第9卷 阅读理解（说明文）-【2027版】陕西省（高职分类考试）《英语45分钟训练卷》（原卷版+解析版）

**基本信息** 聚焦说明文阅读，通过校园、劳动实践等贴近职业场景的语篇，系统训练细节定位、词义猜测、主旨概括和合理推断，提升语言理解与逻辑思维能力。 **专项设计** |模块|题量/典例|题型特征|知识逻辑| |----|-----------|----------|----------| |细节定位|15题（如1、2、6题）|直接信息查找，考查对具体事实的识别|基础理解能力，为高阶思维提供信息支撑| |词义猜测|5题（如3、9、14题）|通过上下文语境推断生词含义|辅助语篇理解，连接已知与未知信息| |主旨概括|5题（如5、10、25题）|归纳段落或文章核心思想|综合信息提炼能力，体现对语篇整体把握|

编写说明：本卷依据最新版《中等职业学校英语课程标准》和历年真题编写。本系列定位为45分钟训练卷，用于课堂限时训练、周测检测和阶段复习。本卷为第9卷，是说明文的阅读专项训练，语篇均选材贴近校园学习、劳动实践、公共服务和职业体验，重点训练细节定位、词义猜测、主旨概括和合理推断。 【2027版】陕西省（高职分类考试）《英语45分钟训练卷》 第9卷 阅读理解（说明文） 考试时间：45分钟 满分：100分 班级______姓名______学号______成绩______ 阅读理解（共25小题，每小题4分，满分100分） 阅读下面短文，从A、B、C、D四个选项中选出一个最佳选项。 Passage 1 Many vocational schools have small tool cupboards in training rooms, but some schools are trying a smarter borrowing corner. It looks like a bookcase with clear boxes. Each box holds common tools such as rulers, gloves, screwdrivers and measuring tapes. Students scan a class card before taking a tool and scan again when they return it. The system does not replace teachers. Instead, it helps teachers see which tools are used most often and which ones are often returned late. When a tool is missing, the record shows the last class that borrowed it. This makes the process more transparent and saves time during busy training lessons. The borrowing corner also teaches responsibility. A student who borrows a ruler must put it back clean and straight. If the ruler is broken, the student should report it rather than hide it. Small actions like these help students understand workplace rules before they enter a real workshop. Some students worried that the system would be too strict. After several weeks, however, most of them found it useful. Tools were easier to find, teachers spent less time checking cupboards, and group practice started faster. A simple corner had become a quiet lesson in order, honesty and shared resources. It also helped new students understand that public tools belong to everyone, so careful borrowing is part of class discipline and future workplace behavior. Teachers can also use the weekly records to discuss teamwork, care for equipment and respect for common property. 1. What is stored in the borrowing corner? A. School uniforms B. Common tools C. Lunch boxes D. Music tickets 2. How do students borrow a tool? A. By scanning a class card B. By writing a long report C. By calling parents D. By paying at the gate 3. What does the underlined word transparent mean? A. Full of loud sounds B. Very heavy to move C. Easy to see through or understand D. Painted in dark colors 4. What should a student do if a ruler is broken? A. Hide it in the box B. Take it home C. Throw away the card D. Report it 5. What is the main purpose of the passage? A. To explain a useful school tool system B. To sell expensive tool boxes C. To invite parents to a show D. To describe a sports game Passage 2 A short noon rest is not simply a lazy habit. For many vocational students, the morning includes academic lessons, physical practice and workshop training. After lunch, the brain needs time to slow down before it can work well again. A rest of fifteen to twenty minutes may improve attention in the afternoon. Teachers have noticed that students who rest properly are less likely to make small mistakes in training rooms. They read steps more carefully, listen to safety reminders and finish group tasks with better patience. The effect is not magic. Rest only works when students also sleep enough at night and avoid using phones before closing their eyes. A good noon rest should be brief. If it lasts too long, students may feel heavy and miss the beginning of class. The room should be quiet, lights can be softened, and students should put tools and cups away before lying on desks. These details keep the classroom safe and clean. Schools do not need a complicated rule to support noon rest. Clear time limits, a calm environment and student self-control are enough. When students learn to manage rest, they also learn to manage energy, which is important in both study and future work. A student who knows when to rest and when to focus is more likely to stay safe, patient and productive during long practical tasks. The same habit may later help them work steadily during internships and customer service. 6. How long may a good noon rest last according to the passage? A. Two hours B. A whole afternoon C. Fifteen to twenty minutes D. Only one minute 7. What are rested students less likely to do? A. Listen to teachers B. Make small mistakes C. Read steps D. Join group tasks 8. What should students avoid before closing their eyes? A. Using phones B. Putting tools away C. Keeping the room quiet D. Having lunch 9. What does the underlined word brief mean? A. Expensive B. Noisy C. Dangerous D. Short 10. What ability can students learn by managing rest? A. Selling tools B. Painting walls C. Managing energy D. Driving buses Passage 3 Repairing old things is becoming popular in some schools. A broken chair, a loose handle or a schoolbag with a torn pocket may look useless at first. In fact, many of these things can be repaired with simple tools and careful work. A repair activity gives students a chance to learn by doing. Before a repair day, students collect items from classrooms and dormitories. Teachers help them decide which items are safe to repair. Electrical products are usually left to professionals, but wooden, cloth and plastic items are good practice materials. Students then clean the items, check the problems and choose suitable materials. The activity is practical because it connects knowledge with daily life. Students who learn measurement in math class can use it to cut a board. Those who practice sewing can fix a pocket. When the repaired item is used again, students can see the value of their work immediately. Repairing old things also changes attitudes. Students begin to ask whether something can be fixed before throwing it away. They learn that saving resources is not only a slogan on a poster. It can be a chair made steady again, a bag used for another term, or a small habit kept in everyday life. The activity may begin with one chair or one bag, but it often leads students to look at desks, uniforms and tools with a more responsible eye. This kind of eye is useful in workshops, dormitories and homes. 11. What may look useless at first? A. A broken chair B. A new textbook C. A clean window D. A full water bottle 12. Who helps students decide safe repair items? A. Visitors B. Bus drivers C. Teachers D. Shop owners 13. Which items are usually left to professionals? A. Plastic boxes B. Cloth bags C. Wooden chairs D. Electrical products 14. What does the underlined word practical mean? A. Hard to pronounce B. Useful in real life C. Made for decoration D. Far from daily use 15. What attitude does the activity help students build? A. Try fixing before throwing away B. Buy new things quickly C. Keep slogans only on posters D. Avoid using tools Passage 4 Signs in public places may seem ordinary, but they guide people every day. In a hospital, a clear sign can help a patient find the right department quickly. At a bus station, it can show where to wait and which door to use. In a school workshop, it can remind students of safety rules before they touch tools. Good signs share several features. They use simple words, large letters and strong color contrast. A sign should be placed where people naturally look, such as near a door, beside a machine or at a turning point. If people must search for a sign, the sign has already failed part of its job. Pictures can make signs more effective. A red circle with a line across it is easier to understand than a long warning sentence. However, pictures should not be confusing. Designers need to test signs with real users, especially children, older people and visitors who are new to the place. Clear signs are a small part of public service. They reduce questions, save time and prevent danger. More importantly, they show respect for people who use the space. A well-designed sign says silently, 'We have thought about your needs before you ask for help.' For this reason, sign design is not only an art task but also a service task that requires observation, testing and care. A small change in wording or position may help hundreds of people move with less stress. 16. Where can a sign remind students of safety rules? A. Inside a movie story B. In a flower shop C. On a mountain path only D. In a school workshop 17. Which feature belongs to good signs? A. Simple words B. Tiny letters C. Hidden places D. Long stories 18. Where should a sign be placed? A. Where nobody passes B. Where people naturally look C. Under a closed box D. Behind a curtain 19. What does the underlined word effective mean? A. Full of water B. Easy to lose C. Working well D. Slow to move 20. What do clear signs show according to the passage? A. Respect for users B. A wish to sell tickets C. A plan to close schools D. Interest in long speeches Passage 5 A small weather station on a school roof can turn weather reports into something students can touch. It may include a thermometer, a rain gauge and a wind direction tool. Students record temperature, rainfall and wind every school day, then compare their data with city weather reports. This work helps students understand that weather is not only a number on a phone. A small change in wind may affect outdoor practice. Several dry days may tell the gardening group to water vegetables earlier. Heavy rain records can remind the school to check drains before the next storm. The station also builds a habit of observing. Students cannot write numbers carelessly, because wrong data may lead to wrong decisions. They need to read the scale at eye level, record the time and keep the tools clean. These steps are similar to many workplace tasks that require accuracy. After a term, students may draw simple charts from their records. They can see patterns, ask questions and explain changes in their own words. They may compare sunny weeks with rainy weeks, discuss why a windy day feels colder, and decide how weather information can guide outdoor work. The small station does not make them weather experts, but it teaches them to respect facts and connect science with daily life. When they later read a weather warning, they can understand it through their own records instead of treating it as a distant message. Such learning makes science lessons more concrete and useful. 21. Where may the small weather station be placed? A. Inside a lunch box B. On a school roof C. Under a river D. In a bus seat 22. What do students record every school day? A. Library stories B. Ticket prices C. Lunch menus D. Temperature, rainfall and wind 23. What may several dry days tell the gardening group to do? A. Water vegetables earlier B. Close the library C. Paint the roof D. Cancel all classes 24. What does the underlined word observing mean? A. Buying quickly B. Sleeping deeply C. Watching carefully D. Speaking loudly 25. What can students do after a term? A. Become weather experts at once B. Draw simple charts C. Stop recording facts D. Throw away the tools 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！ 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 编写说明：本卷依据最新版《中等职业学校英语课程标准》和历年真题编写。本系列定位为45分钟训练卷，用于课堂限时训练、周测检测和阶段复习。本卷为第9卷，是说明文的阅读专项训练，语篇均选材贴近校园学习、劳动实践、公共服务和职业体验，重点训练细节定位、词义猜测、主旨概括和合理推断。 【2027版】陕西省（高职分类考试）《英语45分钟训练卷》 第9卷 阅读理解（说明文） 考试时间：45分钟 满分：100分 班级______姓名______学号______成绩______ 阅读理解（共25小题，每小题4分，满分100分） 阅读下面短文，从A、B、C、D四个选项中选出一个最佳选项。 Passage 1 Many vocational schools have small tool cupboards in training rooms, but some schools are trying a smarter borrowing corner. It looks like a bookcase with clear boxes. Each box holds common tools such as rulers, gloves, screwdrivers and measuring tapes. Students scan a class card before taking a tool and scan again when they return it. The system does not replace teachers. Instead, it helps teachers see which tools are used most often and which ones are often returned late. When a tool is missing, the record shows the last class that borrowed it. This makes the process more transparent and saves time during busy training lessons. The borrowing corner also teaches responsibility. A student who borrows a ruler must put it back clean and straight. If the ruler is broken, the student should report it rather than hide it. Small actions like these help students understand workplace rules before they enter a real workshop. Some students worried that the system would be too strict. After several weeks, however, most of them found it useful. Tools were easier to find, teachers spent less time checking cupboards, and group practice started faster. A simple corner had become a quiet lesson in order, honesty and shared resources. It also helped new students understand that public tools belong to everyone, so careful borrowing is part of class discipline and future workplace behavior. Teachers can also use the weekly records to discuss teamwork, care for equipment and respect for common property. 1. What is stored in the borrowing corner? A. School uniforms B. Common tools C. Lunch boxes D. Music tickets 2. How do students borrow a tool? A. By scanning a class card B. By writing a long report C. By calling parents D. By paying at the gate 3. What does the underlined word transparent mean? A. Full of loud sounds B. Very heavy to move C. Easy to see through or understand D. Painted in dark colors 4. What should a student do if a ruler is broken? A. Hide it in the box B. Take it home C. Throw away the card D. Report it 5. What is the main purpose of the passage? A. To explain a useful school tool system B. To sell expensive tool boxes C. To invite parents to a show D. To describe a sports game 【答案】1. B 2. A 3. C 4. D 5. A 【导语】这篇说明文介绍校园工具借用柜的运行方式及其对责任意识的培养作用。 【解析】 1. 考查细节理解。原文依据：Each box holds common tools such as rulers, gloves, screwdrivers and measuring tapes.，句意为：每个盒子里放着尺子、手套、螺丝刀和卷尺等常用工具。A选项School uniforms意为“校服”；B选项Common tools意为“常用工具”；C选项Lunch boxes意为“午餐盒”；D选项Music tickets意为“音乐票”。原文直接说明盒子中存放的是常用工具。故选B。 2. 考查细节理解。原文依据：Students scan a class card before taking a tool and scan again when they return it.，句意为：学生拿工具前扫描班级卡，归还时再次扫描。A选项By scanning a class card意为“扫描班级卡”；B选项By writing a long report意为“写长报告”；C选项By calling parents意为“给家长打电话”；D选项By paying at the gate意为“在门口付款”。借还流程通过扫描班级卡完成。故选A。 3. 考查词义猜测。原文依据：the record shows the last class that borrowed it. This makes the process more transparent，句意为：记录显示最后借用工具的班级，这使流程更清楚透明。A选项Full of loud sounds意为“充满噪声的”；B选项Very heavy to move意为“非常重、难移动的”；C选项Easy to see through or understand意为“容易看清或理解的”；D选项Painted in dark colors意为“涂成深色的”。有记录可查，流程就更清楚透明。故选C。 4. 考查细节理解。原文依据：If the ruler is broken, the student should report it rather than hide it.，句意为：如果尺子坏了，学生应该报告而不是隐藏。A选项Hide it in the box意为“把它藏进盒子”；B选项Take it home意为“把它带回家”；C选项Throw away the card意为“扔掉卡片”；D选项Report it意为“报告情况”。原文明确要求工具损坏时要报告。故选D。 5. 考查主旨理解。原文依据：A simple corner had become a quiet lesson in order, honesty and shared resources. It also helped new students understand that public tools belong to everyone, so careful borrowing is part of class discipline and future workplace behavior.，句意为：一个简单角落成了关于秩序、诚实和共享资源的安静课堂。A选项To explain a useful school tool system意为“解释一种有用的校园工具系统”；B选项To sell expensive tool boxes意为“出售昂贵工具箱”；C选项To invite parents to a show意为“邀请家长看演出”；D选项To describe a sports game意为“描述体育比赛”。全文围绕工具借用柜的运行和教育作用展开。故选A。 Passage 2 A short noon rest is not simply a lazy habit. For many vocational students, the morning includes academic lessons, physical practice and workshop training. After lunch, the brain needs time to slow down before it can work well again. A rest of fifteen to twenty minutes may improve attention in the afternoon. Teachers have noticed that students who rest properly are less likely to make small mistakes in training rooms. They read steps more carefully, listen to safety reminders and finish group tasks with better patience. The effect is not magic. Rest only works when students also sleep enough at night and avoid using phones before closing their eyes. A good noon rest should be brief. If it lasts too long, students may feel heavy and miss the beginning of class. The room should be quiet, lights can be softened, and students should put tools and cups away before lying on desks. These details keep the classroom safe and clean. Schools do not need a complicated rule to support noon rest. Clear time limits, a calm environment and student self-control are enough. When students learn to manage rest, they also learn to manage energy, which is important in both study and future work. A student who knows when to rest and when to focus is more likely to stay safe, patient and productive during long practical tasks. The same habit may later help them work steadily during internships and customer service. 6. How long may a good noon rest last according to the passage? A. Two hours B. A whole afternoon C. Fifteen to twenty minutes D. Only one minute 7. What are rested students less likely to do? A. Listen to teachers B. Make small mistakes C. Read steps D. Join group tasks 8. What should students avoid before closing their eyes? A. Using phones B. Putting tools away C. Keeping the room quiet D. Having lunch 9. What does the underlined word brief mean? A. Expensive B. Noisy C. Dangerous D. Short 10. What ability can students learn by managing rest? A. Selling tools B. Painting walls C. Managing energy D. Driving buses 【答案】6. C 7. B 8. A 9. D 10. C 【导语】这篇说明文说明合理午休对职业学校学生学习与实训表现的影响。 【解析】 6. 考查细节理解。原文依据：A rest of fifteen to twenty minutes may improve attention in the afternoon.，句意为：十五到二十分钟的休息可能提高下午的注意力。A选项Two hours意为“两个小时”；B选项A whole afternoon意为“整个下午”；C选项Fifteen to twenty minutes意为“十五到二十分钟”；D选项Only one minute意为“只有一分钟”。原文给出了合适午休时长。故选C。 7. 考查细节理解。原文依据：students who rest properly are less likely to make small mistakes in training rooms.，句意为：适当休息的学生在实训室更不容易犯小错误。A选项Listen to teachers意为“听老师讲”；B选项Make small mistakes意为“犯小错误”；C选项Read steps意为“阅读步骤”；D选项Join group tasks意为“参加小组任务”。原文说明适当休息可减少小错误。故选B。 8. 考查细节理解。原文依据：Rest only works when students also sleep enough at night and avoid using phones before closing their eyes.，句意为：只有夜间睡眠充足并在闭眼前避免使用手机，休息才有效。A选项Using phones意为“使用手机”；B选项Putting tools away意为“收好工具”；C选项Keeping the room quiet意为“保持安静”；D选项Having lunch意为“吃午饭”。原文明确提到闭眼前避免使用手机。故选A。 9. 考查词义猜测。原文依据：A good noon rest should be brief. If it lasts too long, students may feel heavy，句意为：好的午休应该短暂；如果时间过长，学生可能感到昏沉。A选项Expensive意为“昂贵的”；B选项Noisy意为“吵闹的”；C选项Dangerous意为“危险的”；D选项Short意为“短暂的”。后句说明时间太长不好，因此brief表示短暂。故选D。 10. 考查细节理解。原文依据：When students learn to manage rest, they also learn to manage energy，句意为：当学生学会管理休息时，也学会管理精力。A选项Selling tools意为“出售工具”；B选项Painting walls意为“粉刷墙壁”；C选项Managing energy意为“管理精力”；D选项Driving buses意为“驾驶公交”。文章结尾点明管理休息也是管理精力。故选C。 Passage 3 Repairing old things is becoming popular in some schools. A broken chair, a loose handle or a schoolbag with a torn pocket may look useless at first. In fact, many of these things can be repaired with simple tools and careful work. A repair activity gives students a chance to learn by doing. Before a repair day, students collect items from classrooms and dormitories. Teachers help them decide which items are safe to repair. Electrical products are usually left to professionals, but wooden, cloth and plastic items are good practice materials. Students then clean the items, check the problems and choose suitable materials. The activity is practical because it connects knowledge with daily life. Students who learn measurement in math class can use it to cut a board. Those who practice sewing can fix a pocket. When the repaired item is used again, students can see the value of their work immediately. Repairing old things also changes attitudes. Students begin to ask whether something can be fixed before throwing it away. They learn that saving resources is not only a slogan on a poster. It can be a chair made steady again, a bag used for another term, or a small habit kept in everyday life. The activity may begin with one chair or one bag, but it often leads students to look at desks, uniforms and tools with a more responsible eye. This kind of eye is useful in workshops, dormitories and homes. 11. What may look useless at first? A. A broken chair B. A new textbook C. A clean window D. A full water bottle 12. Who helps students decide safe repair items? A. Visitors B. Bus drivers C. Teachers D. Shop owners 13. Which items are usually left to professionals? A. Plastic boxes B. Cloth bags C. Wooden chairs D. Electrical products 14. What does the underlined word practical mean? A. Hard to pronounce B. Useful in real life C. Made for decoration D. Far from daily use 15. What attitude does the activity help students build? A. Try fixing before throwing away B. Buy new things quickly C. Keep slogans only on posters D. Avoid using tools 【答案】11. A 12. C 13. D 14. B 15. A 【导语】这篇说明文介绍校园旧物修复活动如何减少浪费并训练实际技能。 【解析】 11. 考查细节理解。原文依据：A broken chair, a loose handle or a schoolbag with a torn pocket may look useless at first.，句意为：坏椅子、松动的把手或口袋破了的书包起初可能看起来没用。A选项A broken chair意为“坏椅子”；B选项A new textbook意为“新课本”；C选项A clean window意为“干净窗户”；D选项A full water bottle意为“满水瓶”。原文列举坏椅子等看似无用的物品。故选A。 12. 考查细节理解。原文依据：Teachers help them decide which items are safe to repair.，句意为：老师帮助他们判断哪些物品可以安全修复。A选项Visitors意为“访客”；B选项Bus drivers意为“公交司机”；C选项Teachers意为“老师”；D选项Shop owners意为“店主”。安全判断由老师协助完成。故选C。 13. 考查细节理解。原文依据：Electrical products are usually left to professionals，句意为：电器产品通常留给专业人员处理。A选项Plastic boxes意为“塑料盒”；B选项Cloth bags意为“布包”；C选项Wooden chairs意为“木椅”；D选项Electrical products意为“电器产品”。原文说明电器通常交给专业人员。故选D。 14. 考查词义猜测。原文依据：The activity is practical because it connects knowledge with daily life.，句意为：这项活动很实用，因为它把知识与日常生活连接起来。A选项Hard to pronounce意为“难发音的”；B选项Useful in real life意为“在现实生活中有用的”；C选项Made for decoration意为“用于装饰的”；D选项Far from daily use意为“远离日常使用的”。活动连接知识与生活，所以practical表示实用的。故选B。 15. 考查细节理解。原文依据：Students begin to ask whether something can be fixed before throwing it away.，句意为：学生开始在扔掉东西前思考它是否能被修好。A选项Try fixing before throwing away意为“扔掉前先尝试修复”；B选项Buy new things quickly意为“快速买新东西”；C选项Keep slogans only on posters意为“只把口号留在海报上”；D选项Avoid using tools意为“避免使用工具”。活动帮助学生形成先修复再丢弃的意识。故选A。 Passage 4 Signs in public places may seem ordinary, but they guide people every day. In a hospital, a clear sign can help a patient find the right department quickly. At a bus station, it can show where to wait and which door to use. In a school workshop, it can remind students of safety rules before they touch tools. Good signs share several features. They use simple words, large letters and strong color contrast. A sign should be placed where people naturally look, such as near a door, beside a machine or at a turning point. If people must search for a sign, the sign has already failed part of its job. Pictures can make signs more effective. A red circle with a line across it is easier to understand than a long warning sentence. However, pictures should not be confusing. Designers need to test signs with real users, especially children, older people and visitors who are new to the place. Clear signs are a small part of public service. They reduce questions, save time and prevent danger. More importantly, they show respect for people who use the space. A well-designed sign says silently, 'We have thought about your needs before you ask for help.' For this reason, sign design is not only an art task but also a service task that requires observation, testing and care. A small change in wording or position may help hundreds of people move with less stress. 16. Where can a sign remind students of safety rules? A. Inside a movie story B. In a flower shop C. On a mountain path only D. In a school workshop 17. Which feature belongs to good signs? A. Simple words B. Tiny letters C. Hidden places D. Long stories 18. Where should a sign be placed? A. Where nobody passes B. Where people naturally look C. Under a closed box D. Behind a curtain 19. What does the underlined word effective mean? A. Full of water B. Easy to lose C. Working well D. Slow to move 20. What do clear signs show according to the passage? A. Respect for users B. A wish to sell tickets C. A plan to close schools D. Interest in long speeches 【答案】16. D 17. A 18. B 19. C 20. A 【导语】这篇说明文介绍公共场所清晰标识的作用及其设计原则。 【解析】 16. 考查细节理解。原文依据：In a school workshop, it can remind students of safety rules before they touch tools.，句意为：在学校实训室，标识能在学生接触工具前提醒安全规则。A选项Inside a movie story意为“电影故事里”；B选项In a flower shop意为“花店”；C选项On a mountain path only意为“只在山路上”；D选项In a school workshop意为“学校实训室”。原文以学校实训室为例说明安全提醒作用。故选D。 17. 考查细节理解。原文依据：They use simple words, large letters and strong color contrast.，句意为：好的标识使用简单词语、大号字和强烈颜色对比。A选项Simple words意为“简单词语”；B选项Tiny letters意为“很小的字”；C选项Hidden places意为“隐藏位置”；D选项Long stories意为“长故事”。原文直接列出好标识的特点。故选A。 18. 考查细节理解。原文依据：A sign should be placed where people naturally look，句意为：标识应放在人们自然会看的地方。A选项Where nobody passes意为“无人经过的地方”；B选项Where people naturally look意为“人们自然会看的地方”；C选项Under a closed box意为“关着的盒子下”；D选项Behind a curtain意为“窗帘后”。位置原则是让人自然看到。故选B。 19. 考查词义猜测。原文依据：Pictures can make signs more effective.，句意为：图画能让标识更有效。A选项Full of water意为“装满水的”；B选项Easy to lose意为“容易丢失的”；C选项Working well意为“起作用、效果好的”；D选项Slow to move意为“移动缓慢的”。图画帮助人理解标识，因此effective表示有效的。故选C。 20. 考查细节理解。原文依据：More importantly, they show respect for people who use the space.，句意为：更重要的是，它们体现了对使用空间的人们的尊重。A选项Respect for users意为“对使用者的尊重”；B选项A wish to sell tickets意为“卖票愿望”；C选项A plan to close schools意为“关闭学校的计划”；D选项Interest in long speeches意为“对长演讲的兴趣”。结尾指出清晰标识体现对人的尊重。故选A。 Passage 5 A small weather station on a school roof can turn weather reports into something students can touch. It may include a thermometer, a rain gauge and a wind direction tool. Students record temperature, rainfall and wind every school day, then compare their data with city weather reports. This work helps students understand that weather is not only a number on a phone. A small change in wind may affect outdoor practice. Several dry days may tell the gardening group to water vegetables earlier. Heavy rain records can remind the school to check drains before the next storm. The station also builds a habit of observing. Students cannot write numbers carelessly, because wrong data may lead to wrong decisions. They need to read the scale at eye level, record the time and keep the tools clean. These steps are similar to many workplace tasks that require accuracy. After a term, students may draw simple charts from their records. They can see patterns, ask questions and explain changes in their own words. They may compare sunny weeks with rainy weeks, discuss why a windy day feels colder, and decide how weather information can guide outdoor work. The small station does not make them weather experts, but it teaches them to respect facts and connect science with daily life. When they later read a weather warning, they can understand it through their own records instead of treating it as a distant message. Such learning makes science lessons more concrete and useful. 21. Where may the small weather station be placed? A. Inside a lunch box B. On a school roof C. Under a river D. In a bus seat 22. What do students record every school day? A. Library stories B. Ticket prices C. Lunch menus D. Temperature, rainfall and wind 23. What may several dry days tell the gardening group to do? A. Water vegetables earlier B. Close the library C. Paint the roof D. Cancel all classes 24. What does the underlined word observing mean? A. Buying quickly B. Sleeping deeply C. Watching carefully D. Speaking loudly 25. What can students do after a term? A. Become weather experts at once B. Draw simple charts C. Stop recording facts D. Throw away the tools 【答案】21. B 22. D 23. A 24. C 25. B 【导语】这篇说明文说明社区小型气象站如何帮助学生理解天气与生活。 【解析】 21. 考查细节理解。原文依据：A small weather station on a school roof can turn weather reports into something students can touch.，句意为：学校屋顶上的小型气象站能把天气报告变成学生可接触的东西。A选项Inside a lunch box意为“午餐盒里”；B选项On a school roof意为“学校屋顶”；C选项Under a river意为“河底”；D选项In a bus seat意为“公交座位里”。文章开头说明气象站在学校屋顶。故选B。 22. 考查细节理解。原文依据：Students record temperature, rainfall and wind every school day，句意为：学生每个上学日记录温度、降雨量和风。A选项Library stories意为“图书馆故事”；B选项Ticket prices意为“票价”；C选项Lunch menus意为“午餐菜单”；D选项Temperature, rainfall and wind意为“温度、降雨量和风”。原文直接说明记录内容。故选D。 23. 考查细节理解。原文依据：Several dry days may tell the gardening group to water vegetables earlier.，句意为：连续几天干燥可能提醒园艺小组早点给蔬菜浇水。A选项Water vegetables earlier意为“早点给蔬菜浇水”；B选项Close the library意为“关闭图书馆”；C选项Paint the roof意为“粉刷屋顶”；D选项Cancel all classes意为“取消所有课程”。天气数据可指导园艺小组提前浇水。故选A。 24. 考查词义猜测。原文依据：The station also builds a habit of observing.，句意为：气象站也培养观察的习惯。A选项Buying quickly意为“快速购买”；B选项Sleeping deeply意为“深睡”；C选项Watching carefully意为“仔细观察”；D选项Speaking loudly意为“大声说话”。记录天气需要仔细看数据，因此observing表示观察。故选C。 25. 考查细节理解。原文依据：After a term, students may draw simple charts from their records.，句意为：一个学期后，学生可以根据记录绘制简单图表。A选项Become weather experts at once意为“立刻成为天气专家”；B选项Draw simple charts意为“绘制简单图表”；C选项Stop recording facts意为“停止记录事实”；D选项Throw away the tools意为“扔掉工具”。原文说明一学期后可根据记录画图表。故选B。 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！ 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $