Unit 5 Section B (1a-1f) 学案 2026-2027学年人教版英语九年级上册

该初中英语导学案围绕“改变世界的发明——造纸术”展开，涵盖相关核心词汇、短语及句型。通过课前预习（单词补全、短语梳理）搭建语言基础，课堂导入以情景讨论（无纸世界想象、蔡伦发明等问题）连接预习与阅读文本，形成从词汇积累到语篇理解的学习支架。 此资料亮点在于融合文化意识与语言能力培养，通过阅读理解中的段落匹配、代词指代分析提升思维品质，语言点（如responsible for, later on）结合实例讲解与分层练习，课后作业（复述造纸过程、介绍古代发明短文）促进知识内化，助力学生在跨文化语境中发展语言运用能力与创新思维。

AI 生成 Unit 5 Power of Ideas Section B (1a-1f) An Invention That Changed the World 学案 人教版（2024）九年级上册 一、课前预习 （一）重点单词预习 根据音标和中文释义，将下列单词补充完整（部分单词已给出首字母，请补全）。 单词 Word 音标 Phonetic 词性 POS 中文释义 Meaning reality /rɪˈæləti/ n. 现实；事实 p__________ /ˈpeɪpəˌmeɪkɪŋ/ n. 造纸工艺；造纸业 responsible /rɪˈspɒnsəbl/ adj. 作为原因的；有责任的 r____ /ˈræpɪd/ adj. 迅速的；瞬间的 shape /ʃeɪp/ v. / n. 塑造；形状 b_____ /brɒnz/ n. & adj. 青铜（的）；青铜色（的） ware /weə(r)/ n. 制品；陶器 stone /stəʊn/ n. 石头；岩石 j___ /dʒuːt/ n. 黄麻纤维 fibre /ˈfaɪbə(r)/ n. 纤维；纤维素 e________ /ɪkˈspensɪv/ adj. 昂贵的；价格高的 officer /ˈɒfɪsə(r)/ n. 官员；高级职员 w_______ /ˈwɜːkʃɒp/ n. 作坊；讲习班 none /nʌn/ pron. 没有一个；毫无 i____ /aɪˈdiːəl/ adj. / n. 最合适的；理想的 bark /bɑːk/ n. 树皮 certain /ˈsɜːtn/ adj. / pron. 某些；确定的 s_______ /ˈsuːtəbl/ adj. 合适的；适宜的 liquid /ˈlɪkwɪd/ n. / adj. 液体（的） c____ /tʃiːp/ adj. / adv. 便宜的；低廉地 creation /kriˈeɪʃn/ n. 创造；作品 a_____ /ˈærəbɪk/ adj. / n. 阿拉伯语（的） birth /bɜːθ/ n. 起源；诞生 【填空答案】2. papermaking 4. rapid 6. bronze 9. jute 11. expensive 13. workshop 15. ideal 18. suitable 20. cheap 22. Arabic （二）重点短语预习 英文短语 Expression 中文释义 Meaning responsible for sth 对某事负责；是……的原因 later on 后来；其后 speed up 加速 result in 导致；造成 lead to 导致；通向 （三）重点句型预习 ① However, all of these materials were either difficult to use and store, or very expensive. 然而，所有这些材料要么难以使用和储存，要么非常昂贵。 ② This resulted in a new birth of knowledge, creating the world we have today. 这导致了知识的重生，创造了我们今天所拥有的世界。 二、课堂探究 活动一：情景导入 造纸术是中国古代四大发明之一。在没有纸的年代，人们用什么来书写？纸的发明如何改变了世界？让我们一起来探索这项改变世界的发明。 讨论以下问题： 1. What do you know about paper? Where does it come from? 2. Can you imagine a world without paper? What would happen? 3. Who invented papermaking? What do you know about him? 【学生活动】与同桌讨论上述问题，并分享你的想法。 活动二：阅读理解 An Invention That Changed the World [Paragraph 1] Can you imagine a world without books, newspapers, or magazines? All of these things depend on one invention—papermaking. It, more than any other invention, was responsible for the rapid spread of information that shaped our modern world. [Paragraph 2] In ancient China, many different materials were used to write on, such as animal bones, bronze ware, stones, wood, bamboo, and even silk. In the Western Han Dynasty, there was also a very early form of paper made from jute—a fibre that comes from plants. However, all of these materials were either difficult to use and store, or very expensive. [Paragraph 3] As the head officer of the palace workshop for the emperor in the Eastern Han Dynasty, Cai Lun became interested in trying to solve the problem. Different methods for creating something to write on were tried, but none were ideal. In his time, some kinds of bark—the outer part of trees—were used to make clothes. From past experiences, Cai Lun got the idea that bark, certain plants, and old clothes could be used to make a special material suitable to write on. [Paragraph 4] In the first step of Cai Lun's experiment, all the ingredients were mixed and boiled in water. Then, this material was beaten, cut up, and mixed with water again. Next, the liquid was poured over a bamboo screen, leaving just the fibre. Finally, this fibre was dried and pressed to form paper. To everyone's surprise, this paper was soft, light, easy to make and use, and most importantly, cheap. In 105 CE, Cai Lun showed his creation to the emperor. The emperor was very pleased and praised Cai Lun for his great work. [Paragraph 5] Later on, the papermaking technique not only speeded up the development of Chinese culture, but also changed civilizations around the world. It first spread to China's neighbouring countries and finally reached Europe through Arabic countries in the 12th century. When the use of paper and printing came together in later centuries, it led to a rapid increase in the number of books. This resulted in a new birth of knowledge, creating the world we have today. 1b Match each paragraph with its topic. 选项：A. Early materials to write on B. Cai Lun's experiment C. Introduction to the topic D. How paper changed the world E. Cai Lun's creative idea 段落 你的选择 参考答案 Paragraph 1 ______ C. Introduction to the topic Paragraph 2 ______ A. Early materials to write on Paragraph 3 ______ E. Cai Lun's creative idea Paragraph 4 ______ B. Cai Lun's experiment Paragraph 5 ______ D. How paper changed the world 1c Find what the pronouns refer to. 代词 所在段落 指代内容（参考答案） It Paragraph 1 papermaking It Paragraph 5 the papermaking technique it Paragraph 5 the use of paper and printing This Paragraph 5 a rapid increase in the number of books 【理解要点】阅读策略：理解指代词 Noticing what pronouns refer to will help you understand how different parts of the reading are connected. 注意观察代词指代的内容，有助于理解阅读文本各部分之间的逻辑联系。 活动三：语言点 1 —— responsible for sth 【知识拓展】responsible for sth 用法讲解 1. 短语：be responsible for + 名词/代词/动名词 (doing) 2. 中文含义： 核心义1：对……负责（人/主体承担责任） 核心义2：是……的原因；导致 3. 词性结构：形容词短语，responsible 是形容词，必须搭配be动词 4. 易错点：后面只能用for，不能用to；for是介词，后接doing不接do 【课堂练习】 1. 用所给词的正确形式填空：He is responsible for ________ (clean) the classroom every day. 【答案】cleaning 【解题思路】be responsible for + doing，for是介词，后接动名词。 2. Who is responsible ______ this project? A. to B. for C. with D. at 【答案】B 【解题思路】responsible后面只能用for，不能用to/with/at。 活动四：读后活动 1d Complete the table about paper before and after Cai Lun. Question Material to write on before Cai Lun Cai Lun's paper What was it like? difficult to use and store, or very expensive soft, light, easy to make and use, cheap What was used to make it? animal bones, bronze ware, stones, wood, bamboo, silk, jute bark, certain plants, old clothes 1e Put the sentences in the correct order (1-4). Then retell the process of making paper in your own words. _____ A. The material was beaten, cut up, and mixed with water. _____ B. All the ingredients were mixed and boiled in water. _____ C. The fibre was dried and pressed to form paper. _____ D. The liquid was poured over a bamboo screen, leaving just the fibre. 【判断技巧】参考答案 正确顺序：1-B 2-A 3-D 4-C B. All the ingredients were mixed and boiled in water. A. The material was beaten, cut up, and mixed with water. D. The liquid was poured over a bamboo screen, leaving just the fibre. C. The fibre was dried and pressed to form paper. 1f Discuss the questions with your partner. 1. What other ancient Chinese inventions do you know? How was the world changed by them? 【参考答案】I know the compass, gunpowder and printing. The compass helped people travel and explore the world. Gunpowder changed wars and later helped with mining and construction. Printing made knowledge spread more easily around the world. 2. What qualities do you think a great inventor has? 【参考答案】A great inventor should be creative, hard-working and patient. They need to observe life carefully, try many times, and never give up when they fail. 活动五：语言点 2 —— later on 【知识拓展】later on 用法讲解 1. "later on" 意为后来；其后，可表阶段递进，暗含“经历一段时间、发生一些事后”。 2. 句法功能： ● 句首状语（最常用）：修饰整个句子，表时间过渡，必须加逗号 例：Later on, the papermaking technique not only speeded up...（后来，造纸术不仅推动了……） ● 句末状语：修饰动词/整句，不加逗号，口语化更强 例：We'll talk about this matter later on.（我们稍后再谈这件事。） 【课堂练习】 1. He finished primary school, and ______ he went to a middle school. A. late on B. later on C. later in D. late 【答案】B 【解题思路】later on是固定搭配，意为“后来；其后”，句中表示时间递进。 2. 翻译句子：后来，造纸术传遍了全世界，促进了知识的传播。 【答案】Later on, papermaking spread all over the world and promoted the spread of knowledge. 【解题思路】later on置于句首加逗号，表示时间过渡。 三、课堂测评 （一）单词填空（根据句意和中文提示写出正确的单词） 1. Can you imagine a world without books? It is hard to imagine such a ________ (现实). 【答案】reality 【解题思路】根据中文提示“现实”和语境，填入名词reality 2. Papermaking was ________ for the rapid spread of information. (作为原因的；有责任的) 【答案】responsible 【解题思路】be responsible for 固定搭配，意为“是……的原因” 3. The ________ (迅速的) development of technology has changed our lives. 【答案】rapid 【解题思路】根据中文提示“迅速的”和修饰名词development，填入形容词rapid 4. In ancient China, ________ (青铜) ware was used to write on. 【答案】bronze 【解题思路】根据中文提示“青铜”和修饰名词ware，填入形容词bronze 5. The paper was soft, light, and most importantly, ________. (便宜的) 【答案】cheap 【解题思路】根据中文提示“便宜的”和语境，填入形容词cheap 6. Cai Lun showed his ________ to the emperor in 105 CE. (创造；作品) 【答案】creation 【解题思路】根据中文提示“创造；作品”和his后接名词，填入名词creation （二）单项选择 1. He is responsible ________ cleaning the classroom every day. A. to B. for C. with D. at 【答案】B 【解题思路】be responsible for 固定搭配，for后接动名词，意为“对……负责” 2. ________, the papermaking technique speeded up the development of Chinese culture. A. Late on B. Later on C. Later in D. Late 【答案】B 【解题思路】later on 固定搭配，意为“后来；其后”，置于句首表时间过渡，加逗号 3. All of these materials were ________ difficult to use ________ very expensive. A. either; or B. neither; nor C. both; and D. not only; but also 【答案】A 【解题思路】either...or... 意为“要么……要么……”，符合原文语境 4. The liquid was poured ________ a bamboo screen, leaving just the fibre. A. on B. over C. in D. at 【答案】B 【解题思路】pour over 意为“倒在……上面”，符合造纸工艺中液体倒在竹筛上的语境 5. This ________ a rapid increase in the number of books. A. resulted from B. resulted in C. led from D. caused to 【答案】B 【解题思路】result in 意为“导致”，主语是原因，宾语是结果；result from 意为“由……引起”，主语是结果 6. The papermaking technique spread to Europe ________ Arabic countries. A. across B. through C. between D. among 【答案】B 【解题思路】through 意为“通过；经由”，表示经过阿拉伯国家传到欧洲 （三）完成句子（每空一词） 1. 造纸术信息迅速传播的原因。 Papermaking ________ ________ ________ the rapid spread of information. 【答案】was responsible for 【解题思路】be responsible for 固定搭配，意为“是……的原因” 2. 所有的材料要么难以使用，要么非常昂贵。 All of these materials were ________ difficult to use ________ very expensive. 【答案】either; or 【解题思路】either...or... 意为“要么……要么……” 3. 这导致了书籍数量的迅速增长。 This ________ ________ a rapid increase in the number of books. 【答案】resulted in / led to 【解题思路】result in / lead to 意为“导致” 4. 后来，造纸术传遍了中国周边的国家。 ________ ________, the papermaking technique spread to China's neighbouring countries. 【答案】Later on 【解题思路】later on 固定搭配，意为“后来”，置于句首加逗号 四、课后作业 1. 复述造纸术的制作过程。 【要求】参考 1e 的四个步骤，用自己的话复述造纸术的制作过程，至少5句话。 2. 写一段话介绍你最喜欢的中国古代发明。 【要求】写一段 60–80 词的短文，介绍一项你最喜欢的中国古代发明，并说明它如何改变了世界。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $AI 生成 Unit 5 Power of Ideas Section B (1a-1f) An Invention That Changed the World 学案 人教版（2024）九年级上册 一、课前预习 （一）重点单词预习 根据音标和中文释义，将下列单词补充完整（部分单词已给出首字母，请补全）。 单词 Word 音标 Phonetic 词性 POS 中文释义 Meaning reality /rɪˈæləti/ n. 现实；事实 p__________ /ˈpeɪpəˌmeɪkɪŋ/ n. 造纸工艺；造纸业 responsible /rɪˈspɒnsəbl/ adj. 作为原因的；有责任的 r____ /ˈræpɪd/ adj. 迅速的；瞬间的 shape /ʃeɪp/ v. / n. 塑造；形状 b_____ /brɒnz/ n. & adj. 青铜（的）；青铜色（的） ware /weə(r)/ n. 制品；陶器 stone /stəʊn/ n. 石头；岩石 j___ /dʒuːt/ n. 黄麻纤维 fibre /ˈfaɪbə(r)/ n. 纤维；纤维素 e________ /ɪkˈspensɪv/ adj. 昂贵的；价格高的 officer /ˈɒfɪsə(r)/ n. 官员；高级职员 w_______ /ˈwɜːkʃɒp/ n. 作坊；讲习班 none /nʌn/ pron. 没有一个；毫无 i____ /aɪˈdiːəl/ adj. / n. 最合适的；理想的 bark /bɑːk/ n. 树皮 certain /ˈsɜːtn/ adj. / pron. 某些；确定的 s_______ /ˈsuːtəbl/ adj. 合适的；适宜的 liquid /ˈlɪkwɪd/ n. / adj. 液体（的） c____ /tʃiːp/ adj. / adv. 便宜的；低廉地 creation /kriˈeɪʃn/ n. 创造；作品 a_____ /ˈærəbɪk/ adj. / n. 阿拉伯语（的） birth /bɜːθ/ n. 起源；诞生 （二）重点短语预习 英文短语 Expression 中文释义 Meaning responsible for sth 对某事负责；是……的原因 later on 后来；其后 speed up 加速 result in 导致；造成 lead to 导致；通向 （三）重点句型预习 ① However, all of these materials were either difficult to use and store, or very expensive. 然而，所有这些材料要么难以使用和储存，要么非常昂贵。 ② This resulted in a new birth of knowledge, creating the world we have today. 这导致了知识的重生，创造了我们今天所拥有的世界。 二、课堂探究 活动一：情景导入 造纸术是中国古代四大发明之一。在没有纸的年代，人们用什么来书写？纸的发明如何改变了世界？让我们一起来探索这项改变世界的发明。 讨论以下问题： 1. What do you know about paper? Where does it come from? 2. Can you imagine a world without paper? What would happen? 3. Who invented papermaking? What do you know about him? 【学生活动】与同桌讨论上述问题，并分享你的想法。 活动二：阅读理解 An Invention That Changed the World [Paragraph 1] Can you imagine a world without books, newspapers, or magazines? All of these things depend on one invention—papermaking. It, more than any other invention, was responsible for the rapid spread of information that shaped our modern world. [Paragraph 2] In ancient China, many different materials were used to write on, such as animal bones, bronze ware, stones, wood, bamboo, and even silk. In the Western Han Dynasty, there was also a very early form of paper made from jute—a fibre that comes from plants. However, all of these materials were either difficult to use and store, or very expensive. [Paragraph 3] As the head officer of the palace workshop for the emperor in the Eastern Han Dynasty, Cai Lun became interested in trying to solve the problem. Different methods for creating something to write on were tried, but none were ideal. In his time, some kinds of bark—the outer part of trees—were used to make clothes. From past experiences, Cai Lun got the idea that bark, certain plants, and old clothes could be used to make a special material suitable to write on. [Paragraph 4] In the first step of Cai Lun's experiment, all the ingredients were mixed and boiled in water. Then, this material was beaten, cut up, and mixed with water again. Next, the liquid was poured over a bamboo screen, leaving just the fibre. Finally, this fibre was dried and pressed to form paper. To everyone's surprise, this paper was soft, light, easy to make and use, and most importantly, cheap. In 105 CE, Cai Lun showed his creation to the emperor. The emperor was very pleased and praised Cai Lun for his great work. [Paragraph 5] Later on, the papermaking technique not only speeded up the development of Chinese culture, but also changed civilizations around the world. It first spread to China's neighbouring countries and finally reached Europe through Arabic countries in the 12th century. When the use of paper and printing came together in later centuries, it led to a rapid increase in the number of books. This resulted in a new birth of knowledge, creating the world we have today. 1b Match each paragraph with its topic. 选项：A. Early materials to write on B. Cai Lun's experiment C. Introduction to the topic D. How paper changed the world E. Cai Lun's creative idea 段落 你的选择 参考答案 Paragraph 1 ______ C. Introduction to the topic Paragraph 2 ______ A. Early materials to write on Paragraph 3 ______ E. Cai Lun's creative idea Paragraph 4 ______ B. Cai Lun's experiment Paragraph 5 ______ D. How paper changed the world 1c Find what the pronouns refer to. 代词 所在段落 指代内容（参考答案） It Paragraph 1 papermaking It Paragraph 5 the papermaking technique it Paragraph 5 the use of paper and printing This Paragraph 5 a rapid increase in the number of books 【理解要点】阅读策略：理解指代词 Noticing what pronouns refer to will help you understand how different parts of the reading are connected. 注意观察代词指代的内容，有助于理解阅读文本各部分之间的逻辑联系。 活动三：语言点 1 —— responsible for sth 【知识拓展】responsible for sth 用法讲解 1. 短语：be responsible for + 名词/代词/动名词 (doing) 2. 中文含义： 核心义1：对……负责（人/主体承担责任） 核心义2：是……的原因；导致 3. 词性结构：形容词短语，responsible 是形容词，必须搭配be动词 4. 易错点：后面只能用for，不能用to；for是介词，后接doing不接do 【课堂练习】 1. 用所给词的正确形式填空：He is responsible for ________ (clean) the classroom every day. 【答案】cleaning 【解题思路】be responsible for + doing，for是介词，后接动名词。 2. Who is responsible ______ this project? A. to B. for C. with D. at 活动四：读后活动 1d Complete the table about paper before and after Cai Lun. Question Material to write on before Cai Lun Cai Lun's paper What was it like? difficult to use and store, or very expensive soft, light, easy to make and use, cheap What was used to make it? animal bones, bronze ware, stones, wood, bamboo, silk, jute bark, certain plants, old clothes 1e Put the sentences in the correct order (1-4). Then retell the process of making paper in your own words. _____ A. The material was beaten, cut up, and mixed with water. _____ B. All the ingredients were mixed and boiled in water. _____ C. The fibre was dried and pressed to form paper. _____ D. The liquid was poured over a bamboo screen, leaving just the fibre. 1f Discuss the questions with your partner. 1. What other ancient Chinese inventions do you know? How was the world changed by them? 2. What qualities do you think a great inventor has? 活动五：语言点 2 —— later on 【知识拓展】later on 用法讲解 1. "later on" 意为后来；其后，可表阶段递进，暗含“经历一段时间、发生一些事后”。 2. 句法功能： ● 句首状语（最常用）：修饰整个句子，表时间过渡，必须加逗号 例：Later on, the papermaking technique not only speeded up...（后来，造纸术不仅推动了……） ● 句末状语：修饰动词/整句，不加逗号，口语化更强 例：We'll talk about this matter later on.（我们稍后再谈这件事。） 【课堂练习】 1. He finished primary school, and ______ he went to a middle school. A. late on B. later on C. later in D. late 2. 翻译句子：后来，造纸术传遍了全世界，促进了知识的传播。 三、课堂测评 （一）单词填空（根据句意和中文提示写出正确的单词） 1. Can you imagine a world without books? It is hard to imagine such a ________ (现实). 2. Papermaking was ________ for the rapid spread of information. (作为原因的；有责任的) 3. The ________ (迅速的) development of technology has changed our lives. 4. In ancient China, ________ (青铜) ware was used to write on. 5. The paper was soft, light, and most importantly, ________. (便宜的) 6. Cai Lun showed his ________ to the emperor in 105 CE. (创造；作品) （二）单项选择 1. He is responsible ________ cleaning the classroom every day. A. to B. for C. with D. at 2. ________, the papermaking technique speeded up the development of Chinese culture. A. Late on B. Later on C. Later in D. Late 3. All of these materials were ________ difficult to use ________ very expensive. A. either; or B. neither; nor C. both; and D. not only; but also 4. The liquid was poured ________ a bamboo screen, leaving just the fibre. A. on B. over C. in D. at 5. This ________ a rapid increase in the number of books. A. resulted from B. resulted in C. led from D. caused to 6. The papermaking technique spread to Europe ________ Arabic countries. A. across B. through C. between D. among （三）完成句子（每空一词） 1. 造纸术信息迅速传播的原因。 Papermaking ________ ________ ________ the rapid spread of information. 2. 所有的材料要么难以使用，要么非常昂贵。 All of these materials were ________ difficult to use ________ very expensive. 3. 这导致了书籍数量的迅速增长。 This ________ ________ a rapid increase in the number of books. 4. 后来，造纸术传遍了中国周边的国家。 ________ ________, the papermaking technique spread to China's neighbouring countries. 四、课后作业 1. 复述造纸术的制作过程。 【要求】参考 1e 的四个步骤，用自己的话复述造纸术的制作过程，至少5句话。 2. 写一段话介绍你最喜欢的中国古代发明。 【要求】写一段 60–80 词的短文，介绍一项你最喜欢的中国古代发明，并说明它如何改变了世界。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $