饰事物 It is a satisfying experience. 短语 含义 核心区别 例句 used to do sth. 过去常常做某事（现在不） to 后接动词原形 People used to have poor living conditions. be used to doing sth. 习惯于做某事 to 是介词，后接 doing He is used to living in the big city. $Unit 1 The Changing World Section B Vocabulary in use 2a-2c核心知识梳理 一、必背词汇 学科网（北京）股份有限公司1 / 11 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 1.铁路（名词）：rail 2.狭窄的（形容词）：narrow 3.村民（名词）：villager 4.奥林匹克运动会（短语）：the Olympics (=the Olympic Games) 5.带领；过（某种生活）（动词，过去式 led）；领先地位；主角（名词）：lead 6.人造的；非天然的（形容词）：man-made 7.奇迹（名词）：miracle 1.铁路（名词）：_______________ 2.狭窄的（形容词）：________________ 3.村民（名词）：______________ 4.奥林匹克运动会（短语）：________________ 5.带领；过（某种生活）（动词，过去式 led）； 领先地位；主角（名词）：________________ 6.人造的；非天然的（形容词）：___________ 7.奇迹（名词）：______________ 二、必会考点 学科网（北京）股份有限公司2 / 11 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 1. 合成法：由两个或两个以上的词合成一个新词，这种构词法称为合成法(compounding)。合成词之间有的要用连字符连接，有的直接连接在一起。 类型 例子 复合名词 bedroom卧室，newspaper报纸，breakfast早餐，blackboard黑板，grandfather(外)祖父，playground操场，bathroom浴室，typewriter打字机，overcoat大衣，afternoon下午，handwriting书法，story­telling讲故事，daybreak破晓，sunrise日出，outbreak爆发，downpour倾盆大雨 复合形容词 worldwide全世界的，homesick想家的，handmade手工制作的，kind­hearted热心肠的，easy­going随和的，good­looking好看的，hard­working勤勉的，well­known著名的，newly­built新建的 复合动词 overcome克服，underline画线，oversleep睡过头，sleepwalk梦游 复合副词 upstairs在楼上，indoors在室内，outdoors在室外，however无论如何 复合代词 anything任何事物， everybody每个人 2.The bridge made it convenient for the villagers to travel across the river to the city.这座桥让村民们渡河去往城市出行变得十分便利。 （1）million num.百万 【知识点拓展】词形变换：millions（复数，仅用于 millions of） 必考固定搭配： ① 数字 + million + 名词复数（不加 s、不加 of） ② millions of + 名词复数 数百万……（模糊数量，必须加 s 和 of） 中考典型例句：More than two million visitors come here every year. （2）more than超过；多于 【知识点拓展】同义替换：over 中考典型例句：He has lived here for more than ten years. （3）use v.使用；乘坐 【知识点拓展】 词形变换：过去式 used；过去分词 used；名词 usage 使用 必考固定搭配：use sth. to do sth. 使用某物做某事 中考典型例句：Many local people use the train for business trips. 【即学即练】 1._______ (million) of visitors take the new railway every year. 2._______ (million) two people travel by this train every single day. 3.Many local businessmen _______ (use) the train for business trips since 2018. 4.There are _______ (more than) five hundred trees planted in Saihanba. 5.Three _______ (million) tourists come to visit the forest every year. 5.People have _______ (use) the bridge to cross the river for many years. 3.Beijing,China's capital hosted the 2008 Summer Olympics and the 2022 Winter Olympics.中国首都北京举办了 2008 年夏季奥林匹克运动会以及 2022 年冬季奥林匹克运动会。 （1）capital n.首都；首府 【知识点拓展】词形变换：capitals (复数) 必考固定搭配：the capital of …… 的首都 / 首府 中考典型例句：Beijing is the capital of China. （2）host v.主办；举办 【知识点拓展】 词形变换：过去式 hosted；过去分词 hosted；名词 host 主人；东道主 必考固定搭配：host the Olympics 举办奥运会 中考典型例句：Our city will host an international sports meeting next year. 【即学即练】 1.Beijing is one of the famous _______ (capital) in the world. 2.Our city will _______ (host) an important sports meeting next year. 3.Many national _______ (capital) are developing very fast nowadays. 4.The city _______ (host) many international events several years ago. 5.Paris, the _______ (capital) of France attracts lots of visitors every year. 6.This big city has _______ (host) many large‑scale activities so far. 4.Our farm has a lot of laying hens.They feed on corn, vegetables and insects.我们农场有许多产蛋母鸡。它们以玉米、蔬菜和昆虫为食。 （1）farm n.农场 【知识点拓展】词形变换：farmer n. 农民；farmland n. 农田 必考固定搭配：on the farm 在农场 中考典型例句：My uncle works on a big farm in the countryside. （2）laying hens产蛋母鸡 【知识点拓展】 单词 lay v. 下蛋；产卵；过去式 laid；过去分词 laid 中考典型例句：These laying hens can produce many eggs every day. 单词 含义 核心区别 例句 lay v. 下蛋；放置 过去式 laid，过去分词 laid；及物动词 The hen lays one egg every day. lie v. 躺；位于 过去式 lay，过去分词 lain；不及物动词 Cats like to lie on the sofa. （3）feed v.喂养；以…… 为食 【知识点拓展】 词形变换：过去式 fed；过去分词 fed 必考固定搭配：feed on… 以…… 为食；feed …with… 用…… 喂养…… 中考典型例句：She feeds the chickens with rice every morning. 短语 含义 核心区别 例句 feed on 以…… 为食 主语多为动物，表达动物的食性 Rabbits feed on grass. feed …with… 用…… 喂养…… 人为动作，主语是人 I feed the dog with meat. 【即学即练】 1.My uncle runs a big _______ (farm) and he raises many hens there. 2.The hens _______ (lay) many eggs every day on the farm. 3.Farmers _______ (feed) the chickens corn and vegetables in the past. 4.Many _______ (farm) work hard to produce more food for our country. 5.The hen _______ (lay) ten eggs last week. 6.These animals have _______ (feed) on grass and insects for years. 5.Wang Shanghai led a group of 369 people who were determined to make the environment of Saihanba better.王上海带领着 369 人的队伍，他们下定决心要改善塞罕坝的生态环境。 （1）lead v.带领；领导 【知识点拓展】 词形变换：过去式 led；过去分词 led；leader n. 领导者，领袖 必考固定搭配：lead a group of… 带领一队……；lead sb. to do sth. 带领某人做某事 中考典型例句：He led a team to protect the local forest. （2）group n.组；队伍；群体 【知识点拓展】 词形变换：groups (复数) 必考固定搭配：a group of 一群 / 一队…… 中考典型例句：A group of volunteers plant trees every spring. （3）determine v.决心；决定 【知识点拓展】 词形变换：determined adj. 有决心的；determination n. 决心 必考固定搭配：be determined to do sth. 下定决心做某事 中考典型例句：They are determined to change the poor environment. （4）environment n.环境 【知识点拓展】 词形变换：environmental adj. 环境的 必考固定搭配：protect the environment 保护环境 中考典型例句：We should try our best to improve our living environment. 【即学即练】 1.He _______ (lead) a team of volunteers to protect Saihanba many years ago. 2.A _______ (group) of students will plant trees to improve the local _______ (environment). 3.They are _______ (determine) to make our living environment much better. 4.The great _______ (lead) taught people how to protect forests. 5.Different _______ (group) of people take part in the environmental‑protection activities. 6.We have made great changes to our _______ (environment) and we are _______ (determine) to keep it beautiful. 6.Today, Saihanba is known as "the green miracle."如今，塞罕坝被誉为 “绿色奇迹”。 （1）know v.知道；了解 【知识点拓展】 词形变换：过去式 knew；过去分词 known 必考固定搭配： be known as… 作为…… 而出名； be known for… 因…… 而出名 中考典型例句：Hangzhou is known as a beautiful city. 短语 含义 核心区别 例句 be known as 作为…… 而出名 后接身份、称号、头衔 Saihanba is known as “the green miracle”. be known for 因…… 而出名 后接出名的原因、特色 Saihanba is known for its large forests. （2）green adj.绿色的 【知识点拓展】 拓展 n. 绿色；greenery n. 绿植，绿化 中考典型例句：We hope our hometown will become more green. （3）miracle n.奇迹 【知识点拓展】 词形变换：复数 miracles 必考固定搭配：a green miracle 绿色奇迹；work a miracle 创造奇迹 中考典型例句：The great changes in Saihanba are a real miracle. 【即学即练】 1.Saihanba is well _______ (know) as “the green miracle” all over China. 2.People hope to get more _______ (green) land in the poor areas. 3.It is a real _______ (miracle) that the forest appeared in the desert. 4.Many years ago, few people _______ (know) about the great changes of Saihanba. 5.Scientists have created many environmental _______ (miracle) in this area. 6.We should try our best to make our earth much _______ (green). 一、本板块核心词汇（2a‑2c 高频） satisfy v. 使满意 词形变换：satisfied adj.（人）感到满意的；satisfying adj.（事物）令人满意的；satisfaction n. 满意 固定搭配：be satisfied with… 对…… 感到满意 中考例句：Most people are satisfied with the changes of their hometown. communicate v. 交流，沟通 词形变换：communication n. 交流，通讯 固定搭配：communicate with sb. 和某人交流 rapid adj. 迅速的 词形变换：rapidly adv. 迅速地 固定搭配：rapid changes 飞速的变化 progress n.【U】进步（不可数名词，中考最高频坑点） 固定搭配：make great progress 取得巨大进步 condition n. 条件；状况 固定搭配：living conditions 生活条件 in good/bad condition 状况良好 / 糟糕 in detail 详细地 keep in touch with 与…… 保持联系 拓展：lose touch with sb. 与某人失去联系 二、易混词辨析 单词 含义 核心区别 例句 satisfied 感到满意的 修饰人 He is satisfied with his new life. satisfying 令人满意的 修饰事物 It is a satisfying experience. 短语 含义 核心区别 例句 used to do sth. 过去常常做某事（现在不） to 后接动词原形 People used to have poor living conditions. be used to doing sth. 习惯于做某事 to 是介词，后接 doing He is used to living in the big city. $