第5卷 完形填空（说明文）-【2027版】陕西省（高职分类考试）《英语45分钟训练卷》（原卷版+解析版）

**基本信息** 聚焦说明文体裁完形填空，覆盖健康知识、职业安全、校园园艺、公共礼仪四大主题，40题系统训练说明文语境中的词汇运用与逻辑推理，提升语言理解及思维逻辑能力。 **专项设计** |模块|题量/典例|题型特征|知识逻辑| |----|-----------|----------|----------| |健康知识|10题|考查生活常识类说明文的词汇辨析|从现象（睡眠不足）到原理（睡眠功能）再到建议（睡眠习惯）的逻辑链| |职业安全|10题|聚焦职业场景安全规则的语境理解|按“准备-操作-应急”的操作流程组织说明内容| |校园园艺|10题|结合学科融合的说明文语篇理解|以“观察-实践-认知”的学习过程构建知识体系| |公共礼仪|10题|围绕公共空间行为规范的逻辑推理|遵循“现象-规则-意义”的说明文典型结构|

编写说明：本卷依据最新版《中等职业学校英语课程标准》和历年真题编写。本系列定位为45分钟训练卷，用于课堂限时训练、周测检测和阶段复习。本卷为第5卷，聚焦说明文体裁的完形填空训练，涵盖科技应用、健康知识、环境保护和职业常识四个主题。全卷共40小题，每小题2.5分，满分100分。 【2027版】陕西省（高职分类考试）《英语45分钟训练卷》 第5卷 完形填空（说明文） 考试时间：45分钟 满分：100分 班级______姓名______学号______成绩______ 完形填空（共40小题，每小题2.5分，满分100分） 阅读下面短文，从A、B、C、D四个选项中选出一个能填入相应空格内的最佳选项。 Passage 1 Many students think sleep is the easiest thing to cut when schoolwork becomes ____1____. They stay up to finish exercises and then find it hard to get up the next morning. In fact, sleep is not ____2____ after all tasks are finished. It is a necessary process in which the body ____3____ itself and the brain ____4____ new information. During deep sleep, muscles relax and energy is saved. During another stage, the brain sorts the lessons and experiences of the day. This is why students who sleep well often remember words and formulas more ____5____. A tired brain may read the same line again and again but still miss the meaning. Good sleep begins with daytime habits. ____6____ exercise, sunlight in the morning and less coffee in the evening can help. Before bed, students should put phones away, because bright screens keep the brain ____7____. A quiet ____8____, such as reading a few pages or preparing clothes, tells the body it is time to rest. If a student cannot change everything at once, a small step is still helpful. Going to bed fifteen minutes ____9____ for a week can make mornings easier. Sleep is not empty time. It is the ____10____ for doing tasks well the next day, so students should treat rest as part of study. 1.A. silent B. empty C. heavy D. cheap 2.A. reward B. problem C. noise D. skill 3.A. hides B. repairs C. loses D. draws 4.A. forgets B. throws C. stores D. borrows 5.A. politely B. heavily C. slowly D. clearly 6.A. Regular B. Dangerous C. Sudden D. Local 7.A. alone B. awake C. weak D. safe 8.A. storm B. accident C. machine D. routine 9.A. farther B. louder C. earlier D. harder 10.A. base B. secret C. message D. prize 【答案】1. C 2. A 3. B 4. C 5. D 6. A 7. B 8. D 9. C 10. A 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章说明睡眠对身体恢复、记忆整理和学习效率的重要作用，并提出改善睡眠的具体做法。 【解析】 1.考查形容词。句意：当课业变重时，很多学生会压缩睡眠。A选项silent意为“沉默的”；B选项empty意为“空的”；C选项heavy意为“繁重的”；D选项cheap意为“便宜的”。schoolwork becomes heavy表示课业负担加重。故选C。 2. 考查名词。句意：睡眠不是完成所有任务后的奖励。A选项reward意为“奖励”；B选项problem意为“问题”；C选项noise意为“噪音”；D选项skill意为“技能”。后文说睡眠是基础，不是奖励。故选A。 3.考查动词。句意：身体会修复自身。A选项hides意为“隐藏”；B选项repairs意为“修复”；C选项loses意为“丢失”；D选项draws意为“画”。睡眠期间身体恢复，repair itself符合说明内容。故选B。 4.考查动词。句意：大脑储存新的信息。A选项forgets意为“忘记”；B选项throws意为“扔掉”；C选项stores意为“储存”；D选项borrows意为“借入”。睡眠有助于整理当天学习内容，储存信息符合语境。故选C。 5.考查副词。句意：睡得好的学生通常能更清楚地记住单词和公式。A选项politely意为“礼貌地”；B选项heavily意为“沉重地”；C选项slowly意为“缓慢地”；D选项clearly意为“清楚地”。睡眠提高记忆效果，应是记得更清楚。故选D。 6. 考查形容词。句意：规律运动有助于睡眠。A选项Regular意为“规律的”；B选项Dangerous意为“危险的”；C选项Sudden意为“突然的”；D选项Local意为“当地的”。健康生活习惯中应是规律运动。故选A。 7. 考查形容词。句意：明亮的屏幕会让大脑保持清醒。A选项alone意为“独自的”；B选项awake意为“清醒的”；C选项weak意为“虚弱的”；D选项safe意为“安全的”。睡前看屏幕影响入睡，使大脑清醒。故选B。 8.考查名词。句意：安静的睡前常规会提醒身体该休息了。A选项storm意为“暴风雨”；B选项accident意为“事故”；C选项machine意为“机器”；D选项routine意为“常规”。reading和preparing clothes属于睡前常规。故选D。 9.考查副词比较级。句意：提前十五分钟睡觉能让早晨更轻松。A选项farther意为“更远”；B选项louder意为“更大声”；C选项earlier意为“更早”；D选项harder意为“更努力”。改善睡眠应是更早上床。故选C。 10.考查名词。句意：睡眠是第二天做好任务的基础。A选项base意为“基础”；B选项secret意为“秘密”；C选项message意为“消息”；D选项prize意为“奖品”。睡眠不是奖励，而是高效学习的前提条件。故选A。 Passage 2 A school workshop may look different from an ordinary classroom. There are ____11____, machines, wires and materials on the tables. These things can help students learn real skills, but they also require clear safety rules. Safety is designed to make practice ____12____ and more successful. The first rule is to ____13____ before touching any tool. Students should read the instruction card, check whether the tool is ____14____, and wear the right protection. A small preparation can prevent a serious ____15____. The second rule is to keep the workplace clean. Pieces of wire, wet floors and open bags may cause people to fall. After each step, students should return tools to ____16____ places. This habit saves time because everyone can find what they need ____17____. The last rule is to ____18____ problems at once. If a machine makes a strange sound, students should stop using it and tell the teacher. Asking for help is not a sign of ____19____. It shows students understand the ____20____ of safety. 11.A. meals B. flowers C. tickets D. tools 12.A. faster B. cheaper C. noisier D. safer 13.A. prepare B. sleep C. argue D. dance 14.A. late B. complete C. empty D. popular 15.A. lesson B. accident C. festival D. letter 16.A. fixed B. broken C. foreign D. soft 17.A. quickly B. sadly C. secretly D. rarely 18.A. hide B. paint C. report D. sell 19.A. kindness B. weakness C. fairness D. fitness 20.A. color B. size C. value D. shape 【答案】11. D 12. D 13. A 14. B 15. B 16. A 17. A 18. C 19. B 20. C 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章从准备、防护、整理和及时报告四方面说明实训室安全规则的重要性。 【解析】 11.考查名词。句意：桌上有工具、机器、电线和材料。A选项meals意为“饭”；B选项flowers意为“花”；C选项tickets意为“票”；D选项tools意为“工具”。workshop场景中常见工具和机器。故选D。 12.考查形容词比较级。句意：安全规则是为了让实践更安全、更成功。A选项faster意为“更快的”；B选项cheaper意为“更便宜的”；C选项noisier意为“更吵的”；D选项safer意为“更安全的”。安全规则的目的首先是保障安全。故选D。 13. 考查动词。句意：第一条规则是在接触工具前做好准备。A选项prepare意为“准备”；B选项sleep意为“睡觉”；C选项argue意为“争论”；D选项dance意为“跳舞”。后文读说明卡、检查工具和佩戴防护都属于准备。故选A。 14.考查形容词。句意：检查工具是否完整。A选项late意为“迟到的”；B选项complete意为“完整的”；C选项empty意为“空的”；D选项popular意为“受欢迎的”。使用工具前要确认工具完好完整。故选B。 15.考查名词。句意：一个小准备能防止严重事故。A选项lesson意为“课程”；B选项accident意为“事故”；C选项festival意为“节日”；D选项letter意为“信件”。护目镜、手套等保护措施用于防止事故。故选B。 16.考查形容词。句意：学生应把工具放回固定位置。A选项fixed意为“固定的”；B选项broken意为“坏的”；C选项foreign意为“外国的”；D选项soft意为“柔软的”。return tools to fixed places表示归位管理。故选A。 17. 考查副词。句意：每个人都能快速找到所需工具。A选项quickly意为“快速地”；B选项sadly意为“悲伤地”；C选项secretly意为“秘密地”；D选项rarely意为“很少”。工具放回固定位置会节省时间。故选A。 18.考查动词。句意：最后一条规则是立即报告问题。A选项hide意为“隐藏”；B选项paint意为“粉刷”；C选项report意为“报告”；D选项sell意为“出售”。发现机器异常应告诉老师即报告。故选C。 19.考查名词。句意：求助不是软弱的表现。A选项kindness意为“善良”；B选项weakness意为“软弱”；C选项fairness意为“公平”；D选项fitness意为“健康”。下文说这是理解安全价值的表现，与软弱相对。故选B。 20. 考查名词。句意：这表明学生理解安全的价值。A选项color意为“颜色”；B选项size意为“大小”；C选项value意为“价值”；D选项shape意为“形状”。主动求助体现对安全重要性的认识。故选C。 Passage 3 More schools are building small gardens on campus. A garden does not need to be large; it may be a ____21____ near the playground. What matters is that students can observe plants closely and learn how life changes through ____22____ care. A school garden connects knowledge with real work. In biology, students watch roots grow. In math, they measure plant height and ____23____ temperature. The same place becomes a living ____24____ for different subjects. The garden also teaches ____25____. A tomato plant will not grow faster just because students are excited. Students learn to follow a ____26____ and make decisions according to what they ____27____, not only what they hope. Most importantly, a garden changes the way students see food. After growing vegetables, they understand why farmers care about ____28____ and soil. They are less likely to ____29____ vegetables in the dining hall. A small garden can lead to a ____30____ respect for nature and work. 21.A. corner B. cloud C. phone D. desk 22.A. daily B. final C. noisy D. foreign 23.A. hide B. waste C. close D. record 24.A. market B. station C. classroom D. factory 25.A. traffic B. danger C. patience D. noise 26.A. secret B. schedule C. photo D. price 27.A. forget B. borrow C. paint D. observe 28.A. medicine B. music C. history D. weather 29.A. waste B. choose C. wash D. share 30.A. smaller B. deeper C. colder D. faster 【答案】21. A 22. A 23. D 24. C 25. C 26. B 27. D 28. D 29. A 30. B 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章说明校园小花园在跨学科学习、耐心培养和劳动教育方面的价值。 【解析】 21. 考查名词。句意：花园可以是操场附近的一个角落。A选项corner意为“角落”；B选项cloud意为“云”；C选项phone意为“电话”；D选项desk意为“书桌”。前文说花园不必大，角落也可以。故选A。 22. 考查形容词。句意：学生通过日常照料了解生命变化。A选项daily意为“日常的”；B选项final意为“最终的”；C选项noisy意为“吵闹的”；D选项foreign意为“外国的”。植物生长需要持续每天照料。故选A。 23.考查动词。句意：他们可以测量植物高度并记录温度。A选项hide意为“隐藏”；B选项waste意为“浪费”；C选项close意为“关闭”；D选项record意为“记录”。数学课中测量后需要记录数据。故选D。 24.考查名词。句意：同一个地方成为不同学科的活课堂。A选项market意为“市场”；B选项station意为“车站”；C选项classroom意为“教室”；D选项factory意为“工厂”。花园服务生物、数学等多学科学习，像课堂一样。故选C。 25.考查名词。句意：花园也教会耐心。A选项traffic意为“交通”；B选项danger意为“危险”；C选项patience意为“耐心”；D选项noise意为“噪音”。植物不能因学生着急而加快生长。故选C。 26.考查名词。句意：学生学会遵循时间表。A选项secret意为“秘密”；B选项schedule意为“时间表”；C选项photo意为“照片”；D选项price意为“价格”。浇水和照料需要按计划时间进行。故选B。 27.考查动词。句意：学生根据他们观察到的情况作决定。A选项forget意为“忘记”；B选项borrow意为“借”；C选项paint意为“粉刷”；D选项observe意为“观察”。照料植物要看叶子、根和土壤状况。故选D。 28.考查名词。句意：他们理解农民为什么关心天气和土壤。A选项medicine意为“药”；B选项music意为“音乐”；C选项history意为“历史”；D选项weather意为“天气”。种植蔬菜直接受天气和土壤影响。故选D。 29. 考查动词。句意：学生更不可能浪费蔬菜。A选项waste意为“浪费”；B选项choose意为“选择”；C选项wash意为“清洗”；D选项share意为“分享”。亲自种植后会珍惜食物。故选A。 30.考查形容词比较级。句意：小花园能带来对自然和劳动更深的尊重。A选项smaller意为“更小的”；B选项deeper意为“更深的”；C选项colder意为“更冷的”；D选项faster意为“更快的”。亲自种菜后会更深地理解农民和自然。故选B。 Passage 4 Public transportation is more than a way to move people. It is also a part of city life that shows how citizens share ____31____. On a bus or subway, people of different ages stay together for a short time. Good manners make this shared time ____32____ for everyone. The first manner is to wait in ____33____. Pushing forward may save a few seconds, but it can make others feel unsafe. Letting passengers get off before getting on keeps the door area clear and brings order for the whole ____34____. The second manner is to care for people who need help. Giving a seat to an older person, a child or someone carrying heavy bags is a small act, but it shows ____35____. A kind question can make help easier to ____36____. The third manner is to keep the space clean and ____37____. Loud calls, food smells and left rubbish can turn a short trip into an unpleasant one. If every passenger takes away his or her own ____38____ and lowers the ____39____, public transportation will become a more comfortable ____40____ classroom of city manners. 31.A. money B. paper C. fruit D. space 32.A. expensive B. pleasant C. private D. empty 33.A. line B. river C. garden D. screen 34.A. trip B. shop C. lesson D. plan 35.A. speed B. danger C. respect D. noise 36.A. forget B. repair C. accept D. draw 37.A. deep B. sweet C. round D. quiet 38.A. litter B. ticket C. light D. tool 39.A. price B. voice C. color D. date 40.A. broken B. living C. silent D. heavy 【答案】31. D 32. B 33. A 34. A 35. C 36. C 37. D 38. A 39. B 40. B 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章说明公共交通礼仪，包括排队、帮助他人以及保持环境干净安静。 【解析】 31.考查名词。句意：它也展示市民如何共享空间。A选项money意为“钱”；B选项paper意为“纸”；C选项fruit意为“水果”；D选项space意为“空间”。公交和地铁是公共共享空间。故选D。 32.考查形容词。句意：良好礼仪让共享时间对每个人都愉快。A选项expensive意为“昂贵的”；B选项pleasant意为“愉快的”；C选项private意为“私人的”；D选项empty意为“空的”。公共交通中礼貌能改善共同乘车体验。故选B。 33. 考查名词。句意：第一种礼仪是排队等候。A选项line意为“队列”；B选项river意为“河流”；C选项garden意为“花园”；D选项screen意为“屏幕”。wait in line意为排队。故选A。 34.考查名词。句意：先下后上为整个行程带来秩序。A选项trip意为“行程”；B选项shop意为“商店”；C选项lesson意为“课程”；D选项plan意为“计划”。语境是乘坐公交或地铁的整个过程。故选A。 35.考查名词。句意：让座虽小却体现尊重。A选项speed意为“速度”；B选项danger意为“危险”；C选项respect意为“尊重”；D选项noise意为“噪音”。给需要帮助的人让座是尊重他人。故选C。 36.考查动词。句意：一句友善询问能让帮助更容易被接受。A选项forget意为“忘记”；B选项repair意为“修理”；C选项accept意为“接受”；D选项draw意为“画”。有人害羞不主动求助，询问能降低接受帮助的难度。故选C。 37.考查形容词。句意：第三种礼仪是保持空间干净安静。A选项deep意为“深的”；B选项sweet意为“甜的”；C选项round意为“圆的”；D选项quiet意为“安静的”。后文提到大声打电话等，应保持安静。故选D。 38. 考查名词。句意：如果每位乘客带走自己的垃圾。A选项litter意为“垃圾”；B选项ticket意为“票”；C选项light意为“灯”；D选项tool意为“工具”。前文left rubbish提示垃圾问题。故选A。 39.考查名词。句意：并降低声音。A选项price意为“价格”；B选项voice意为“声音”；C选项color意为“颜色”；D选项date意为“日期”。与loud phone calls形成对应，应降低说话声音。故选B。 40. 考查形容词。句意：公共交通会成为城市礼仪的活课堂。A选项broken意为“坏的”；B选项living意为“活的、生动的”；C选项silent意为“沉默的”；D选项heavy意为“重的”。公共交通真实展示城市礼仪实践。故选B。 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！ 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 编写说明：本卷依据最新版《中等职业学校英语课程标准》和历年真题编写。本系列定位为45分钟训练卷，用于课堂限时训练、周测检测和阶段复习。本卷为第5卷，聚焦说明文体裁的完形填空训练，涵盖科技应用、健康知识、环境保护和职业常识四个主题。全卷共40小题，每小题2.5分，满分100分。 【2027版】陕西省（高职分类考试）《英语45分钟训练卷》 第5卷 完形填空（说明文） 考试时间：45分钟 满分：100分 班级______姓名______学号______成绩______ 完形填空（共40小题，每小题2.5分，满分100分） 阅读下面短文，从A、B、C、D四个选项中选出一个能填入相应空格内的最佳选项。 Passage 1 Many students think sleep is the easiest thing to cut when schoolwork becomes ____1____. They stay up to finish exercises and then find it hard to get up the next morning. In fact, sleep is not ____2____ after all tasks are finished. It is a necessary process in which the body ____3____ itself and the brain ____4____ new information. During deep sleep, muscles relax and energy is saved. During another stage, the brain sorts the lessons and experiences of the day. This is why students who sleep well often remember words and formulas more ____5____. A tired brain may read the same line again and again but still miss the meaning. Good sleep begins with daytime habits. ____6____ exercise, sunlight in the morning and less coffee in the evening can help. Before bed, students should put phones away, because bright screens keep the brain ____7____. A quiet ____8____, such as reading a few pages or preparing clothes, tells the body it is time to rest. If a student cannot change everything at once, a small step is still helpful. Going to bed fifteen minutes ____9____ for a week can make mornings easier. Sleep is not empty time. It is the ____10____ for doing tasks well the next day, so students should treat rest as part of study. 1.A. silent B. empty C. heavy D. cheap 2.A. reward B. problem C. noise D. skill 3.A. hides B. repairs C. loses D. draws 4.A. forgets B. throws C. stores D. borrows 5.A. politely B. heavily C. slowly D. clearly 6.A. Regular B. Dangerous C. Sudden D. Local 7.A. alone B. awake C. weak D. safe 8.A. storm B. accident C. machine D. routine 9.A. farther B. louder C. earlier D. harder 10.A. base B. secret C. message D. prize Passage 2 A school workshop may look different from an ordinary classroom. There are ____11____, machines, wires and materials on the tables. These things can help students learn real skills, but they also require clear safety rules. Safety is designed to make practice ____12____ and more successful. The first rule is to ____13____ before touching any tool. Students should read the instruction card, check whether the tool is ____14____, and wear the right protection. A small preparation can prevent a serious ____15____. The second rule is to keep the workplace clean. Pieces of wire, wet floors and open bags may cause people to fall. After each step, students should return tools to ____16____ places. This habit saves time because everyone can find what they need ____17____. The last rule is to ____18____ problems at once. If a machine makes a strange sound, students should stop using it and tell the teacher. Asking for help is not a sign of ____19____. It shows students understand the ____20____ of safety. 11.A. meals B. flowers C. tickets D. tools 12.A. faster B. cheaper C. noisier D. safer 13.A. prepare B. sleep C. argue D. dance 14.A. late B. complete C. empty D. popular 15.A. lesson B. accident C. festival D. letter 16.A. fixed B. broken C. foreign D. soft 17.A. quickly B. sadly C. secretly D. rarely 18.A. hide B. paint C. report D. sell 19.A. kindness B. weakness C. fairness D. fitness 20.A. color B. size C. value D. shape Passage 3 More schools are building small gardens on campus. A garden does not need to be large; it may be a ____21____ near the playground. What matters is that students can observe plants closely and learn how life changes through ____22____ care. A school garden connects knowledge with real work. In biology, students watch roots grow. In math, they measure plant height and ____23____ temperature. The same place becomes a living ____24____ for different subjects. The garden also teaches ____25____. A tomato plant will not grow faster just because students are excited. Students learn to follow a ____26____ and make decisions according to what they ____27____, not only what they hope. Most importantly, a garden changes the way students see food. After growing vegetables, they understand why farmers care about ____28____ and soil. They are less likely to ____29____ vegetables in the dining hall. A small garden can lead to a ____30____ respect for nature and work. 21.A. corner B. cloud C. phone D. desk 22.A. daily B. final C. noisy D. foreign 23.A. hide B. waste C. close D. record 24.A. market B. station C. classroom D. factory 25.A. traffic B. danger C. patience D. noise 26.A. secret B. schedule C. photo D. price 27.A. forget B. borrow C. paint D. observe 28.A. medicine B. music C. history D. weather 29.A. waste B. choose C. wash D. share 30.A. smaller B. deeper C. colder D. faster Passage 4 Public transportation is more than a way to move people. It is also a part of city life that shows how citizens share ____31____. On a bus or subway, people of different ages stay together for a short time. Good manners make this shared time ____32____ for everyone. The first manner is to wait in ____33____. Pushing forward may save a few seconds, but it can make others feel unsafe. Letting passengers get off before getting on keeps the door area clear and brings order for the whole ____34____. The second manner is to care for people who need help. Giving a seat to an older person, a child or someone carrying heavy bags is a small act, but it shows ____35____. A kind question can make help easier to ____36____. The third manner is to keep the space clean and ____37____. Loud calls, food smells and left rubbish can turn a short trip into an unpleasant one. If every passenger takes away his or her own ____38____ and lowers the ____39____, public transportation will become a more comfortable ____40____ classroom of city manners. 31.A. money B. paper C. fruit D. space 32.A. expensive B. pleasant C. private D. empty 33.A. line B. river C. garden D. screen 34.A. trip B. shop C. lesson D. plan 35.A. speed B. danger C. respect D. noise 36.A. forget B. repair C. accept D. draw 37.A. deep B. sweet C. round D. quiet 38.A. litter B. ticket C. light D. tool 39.A. price B. voice C. color D. date 40.A. broken B. living C. silent D. heavy 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！ 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $