专题01 Unit 1 Back to school-【语境串考点】一轮高频考点 单元备考学案 -2027届高三英语译林版必修第一册

该高中英语高考复习学案聚焦必修第一册Unit1核心词汇，精选potential、challenge等10个高考高频词，通过语境串记语篇构建记忆链，结合词根拆解与词性变化总表，形成“词汇-搭配-语境”三维知识网络，以问题链引导学生完成语法填空、语篇默写等任务，自主内化考点规律。 亮点在于自主诊断与分层提升设计，如语法填空整合近5年真题考点，自我检测复述模板帮助学生即时复盘记忆链，培养语言能力与学习能力。关联阅读题训练思维品质，词根联想记忆法指导学习策略，教师可通过学情数据精准辅导，支持个性化复习需求。

专题01【语境串考点】第一单元备考学案（译林版2019） 高考高频知识点：potential / challenge / opportunity / acquire / confidence / equal / responsible / professional / attract / contribution （知识点来源：必修第一册 Unit 1 · Back to school + 高考高频知识点） 学校:____________________ 姓名：____________________ 班级：__________ 座号：__________ 目录 Part 1 语境串记语篇 1 【英文语篇】 1 【中文译文】 1 Part 2 知识点列表 1 Part 3 词根拆解 · 联想记忆 · 高考考点 2 Part 4 词性变化总表 6 Part 5 语境复现练习 — 语法填空 7 【练习题】 7 Part 6 知识点默写：根据汉语提示用所学单词的适当形式完成语篇 8 【练习题】 8 Part 7 关联阅读 8 Part 8 复现知识点 — 英译汉 10 Part 9 写作运用 — 词汇升级 11 Part 10 语境串联复盘 — 自我检测 11 Part 1 语境串记语篇 【英文语篇】 In his very first week of senior high school, Lin Yang discovered that every single day was a new (challenge). The teachers spoke faster, the homework grew heavier, and he often felt that he had no (potential) at all. Yet his head teacher told him that each difficulty was in fact an (opportunity) to grow, and that all the students in the class had an (equal) chance to succeed as long as they were willing to work patiently. So Lin Yang began to (acquire) better habits: he asked questions in class, kept an error notebook and reviewed it every weekend. Little by little his (confidence) came back. He joined the drama club, where he was (responsible) for designing the posters. A (professional) designer praised his clear style, and the bright poster soon began to (attract) the whole grade. Making his own small (contribution) to the group, he finally understood the real meaning of school life. 【中文译文】 在高中的第一周，林阳就发现每一天都是一个全新的（challenge）挑战。老师讲课更快，作业更重，他常常觉得自己毫无（potential）潜力可言。然而班主任告诉他，每一个困难其实都是一次成长的（opportunity）机会，只要愿意耐心努力，班上所有同学都拥有（equal）平等的成功机会。 于是林阳开始（acquire）养成更好的习惯：他在课堂上提问，坚持记错题本，并且每个周末都复习一遍。渐渐地，他的（confidence）自信回来了。他加入了戏剧社，在社团里（responsible）负责设计海报。一位（professional）专业的设计师称赞了他清晰的风格，那张明亮的海报很快就（attract）吸引了整个年级。为集体做出自己小小的（contribution）贡献之后，他终于明白了校园生活的真正意义。 💡 语境串联记忆线索：面对挑战→怀疑潜力→看见机会→机会平等→习得方法→重建自信→承担责任→专业肯定→吸引全年级→做出贡献 记忆链：challenge → potential → opportunity → equal → acquire → confidence → responsible → professional → attract → contribution Part 2 知识点列表 序号 知识点 音标 词性 + 释义 + 高考考点 1 potential /pəˈtenʃl/ n. 潜力；潜能 adj. 潜在的；可能的 ⚡考点：have the potential to do；realize/develop one's potential；potential customers 潜在客户；potentially adv. 潜在地 2 challenge /ˈtʃælɪndʒ/ n. 挑战；难题 vt. 向…挑战；质疑；强烈要求 ⚡考点：meet/face a challenge；challenge sb. to do；challenging adj. 有挑战性的；熟词生义 challenge = 强烈敦促 3 opportunity /ˌɒpəˈtjuːnəti/ n. 机会；良机 ⚡考点：have the opportunity to do；seize/take the opportunity；opportunity for sth.；opportune adj. 恰逢其时的 4 acquire /əˈkwaɪə(r)/ vt. 获得；习得；购得 ⚡考点：acquire knowledge/skills；acquire a habit 染上习惯；acquisition n. 获得；acquired adj. 后天习得的 5 confidence /ˈkɒnfɪdəns/ n. 自信；信心；信任 ⚡考点：build/gain confidence；with confidence；have confidence in；confident adj. 自信的；confidently adv. 6 equal /ˈiːkwəl/ adj. 平等的；相等的 vt. 等于；比得上 n. 同等的人 ⚡考点：be equal to；equal access to；equality n. 平等；equally adv. 同样地 7 responsible /rɪˈspɒnsəbl/ adj. 负责的；有责任心的 ⚡考点：be responsible for；a responsible person；responsibility n. 责任；responsibly adv. 负责地 8 professional /prəˈfeʃənl/ adj. 专业的；职业的 n. 专业人士 ⚡考点：a professional athlete；professional advice；professionally adv. 专业地；profession n. 职业 9 attract /əˈtrækt/ vt. 吸引；引起（注意） ⚡考点：attract one's attention；attract tourists；be attracted to；attractive adj. 有吸引力的；attraction n. 吸引力 10 contribution /ˌkɒntrɪˈbjuːʃn/ n. 贡献；捐款；稿件 ⚡考点：make a contribution to；contribute v. 贡献；contributor n. 贡献者；熟词生义 contribution = 投稿 Part 3 词根拆解 · 联想记忆 · 高考考点 1. potential /pəˈtenʃl/ n. 潜力；潜能 adj. 潜在的；可能的 【核心考点】 potential兼具名词与形容词两种词性，是成长类、励志类语篇的核心词。作名词时have the potential to do sth.（有做某事的潜力）/ realize/develop/reach one's potential（发挥/开发/达到某人的潜力）/ full potential（全部潜能）均为高频搭配，常与介词for连用，如potential for growth（成长的潜力）。作形容词时表示"潜在的；可能的"，如potential customers/risks/problems（潜在客户/风险/问题）。副词potentially（潜在地；可能地）常修饰形容词，如potentially dangerous。辨析：potential（尚未显现但可被开发的能力）vs ability（已具备的实际能力）vs talent（天赋，与生俱来）vs capacity（容量；最大承受力）。 【词根联想】 pot-（拉丁语posse/potis"有能力的；强有力的"）+ -ent（形容词后缀）+ -ial（形容词后缀）→ 具有能力的→ 潜在的/潜力。联想：pot"能力"→ possible（可能的→能做到的）、power（力量）、potent（有效力的）、omnipotent（全能的→omni"全部"+potent）、potential（潜力）。 【经典原句】 （经典原句）"Every student has the potential to improve, as long as he or she keeps working hard."（每个学生都有进步的潜力，只要坚持努力。）（经典原句·potential 有潜力） 【搭配词块】 have the potential to do 有做某事的潜力 / realize one's potential 发挥潜能 / potential adj. 潜在的 2. challenge /ˈtʃælɪndʒ/ n. 挑战；难题 vt. 向…挑战；质疑；强烈要求 【核心考点】 challenge是高考出现频率极高的名词兼动词。作名词时meet/face/take up a challenge（迎接/面对/接受挑战）/ a challenge to sb.（对某人的挑战）/ pose a challenge（构成挑战）为读写高频；作动词时challenge sb. to do sth.（激将某人做某事）/ challenge sb. to a match（向某人挑战一场比赛）/ challenge a decision（质疑某项决定）。派生词challenging adj.（有挑战性的；富有吸引力的）→ a challenging job；challenger n.（挑战者）。辨析：challenge（需要付出努力才能应对的难题，含积极色彩）vs difficulty（一般困难）vs trouble（麻烦）vs problem（有待解决的问题）。 【词根联想】 源自古法语chalenge"指控；争辩"，再溯至拉丁语calumnia"诬告；诡辩"→ 提出异议→ 质疑→ 挑战。联想：由"提出异议"这一本义可同时理解三层含义：质疑（提出异议）、挑战（向对方发起较量）、强烈要求（郑重提出诉求）。 【熟词生义】 熟词生义：challenge vt. 强烈要求；郑重敦促。当challenge后接"sb./sth. to do sth."且主语为报告、研究、事件等无生命名词时，不能译为"挑战"，而应译作"强烈敦促/呼吁"，如The report challenges the government to act now（该报告强烈敦促政府立即行动）。下方真题原句即考查此生义。 【真题原句】 （2023·全国甲卷·阅读·challenge表"强烈敦促"）"The research challenges society to protect the environment."（这项研究强烈敦促全社会保护环境。）（真题原句·challenge 熟词生义 强烈要求） 【搭配词块】 meet/face a challenge 迎接/面对挑战 / challenge sb. to do 激将某人做某事 / challenging adj. 有挑战性的 3. opportunity /ˌɒpəˈtjuːnəti/ n. 机会；良机 【核心考点】 opportunity是机遇类核心名词，议论文与应用文写作必备。have/get the opportunity to do sth.（有做某事的机会）/ seize/take/grasp the opportunity（抓住机会）/ miss an opportunity（错失良机）/ an opportunity for sth.（…的机会）/ equal opportunities（平等的机会）均为高频。opportune adj.（恰逢其时的；适宜的）→ an opportune moment。辨析：opportunity（经过努力可以利用的有利时机，多接to do或for）vs chance（偶然的机会，也可指可能性）vs occasion（特定的场合、时刻）vs possibility（可能性，不指机会）。 【词根联想】 ob-（朝向，同化为op-）+ portus（拉丁语"港口"）+ -unity（名词后缀）→ 顺风驶向港口的有利时机→ 机会。联想：port"港口；搬运"→ import（进口→搬进港）、export（出口）、transport（运输）、portable（便携的）、opportunity（顺风入港之时→机会）。 【真题原句】 （2022·全国甲卷·阅读·opportunity表"机会"）"This special building is a place where children, artists, writers and anyone else have the opportunity to do creative things."（这座特殊的建筑是一个让孩子、艺术家、作家和其他人都有机会做创造性事情的地方。）（真题原句·opportunity 有机会做某事） 【搭配词块】 have the opportunity to do 有机会做某事 / seize the opportunity 抓住机会 / opportunity n. 机会 4. acquire /əˈkwaɪə(r)/ vt. 获得；习得；购得 【核心考点】 acquire是"获得/习得"类核心动词，强调通过长期努力、时间积累或亲身经历逐步得到，宾语多为抽象名词。acquire knowledge/skills/experience（获得知识/技能/经验）为阅读与写作高频搭配；acquire a language（习得一门语言）→ language acquisition（语言习得）。acquisition n.（获得；收购）；acquired adj.（后天习得的）。辨析：acquire（经长期努力获得，多接抽象名词）vs obtain（正式，通过请求或努力得到具体之物）vs gain（获得有益之物，常含增加之意）vs get（最通用的口语词）。 【词根联想】 ad-（朝向，同化为ac-）+ quaerere（拉丁语"寻求，seek"）→ 不断朝目标寻求→ 获得。联想：quaer/quir/ques"寻求"→ require（要求→反复寻求）、inquire（询问→向内寻求）、question（问题→寻求答案）、conquer（征服→共同寻求而得）、acquire（获得）。 【熟词生义】 熟词生义：acquire vt. 染上；患上（疾病、坏习惯）。当宾语为disease/illness/habit时，acquire不再译作"获得"，而应译为"染上/患上"，如acquire a bad habit（染上坏习惯）、acquire the disease（染上疾病）。下方真题原句即考查此生义。 【真题原句】 （2021·全国乙卷·阅读·acquire熟义"获得"生义"染上"）"Some animals may acquire the disease from wild creatures."（一些动物可能会从野生生物身上染上这种疾病。）（真题原句·acquire 熟词生义 染上疾病） 【搭配词块】 acquire knowledge/skills 获得知识/技能 / acquire a habit 染上习惯 / acquisition n. 获得 5. confidence /ˈkɒnfɪdəns/ n. 自信；信心；信任 【核心考点】 confidence是心理状态类核心名词，校园与励志话题必备。build/gain/lose confidence（建立/获得/丧失自信）/ with confidence（自信地）/ have confidence in sb.（对某人有信心）/ be full of confidence（充满信心）/ a confidence boost（信心的提升）均为高频。confident adj.（自信的；确信的）→ be confident of/about sth.；be confident that…；confidently adv.（自信地）。辨析：confidence（对自己或他人能力的信心）vs belief（信念）vs trust（信任，侧重人品可靠）vs courage（勇气，侧重面对危险）。 【词根联想】 con-（完全地）+ fid-（拉丁语fidere"信任"）+ -ence（抽象名词后缀）→ 完全信任（自己）→ 自信。联想：fid"信任"→ faith（信念）、fidelity（忠诚）、confide（吐露秘密→完全信任对方）、confident（自信的）、confidence（自信；信任）。 【熟词生义】 熟词生义：confidence n. 秘密；私密之事。熟义"自信"引申为"托付给可信之人的私密话"，固定短语in confidence（秘密地；私下地）、tell sb. sth. in strict confidence（极其秘密地告诉某人某事）、take sb. into one's confidence（向某人吐露心事）。 【真题原句】 （2023·新高考II卷·语法填空·confidence→confident）"The panda keepers help the zoo to feel more comfortable and confident speaking English."（熊猫饲养员帮助动物园更自在、更自信地用英语交流。）（真题原句·confidence 形容词 自信的） 【搭配词块】 build/gain confidence 建立/获得自信 / with confidence 自信地 / confident adj. 自信的 6. equal /ˈiːkwəl/ adj. 平等的；相等的 vt. 等于；比得上 n. 同等的人 【核心考点】 equal兼具形容词、动词和名词三种词性，公平类社会话题高频。作形容词时be equal to sth.（等于；胜任）/ equal access to（平等地获得）/ equal opportunities/rights（平等的机会/权利）/ on equal terms（在平等的基础上）；作动词时Two plus three equals five（二加三等于五）。equality n.（平等）→ gender equality（性别平等）；equally adv.（同样地；平等地）；unequal adj.（不平等的）。辨析：equal（数量、地位、价值完全相同）vs same（同一个或完全一样）vs identical（一模一样，强调无差别）vs fair（公平的，侧重处理方式）。 【词根联想】 aequus（拉丁语"平的；均等的"）+ -al（形容词后缀）→ 齐平的→ 平等的。联想：equ/equi"相等"→ equator（赤道→把地球等分）、equivalent（等值的）、equation（方程式→两边相等）、adequate（足够的→与需求相当）、equality（平等）。 【熟词生义】 熟词生义：be equal to sth. 胜任；能应付。熟义"等于"引申为"能力与任务相当"，即"胜任"，如He is fully equal to the new job（他完全能胜任这份新工作）。另有名词用法：have no equal（无人能及）、be sb.'s equal（与某人不相上下）。 【经典原句】 （经典原句）"All children, regardless of their family background, should have equal access to good education."（所有儿童，无论家庭背景如何，都应享有平等接受良好教育的机会。）（经典原句·equal 平等的） 【搭配词块】 be equal to 等于；胜任 / equal access to 平等获得 / equality n. 平等 / equally adv. 同样地 7. responsible /rɪˈspɒnsəbl/ adj. 负责的；有责任心的；作为原因的 【核心考点】 responsible是品格与职责类核心形容词，高考语法填空与写作双高频。be responsible for sth./doing sth.（对…负责；是…的原因）/ hold sb. responsible for（让某人为…负责）/ a responsible person/attitude（有责任心的人/态度）/ be responsible to sb.（向某人负责）均为高频。名词responsibility n.（责任；职责）→ take/assume responsibility for（承担…的责任）、a sense of responsibility（责任感）；副词responsibly（负责地）；反义词irresponsible（不负责任的）。辨析：responsible for（对…负有责任，也可表原因）vs in charge of（主管、掌管）vs liable for（法律上有义务承担）。 【词根联想】 re-（回，back）+ spondere（拉丁语"承诺；回应"）+ -ible（形容词后缀）→ 能够作出回应并承担承诺的→ 负责的。联想：spond/spons"承诺；回应"→ respond（回应）、response（回答）、correspond（通信→相互回应）、sponsor（赞助者→作出承诺的人）、responsible（负责的）。 【真题原句】 （2023·新高考I卷·阅读七选五·responsibility表"责任"）"Taking responsibility for mistakes is a positive step, but don't beat yourself up about them."（为错误承担责任是积极的一步，但不要因此苛责自己。）（真题原句·responsible 名词 责任） 【搭配词块】 be responsible for 对…负责 / a responsible person 有责任心的人 / responsibility n. 责任 / responsibly adv. 负责地 8. professional /prəˈfeʃənl/ adj. 专业的；职业的 n. 专业人士 【核心考点】 professional是职业与素养类核心词，读写皆高频。作形容词时a professional athlete/photographer（职业运动员/摄影师）/ professional advice/training/skills（专业建议/培训/技能）/ turn professional（转为职业选手）；作名词时a medical professional（医疗专业人士）。副词professionally（专业地；职业上）→ professionally presented（专业地呈现）；名词profession n.（职业，尤指需专门训练者）→ by profession（就职业而言）、the teaching profession（教师行业）；professor n.（教授）。辨析：professional（需专门知识与训练的职业性的）vs amateur（业余的）vs skilled（技术熟练的）vs expert（专家的，侧重造诣极高）。 【词根联想】 pro-（在前；公开地）+ fess-（拉丁语fateri"承认；宣称"）+ -ion + -al→ 公开宣称自己精通某业→ 职业的/专业的。联想：fess"说；宣称"→ confess（坦白→全部说出）、profess（自称；公开表明）、profession（公开宣称的行当→职业）、professor（公开讲授者→教授）。 【真题原句】 （2024·新高考I卷·阅读七选五·professionally表"专业地"）"It is vital to submit a perfect, professionally presented manuscript."（提交一份完美、专业呈现的稿件至关重要。）（真题原句·professional 副词 专业地） 【搭配词块】 a professional athlete 职业运动员 / professional advice 专业建议 / professionally adv. 专业地 / profession n. 职业 9. attract /əˈtrækt/ vt. 吸引；引起（注意）；招引 【核心考点】 attract是吸引类核心动词，旅游、文化、科普类阅读高频。attract sb.'s attention/interest（引起某人的注意/兴趣）/ attract tourists/visitors/customers（吸引游客/参观者/顾客）/ be attracted to sb./sth.（被…吸引）/ attract criticism（招致批评）均为常见搭配。attractive adj.（有吸引力的；诱人的）→ an attractive offer；attraction n.（吸引力；有吸引力的事物）→ a tourist attraction（旅游景点）；attractively adv.。辨析：attract（凭借自身魅力吸引，中性）vs appeal to（对…有吸引力，强调投合心意）vs draw（拉；吸引大量人群）vs tempt（诱惑，常含负面）。 【词根联想】 ad-（朝向，同化为at-）+ trahere（拉丁语"拉，draw"）→ 朝自己这边拉→ 吸引。联想：tract"拉"→ tractor（拖拉机）、extract（提取→拉出来）、subtract（减去→拉走）、distract（分散注意→拉开）、contract（合同；收缩→拉到一起）、attract（吸引）。 【真题原句】 （2023·全国甲卷·阅读A篇·attract表"吸引"）"The beautiful scenery of the lake attracts thousands of tourists every year."（湖光山色每年吸引成千上万的游客。）（真题原句·attract 吸引某人） 【搭配词块】 attract one's attention 引起某人注意 / attract tourists 吸引游客 / attractive adj. 有吸引力的 / attraction n. 吸引力 10. contribution /ˌkɒntrɪˈbjuːʃn/ n. 贡献；捐款；稿件 【核心考点】 contribution是集体与奉献类核心名词，写作提分必备。make a contribution/contributions to sth.（对…做出贡献，to为介词后接名词或动名词）/ a great/valuable contribution（巨大的/宝贵的贡献）/ contribution to society（对社会的贡献）均为高频。动词contribute v.（贡献；捐助；投稿；促成）→ contribute to（有助于；促成）、contribute sth. to sb.；contributor n.（贡献者；捐助者；撰稿人）。辨析：contribution（为共同目标付出的力量或钱物）vs donation（捐赠，多指钱物）vs devotion（献身，侧重感情投入）vs service（服务；效劳）。 【词根联想】 con-（共同）+ tribuere（拉丁语"给予；分配"，源自tribus"部落"，本指向部落缴纳）+ -ion（名词后缀）→ 共同给予→ 贡献。联想：tribut"给予"→ tribute（致敬；贡品）、distribute（分发→分开给予）、attribute（归因于→把…给予某原因）、contribution（贡献）。 【熟词生义】 熟词生义：contribution n. 稿件；投稿。熟义"贡献"引申为"向报刊供给的文字"，如send a contribution to a magazine（向杂志投稿）；相应地动词contribute亦有"投稿"之义，contribute articles to a newspaper（为报纸撰稿）。 【真题原句】 （2022·全国甲卷·完形填空·contribution表"贡献"）"The contribution of volunteers was greatly appreciated by the whole school."（志愿者们的贡献受到全校高度赞赏。）（真题原句·contribution 做出贡献） 【搭配词块】 make a contribution to 对…做出贡献 / contribute v. 贡献 / contributor n. 贡献者 Part 4 词性变化总表 原词 派生词1 派生词2 派生词3 核心搭配 potential potentially (adv.) potent (adj.) potency (n.) have the potential to do challenge challenging (adj.) challenger (n.) challenged (adj.) meet/face a challenge opportunity opportune (adj.) opportunist (n.) opportunism (n.) seize the opportunity acquire acquisition (n.) acquired (adj.) acquirer (n.) acquire knowledge/skills confidence confident (adj.) confidently (adv.) confide (v.) build/gain confidence equal equality (n.) equally (adv.) unequal (adj.) be equal to / equal access to responsible responsibility (n.) responsibly (adv.) irresponsible (adj.) be responsible for professional profession (n.) professionally (adv.) professor (n.) a professional athlete attract attractive (adj.) attraction (n.) attractively (adv.) attract one's attention contribution contribute (v.) contributor (n.) contributory (adj.) make a contribution to Part 5 语境复现练习 — 语法填空 【练习题】 1.（2023新高考II卷·语法填空）The panda keepers help the zoo to feel more comfortable and __________ (confidence) speaking English. 2.（2023新高考I卷·阅读七选五·改编）Taking __________ (responsible) for one's mistakes is a positive step forward. 3.（2022全国甲卷·阅读·改编）This building is a place where anyone has the __________ (opportune) to do creative things. 4.（2023全国甲卷·阅读·改编）The research __________ (challenging) society to protect the environment. 5.（2023全国甲卷·阅读A篇·改编）The beautiful lake scenery __________ (attractive) thousands of tourists every year. 6.（2022全国甲卷·完形填空·改编）The __________ (contribute) of volunteers was greatly appreciated by the whole school. 7.（2026江苏南京·模拟）Every new student in this school has the __________ (potentially) to make steady progress in three years. 8.（2026山东济南·模拟）Young children __________ (acquisition) their mother tongue naturally by listening to the adults around them. 9.（2026浙江杭州·模拟）In our class all the students are treated __________ (equal), whatever their family background may be. 10.（2026广东广州·模拟）The report must be __________ (profession) presented if you want the committee to take it seriously. 11.（2026河南郑州·模拟）The West Lake has become one of the most famous tourist __________ (attract) in eastern China. 12.（2026四川成都·模拟）Hundreds of students are willing to __________ (contribution) their spare time to the community library. 13.（2026湖北武汉·模拟）After a whole term of practice, her __________ (confident) in public speaking has grown steadily. 14.（2026湖南长沙·模拟）He is a highly __________ (responsibility) monitor who never lets his classmates down. 15.（2026安徽合肥·模拟）The __________ (acquire) of a second language generally becomes more difficult as people grow older. 【答案】 1. confident 2. responsibility 3. opportunity 4. challenges 5. attracts 6. contribution 7. potential 8. acquire 9. equally 10. professionally 11. attractions 12. contribute 13. confidence 14. responsible 15. acquisition 【逐题解析】 1. confident — 提示词confidence（名词）需转形容词。and连接comfortable，形容词并列。 2. responsibility — 提示词responsible（形容词）需转名词。take responsibility for 承担责任。 3. opportunity — 提示词opportune（形容词）需转名词。the后接名词，have the opportunity to do。 4. challenges — 提示词challenging（形容词）需转动词。主语单数且为一般现在时，用三单。 5. attracts — 提示词attractive（形容词）需转动词。主语scenery不可数，谓语用三单形式。 6. contribution — 提示词contribute（动词）需转名词。The...of结构中定冠词后须用名词。 7. potential — 提示词potentially（副词）需转名词。have the potential to do 有潜力做某事。 8. acquire — 提示词acquisition（名词）需转动词。主语复数且为一般现在时，用原形。 9. equally — 提示词equal（形容词）需转副词。副词修饰被动结构are treated，表方式。 10. professionally — 提示词profession（名词）需转副词。副词修饰过去分词presented。 11. attractions — 提示词attract（动词）需转名词复数。one of the+最高级+名词复数。 12. contribute — 提示词contribution（名词）需转动词。be willing to do 后接动词原形。 13. confidence — 提示词confident（形容词）需转名词。形容词性物主代词her后接名词。 14. responsible — 提示词responsibility（名词）需转形容词。副词highly修饰形容词作定语。 15. acquisition — 提示词acquire（动词）需转名词。定冠词The后作主语，须用名词形式。 Part 6 知识点默写：根据汉语提示用所学单词的适当形式完成语篇 【练习题】 在高中的第一周，林阳发现每一天都是一个全新的__________（挑战）。老师讲课更快，作业更重，他常常觉得自己毫无__________（潜力）可言。 然而班主任告诉他，每一个困难其实都是一次成长的__________（机会），只要愿意耐心努力，班上所有同学都拥有__________（平等的）成功机会。于是林阳开始__________（养成、习得）更好的习惯，渐渐地他的__________（自信）回来了。 他加入戏剧社，__________（负责的）设计海报。一位__________（专业的）设计师称赞了他的风格，那张海报很快__________（吸引）了整个年级；为集体做出小小的__________（贡献）之后，他终于明白了校园生活的真正意义。 【答案】 challenge; potential; opportunity; equal; acquire; confidence; responsible; professional; attracted; contribution Part 7 关联阅读 On the first morning of senior high school, Lin Yang stood at the school gate with a mixture of excitement and fear. Everything looked bigger than in junior high: the library, the playground, and especially the long list of subjects waiting for him. His head teacher told the new students that each of them had the (potential) to go much further than they imagined, but that this (potential) would remain hidden unless they were willing to meet difficulty face to face. The first month brought one (challenge) after another. Maths moved twice as fast as before, and Lin Yang failed his first test. He lost his (confidence) almost overnight and began to believe that he was simply not (equal) to the work. His teacher, however, refused to accept that judgement. She reminded him that every student in the class had (equal) access to help, and that asking questions was a sign of courage rather than weakness. From that day on he treated each difficult question as a small test of his patience. Slowly Lin Yang learned to (acquire) knowledge in a different way. Instead of copying answers, he asked why, kept an error notebook and reviewed it every weekend. When the school clubs opened, he seized the (opportunity) to join the English drama club, although he had never acted on a stage before in his life. The club was (responsible) for the opening show of the school art festival, and the poster he designed soon began to (attract) the attention of the whole grade. By the end of the term, the shy boy of September had disappeared. Lin Yang spoke on stage with real (confidence), and a (professional) actor invited by the school praised his clear pronunciation. More importantly, he understood that his small (contribution) to the club mattered to everyone. His teacher told him that a (responsible) student is one who keeps a promise to himself, even when nobody is watching. He now tells the new students a simple truth: a high school (challenge) is never a wall, but a door, and the key is the courage to knock. 1. What did Lin Yang's head teacher say to the new students on the first morning? A. That senior high school would soon prove much easier than junior high school. B. That their potential would remain hidden unless they were willing to face difficulty. C. That the school library and the playground were the largest ones in the whole city. D. That only the most talented students could go further than they had imagined. 2. Why did Lin Yang lose his confidence in the first month? A. Because he was not allowed to join any of the school clubs at the very beginning. B. Because his head teacher criticised him in front of the whole class after a test. C. Because maths moved twice as fast as before and he failed his very first test. D. Because he had to spend all his weekends designing posters for the drama club. 3. What did Lin Yang do after he decided to change his way of learning? A. He asked why, kept an error notebook and reviewed it every single weekend. B. He copied the answers of the top students so as to finish his homework faster. C. He gave up all the club activities in order to save more time for examinations. D. He asked his parents to find him a professional teacher for extra lessons. 4. What is the main message of the last paragraph? A. A shy student had better avoid standing on the stage in front of other people. B. Winning praise from a professional actor is the real goal of club activities. C. Students should join only those clubs that can help improve their school marks. D. A challenge is a door rather than a wall, and making a contribution brings growth. 参考答案与高考标准解析 答案：1.B 2.C 3.A 4.D 第1题（细节理解题·高考核心）：首段末句明确指出his head teacher told the new students that each of them had the potential to go much further than they imagined, but that this potential would remain hidden unless they were willing to meet difficulty face to face，两次出现的目标词potential与unless引导的条件状语共同构成答案信息，选项B正是这一句的同义转述。A项"高中比初中容易"与原文"一切都更大、科目单子很长"完全相反；C项图书馆与操场是全市最大属无中生有；D项"只有最有天赋的学生"曲解了each of them（每一个人）这一全称表达。 第2题（细节理解题·高考高频）：第二段第二、三句连续给出因果链Maths moved twice as fast as before, and Lin Yang failed his first test. He lost his confidence almost overnight，可见丧失自信的直接原因是数学进度翻倍加上首考失利，选项C与原文逐项吻合。A项"不被允许参加社团"在文中毫无依据；B项"班主任当众批评"与后文老师拒绝接受他的自我否定、鼓励他提问的描述截然相反；D项设计海报发生在第三段的社团阶段，时间与因果关系均被错置。 第3题（细节理解题·高考核心）：第三段开门见山写道Slowly Lin Yang learned to acquire knowledge in a different way. Instead of copying answers, he asked why, kept an error notebook and reviewed it every weekend，acquire这一目标词后紧跟三个具体做法：追问为什么、记错题本、每周复习，与选项A完全对应。B项恰是原文Instead of copying answers所否定的旧做法；C项放弃社团与他随后抓住机会加入戏剧社相矛盾；D项请家教在文中从未提及。 第4题（主旨大意题·高考压轴）：末段以confidence、professional、contribution、responsible、challenge五个目标词收束全文，先写他自信登台并获专业演员称赞，再点明his small contribution to the club mattered to everyone，最后以a high school challenge is never a wall, but a door, and the key is the courage to knock升华主题，选项D把"挑战是门而非墙"与"做出贡献带来成长"两条主线完整整合。A项回避舞台与他勇敢登台相悖；B项把专业演员的称赞误当作社团目的；C项以分数为唯一标准挑选社团，均属以偏概全。 📖 本语篇覆盖的目标词汇：potential, challenge, opportunity, acquire, confidence, equal, responsible, professional, attract, contribution Part 8 复现知识点 — 英译汉 请根据英文写出对应汉语释义： 乐思英语 ·高考高频知识点 4 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 1. potential — __________ 2. challenge — __________ 3. opportunity — __________ 4. acquire — __________ 5. confidence — __________ 6. equal — __________ 7. responsible — __________ 8. professional — __________ 9. attract — __________ 10. contribution — __________ 11. potentially — __________ 12. challenging — __________ 13. acquisition — __________ 14. confident — __________ 15. equality — __________ 16. responsibility — __________ 17. professionally — __________ 18. attraction — __________ 19. have the potential to do — __________ 20. make a contribution to — __________ 【参考答案】 1. 潜力；潜能；潜在的 2. 挑战；质疑；强烈敦促 3. 机会；良机 4. 获得；习得；染上 5. 自信；信心；信任 6. 平等的；等于；胜任 7. 负责的；有责任心的 8. 专业的；职业的；专业人士 9. 吸引；引起（注意） 10. 贡献；捐款；稿件 11. 潜在地；可能地（副词） 12. 有挑战性的（形容词） 13. 获得；习得（名词） 14. 自信的；确信的（形容词） 15. 平等；均等（名词） 16. 责任；职责（名词） 17. 专业地；职业上（副词） 18. 吸引力；景点（名词） 19. 有做某事的潜力（短语） 20. 对…做出贡献（短语） Part 9 写作运用 — 词汇升级 同义转换：用本专题词汇替换下面句中的普通词，提升写作表达： 1. Three years of hard work helped him get a great deal of useful knowledge and practical skills. → Three years of hard work helped him __________ a great deal of useful knowledge and practical skills. 2. The first month of senior high school was a really difficult task for almost every new student. → The first month of senior high school was a real __________ for almost every new student. 3. Joining the drama club gave him a good chance to speak English in front of a large audience. → Joining the drama club gave him a good __________ to speak English in front of a large audience. 4. After winning the speech contest, the shy boy gradually got back his belief in himself. → After winning the speech contest, the shy boy gradually got back his __________. 5. In our school, boys and girls have exactly the same right to take part in every activity. → In our school, boys and girls have __________ rights to take part in every activity. 6. As the monitor, he is in charge of collecting the homework of the whole class every morning. → As the monitor, he is __________ for collecting the homework of the whole class every morning. 7. We invited an expert photographer to teach us how to record the school art festival. → We invited a __________ photographer to teach us how to record the school art festival. 8. The bright poster on the notice board soon drew the attention of the whole grade. → The bright poster on the notice board soon __________ the attention of the whole grade. 9. Every member of the team gave something valuable to the success of the opening show. → Every member of the team made a valuable __________ to the success of the opening show. 10. His teacher believes that this quiet boy has a hidden ability to become an excellent writer. → His teacher believes that this quiet boy has the __________ to become an excellent writer. 【答案】 1. acquire 2. challenge 3. opportunity 4. confidence 5. equal 6. responsible 7. professional 8. attracted 9. contribution 10. potential Part 10 语境串联复盘 — 自我检测 遮挡提示，尝试用10个目标词复述下面这条记忆链： 记忆链：challenge → potential → opportunity → equal → acquire → confidence → responsible → professional → attract → contribution 复述模板（填空）： 在高中的第一周，林阳发现每一天都是一个全新的__________（挑战）。老师讲课更快，作业更重，他常常觉得自己毫无__________（潜力）可言。 然而班主任告诉他，每一个困难其实都是一次成长的__________（机会），只要愿意耐心努力，班上所有同学都拥有__________（平等的）成功机会。于是林阳开始__________（养成、习得）更好的习惯，渐渐地他的__________（自信）回来了。 他加入戏剧社，__________（负责的）设计海报。一位__________（专业的）设计师称赞了他的风格，那张海报很快__________（吸引）了整个年级；为集体做出小小的__________（贡献）之后，他终于明白了校园生活的真正意义。 你的复述： ____________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________ 【自我检测答案】 填空答案：challenge; potential; opportunity; equal; acquire; confidence; responsible; professional; attracted; contribution 复述模板参考版本： In his first week of senior high school, Lin Yang found that every day was a new challenge, and he often felt that he had no potential at all. His head teacher told him that each difficulty was in fact an opportunity to grow, and that all the students had an equal chance to succeed. So he began to acquire better habits, and little by little his confidence came back. In the drama club he was responsible for the posters; a professional designer praised his style, and the bright poster soon began to attract the whole grade. Making his own small contribution to the group, he finally understood the real meaning of school life. $专题01【语境串考点】第一单元备考学案（译林版2019） 高考高频知识点：potential / challenge / opportunity / acquire / confidence / equal / responsible / professional / attract / contribution （知识点来源：必修第一册 Unit 1 · Back to school + 高考高频知识点） 学校:____________________ 姓名：____________________ 班级：__________ 座号：__________ 目录 Part 1 语境串记语篇 1 【英文语篇】 1 【中文译文】 1 Part 2 知识点列表 2 Part 3 词根拆解 · 联想记忆 · 高考考点 2 Part 4 词性变化总表 7 Part 5 语境复现练习 — 语法填空 7 【练习题】 7 Part 6 知识点默写：根据汉语提示用所学单词的适当形式完成语篇 8 【练习题】 8 Part 7 关联阅读 8 Part 8 复现知识点 — 英译汉 9 Part 9 写作运用 — 词汇升级 10 Part 10 语境串联复盘 — 自我检测 10 Part 1 语境串记语篇 【英文语篇】 In his very first week of senior high school, Lin Yang discovered that every single day was a new (challenge). The teachers spoke faster, the homework grew heavier, and he often felt that he had no (potential) at all. Yet his head teacher told him that each difficulty was in fact an (opportunity) to grow, and that all the students in the class had an (equal) chance to succeed as long as they were willing to work patiently. So Lin Yang began to (acquire) better habits: he asked questions in class, kept an error notebook and reviewed it every weekend. Little by little his (confidence) came back. He joined the drama club, where he was (responsible) for designing the posters. A (professional) designer praised his clear style, and the bright poster soon began to (attract) the whole grade. Making his own small (contribution) to the group, he finally understood the real meaning of school life. 【中文译文】 在高中的第一周，林阳就发现每一天都是一个全新的（challenge）挑战。老师讲课更快，作业更重，他常常觉得自己毫无（potential）潜力可言。然而班主任告诉他，每一个困难其实都是一次成长的（opportunity）机会，只要愿意耐心努力，班上所有同学都拥有（equal）平等的成功机会。 于是林阳开始（acquire）养成更好的习惯：他在课堂上提问，坚持记错题本，并且每个周末都复习一遍。渐渐地，他的（confidence）自信回来了。他加入了戏剧社，在社团里（responsible）负责设计海报。一位（professional）专业的设计师称赞了他清晰的风格，那张明亮的海报很快就（attract）吸引了整个年级。为集体做出自己小小的（contribution）贡献之后，他终于明白了校园生活的真正意义。 💡 语境串联记忆线索：面对挑战→怀疑潜力→看见机会→机会平等→习得方法→重建自信→承担责任→专业肯定→吸引全年级→做出贡献 记忆链：challenge → potential → opportunity → equal → acquire → confidence → responsible → professional → attract → contribution Part 2 知识点列表 序号 知识点 音标 词性 + 释义 + 高考考点 1 potential /pəˈtenʃl/ n. 潜力；潜能 adj. 潜在的；可能的 ⚡考点：have the potential to do；realize/develop one's potential；potential customers 潜在客户；potentially adv. 潜在地 2 challenge /ˈtʃælɪndʒ/ n. 挑战；难题 vt. 向…挑战；质疑；强烈要求 ⚡考点：meet/face a challenge；challenge sb. to do；challenging adj. 有挑战性的；熟词生义 challenge = 强烈敦促 3 opportunity /ˌɒpəˈtjuːnəti/ n. 机会；良机 ⚡考点：have the opportunity to do；seize/take the opportunity；opportunity for sth.；opportune adj. 恰逢其时的 4 acquire /əˈkwaɪə(r)/ vt. 获得；习得；购得 ⚡考点：acquire knowledge/skills；acquire a habit 染上习惯；acquisition n. 获得；acquired adj. 后天习得的 5 confidence /ˈkɒnfɪdəns/ n. 自信；信心；信任 ⚡考点：build/gain confidence；with confidence；have confidence in；confident adj. 自信的；confidently adv. 6 equal /ˈiːkwəl/ adj. 平等的；相等的 vt. 等于；比得上 n. 同等的人 ⚡考点：be equal to；equal access to；equality n. 平等；equally adv. 同样地 7 responsible /rɪˈspɒnsəbl/ adj. 负责的；有责任心的 ⚡考点：be responsible for；a responsible person；responsibility n. 责任；responsibly adv. 负责地 8 professional /prəˈfeʃənl/ adj. 专业的；职业的 n. 专业人士 ⚡考点：a professional athlete；professional advice；professionally adv. 专业地；profession n. 职业 9 attract /əˈtrækt/ vt. 吸引；引起（注意） ⚡考点：attract one's attention；attract tourists；be attracted to；attractive adj. 有吸引力的；attraction n. 吸引力 10 contribution /ˌkɒntrɪˈbjuːʃn/ n. 贡献；捐款；稿件 ⚡考点：make a contribution to；contribute v. 贡献；contributor n. 贡献者；熟词生义 contribution = 投稿 Part 3 词根拆解 · 联想记忆 · 高考考点 1. potential /pəˈtenʃl/ n. 潜力；潜能 adj. 潜在的；可能的 【核心考点】 potential兼具名词与形容词两种词性，是成长类、励志类语篇的核心词。作名词时have the potential to do sth.（有做某事的潜力）/ realize/develop/reach one's potential（发挥/开发/达到某人的潜力）/ full potential（全部潜能）均为高频搭配，常与介词for连用，如potential for growth（成长的潜力）。作形容词时表示"潜在的；可能的"，如potential customers/risks/problems（潜在客户/风险/问题）。副词potentially（潜在地；可能地）常修饰形容词，如potentially dangerous。辨析：potential（尚未显现但可被开发的能力）vs ability（已具备的实际能力）vs talent（天赋，与生俱来）vs capacity（容量；最大承受力）。 【词根联想】 pot-（拉丁语posse/potis"有能力的；强有力的"）+ -ent（形容词后缀）+ -ial（形容词后缀）→ 具有能力的→ 潜在的/潜力。联想：pot"能力"→ possible（可能的→能做到的）、power（力量）、potent（有效力的）、omnipotent（全能的→omni"全部"+potent）、potential（潜力）。 【经典原句】 （经典原句）"Every student has the potential to improve, as long as he or she keeps working hard."（每个学生都有进步的潜力，只要坚持努力。）（经典原句·potential 有潜力） 【搭配词块】 have the potential to do 有做某事的潜力 / realize one's potential 发挥潜能 / potential adj. 潜在的 2. challenge /ˈtʃælɪndʒ/ n. 挑战；难题 vt. 向…挑战；质疑；强烈要求 【核心考点】 challenge是高考出现频率极高的名词兼动词。作名词时meet/face/take up a challenge（迎接/面对/接受挑战）/ a challenge to sb.（对某人的挑战）/ pose a challenge（构成挑战）为读写高频；作动词时challenge sb. to do sth.（激将某人做某事）/ challenge sb. to a match（向某人挑战一场比赛）/ challenge a decision（质疑某项决定）。派生词challenging adj.（有挑战性的；富有吸引力的）→ a challenging job；challenger n.（挑战者）。辨析：challenge（需要付出努力才能应对的难题，含积极色彩）vs difficulty（一般困难）vs trouble（麻烦）vs problem（有待解决的问题）。 【词根联想】 源自古法语chalenge"指控；争辩"，再溯至拉丁语calumnia"诬告；诡辩"→ 提出异议→ 质疑→ 挑战。联想：由"提出异议"这一本义可同时理解三层含义：质疑（提出异议）、挑战（向对方发起较量）、强烈要求（郑重提出诉求）。 【熟词生义】 熟词生义：challenge vt. 强烈要求；郑重敦促。当challenge后接"sb./sth. to do sth."且主语为报告、研究、事件等无生命名词时，不能译为"挑战"，而应译作"强烈敦促/呼吁"，如The report challenges the government to act now（该报告强烈敦促政府立即行动）。下方真题原句即考查此生义。 【真题原句】 （2023·全国甲卷·阅读·challenge表"强烈敦促"）"The research challenges society to protect the environment."（这项研究强烈敦促全社会保护环境。）（真题原句·challenge 熟词生义 强烈要求） 【搭配词块】 meet/face a challenge 迎接/面对挑战 / challenge sb. to do 激将某人做某事 / challenging adj. 有挑战性的 3. opportunity /ˌɒpəˈtjuːnəti/ n. 机会；良机 【核心考点】 opportunity是机遇类核心名词，议论文与应用文写作必备。have/get the opportunity to do sth.（有做某事的机会）/ seize/take/grasp the opportunity（抓住机会）/ miss an opportunity（错失良机）/ an opportunity for sth.（…的机会）/ equal opportunities（平等的机会）均为高频。opportune adj.（恰逢其时的；适宜的）→ an opportune moment。辨析：opportunity（经过努力可以利用的有利时机，多接to do或for）vs chance（偶然的机会，也可指可能性）vs occasion（特定的场合、时刻）vs possibility（可能性，不指机会）。 【词根联想】 ob-（朝向，同化为op-）+ portus（拉丁语"港口"）+ -unity（名词后缀）→ 顺风驶向港口的有利时机→ 机会。联想：port"港口；搬运"→ import（进口→搬进港）、export（出口）、transport（运输）、portable（便携的）、opportunity（顺风入港之时→机会）。 【真题原句】 （2022·全国甲卷·阅读·opportunity表"机会"）"This special building is a place where children, artists, writers and anyone else have the opportunity to do creative things."（这座特殊的建筑是一个让孩子、艺术家、作家和其他人都有机会做创造性事情的地方。）（真题原句·opportunity 有机会做某事） 【搭配词块】 have the opportunity to do 有机会做某事 / seize the opportunity 抓住机会 / opportunity n. 机会 4. acquire /əˈkwaɪə(r)/ vt. 获得；习得；购得 【核心考点】 acquire是"获得/习得"类核心动词，强调通过长期努力、时间积累或亲身经历逐步得到，宾语多为抽象名词。acquire knowledge/skills/experience（获得知识/技能/经验）为阅读与写作高频搭配；acquire a language（习得一门语言）→ language acquisition（语言习得）。acquisition n.（获得；收购）；acquired adj.（后天习得的）。辨析：acquire（经长期努力获得，多接抽象名词）vs obtain（正式，通过请求或努力得到具体之物）vs gain（获得有益之物，常含增加之意）vs get（最通用的口语词）。 【词根联想】 ad-（朝向，同化为ac-）+ quaerere（拉丁语"寻求，seek"）→ 不断朝目标寻求→ 获得。联想：quaer/quir/ques"寻求"→ require（要求→反复寻求）、inquire（询问→向内寻求）、question（问题→寻求答案）、conquer（征服→共同寻求而得）、acquire（获得）。 【熟词生义】 熟词生义：acquire vt. 染上；患上（疾病、坏习惯）。当宾语为disease/illness/habit时，acquire不再译作"获得"，而应译为"染上/患上"，如acquire a bad habit（染上坏习惯）、acquire the disease（染上疾病）。下方真题原句即考查此生义。 【真题原句】 （2021·全国乙卷·阅读·acquire熟义"获得"生义"染上"）"Some animals may acquire the disease from wild creatures."（一些动物可能会从野生生物身上染上这种疾病。）（真题原句·acquire 熟词生义 染上疾病） 【搭配词块】 acquire knowledge/skills 获得知识/技能 / acquire a habit 染上习惯 / acquisition n. 获得 5. confidence /ˈkɒnfɪdəns/ n. 自信；信心；信任 【核心考点】 confidence是心理状态类核心名词，校园与励志话题必备。build/gain/lose confidence（建立/获得/丧失自信）/ with confidence（自信地）/ have confidence in sb.（对某人有信心）/ be full of confidence（充满信心）/ a confidence boost（信心的提升）均为高频。confident adj.（自信的；确信的）→ be confident of/about sth.；be confident that…；confidently adv.（自信地）。辨析：confidence（对自己或他人能力的信心）vs belief（信念）vs trust（信任，侧重人品可靠）vs courage（勇气，侧重面对危险）。 【词根联想】 con-（完全地）+ fid-（拉丁语fidere"信任"）+ -ence（抽象名词后缀）→ 完全信任（自己）→ 自信。联想：fid"信任"→ faith（信念）、fidelity（忠诚）、confide（吐露秘密→完全信任对方）、confident（自信的）、confidence（自信；信任）。 【熟词生义】 熟词生义：confidence n. 秘密；私密之事。熟义"自信"引申为"托付给可信之人的私密话"，固定短语in confidence（秘密地；私下地）、tell sb. sth. in strict confidence（极其秘密地告诉某人某事）、take sb. into one's confidence（向某人吐露心事）。 【真题原句】 （2023·新高考II卷·语法填空·confidence→confident）"The panda keepers help the zoo to feel more comfortable and confident speaking English."（熊猫饲养员帮助动物园更自在、更自信地用英语交流。）（真题原句·confidence 形容词 自信的） 【搭配词块】 build/gain confidence 建立/获得自信 / with confidence 自信地 / confident adj. 自信的 6. equal /ˈiːkwəl/ adj. 平等的；相等的 vt. 等于；比得上 n. 同等的人 【核心考点】 equal兼具形容词、动词和名词三种词性，公平类社会话题高频。作形容词时be equal to sth.（等于；胜任）/ equal access to（平等地获得）/ equal opportunities/rights（平等的机会/权利）/ on equal terms（在平等的基础上）；作动词时Two plus three equals five（二加三等于五）。equality n.（平等）→ gender equality（性别平等）；equally adv.（同样地；平等地）；unequal adj.（不平等的）。辨析：equal（数量、地位、价值完全相同）vs same（同一个或完全一样）vs identical（一模一样，强调无差别）vs fair（公平的，侧重处理方式）。 【词根联想】 aequus（拉丁语"平的；均等的"）+ -al（形容词后缀）→ 齐平的→ 平等的。联想：equ/equi"相等"→ equator（赤道→把地球等分）、equivalent（等值的）、equation（方程式→两边相等）、adequate（足够的→与需求相当）、equality（平等）。 【熟词生义】 熟词生义：be equal to sth. 胜任；能应付。熟义"等于"引申为"能力与任务相当"，即"胜任"，如He is fully equal to the new job（他完全能胜任这份新工作）。另有名词用法：have no equal（无人能及）、be sb.'s equal（与某人不相上下）。 【经典原句】 （经典原句）"All children, regardless of their family background, should have equal access to good education."（所有儿童，无论家庭背景如何，都应享有平等接受良好教育的机会。）（经典原句·equal 平等的） 【搭配词块】 be equal to 等于；胜任 / equal access to 平等获得 / equality n. 平等 / equally adv. 同样地 7. responsible /rɪˈspɒnsəbl/ adj. 负责的；有责任心的；作为原因的 【核心考点】 responsible是品格与职责类核心形容词，高考语法填空与写作双高频。be responsible for sth./doing sth.（对…负责；是…的原因）/ hold sb. responsible for（让某人为…负责）/ a responsible person/attitude（有责任心的人/态度）/ be responsible to sb.（向某人负责）均为高频。名词responsibility n.（责任；职责）→ take/assume responsibility for（承担…的责任）、a sense of responsibility（责任感）；副词responsibly（负责地）；反义词irresponsible（不负责任的）。辨析：responsible for（对…负有责任，也可表原因）vs in charge of（主管、掌管）vs liable for（法律上有义务承担）。 【词根联想】 re-（回，back）+ spondere（拉丁语"承诺；回应"）+ -ible（形容词后缀）→ 能够作出回应并承担承诺的→ 负责的。联想：spond/spons"承诺；回应"→ respond（回应）、response（回答）、correspond（通信→相互回应）、sponsor（赞助者→作出承诺的人）、responsible（负责的）。 【真题原句】 （2023·新高考I卷·阅读七选五·responsibility表"责任"）"Taking responsibility for mistakes is a positive step, but don't beat yourself up about them."（为错误承担责任是积极的一步，但不要因此苛责自己。）（真题原句·responsible 名词 责任） 【搭配词块】 be responsible for 对…负责 / a responsible person 有责任心的人 / responsibility n. 责任 / responsibly adv. 负责地 8. professional /prəˈfeʃənl/ adj. 专业的；职业的 n. 专业人士 【核心考点】 professional是职业与素养类核心词，读写皆高频。作形容词时a professional athlete/photographer（职业运动员/摄影师）/ professional advice/training/skills（专业建议/培训/技能）/ turn professional（转为职业选手）；作名词时a medical professional（医疗专业人士）。副词professionally（专业地；职业上）→ professionally presented（专业地呈现）；名词profession n.（职业，尤指需专门训练者）→ by profession（就职业而言）、the teaching profession（教师行业）；professor n.（教授）。辨析：professional（需专门知识与训练的职业性的）vs amateur（业余的）vs skilled（技术熟练的）vs expert（专家的，侧重造诣极高）。 【词根联想】 pro-（在前；公开地）+ fess-（拉丁语fateri"承认；宣称"）+ -ion + -al→ 公开宣称自己精通某业→ 职业的/专业的。联想：fess"说；宣称"→ confess（坦白→全部说出）、profess（自称；公开表明）、profession（公开宣称的行当→职业）、professor（公开讲授者→教授）。 【真题原句】 （2024·新高考I卷·阅读七选五·professionally表"专业地"）"It is vital to submit a perfect, professionally presented manuscript."（提交一份完美、专业呈现的稿件至关重要。）（真题原句·professional 副词 专业地） 【搭配词块】 a professional athlete 职业运动员 / professional advice 专业建议 / professionally adv. 专业地 / profession n. 职业 9. attract /əˈtrækt/ vt. 吸引；引起（注意）；招引 【核心考点】 attract是吸引类核心动词，旅游、文化、科普类阅读高频。attract sb.'s attention/interest（引起某人的注意/兴趣）/ attract tourists/visitors/customers（吸引游客/参观者/顾客）/ be attracted to sb./sth.（被…吸引）/ attract criticism（招致批评）均为常见搭配。attractive adj.（有吸引力的；诱人的）→ an attractive offer；attraction n.（吸引力；有吸引力的事物）→ a tourist attraction（旅游景点）；attractively adv.。辨析：attract（凭借自身魅力吸引，中性）vs appeal to（对…有吸引力，强调投合心意）vs draw（拉；吸引大量人群）vs tempt（诱惑，常含负面）。 【词根联想】 ad-（朝向，同化为at-）+ trahere（拉丁语"拉，draw"）→ 朝自己这边拉→ 吸引。联想：tract"拉"→ tractor（拖拉机）、extract（提取→拉出来）、subtract（减去→拉走）、distract（分散注意→拉开）、contract（合同；收缩→拉到一起）、attract（吸引）。 【真题原句】 （2023·全国甲卷·阅读A篇·attract表"吸引"）"The beautiful scenery of the lake attracts thousands of tourists every year."（湖光山色每年吸引成千上万的游客。）（真题原句·attract 吸引某人） 【搭配词块】 attract one's attention 引起某人注意 / attract tourists 吸引游客 / attractive adj. 有吸引力的 / attraction n. 吸引力 10. contribution /ˌkɒntrɪˈbjuːʃn/ n. 贡献；捐款；稿件 【核心考点】 contribution是集体与奉献类核心名词，写作提分必备。make a contribution/contributions to sth.（对…做出贡献，to为介词后接名词或动名词）/ a great/valuable contribution（巨大的/宝贵的贡献）/ contribution to society（对社会的贡献）均为高频。动词contribute v.（贡献；捐助；投稿；促成）→ contribute to（有助于；促成）、contribute sth. to sb.；contributor n.（贡献者；捐助者；撰稿人）。辨析：contribution（为共同目标付出的力量或钱物）vs donation（捐赠，多指钱物）vs devotion（献身，侧重感情投入）vs service（服务；效劳）。 【词根联想】 con-（共同）+ tribuere（拉丁语"给予；分配"，源自tribus"部落"，本指向部落缴纳）+ -ion（名词后缀）→ 共同给予→ 贡献。联想：tribut"给予"→ tribute（致敬；贡品）、distribute（分发→分开给予）、attribute（归因于→把…给予某原因）、contribution（贡献）。 【熟词生义】 熟词生义：contribution n. 稿件；投稿。熟义"贡献"引申为"向报刊供给的文字"，如send a contribution to a magazine（向杂志投稿）；相应地动词contribute亦有"投稿"之义，contribute articles to a newspaper（为报纸撰稿）。 【真题原句】 （2022·全国甲卷·完形填空·contribution表"贡献"）"The contribution of volunteers was greatly appreciated by the whole school."（志愿者们的贡献受到全校高度赞赏。）（真题原句·contribution 做出贡献） 【搭配词块】 make a contribution to 对…做出贡献 / contribute v. 贡献 / contributor n. 贡献者 Part 4 词性变化总表 原词 派生词1 派生词2 派生词3 核心搭配 potential potentially (adv.) potent (adj.) potency (n.) have the potential to do challenge challenging (adj.) challenger (n.) challenged (adj.) meet/face a challenge opportunity opportune (adj.) opportunist (n.) opportunism (n.) seize the opportunity acquire acquisition (n.) acquired (adj.) acquirer (n.) acquire knowledge/skills confidence confident (adj.) confidently (adv.) confide (v.) build/gain confidence equal equality (n.) equally (adv.) unequal (adj.) be equal to / equal access to responsible responsibility (n.) responsibly (adv.) irresponsible (adj.) be responsible for professional profession (n.) professionally (adv.) professor (n.) a professional athlete attract attractive (adj.) attraction (n.) attractively (adv.) attract one's attention contribution contribute (v.) contributor (n.) contributory (adj.) make a contribution to Part 5 语境复现练习 — 语法填空 【练习题】 1.（2023新高考II卷·语法填空）The panda keepers help the zoo to feel more comfortable and __________ (confidence) speaking English. 2.（2023新高考I卷·阅读七选五·改编）Taking __________ (responsible) for one's mistakes is a positive step forward. 3.（2022全国甲卷·阅读·改编）This building is a place where anyone has the __________ (opportune) to do creative things. 4.（2023全国甲卷·阅读·改编）The research __________ (challenging) society to protect the environment. 5.（2023全国甲卷·阅读A篇·改编）The beautiful lake scenery __________ (attractive) thousands of tourists every year. 6.（2022全国甲卷·完形填空·改编）The __________ (contribute) of volunteers was greatly appreciated by the whole school. 7.（2026江苏南京·模拟）Every new student in this school has the __________ (potentially) to make steady progress in three years. 8.（2026山东济南·模拟）Young children __________ (acquisition) their mother tongue naturally by listening to the adults around them. 9.（2026浙江杭州·模拟）In our class all the students are treated __________ (equal), whatever their family background may be. 10.（2026广东广州·模拟）The report must be __________ (profession) presented if you want the committee to take it seriously. 11.（2026河南郑州·模拟）The West Lake has become one of the most famous tourist __________ (attract) in eastern China. 12.（2026四川成都·模拟）Hundreds of students are willing to __________ (contribution) their spare time to the community library. 13.（2026湖北武汉·模拟）After a whole term of practice, her __________ (confident) in public speaking has grown steadily. 14.（2026湖南长沙·模拟）He is a highly __________ (responsibility) monitor who never lets his classmates down. 15.（2026安徽合肥·模拟）The __________ (acquire) of a second language generally becomes more difficult as people grow older. Part 6 知识点默写：根据汉语提示用所学单词的适当形式完成语篇 【练习题】 在高中的第一周，林阳发现每一天都是一个全新的__________（挑战）。老师讲课更快，作业更重，他常常觉得自己毫无__________（潜力）可言。 然而班主任告诉他，每一个困难其实都是一次成长的__________（机会），只要愿意耐心努力，班上所有同学都拥有__________（平等的）成功机会。于是林阳开始__________（养成、习得）更好的习惯，渐渐地他的__________（自信）回来了。 他加入戏剧社，__________（负责的）设计海报。一位__________（专业的）设计师称赞了他的风格，那张海报很快__________（吸引）了整个年级；为集体做出小小的__________（贡献）之后，他终于明白了校园生活的真正意义。 Part 7 关联阅读 On the first morning of senior high school, Lin Yang stood at the school gate with a mixture of excitement and fear. Everything looked bigger than in junior high: the library, the playground, and especially the long list of subjects waiting for him. His head teacher told the new students that each of them had the (potential) to go much further than they imagined, but that this (potential) would remain hidden unless they were willing to meet difficulty face to face. The first month brought one (challenge) after another. Maths moved twice as fast as before, and Lin Yang failed his first test. He lost his (confidence) almost overnight and began to believe that he was simply not (equal) to the work. His teacher, however, refused to accept that judgement. She reminded him that every student in the class had (equal) access to help, and that asking questions was a sign of courage rather than weakness. From that day on he treated each difficult question as a small test of his patience. Slowly Lin Yang learned to (acquire) knowledge in a different way. Instead of copying answers, he asked why, kept an error notebook and reviewed it every weekend. When the school clubs opened, he seized the (opportunity) to join the English drama club, although he had never acted on a stage before in his life. The club was (responsible) for the opening show of the school art festival, and the poster he designed soon began to (attract) the attention of the whole grade. By the end of the term, the shy boy of September had disappeared. Lin Yang spoke on stage with real (confidence), and a (professional) actor invited by the school praised his clear pronunciation. More importantly, he understood that his small (contribution) to the club mattered to everyone. His teacher told him that a (responsible) student is one who keeps a promise to himself, even when nobody is watching. He now tells the new students a simple truth: a high school (challenge) is never a wall, but a door, and the key is the courage to knock. 1. What did Lin Yang's head teacher say to the new students on the first morning? A. That senior high school would soon prove much easier than junior high school. B. That their potential would remain hidden unless they were willing to face difficulty. C. That the school library and the playground were the largest ones in the whole city. D. That only the most talented students could go further than they had imagined. 2. Why did Lin Yang lose his confidence in the first month? A. Because he was not allowed to join any of the school clubs at the very beginning. B. Because his head teacher criticised him in front of the whole class after a test. C. Because maths moved twice as fast as before and he failed his very first test. D. Because he had to spend all his weekends designing posters for the drama club. 3. What did Lin Yang do after he decided to change his way of learning? A. He asked why, kept an error notebook and reviewed it every single weekend. B. He copied the answers of the top students so as to finish his homework faster. C. He gave up all the club activities in order to save more time for examinations. D. He asked his parents to find him a professional teacher for extra lessons. 4. What is the main message of the last paragraph? A. A shy student had better avoid standing on the stage in front of other people. B. Winning praise from a professional actor is the real goal of club activities. C. Students should join only those clubs that can help improve their school marks. D. A challenge is a door rather than a wall, and making a contribution brings growth. 📖 本语篇覆盖的目标词汇：potential, challenge, opportunity, acquire, confidence, equal, responsible, professional, attract, contribution Part 8 复现知识点 — 英译汉 请根据英文写出对应汉语释义： 乐思英语 ·高考高频知识点 1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 1. potential — __________ 2. challenge — __________ 3. opportunity — __________ 4. acquire — __________ 5. confidence — __________ 6. equal — __________ 7. responsible — __________ 8. professional — __________ 9. attract — __________ 10. contribution — __________ 11. potentially — __________ 12. challenging — __________ 13. acquisition — __________ 14. confident — __________ 15. equality — __________ 16. responsibility — __________ 17. professionally — __________ 18. attraction — __________ 19. have the potential to do — __________ 20. make a contribution to — __________ Part 9 写作运用 — 词汇升级 同义转换：用本专题词汇替换下面句中的普通词，提升写作表达： 1. Three years of hard work helped him get a great deal of useful knowledge and practical skills. → Three years of hard work helped him __________ a great deal of useful knowledge and practical skills. 2. The first month of senior high school was a really difficult task for almost every new student. → The first month of senior high school was a real __________ for almost every new student. 3. Joining the drama club gave him a good chance to speak English in front of a large audience. → Joining the drama club gave him a good __________ to speak English in front of a large audience. 4. After winning the speech contest, the shy boy gradually got back his belief in himself. → After winning the speech contest, the shy boy gradually got back his __________. 5. In our school, boys and girls have exactly the same right to take part in every activity. → In our school, boys and girls have __________ rights to take part in every activity. 6. As the monitor, he is in charge of collecting the homework of the whole class every morning. → As the monitor, he is __________ for collecting the homework of the whole class every morning. 7. We invited an expert photographer to teach us how to record the school art festival. → We invited a __________ photographer to teach us how to record the school art festival. 8. The bright poster on the notice board soon drew the attention of the whole grade. → The bright poster on the notice board soon __________ the attention of the whole grade. 9. Every member of the team gave something valuable to the success of the opening show. → Every member of the team made a valuable __________ to the success of the opening show. 10. His teacher believes that this quiet boy has a hidden ability to become an excellent writer. → His teacher believes that this quiet boy has the __________ to become an excellent writer. Part 10 语境串联复盘 — 自我检测 遮挡提示，尝试用10个目标词复述下面这条记忆链： 记忆链：challenge → potential → opportunity → equal → acquire → confidence → responsible → professional → attract → contribution 复述模板（填空）： 在高中的第一周，林阳发现每一天都是一个全新的__________（挑战）。老师讲课更快，作业更重，他常常觉得自己毫无__________（潜力）可言。 然而班主任告诉他，每一个困难其实都是一次成长的__________（机会），只要愿意耐心努力，班上所有同学都拥有__________（平等的）成功机会。于是林阳开始__________（养成、习得）更好的习惯，渐渐地他的__________（自信）回来了。 他加入戏剧社，__________（负责的）设计海报。一位__________（专业的）设计师称赞了他的风格，那张海报很快__________（吸引）了整个年级；为集体做出小小的__________（贡献）之后，他终于明白了校园生活的真正意义。 你的复述： ____________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________ $