Unit 1 课时3 Section A Grammar focus 4a-4c（知识清单）英语新教材人教版九年级上册

该初中英语知识清单系统梳理了Unit 1 The Changing World的核心词汇与语法知识。从必背词汇（如digital, audio等）入手，聚焦现在完成时（have been to/have gone to/have been in辨析）、open的动词与形容词用法、as well as等重点句型，延伸至for/since等易混词短语辨析，构建从词汇积累到语法应用的学习支架。 知识链路按“词汇-语法-句型-辨析”逻辑清晰呈现，每个考点配“妙辨异同”对比表格、“易错警示”及“即学即练”习题。通过中考例句衔接考点，强化语言能力（语境化表达）与思维品质（分析比较易混点），助力学生系统掌握知识并提升灵活运用能力。

Unit 1 The Changing World Unit 1 Section A Grammar focus 4a-4c核心知识梳理 一、必背词汇 学科网（北京）股份有限公司1 / 11 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 1.电子的（形容词）：digital 2.音频的（形容词）；音频（名词）：audio 3.泥土；尘土（名词）：dirt 4.小路；轨道（名词）：track 5.宽的；宽阔的（形容词）：wide 1.电子的（形容词）：_______________ 2.音频的（形容词）；音频（名词）：_______________ 3.泥土；尘土（名词）：_______________ 4.小路；轨道（名词）：_______________ 5.宽的；宽阔的（形容词）：_______________ 二、必会考点 学科网（北京）股份有限公司2 / 11 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 1.Have you been to the new library yet?你去过这座新图书馆了吗？ have been to 去过某地（已经回来） 【妙辨异同】have been to/have gone to/have been in 辨析 意义及用法 have been to 意为“去过某地”，强调去过但已回来，常与频度副词或ever连用。 have gone to 意为“去了某地”，强调去了但还未回来。 have been in 意为“待在某地”，表示状态，常与一段时间连用。 【注意】 (1)与一段时间连用时，只能用have been in，不能用have been/gone to。 (2)当have been/gone to后接表示地点的副词，如here, there, home等时，介词to省略。 中考例句：Have you finished your plan yet? 【即学即练】 1.My father isn’t at home. He _______ (have gone to) the new library. 2.I _______ (have been to) Guizhou twice. It’s a beautiful place. 3.She _______ (have been in) this town for ten years and she loves it here. —Where is Tom? 4.—He _______ (have gone to) the library. He will come back soon. 5.They _______ (have been to) many big cities, but they _______ (have been in) their hometown for a long time now. 【参考答案】1.has gone to 2.have been to 3.has been in 4.has gone to 5.have been to; have been in 2.When did it open?它是什么时候开放的？ （1）open 【v. 动词】打开；开放；开业 词形变化：过去式 / 过去分词 opened；现在分词 opening ✅ 基本用法：open + 宾语 Please open the door. ✅ 课文例句：When did it open? 它什么时候开放的？ ⚠ 重大易错：短暂性动词！ open 表示 “开业、开放” 是瞬间动作，不能和 for/since 时间段连用。 ❌ The library has opened for two years. ✅ The library has been open for two years. （2） open 【adj. 形容词】开着的；开放的 表示状态，延续性，常和 be 动词连用 搭配：be open 开着；对外开放 例句：The library is open every day. 【即学即练】 1.The new library _______ (open) last month. 2.The library will _______ (open) at 8:00 tomorrow morning. 3.Look! The door is _______ (open). We can go inside. 4.How long has the shop _______ (open)? 5.The _______ (open) of the library makes local people happy. 【参考答案】 1.opened 2.open 3.open 4.been open 5.opening 3.It's the most high-tech library I have ever visited.这是我参观过的科技感最强的图书馆。 visit v.参观，游览 【知识点拓展】 词形变换：过去分词 visited；名词 visitor 游客 固定搭配：visit a library 参观图书馆 语法考点：I have ever visited 定语从句 中考例句：This is the best park I have ever visited. visit 的词义及用法 visit + 地点名词：参观 / 访问某地​ We plan to visit the History Museum tomorrow. （我们计划明天去参观历史博物馆。）​ visit + 人（sb.）：拜访某人​ I will visit my teacher after school.（放学后我要去拜访我的老师。）​ visit + 地点 + for + 时间段：在某地停留访问一段时间​ They visited London for three days.（他们在伦敦访问了三天。）​ pay a visit to（sb./sp.）：拜访某人 / 参观某地（= visit sb./sp.）​ We paid a visit to our grandparents last Sunday. （我们上星期天去拜访了祖父母。） visitor（n.）：参观者；访客​ There are many visitors in the park on weekends. （周末公园里有很多游客。）​ 【即学即练】 1. My parents _______ (visit) my aunt in Beijing last year.​ 2. We plan to ______ ______ ______ _____the science museum next week. 3. There are many _______ (visitor) in the park today.​ 4. My uncle _______ _______ _______ us every summer.​ 5. The _______ (visitor) from America like Chinese food very much. 【参考答案】1. visited 2. pay a visit to 3. visitors 4. pays a visit to 5. visitors 4.There are sections with books about science and Chinese culture, as well as a huge section with children's books.馆内设有科学类、中国文化类书籍区域，还有一大片儿童读物专区。 as well as和；以及；除…… 之外还有 【知识点拓展】 语法易错：A as well as B 作主语，谓语动词和 A 保持一致 中考例句：Tom as well as his friends likes reading. 拓展并列词组 both...and... 当连接两个并列结构作主语时 “……和……”，谓语动词用复数： Both Tom and I like the movie. not only...but also... “不但……而且……”，谓语动词的数遵循就近原则： Not only he but also I am interested in the movie. either...or... “要么……要么”“或者……或者”，谓语动词的数遵循就近原则： Either you or she is going there tomorrow. neither...nor... “既不……也不……”，谓语动词的数遵循就近原则： Neither Tom nor I am going there tomorrow. 【即学即练】 1._______ my mother _______ my father like reading in the new library. 2.He _______ visits the library _______ takes part in reading activities. He has no interest in them. 3.The library has books on science _______ books about Chinese culture. 4._______ you _______ your brother can borrow books. Only one person can get the card. 5.The library offers _______ books _______ audio books for the old people. 【参考答案】 1.Both; and 2.neither; nor 3.as well as 4.Either; or 5.not only; but also 5.My grandpa listened to some audio books because he can't see well.爷爷听了一些有声读物，因为他视力不好。 travel v.出行，旅行 过去式 / 过去分词：travelled（英式） /traveled（美式） 现在分词：travelling /traveling 词性讲解 1. travel 【v. 旅行；出行；游历】 用法：不及物动词，后面不能直接接地点名词； 想要加地点，搭配介词 to ✅ travel to Guizhou 去贵州出行 / 旅行 拓展搭配：travel around 环游 travel abroad 出国旅行 2. travel 【n. [U] 长途旅行；出行（泛指）】 ⚠ 不可数名词，多指长期、远距离的行程 ✅ air travel 航空出行 单词 词性 核心含义 使用要点 例句 travel v. / 不可数名词 泛指长途旅行、出行活动；侧重路途移动，不特指单次行程 不能说 a travel；多指大范围游历 He likes travel. trip 可数名词 短途出行、往返旅程（本课重点） 日常短途游玩、出差；常用搭配 a trip to… He took a trip to the town. journey 可数名词 陆路长途行程，侧重路途漫长、艰辛 多指较长距离陆路出行 It’s a long journey by bus. 【即学即练】 1.People _______ (travel) in Guizhou easily nowadays. 2.It _______ (travel) hard in the mountains ten years ago. 3.My dream is _______ (travel) around the country in the future. 4.Many _______ (travel) come to visit Guizhou every year. 5.We have _______ (travel) to many places since 2020. 【参考答案】 1.travel 2.travelled 3.to travel 4.travellers 5.travelled 7.As a result, the lives of local people have improved.因此，当地居民的生活得到了改善。 ①as a result因此，结果 【知识点拓展】 辨析：as a result of + 名词短语（由于……） 中考例句：He practiced hard. As a result, he passed the exam. 短语 结构 用法 as a result 独立短语，不加 of + 完整句子；翻译：因此 as a result of 带介词 of + 名词 /doing；翻译：由于，因为 ②local adj.当地的 【知识点拓展】 固定搭配：local people 当地人；local government 当地政府 中考例句：Local people’s lives are becoming better. ③improve v.改善 【知识点拓展】 词形变换：过去分词 improved；名词 improvement 中考例句：The roads have improved a lot. 【即学即练】 1.The roads have _______ (improve) a lot. _______ (as a result), people’s lives are better. 2.The government tries _______ (improve) living conditions for _______ (local) people. 3.We all hope for the _______ (improve) of the environment in _______ (local) villages. 4.Great changes _______ (improve) people’s life. _______ (as a result), they become richer. 5.Many _______ (local) farmers want _______ (improve) their way of life. 【参考答案】 1.improved; As a result 2.to improve; local 3.improvement; local 4.have improved; As a result 5.local; to improve 8.They are much richer and happier than they once were.他们相比从前富裕多了，也幸福多了。 句型 1：比较级 + and + 比较级 （越来越……） richer and happier 越来越富裕、越来越幸福 ✅ The villagers become richer and happier.村民们变得越来越富裕、越来越幸福。 拓展： taller and taller 越来越高；better and better 越来越好 句型 2：比较级 + than … 比…… 更加…… ✅ They are much richer and happier than they once were.他们相比从前富裕得多，也幸福得多。 【即学即练】 1.People in the town are _______ (rich) than they were ten years ago. 2.Our hometown is becoming _______ (good) and _______ (good). 3.The new library is _______ (high-tech) than the old one. 4.Farmers’ lives get _______ (happy) and _______ (happy) now. 5.Traveling is much _______ (easy) than it was in the past. 【参考答案】 1.richer 2.better; better 3.more high-tech 4.happier; happier 5.easier 一、易混词 & 短语辨析 1. for / since ✅ for + 时间段（for ages, for 10 years） ✅ since + 时间点 / 一般过去时从句（since 2016；since he was young） ❌易错：不能说 since ten years；不能说 for 2016 中考例句： They haven’t seen each other for ages. Great changes have taken place since 2016. 2. already / yet already：多用于肯定句，助动词之后；已经 yet：多用于疑问句、否定句，常放句末；还 ❌易错：肯定句一般不用 yet；否定句不使用 already 例句：I have already visited the new library. Have you been there yet? 3. have been to / have gone to / have been in ① have been to + 地点：曾经去过（现已返回，可搭配次数） ② have gone to + 地点：去了某地（尚未回来，人不在现场） ③ have been in + 地点：待在某地（持续一段时间，搭配 for/since） 易错陷阱：地点副词 home/there，去掉 to ✅ I have been to Guizhou. ✅ He isn’t here. He has gone to Guizhou. ✅ She has been in Guizhou for 5 years. 4. used to do / be used to doing / be used to do used to do sth. 过去常常做（现在不再做，Grammar Focus 核心） be used to doing sth. 习惯于做某事 be used to do sth. 被用来做某事 5. in the past / in the past few years in the past：在过去 → 一般过去时 in the past few years：在过去几年里 → 现在完成时 例句：Travel was hard in the past. Life has improved in the past few years. 二、核心语法易错考点（现在完成时） 1. 基本结构 肯定：主语 + have/has + 过去分词 否定：haven’t /hasn’t + 过去分词 疑问：Have/Has + 主语 + 过去分词？ ⚠三单主语（everyone, hometown 等）用 has 2. 时态最大难点：现在完成时 VS 一般过去时 时态 核心特点 时间标志 现在完成时 过去动作，和现在有关，强调结果 / 经历 already, yet, since, for, so far, in the past few years 一般过去时 单纯描述过去，和现在切断联系 …ago, in 2005, yesterday, when he was young $Unit 1 The Changing World Unit 1 Section A Grammar focus 4a-4c核心知识梳理 一、必背词汇 学科网（北京）股份有限公司1 / 11 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 1.电子的（形容词）：digital 2.音频的（形容词）；音频（名词）：audio 3.泥土；尘土（名词）：dirt 4.小路；轨道（名词）：track 5.宽的；宽阔的（形容词）：wide 1.电子的（形容词）：_______________ 2.音频的（形容词）；音频（名词）：_______________ 3.泥土；尘土（名词）：_______________ 4.小路；轨道（名词）：_______________ 5.宽的；宽阔的（形容词）：_______________ 二、必会考点 学科网（北京）股份有限公司2 / 11 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 1.Have you been to the new library yet?你去过这座新图书馆了吗？ have been to 去过某地（已经回来） 【妙辨异同】have been to/have gone to/have been in 辨析 意义及用法 have been to 意为“去过某地”，强调去过但已回来，常与频度副词或ever连用。 have gone to 意为“去了某地”，强调去了但还未回来。 have been in 意为“待在某地”，表示状态，常与一段时间连用。 【注意】 (1)与一段时间连用时，只能用have been in，不能用have been/gone to。 (2)当have been/gone to后接表示地点的副词，如here, there, home等时，介词to省略。 中考例句：Have you finished your plan yet? 【即学即练】 1.My father isn’t at home. He _______ (have gone to) the new library. 2.I _______ (have been to) Guizhou twice. It’s a beautiful place. 3.She _______ (have been in) this town for ten years and she loves it here. —Where is Tom? 4.—He _______ (have gone to) the library. He will come back soon. 5.They _______ (have been to) many big cities, but they _______ (have been in) their hometown for a long time now. 2.When did it open?它是什么时候开放的？ （1）open 【v. 动词】打开；开放；开业 词形变化：过去式 / 过去分词 opened；现在分词 opening ✅ 基本用法：open + 宾语 Please open the door. ✅ 课文例句：When did it open? 它什么时候开放的？ ⚠ 重大易错：短暂性动词！ open 表示 “开业、开放” 是瞬间动作，不能和 for/since 时间段连用。 ❌ The library has opened for two years. ✅ The library has been open for two years. （2） open 【adj. 形容词】开着的；开放的 表示状态，延续性，常和 be 动词连用 搭配：be open 开着；对外开放 例句：The library is open every day. 【即学即练】 1.The new library _______ (open) last month. 2.The library will _______ (open) at 8:00 tomorrow morning. 3.Look! The door is _______ (open). We can go inside. 4.How long has the shop _______ (open)? 5.The _______ (open) of the library makes local people happy. 3.It's the most high-tech library I have ever visited.这是我参观过的科技感最强的图书馆。 visit v.参观，游览 【知识点拓展】 词形变换：过去分词 visited；名词 visitor 游客 固定搭配：visit a library 参观图书馆 语法考点：I have ever visited 定语从句 中考例句：This is the best park I have ever visited. visit 的词义及用法 visit + 地点名词：参观 / 访问某地​ We plan to visit the History Museum tomorrow. （我们计划明天去参观历史博物馆。）​ visit + 人（sb.）：拜访某人​ I will visit my teacher after school.（放学后我要去拜访我的老师。）​ visit + 地点 + for + 时间段：在某地停留访问一段时间​ They visited London for three days.（他们在伦敦访问了三天。）​ pay a visit to（sb./sp.）：拜访某人 / 参观某地（= visit sb./sp.）​ We paid a visit to our grandparents last Sunday. （我们上星期天去拜访了祖父母。） visitor（n.）：参观者；访客​ There are many visitors in the park on weekends. （周末公园里有很多游客。）​ 【即学即练】 1. My parents _______ (visit) my aunt in Beijing last year.​ 2. We plan to ______ ______ ______ _____the science museum next week. 3. There are many _______ (visitor) in the park today.​ 4. My uncle _______ _______ _______ us every summer.​ 5. The _______ (visitor) from America like Chinese food very much. 4.There are sections with books about science and Chinese culture, as well as a huge section with children's books.馆内设有科学类、中国文化类书籍区域，还有一大片儿童读物专区。 as well as和；以及；除…… 之外还有 【知识点拓展】 语法易错：A as well as B 作主语，谓语动词和 A 保持一致 中考例句：Tom as well as his friends likes reading. 拓展并列词组 both...and... 当连接两个并列结构作主语时 “……和……”，谓语动词用复数： Both Tom and I like the movie. not only...but also... “不但……而且……”，谓语动词的数遵循就近原则： Not only he but also I am interested in the movie. either...or... “要么……要么”“或者……或者”，谓语动词的数遵循就近原则： Either you or she is going there tomorrow. neither...nor... “既不……也不……”，谓语动词的数遵循就近原则： Neither Tom nor I am going there tomorrow. 【即学即练】 1._______ my mother _______ my father like reading in the new library. 2.He _______ visits the library _______ takes part in reading activities. He has no interest in them. 3.The library has books on science _______ books about Chinese culture. 4._______ you _______ your brother can borrow books. Only one person can get the card. 5.The library offers _______ books _______ audio books for the old people. 5.My grandpa listened to some audio books because he can't see well.爷爷听了一些有声读物，因为他视力不好。 travel v.出行，旅行 过去式 / 过去分词：travelled（英式） /traveled（美式） 现在分词：travelling /traveling 词性讲解 1. travel 【v. 旅行；出行；游历】 用法：不及物动词，后面不能直接接地点名词； 想要加地点，搭配介词 to ✅ travel to Guizhou 去贵州出行 / 旅行 拓展搭配：travel around 环游 travel abroad 出国旅行 2. travel 【n. [U] 长途旅行；出行（泛指）】 ⚠ 不可数名词，多指长期、远距离的行程 ✅ air travel 航空出行 单词 词性 核心含义 使用要点 例句 travel v. / 不可数名词 泛指长途旅行、出行活动；侧重路途移动，不特指单次行程 不能说 a travel；多指大范围游历 He likes travel. trip 可数名词 短途出行、往返旅程（本课重点） 日常短途游玩、出差；常用搭配 a trip to… He took a trip to the town. journey 可数名词 陆路长途行程，侧重路途漫长、艰辛 多指较长距离陆路出行 It’s a long journey by bus. 【即学即练】 1.People _______ (travel) in Guizhou easily nowadays. 2.It _______ (travel) hard in the mountains ten years ago. 3.My dream is _______ (travel) around the country in the future. 4.Many _______ (travel) come to visit Guizhou every year. 5.We have _______ (travel) to many places since 2020. 7.As a result, the lives of local people have improved.因此，当地居民的生活得到了改善。 ①as a result因此，结果 【知识点拓展】 辨析：as a result of + 名词短语（由于……） 中考例句：He practiced hard. As a result, he passed the exam. 短语 结构 用法 as a result 独立短语，不加 of + 完整句子；翻译：因此 as a result of 带介词 of + 名词 /doing；翻译：由于，因为 ②local adj.当地的 【知识点拓展】 固定搭配：local people 当地人；local government 当地政府 中考例句：Local people’s lives are becoming better. ③improve v.改善 【知识点拓展】 词形变换：过去分词 improved；名词 improvement 中考例句：The roads have improved a lot. 【即学即练】 1.The roads have _______ (improve) a lot. _______ (as a result), people’s lives are better. 2.The government tries _______ (improve) living conditions for _______ (local) people. 3.We all hope for the _______ (improve) of the environment in _______ (local) villages. 4.Great changes _______ (improve) people’s life. _______ (as a result), they become richer. 5.Many _______ (local) farmers want _______ (improve) their way of life. 8.They are much richer and happier than they once were.他们相比从前富裕多了，也幸福多了。 句型 1：比较级 + and + 比较级 （越来越……） richer and happier 越来越富裕、越来越幸福 ✅ The villagers become richer and happier.村民们变得越来越富裕、越来越幸福。 拓展： taller and taller 越来越高；better and better 越来越好 句型 2：比较级 + than … 比…… 更加…… ✅ They are much richer and happier than they once were.他们相比从前富裕得多，也幸福得多。 【即学即练】 1.People in the town are _______ (rich) than they were ten years ago. 2.Our hometown is becoming _______ (good) and _______ (good). 3.The new library is _______ (high-tech) than the old one. 4.Farmers’ lives get _______ (happy) and _______ (happy) now. 5.Traveling is much _______ (easy) than it was in the past. 一、易混词 & 短语辨析 1. for / since ✅ for + 时间段（for ages, for 10 years） ✅ since + 时间点 / 一般过去时从句（since 2016；since he was young） ❌易错：不能说 since ten years；不能说 for 2016 中考例句： They haven’t seen each other for ages. Great changes have taken place since 2016. 2. already / yet already：多用于肯定句，助动词之后；已经 yet：多用于疑问句、否定句，常放句末；还 ❌易错：肯定句一般不用 yet；否定句不使用 already 例句：I have already visited the new library. Have you been there yet? 3. have been to / have gone to / have been in ① have been to + 地点：曾经去过（现已返回，可搭配次数） ② have gone to + 地点：去了某地（尚未回来，人不在现场） ③ have been in + 地点：待在某地（持续一段时间，搭配 for/since） 易错陷阱：地点副词 home/there，去掉 to ✅ I have been to Guizhou. ✅ He isn’t here. He has gone to Guizhou. ✅ She has been in Guizhou for 5 years. 4. used to do / be used to doing / be used to do used to do sth. 过去常常做（现在不再做，Grammar Focus 核心） be used to doing sth. 习惯于做某事 be used to do sth. 被用来做某事 5. in the past / in the past few years in the past：在过去 → 一般过去时 in the past few years：在过去几年里 → 现在完成时 例句：Travel was hard in the past. Life has improved in the past few years. 二、核心语法易错考点（现在完成时） 1. 基本结构 肯定：主语 + have/has + 过去分词 否定：haven’t /hasn’t + 过去分词 疑问：Have/Has + 主语 + 过去分词？ ⚠三单主语（everyone, hometown 等）用 has 2. 时态最大难点：现在完成时 VS 一般过去时 时态 核心特点 时间标志 现在完成时 过去动作，和现在有关，强调结果 / 经历 already, yet, since, for, so far, in the past few years 一般过去时 单纯描述过去，和现在切断联系 …ago, in 2005, yesterday, when he was young $