2026年暑假初中英语（人教版八升九）形容词、名词变动词（模拟）专项练习题

**基本信息** 聚焦形容词、名词变动词，通过三级训练体系（基础-转换-辨析）结合变形规则、易错总结及解题口诀，系统提升词性转换能力，强化语言理解与表达的思维品质。 **专项设计** |模块|题量/典例|方法提炼|知识逻辑| |----|-----------|----------|----------| |基础单选|20题|常规变形识别（情态动词后接动词原形等）|核心变形规则（-en/-ify/前缀en-）应用| |句型转换|18题|形/名变动词改写与同义转换|词性转换与句式转换结合，构建语法应用链条| |易混语境辨析|17题|特殊变形及语境选词（如brave/embolden辨析）|高频易错词与语境适配，提升语言运用精准度|

2026年暑假初中英语形容词、名词变动词专项练习题 第一类：基础单选（常规变形、基础词性转换）共 20 题 1. We should _______ our classroom every day to keep it tidy. A. clean B. cleanly C. cleanliness D. cleaning 2. The new policy will _______ people’s life greatly. A. better B. good C. well D. goodness 3. We need to _______ our courage when facing difficulties. A. brave B. bravely C. bravery D. embolden 4. The artist tries his best to _______ the small village. A. beautiful B. beauty C. beautify D. beautifully 5. Reading more books can _______ your knowledge. A. rich B. richly C. richness D. enrich 6. The teacher hopes we can _______ our oral English. A. perfect B. perfectly C. perfection D. perfecting 7. We must _______ our goals with continuous effort. A. final B. finally C. finalize D. finality 8. The warm sunshine can _______ the whole room. A. bright B. brightly C. brightness D. brighten 9. We should learn to _______ our mistakes in time. A. correct B. correctable C. correction D. correctly 10. The new rules will _______ the school management. A. strong B. strongly C. strength D. strengthen 11. Kind words can _______ people’s hearts. A. soft B. softly C. softness D. soften 12. We need to _______ our living habits to keep healthy. A. pure B. purely C. purity D. purify 13. The teacher asked me to _______ the difficult sentence so that everyone could understand it. A. clean B. clarify C. cleanliness D. cleanable 14. Practice can _______ your skills and improve your level. A. sharp B. sharply C. sharpness D. sharpen 15. We should _______ the traditional Chinese culture. A. wide B. widely C. width D. widen 16. The doctor’s words _______ the patient’s mood quickly. A. calm B. calmly C. calmness D. calming 17. Hard training can _______ your body and mind. A. firm B. firmly C. firmness D. firming 18. Before the experiment, we should _______ the whole process to make sure every step is correct. A. specific B. specify C. specifically D. special 19. The new technology will _______ people’s daily life. A. simple B. simply C. simplicity D. simplify 20. We should _______ our horizons by traveling more. A. broad B. broadly C. broadness D. broaden 第二类：句型转换（形/名变动词、同义改写、词性填空）共 18 题 （一）将句中形容词/名词改为对应动词改写句子（6 题） 1. Our classroom is clean every day.（用动词改写） 2. The color of the walls in this room is dark.（用动词改写） 3. His knowledge is rich enough to help him solve problems.（用动词改写） 4. The light is bright in the classroom.（用动词改写） 5. The rules make our management strong.（用动词改写） 6. The road is wide and smooth now.（用动词改写） （二）同义句转换（形/名/动词互换）（6 题） 1. We beautify our school garden every month.（改为形容词句式） 2. Hard work enriches our experience.（改为名词句式） 3. The teacher simplifies the difficult problem.（改为形容词句式） 4. Exercise strengthens our physical health.（改为名词句式） 5. We broaden our knowledge through reading.（改为形容词句式） 6. The warm words soften her sad mood.（改为形容词句式） 第三类：易混语境辨析（特殊变形、形近动词、语境选词）共 17 题 1. The government tries to _______ people’s living conditions. A. better B. best C. good D. well 2. We must _______ our attitude towards study and work hard. A. pure B. purify C. purity D. purely 3. More communication can _______ the relationship between people. A. broad B. broaden C. broadness D. broadly 4. The teacher’s patient guidance _______ the students’ confidence. A. strong B. strength C. strengthen D. strongly 5. We should _______ our mistakes bravely and correct them. A. face B. brave C. bravery D. bravely 6. New books and stories can _______ your mind greatly. A. rich B. enrich C. richness D. richly 7. We should ______ our own strengths and weaknesses before making a study plan. A. real  B. really  C. reality  D. realize 8. The soft music can _______ your tired nerves after study. A. soft B. soften C. softness D. softly 9. We should keep learning to _______ our personal ability. A. perfect B. perfectly C. perfection D. perfecting 10. The city government plans to _______ the old urban area. A. beauty B. beautiful C. beautify D. beautifully 11. A peaceful environment can _______ people’s mood and mind. A. calm B. calmly C. calmness D. calming 12. Long-term practice will _______ your reaction speed. A. sharp B. sharpen C. sharpness D. sharply 13. We need to _______ the steps of the complicated experiment. A. simple B. simply C. simplify D. simplicity 14. Positive exercise can _______ your willpower and courage. A. firm B. firmly C. firmness D. firming 15. The new policy helps to _______ the gap between urban and rural areas. A. narrow B. narrowly C. narrowness D. narrowish 16. Warm encouragement can _______ the pressure on students. A. light B. lightly C. lightness D. lighten 17. Traditional festivals can _______ people’s sense of homeland. A. deep B. deeply C. depth D. deepen 参考答案 + 详细解析 第一类：基础单选（20 题） 1. A 解析：情态动词should后接动词原形，clean可作动词“打扫”，其余为形容词、名词或动名词，不符合语法。 2. A 解析：better为形容词变动词，意为“改善、优化”，符合改善生活的语境，其余词性不符。 3. D 解析：embolden作动词表示增强、鼓起勇气，符合此处接宾语our courage的语境；brave作动词时一般表示勇敢面对危险、困境，不搭配courage作宾语。 4. C 解析：形容词beautiful变动词beautify，意为“美化”，不定式to后接动词原形。 5. D 解析：形容词rich变动词enrich，意为“丰富”，enrich knowledge为固定搭配。 6. A 解析：perfect可作动词，意为“完善、使完美”，符合完善英语口语的语境。 7. C 解析：形容词final变动词finalize，意为“敲定、完成”，符合达成目标的语境。 8. D 解析：形容词bright变动词brighten，意为“照亮、使明亮”，可作谓语动词。 9. A 解析：correct可作动词“改正”，correct mistakes为固定搭配，词性贴合句子结构。 10. D 解析：名词strength变动词strengthen，意为“加强、完善”，强化学校管理。 11. D 解析：形容词soft变动词soften，意为“温暖、软化”，暖心为固定语境用法。 12. D 解析：形容词pure变动词purify，意为“净化、端正”，端正生活习惯。 13. B 解析：这里考查形容词 clear → 动词 clarify 的变形，clarify 作动词“澄清、阐明”。 14. D 解析：形容词sharp变动词sharpen，意为“提升、磨练”，磨练技能、提升水平。 15. D 解析：形容词wide变动词widen，意为“拓宽”，拓宽文化传播范围。 16. A 解析：calm可作动词“平复、安抚”，安抚病人情绪，贴合语境。 17. A 解析：firm可作动词“坚定、锤炼”，锤炼身心，符合句意。 18. B 解析：specify 为动词，意为“明确说明、详细指定”，情态动词 should 后接动词原形，符合“明确整个流程以确保每一步都正确”的语境。A项 specific 为形容词，C项 specifically 为副词，D项 special 为形容词，均不能作谓语动词。 19. D 解析：形容词simple变动词simplify，意为“简化”，简化日常生活。 20. D 解析：形容词broad变动词broaden，意为“开阔”，broaden horizons为固定搭配“开阔眼界”。 第二类：句型转换（18 题） （一）形容词/名词变动词改写句子 1. We clean our classroom every day. 2. The color of the walls in this room darkens. 3. His knowledge enriches him and helps him solve problems. 4. The light brightens the classroom. 5. The new rules strengthen the school management. 6. Workers widen and smooth the road now. （二）同义句转换 1. Our school garden is beautiful every month. 2. Hard work brings enrichment to our experience. 3. The difficult problem is simple with the teacher’s help. 4. Exercise brings strength to our physical health. 5. Our knowledge is broad through reading. 6. Her sad mood is soft with warm words. 第三类：易混语境辨析（17 题） 1. A 解析：better作动词表“改善”，贴合改善民生的语境，其余无动词用法。 2. B 解析：purify为动词“端正、净化”，情态动词must后接动词原形。 3. B 解析：broaden动词“拓宽、增进”，增进人际关系，符合句意。 4. C 解析：strengthen动词“增强”，增强自信心，为固定搭配。 5. A 解析：face作动词“面对”，brave作动词为“鼓起勇气”，贴合直面错误语境选face。 6. B 解析：enrich动词“丰富”，丰富思想，为初中高频固定用法。 7. D 解析：情态动词 should 后接动词原形。realize 为动词，意为“认识到、实现”，符合“制定计划前认清自身优缺点”的语境。A为形容词，B为副词，C为名词，均不能作谓语动词。 8. B 解析：soften动词“舒缓”，舒缓疲惫的神经，符合句意。 9. A 解析：perfect作动词“完善”，持续学习完善个人能力。 10. C 解析：beautify动词“美化、改造”，改造老城区，贴合市政语境。 11. A 解析：calm动词“平复、舒缓”，平和的环境舒缓心情。 12. B 解析：sharpen动词“提升、加快”，提升反应速度。 13. C 解析：simplify动词“简化”，简化复杂实验步骤。 14. A 解析：firm动词“坚定、磨练”，磨练意志力。 15. A 解析：narrow动词“缩小”，缩小城乡差距，高频固定搭配。 16. D 解析：lighten动词“减轻”，减轻学生压力，贴合教育语境。 17. D 解析：deepen动词“加深”，加深家国情怀，符合句意。 语法知识复习 一、形容词/名词变动词核心变形规则（必考） 变形后缀 规则说明 例词（adj./n.→v.） -en（形容词变动词） 短形容词后加en，表“使……变得” bright→brighten、soft→soften、sharp→sharpen -ify（形容词变动词） 多数长形容词加ify，表“使……化” simple→simplify、pure→purify -en（名词变动词） 抽象名词加en，表“增强、加深” strength→strengthen、depth→deepen、length→lengthen 前缀en-（形容词变动词） 前缀加持，表“使……变得” rich→enrich、large→enlarge、able→enable 特殊零变形 形动词同形，无需变形 clean、calm、firm、brave 二、初中高频必考变形汇总 1. wide (adj.宽阔的) → widen (v.拓宽) 2. broad (adj.广阔的) → broaden (v.开阔) 3. beautiful (adj.美丽的) → beautify (v.美化) 4. light (adj.轻的) → lighten (v.减轻) 5. narrow (adj.狭窄的) → narrow (v.缩小) 6. good/well (adj.好的) → better (v.改善) 三、高频易错点总结 ❌ 易错：直接用形容词作谓语（例：We rich our life） ✅ 正确：动词作谓语（We enrich our life） ❌ 易错：混淆词性后缀，随意造词（sharp→sharplyen） ✅ 正确：熟记固定变形，sharp→sharpen 💡 核心考点：句子缺谓语动词时，必须将形容词/名词转换为对应动词形式 四、解题核心口诀 句子缺谓用动词，形名变动记分明； 短形加en使变化，长形ify表化成； rich加en变富足，strong加en变强盛； 同形单词直接用，词性辨析不踩坑。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $