Unit 4 Environmental Protection（B卷·能力提升）《英语 基础模块2》（语文版2022版）单元过关卷（原卷版+解析版）

**基本信息** 紧扣《英语 基础模块2》（语文版2022版）Unit 4环保主题，B卷能力提升卷聚焦知识整合与语用能力，适配单元复习，覆盖语音、语法、阅读等核心考点。 **题型特征** |题型|题量/分值|知识覆盖|命题特色| |----|-----------|----------|----------| |阅读理解|15/30|环保问题（全球变暖、淡水短缺）及解决措施|多文本阅读培养信息获取与推理能力，体现思维品质| |完形填空|10/10|环保行动（资源节约、意识提升）相关词汇语法|语篇语境中考查词汇运用，强化语言能力| |短语填空|10/20|环保短语（recycle waste, raise the awareness）|结合语境运用短语，融合文化意识与环保责任|

编写说明：本套试卷紧扣《英语 基础模块2》（语文版2022版）教材，以教材单元为基准精准覆盖核心考点。 每个单元设置AB卷，A卷为基础巩固卷，侧重基础考点训练，帮助学生扎实掌握知识要点；B卷为能力提升卷，注重知识整合与全面检测，引导学生构建知识网络。全书设计4份综合测试卷，模拟实战情境，聚焦解题能力突破，全面提升应试能力与知识应用水平。 《英语 基础模块2》（语文版2022版）《单元过关卷》 Unit 4 Environmental Protection B卷·能力提升 考试时间：120分钟 满分：100分 班级 姓名 学号 成绩 一、语音辨析（共5小题，每小题1分，满分5分） 选出下列单词中画线部分读音不同的一项。 1. A. explore B. store C. north D. word 2. A. curiosity B. surface C. burn D. turn 3. A. share B. prepare C. bear D. appear 4. A. graduate B. nature C. patient D. station 5. A. decision B. revision C. discussion D. television 二、单项选择（共15小题，每小题1分，满分15分） 从A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳答案。 6. People will not realize the importance of natural resources ______ they face the serious shortage. A. if B. unless C. though D. when 7. We ______ to recycle waste as much as possible to cut down pollution by our school. A. ask B. asked C. are asked D. were asking 8. Many environmental problems ______ human activities in the past decades. A. have an influence on B. have been influenced by C. influence D. will influence 9. ______ the government has made many rules, some people still fail to protect the environment. A. Although B. If C. Because D. As soon as 10. We will hold a speech competition about environmental protection ______ the holiday ends. A. since B. as soon as C. until D. while 11. Every citizen should ______ to protect the river instead of throwing rubbish everywhere. A. take action B. take place C. take off D. take up 12. The earth ______ all living things, so we must learn to protect it. A. depends on B. is depended on by C. is depending D. depend on 13. Schools organize different activities ______ students’ environmental awareness. A. raise B. raising C. to raise D. raised 14. We should choose reusable bags ______ plastic bags when we go shopping. A. because of B. instead of C. thanks to D. according to 15. Fresh water ______ to all living things, so we must solve the shortage of fresh water. A. is significant to B. is good for C. is famous for D. is strict with 16. If everyone ______ small green actions, the environment will become much better. A. take B. takes C. will take D. took 17. Many new energy products ______ waste and reduce pollution in recent years. A. help recycle B. help to recycling C. helps recycle D. helped recycling 18. The climate change ______ from too much carbon gas released by factories and cars. A. comes B. come C. came D. will come 19. We cannot use up all ______, or future generations will face great trouble. A. natural resources B. fresh water C. global warming D. environmental protection 20. ______ we try our best to make changes, we cannot stop global warming quickly. A. Even if B. As soon as C. So that D. Before 三、完形填空（共10小题，每小题1分，满分10分） Environmental protection has become a worldwide task. In fact, human beings are facing serious environmental challenges. Global warming and the shortage of fresh water have influenced people’s daily life greatly. Many people still don’t realize that all living things 21 the earth, so it is necessary to 22 people’s environmental awareness. Schools play an important role in spreading green ideas. Many vocational schools 23 students to take action to save resources. Students are taught to recycle waste in daily life. Teachers often tell us that small actions can 24 our living environment. We should choose reusable things 25 disposable plastic products. When students take part in environmental activities, they can learn that natural resources are limited. If we waste water and electricity carelessly, the balance of nature will be broken. Some pollution 26 factories and cars will cause long-term harm. As soon as students 27 the serious results of pollution, they will change their bad habits. Our school holds environmental activities every term. Students are encouraged to make posters and share green ideas one by one. Everyone knows that each person 28 the environment. Only when all people work together can we improve the situation. We must 29 our best to protect the earth. We believe that as long as we keep trying, we can make our planet more environment-friendly. Environmental protection 30 all people, young or old. 21. A. depend on B. come from C. take action D. slow down 22. A. rise B. raise C. increase D. improve 23. A. allow B. enable C. encourage D. prevent 24. A. have an influence on B. play a role in C. be used for D. keep away from 25. A. because of B. instead of C. thanks to D. as for 26. A. come from B. coming from C. comes from D. came from 27. A. learn about B. learn to C. get a break D. turn off 28. A. is significant to B. has an influence on C. provides with D. makes friends with 29. A. try B. make C. do D. give 30. A. is good for B. is significant to C. plays a role in D. depends on 四、补全对话（共5小题，每小题2分，满分10分） 从方框中选择合适句子补全对话，有两项多余选项。 A: Hi, Li Ming. Are you joining our school environmental group this Friday? 31 B: I’d love to! But I don’t know what activities we will do. Could you tell me some details? A: Sure. 32 We will sort rubbish and teach students how to recycle waste. B: That sounds meaningful. 33 A: We will meet at the school gate at 8 o’clock in the morning. Don’t be late. B: OK. What should we do to raise students’ awareness? A: 34 We will hand out posters and explain the danger of global warming. B: Wonderful! I hope more students can take action to protect our earth. A: 35 Small efforts can finally make great changes. A. When and where shall we meet? B. We will make many environmental posters. C. Our activity is about environmental protection. D. Would you like to join us together? E. I quite agree with you. F. Where can we recycle waste? G. Fresh water shortage is a serious problem. 五、阅读理解（共15小题，每小题2分，满分30分） (A) Nowadays, environmental protection has become a hot topic all over the world. In fact, human beings are facing different kinds of environmental troubles, including global warming, shortage of fresh water, air pollution and waste pollution. All these problems have an influence on people’s health and future development. Natural resources are important wealth for every country. However, many people still waste resources without thinking about the results. Some factories pour dirty water into rivers; many people throw rubbish everywhere and refuse to recycle waste. They believe that their small bad habits will not cause serious results. But scientists point out that if everyone keeps wasting resources, the balance of nature will be destroyed little by little. Experts call on every person to take action immediately. Schools play a necessary role to raise students’ environmental awareness. Many vocational schools organize all kinds of green activities. Teachers tell students that we should choose environment-friendly products instead of disposable plastic goods. Students can learn about simple recycling skills at school. Many students change their living habits after joining environmental groups. They remember to turn off lights and taps when they leave rooms. They sort rubbish and encourage family members to save fresh water. Although one student’s power is limited, thousands of students together can make a big difference. We all depend on the earth to live. The earth provides us with clean air, fresh water and rich natural resources. Environmental protection is significant to every living thing. It is not only the job of governments, but also the task of every ordinary person. If we try our best to protect the environment from now on, we can leave a cleaner world for the next generation. Read the passage and judge True (T) or False (F). 36. Only global warming is a serious environmental problem. 37. Many people fail to realize the harm of wasting natural resources. 38. Schools help people raise environmental awareness by organizing activities. 39. Students cannot do anything to protect the environment in daily life. 40. Environmental protection is the responsibility of every person, not only governments. (B) Water is one of the most important natural resources on the earth. All human beings, plants and animals depend on fresh water to keep alive. However, the shortage of fresh water has become a worldwide environmental problem in recent years. Many areas are short of clean drinking water because of pollution and overuse. A large number of fresh water resources come from rivers, lakes and underground water. But lots of factories pour untreated wastewater into rivers every day. This pollutes clean water and makes it unsafe to drink. Besides, many people waste fresh water in daily life. They leave water taps running when washing hands or cleaning rooms. They do not know that clean fresh water cannot be produced endlessly. Environmental experts say that everyone should take action to save fresh water. First of all, we must raise the awareness of water saving. Many people still do not realize how serious the water problem is. Second, we should form good habits. We can reuse water to water flowers instead of pouring it away directly. Factories must clean waste water before letting it flow into rivers. Some students in vocational schools start water-saving groups. They make posters and give speeches to tell classmates the importance of saving water. They also set up waste water recycling boxes in classrooms. Their small actions play a role in protecting fresh water resources. People often think that water shortage only happens in dry areas. In fact, every place may face water problems in the future if we keep wasting water. Global warming will also make the water situation worse. If we do not make changes right now, more people will suffer from the lack of fresh water. 41. What is the main idea of this passage? A. The importance and protection of fresh water B. Different kinds of natural resources C. How to stop global warming D. How factories deal with wastewater 42. What leads to the shortage of fresh water? A. Planting too many trees B. Pollution and overuse of water C. Recycling waste water D. Using environment-friendly bags 43. What can students do to save water according to the passage? A. Stop using water completely B. Give speeches and form good water-saving habits C. Build large factories to clean water D. Stop all kinds of industrial production 44. The underlined phrase “raise the awareness” means ______. A. make more money B. let people know and pay attention C. find new water sources D. stop water pollution 45. Which statement is TRUE? A. Fresh water can be produced forever. B. Only dry places will meet water shortage. C. Global warming makes water problems worse. D. Students cannot do anything to save water. (C) Green lifestyle means living in an environment-friendly way. It does not require people to make huge changes at once. Instead, it starts with small daily choices. Many people think environmental protection is far away from their daily life. In fact, every choice we make has an influence on the earth. Recycling waste is one of the easiest green habits. Paper, plastic bottles and glass can be reused after proper treatment. If we throw them away randomly, they will become rubbish and pollute soil and water. If we sort and recycle waste, we can cut down the need to produce new materials and protect natural resources. Many shops provide plastic shopping bags for free. But plastic products are hard to break down. We can take cloth bags when shopping instead of using plastic bags. When we leave our rooms, we should turn off lights and electrical equipment to save energy. All these simple actions are helpful to slow down global warming. Some students once told teachers that their small actions cannot solve big environmental problems. Teachers explain that environmental improvement needs long-term efforts. Thousands of small actions together can create great changes. Everyone plays a role in protecting our planet. We should try our best to stick to green habits. Young people are the future of the earth. It is necessary for schools to help students learn about environmental knowledge. When students grow up, they will keep green living habits and continue to take action. Environmental protection is significant to the long-term development of human beings. We only have one earth. Once we destroy it, it will take hundreds of years to recover. There is no second home for all human beings. 46. What does green lifestyle mean? A. Only eating green vegetables B. Living in an environment-friendly way C. Never using any modern products D. Working in environmental groups 47. Why should we recycle waste? A. To save natural resources and reduce pollution B. To get much money from rubbish C. To stop global warming completely D. To make classrooms clean 48. What can we do to develop a green lifestyle? A. Use plastic bags every day B. Throw rubbish everywhere C. Sort rubbish and reuse cloth shopping bags D. Keep all lights on all day 49. What can we learn from the passage? A. Small daily actions are useless for the environment B. Everyone can help protect the earth C. Plastic bags are easy to break down D. We can find another planet to live on soon 50. The passage mainly encourages us to ______. A. form green daily living habits B. stop all factory production C. move to new planets D. collect all kinds of waste 六、单句改错（共10小题，每小题1分，满分10分） 每句仅有一处错误，找出并写出改正后的单词。 51. We should recycle waste instead of throw it everywhere. 52. Shortage of fresh water are becoming a serious problem in many areas. 53. Everyone should take action protect the environment around us. 54. The activity helps us raise the aware of environmental protection. 55. Human beings depend on the earth, so we must protect its natural resource. 56. Global warming have an influence on weather all over the world. 57. In fact, many pollution comes from people’s bad daily habits. 58. Environmental protection is significant to we young students. 59. If we will try our best, we can make the earth cleaner. 60. These environment-friendly products come from recycle waste. 七、短语填空（共10小题，每小题2分，满分20分） 根据内容选择合适短语并用其正确形式填空，每个短语仅用一次，有两个多余。 global warming, shortage of fresh water, environmental protection, depend on, in fact, come from, recycle waste, instead of, raise the awareness, have an influence on, natural resources, take action 61. We should ____________ plastic and paper to reduce rubbish. 62. ____________ is getting worse because of too much carbon gas. 63. Many villages face the ____________, so local government saves water for villagers. 64. We need to ____________ of saving resources among teenagers at school. 65. All living things ____________ clean water and fresh air to survive. 66. ____________, many people still know little about environmental problems. 67. Many kinds of pollution ____________ factory production and daily waste. 68. We choose reusable bags ____________ plastic bags when shopping. 69. Human activities ____________ the climate and natural environment greatly. 70. We must ____________ to protect ____________ before it is too late. 学科网（北京）股份有限公司原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！ 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 编写说明：本套试卷紧扣《英语 基础模块2》（语文版2022版）教材，以教材单元为基准精准覆盖核心考点。 每个单元设置AB卷，A卷为基础巩固卷，侧重基础考点训练，帮助学生扎实掌握知识要点；B卷为能力提升卷，注重知识整合与全面检测，引导学生构建知识网络。全书设计4份综合测试卷，模拟实战情境，聚焦解题能力突破，全面提升应试能力与知识应用水平。 《英语 基础模块2》（语文版2022版）《单元过关卷》 Unit 4 Environmental Protection B卷·能力提升 考试时间：120分钟 满分：100分 班级 姓名 学号 成绩 一、语音辨析（共5小题，每小题1分，满分5分） 选出下列单词中画线部分读音不同的一项。 1. A. explore B. store C. north D. word 【答案】D 【详解】音标：A.explore /ɪkˈsplɔː(r)/；B.store /stɔː(r)/；C.north /nɔːθ/；D.word /wɜːd/。A、B、C划线部分发音 /ɔː/；D划线发音 /ɜː/。考点：字母组合or常见发音辨析。 2. A. curiosity B. surface C. burn D. turn 【答案】A 【详解】音标：A.curiosity /ˌkjʊəriˈɒsəti/；B.surface /ˈsɜːfɪs/；C.burn /bɜːn/；D.turn /tɜːn/。B、C、D划线ur发音 /ɜː/；A划线ur发音 /jʊə/。 3. A. share B. prepare C. bear D. appear 【答案】D 【详解】音标：A.share /ʃeə(r)/；B.prepare /prɪˈpeə(r)/；C.bear /beə(r)/；D.appear /əˈpɪə(r)/。A、B、C字母组合ear/are读 /eə/；D ear读 /ɪə/。 4. A. graduate B. nature C. patient D. station 【答案】A 【详解】音标：A.graduate /ˈɡrædʒueɪt/；B.nature /ˈneɪtʃə(r)/；C.patient /ˈpeɪʃnt/；D.station /ˈsteɪʃn/。B、C、D字母a发音 /eɪ/；A字母a发音 /æ/。 5. A. decision B. revision C. discussion D. television 【答案】C 【详解】音标：A.decision /dɪˈsɪʒn/；B.revision /rɪˈvɪʒn/；C.discussion /dɪˈskʌʃn/；D.television /ˈtelɪvɪʒn/。A、B、D后缀发音 /ʒn/；C后缀 -ssion 发音 /ʃn/。 二、单项选择（共15小题，每小题1分，满分15分） 从A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳答案。 6. People will not realize the importance of natural resources ______ they face the serious shortage. A. if B. unless C. though D. when 【答案】B 【详解】考点：条件状语从句引导词辨析。unless = if…not，含义“除非；如果不”。 7. We ______ to recycle waste as much as possible to cut down pollution by our school. A. ask B. asked C. are asked D. were asking 【答案】C 【详解】考点：一般现在时被动语态。主语we和动词ask之间是被动关系，“我们被学校要求”，被动结构：be + 过去分词。陈述常态化规定，使用一般现在时are asked。 8. Many environmental problems ______ human activities in the past decades. A. have an influence on B. have been influenced by C. influence D. will influence 【答案】B 【详解】考点：现在完成时被动语态。in the past decades（过去几十年）是现在完成时标志性时间状语；环境问题“被人类活动影响”，存在被动关系。 9. ______ the government has made many rules, some people still fail to protect the environment. A. Although B. If C. Because D. As soon as 【答案】A 【详解】考点：让步状语从句。although意为“尽管，虽然”，体现前后转折逻辑。 干扰项：if引导条件从句；because引导原因从句；as soon as引导时间从句，均无法表达转折含义。 10. We will hold a speech competition about environmental protection ______ the holiday ends. A. since B. as soon as C. until D. while 【答案】B 【详解】考点：时间状语从句。as soon as 一……就……，遵循“主将从现”语法规则。 辨析：since自从；until直到；while当……期间，语义不匹配。 11. Every citizen should ______ to protect the river instead of throwing rubbish everywhere. A. take action B. take place C. take off D. take up 【答案】A 【详解】单元核心短语：take action 采取行动。 短语辨析：take place发生；take off起飞，脱掉；take up占据（时间/空间）。 12. The earth ______ all living things, so we must learn to protect it. A. depends on B. is depended on by C. is depending D. depend on 【答案】B 【详解】考点：语态辨析。地球被所有生物依靠，主语the earth是动作承受者，需要使用被动语态depend on（依靠）。 13. Schools organize different activities ______ students’ environmental awareness. A. raise B. raising C. to raise D. raised 【答案】C 【详解】考点：动词不定式作目的状语。组织活动的目的是提高环保意识；raise the awareness 提高意识。 14. We should choose reusable bags ______ plastic bags when we go shopping. A. because of B. instead of C. thanks to D. according to 【答案】B 【详解】固定短语instead of “而不是”，后接名词、动名词。 辨析：because of因为；thanks to多亏；according to根据。 15. Fresh water ______ to all living things, so we must solve the shortage of fresh water. A. is significant to B. is good for C. is famous for D. is strict with 【答案】A 【详解】单元短语be significant to 对……至关重要。 辨析：be good for对……有益；be famous for因……闻名；be strict with对……严格。 16. If everyone ______ small green actions, the environment will become much better. A. take B. takes C. will take D. took 【答案】B 【详解】考点：if条件状语从句“主将从现”。主句将来时，条件从句使用一般现在时；主语everyone为单数不定代词，谓语动词使用三单形式takes。 17. Many new energy products ______ waste and reduce pollution in recent years. A. help recycle B. help to recycling C. helps recycle D. helped recycling 【答案】A 【详解】考点：固定搭配help (to) do sth.（to可以省略）；主语products为复数，一般现在时谓语动词用原形。recycle waste回收废物。 18. The climate change ______ from too much carbon gas released by factories and cars. A. comes B. come C. came D. will come 【答案】A 【详解】come from 来自；客观自然现象，使用一般现在时；主语climate change为单数，谓语动词三单comes。 19. We cannot use up all ______, or future generations will face great trouble. A. natural resources B. fresh water C. global warming D. environmental protection 【答案】A 【详解】单元短语natural resources 自然资源。use up 耗尽。 20. ______ we try our best to make changes, we cannot stop global warming quickly. A. Even if B. As soon as C. So that D. Before 【答案】A 【详解】考点：even if引导让步状语从句，意为“即使”。 三、完形填空（共10小题，每小题1分，满分10分） Environmental protection has become a worldwide task. In fact, human beings are facing serious environmental challenges. Global warming and the shortage of fresh water have influenced people’s daily life greatly. Many people still don’t realize that all living things 21 the earth, so it is necessary to 22 people’s environmental awareness. Schools play an important role in spreading green ideas. Many vocational schools 23 students to take action to save resources. Students are taught to recycle waste in daily life. Teachers often tell us that small actions can 24 our living environment. We should choose reusable things 25 disposable plastic products. When students take part in environmental activities, they can learn that natural resources are limited. If we waste water and electricity carelessly, the balance of nature will be broken. Some pollution 26 factories and cars will cause long-term harm. As soon as students 27 the serious results of pollution, they will change their bad habits. Our school holds environmental activities every term. Students are encouraged to make posters and share green ideas one by one. Everyone knows that each person 28 the environment. Only when all people work together can we improve the situation. We must 29 our best to protect the earth. We believe that as long as we keep trying, we can make our planet more environment-friendly. Environmental protection 30 all people, young or old. 21. A. depend on B. come from C. take action D. slow down 22. A. rise B. raise C. increase D. improve 23. A. allow B. enable C. encourage D. prevent 24. A. have an influence on B. play a role in C. be used for D. keep away from 25. A. because of B. instead of C. thanks to D. as for 26. A. come from B. coming from C. comes from D. came from 27. A. learn about B. learn to C. get a break D. turn off 28. A. is significant to B. has an influence on C. provides with D. makes friends with 29. A. try B. make C. do D. give 30. A. is good for B. is significant to C. plays a role in D. depends on 【答案】21.A 22.B 23.C 24.A 25.B 26.B 27.A 28.B 29.A 30.B 【详解】21.depend on 依赖。句意：所有生物都依赖地球生存。其余短语语义和文章语境不匹配。 22.固定搭配raise awareness“提高意识”。raise是及物动词；rise为不及物动词，不能直接接宾语。 23.encourage sb. to do sth. 鼓励某人做某事。结合语境，学校鼓励学生采取节约资源的环保行动。 24.have an influence on 对……产生影响。句意：微小的行动都会对我们的居住环境造成影响。 25.instead of 而不是。提倡使用可重复用品，替代一次性塑料制品，贴合环保主题。 26.语法考点：现在分词coming from作后置定语，修饰名词pollution，表达“来自工厂和汽车的污染”，本句已有谓语will cause，不能再使用动词原形或谓语形式。 27.learn about 了解。句意：学生一旦了解污染带来的严重后果，就会改正自身陋习。 28.have an influence on 对……产生影响。每个人的行为都会对环境造成影响。 29.固定短语try one’s best to do sth. 尽全力做某事，固定搭配，不可更换动词。 30.be significant to 对……至关重要。环境保护无论对于年轻人还是老年人，都意义重大。 四、补全对话（共5小题，每小题2分，满分10分） 从方框中选择合适句子补全对话，有两项多余选项。 A: Hi, Li Ming. Are you joining our school environmental group this Friday? 31 B: I’d love to! But I don’t know what activities we will do. Could you tell me some details? A: Sure. 32 We will sort rubbish and teach students how to recycle waste. B: That sounds meaningful. 33 A: We will meet at the school gate at 8 o’clock in the morning. Don’t be late. B: OK. What should we do to raise students’ awareness? A: 34 We will hand out posters and explain the danger of global warming. B: Wonderful! I hope more students can take action to protect our earth. A: 35 Small efforts can finally make great changes. A. When and where shall we meet? B. We will make many environmental posters. C. Our activity is about environmental protection. D. Would you like to join us together? E. I quite agree with you. F. Where can we recycle waste? G. Fresh water shortage is a serious problem. 【答案】31.D 32.C 33.A 34.B 35.E 31.答句“I’d love to!”是典型回应一般疑问句邀约。只有D选项为邀请类一般疑问句；其余选项全部是特殊疑问句，无法使用Yes/No类语句回答。 32.承上启下总起句，向对方介绍本次活动主题是环境保护，引出下文垃圾分类、回收垃圾的具体活动内容。 33.答句明确交代集合时间、地点，因此问句需要询问集合的时间与地点。F选项只询问地点，范围片面，予以排除。 34.后文提到分发海报，本句说明我们将要制作环保海报，前后内容相互呼应，逻辑连贯。 35.上文B表达期待更多同学参与环保事业，A表达赞同观点，作为对话收尾。 五、阅读理解（共15小题，每小题2分，满分30分） (A) Nowadays, environmental protection has become a hot topic all over the world. In fact, human beings are facing different kinds of environmental troubles, including global warming, shortage of fresh water, air pollution and waste pollution. All these problems have an influence on people’s health and future development. Natural resources are important wealth for every country. However, many people still waste resources without thinking about the results. Some factories pour dirty water into rivers; many people throw rubbish everywhere and refuse to recycle waste. They believe that their small bad habits will not cause serious results. But scientists point out that if everyone keeps wasting resources, the balance of nature will be destroyed little by little. Experts call on every person to take action immediately. Schools play a necessary role to raise students’ environmental awareness. Many vocational schools organize all kinds of green activities. Teachers tell students that we should choose environment-friendly products instead of disposable plastic goods. Students can learn about simple recycling skills at school. Many students change their living habits after joining environmental groups. They remember to turn off lights and taps when they leave rooms. They sort rubbish and encourage family members to save fresh water. Although one student’s power is limited, thousands of students together can make a big difference. We all depend on the earth to live. The earth provides us with clean air, fresh water and rich natural resources. Environmental protection is significant to every living thing. It is not only the job of governments, but also the task of every ordinary person. If we try our best to protect the environment from now on, we can leave a cleaner world for the next generation. Read the passage and judge True (T) or False (F). 36. Only global warming is a serious environmental problem. 37. Many people fail to realize the harm of wasting natural resources. 38. Schools help people raise environmental awareness by organizing activities. 39. Students cannot do anything to protect the environment in daily life. 40. Environmental protection is the responsibility of every person, not only governments. 【答案】36.F 37.T 38.T 39.F 40.T 【详解】 36. 句中Only（仅仅）属于绝对化表述。原文提及环境问题包含全球变暖、淡水短缺、空气污染等多种问题，全球变暖只是其中之一，并不是唯一严峻环境问题，因此该判断错误。 37. 原文第二段提到大量人群随意消耗自然资源，误以为个人不良习惯不会造成重大影响，足以说明很多人没有认识到浪费自然资源的危害，题干含义和原文相符，判断正确。 38. 根据原文第三段内容，学校通过举办多样环保主题活动，以此提升学生环保意识，题干表述与原文信息完全对应，判断正确。 39. 句子中cannot do anything含义“无能为力”，属于绝对表述。原文第四段列举垃圾分类、随手关灯、节约用水等学生日常生活能够践行的环保举措，证明学生可以参与环保，题干和原文相悖，判断错误。 40. 文章结尾明确提出，环境保护不单单依靠政府治理，更是全体公民共同的责任，题干观点和原文主旨保持一致，判断正确。 (B) Water is one of the most important natural resources on the earth. All human beings, plants and animals depend on fresh water to keep alive. However, the shortage of fresh water has become a worldwide environmental problem in recent years. Many areas are short of clean drinking water because of pollution and overuse. A large number of fresh water resources come from rivers, lakes and underground water. But lots of factories pour untreated wastewater into rivers every day. This pollutes clean water and makes it unsafe to drink. Besides, many people waste fresh water in daily life. They leave water taps running when washing hands or cleaning rooms. They do not know that clean fresh water cannot be produced endlessly. Environmental experts say that everyone should take action to save fresh water. First of all, we must raise the awareness of water saving. Many people still do not realize how serious the water problem is. Second, we should form good habits. We can reuse water to water flowers instead of pouring it away directly. Factories must clean waste water before letting it flow into rivers. Some students in vocational schools start water-saving groups. They make posters and give speeches to tell classmates the importance of saving water. They also set up waste water recycling boxes in classrooms. Their small actions play a role in protecting fresh water resources. People often think that water shortage only happens in dry areas. In fact, every place may face water problems in the future if we keep wasting water. Global warming will also make the water situation worse. If we do not make changes right now, more people will suffer from the lack of fresh water. 41. What is the main idea of this passage? A. The importance and protection of fresh water B. Different kinds of natural resources C. How to stop global warming D. How factories deal with wastewater 42. What leads to the shortage of fresh water? A. Planting too many trees B. Pollution and overuse of water C. Recycling waste water D. Using environment-friendly bags 43. What can students do to save water according to the passage? A. Stop using water completely B. Give speeches and form good water-saving habits C. Build large factories to clean water D. Stop all kinds of industrial production 44. The underlined phrase “raise the awareness” means ______. A. make more money B. let people know and pay attention C. find new water sources D. stop water pollution 45. Which statement is TRUE? A. Fresh water can be produced forever. B. Only dry places will meet water shortage. C. Global warming makes water problems worse. D. Students cannot do anything to save water. 【答案】41.A 42.B 43.B 44.B 45.C 【详解】 41. 主旨大意题。整篇文章围绕淡水的重要性以及淡水资源保护展开。B选项自然资源种类、C选项阻止全球变暖、D选项工厂处理污水都只是文中细小信息，不能概括全文中心，故选A。 42. 细节理解题。根据原文第一段信息，水污染以及水资源过度使用造成淡水短缺。A种树、C废水回收、D使用环保袋都是环保举措，不会造成淡水短缺，故选B。 43. 细节理解题。文中第四段提到学生可以开展演讲、养成良好节水习惯。A完全不用水、C建造净水工厂、D停止所有工业生产表述极端，不符合原文内容，故选B。 44. 词义猜测题。raise the awareness 固定含义为“提高意识”，也就是让人们了解问题并重视起来。其余选项释义均不匹配短语含义，故选B。 45. 正误判断题。原文末尾提到全球变暖加剧水资源难题。A淡水能够无限再生、B只有干旱地区缺水、C学生无法节水，均与原文信息相悖，只有C表述正确。 (C) Green lifestyle means living in an environment-friendly way. It does not require people to make huge changes at once. Instead, it starts with small daily choices. Many people think environmental protection is far away from their daily life. In fact, every choice we make has an influence on the earth. Recycling waste is one of the easiest green habits. Paper, plastic bottles and glass can be reused after proper treatment. If we throw them away randomly, they will become rubbish and pollute soil and water. If we sort and recycle waste, we can cut down the need to produce new materials and protect natural resources. Many shops provide plastic shopping bags for free. But plastic products are hard to break down. We can take cloth bags when shopping instead of using plastic bags. When we leave our rooms, we should turn off lights and electrical equipment to save energy. All these simple actions are helpful to slow down global warming. Some students once told teachers that their small actions cannot solve big environmental problems. Teachers explain that environmental improvement needs long-term efforts. Thousands of small actions together can create great changes. Everyone plays a role in protecting our planet. We should try our best to stick to green habits. Young people are the future of the earth. It is necessary for schools to help students learn about environmental knowledge. When students grow up, they will keep green living habits and continue to take action. Environmental protection is significant to the long-term development of human beings. We only have one earth. Once we destroy it, it will take hundreds of years to recover. There is no second home for all human beings. 46. What does green lifestyle mean? A. Only eating green vegetables B. Living in an environment-friendly way C. Never using any modern products D. Working in environmental groups 47. Why should we recycle waste? A. To save natural resources and reduce pollution B. To get much money from rubbish C. To stop global warming completely D. To make classrooms clean 48. What can we do to develop a green lifestyle? A. Use plastic bags every day B. Throw rubbish everywhere C. Sort rubbish and reuse cloth shopping bags D. Keep all lights on all day 49. What can we learn from the passage? A. Small daily actions are useless for the environment B. Everyone can help protect the earth C. Plastic bags are easy to break down D. We can find another planet to live on soon 50. The passage mainly encourages us to ______. A. form green daily living habits B. stop all factory production C. move to new planets D. collect all kinds of waste 【答案】46.B 47.A 48.C 49.B 50.A 【详解】 46. 细节理解题。文章开篇对green lifestyle作出定义，绿色生活方式指以环保的方式生活。A仅仅吃青菜、C完全不使用现代产品、D在环保组织工作，均曲解概念，故选B。 47. 细节理解题。依据原文第二段，回收废物可以节约自然资源、减少污染。B靠垃圾赚钱、D打扫教室，原文没有相关信息；C选项中completely（完全地）属于绝对化词汇，不符合文意，故选A。 48. 细节理解题。文中倡导垃圾分类、重复使用布袋购物。A每天使用塑料袋、B随处乱扔垃圾、C整日开灯，都是破坏环境的行为，故选C。 49. 推理判断题。整篇文章传递核心思想：人人都可以为保护地球贡献力量。A日常小事对环境毫无作用、C塑料袋容易降解、D很快找到宜居星球，均和原文观点冲突，故选B。 50. 主旨大意题。全文围绕绿色生活方式展开，目的是号召大家在日常生活中养成环保习惯。B关停全部工厂、C移居其他星球、D收集所有废弃物，均不是文章表达的中心，故选A。 六、单句改错（共10小题，每小题1分，满分10分） 每句仅有一处错误，找出并写出改正后的单词。 51. We should recycle waste instead of throw it everywhere. 【答案】throw → throwing 【详解】考点：instead of属于介词短语，介词后面必须接动名词doing形式。 52. Shortage of fresh water are becoming a serious problem in many areas. 【答案】are → is 【详解】主谓一致。the shortage of fresh water核心主语shortage为单数名词，谓语动词使用单数形式is。 53. Everyone should take action protect the environment around us. 【答案】action后增加to 【详解】语法考点：动词不定式to do作目的状语，采取行动的目的是保护环境。固定结构take action to do sth. 54. The activity helps us raise the aware of environmental protection. 【答案】aware → awareness 【详解】冠词the后面需要使用名词；aware是形容词（意识到的）；awareness为名词，意为“意识”。raise the awareness 提高意识。 55. Human beings depend on the earth, so we must protect its natural resource. 【答案】resource → resources 【详解】固定表达natural resources自然资源，日常使用必须用复数形式。 56. Global warming have an influence on weather all over the world. 【答案】have → has 【详解】主语global warming（全球变暖）为单数概念，一般现在时谓语动词使用第三人称单数has。 57. In fact, many pollution comes from people’s bad daily habits. 【答案】many → much 【详解】pollution是不可数名词，需要用much修饰；many只能修饰可数名词复数。 58. Environmental protection is significant to we young students. 【答案】we → us 【详解】介词to后面需要人称代词宾格形式；we是主格，宾格为us。 59. If we will try our best, we can make the earth cleaner. 【答案】删掉will 【详解】if引导条件状语从句，遵循“主将从现”，从句不能使用将来时态will，改用一般现在时。 60. These environment-friendly products come from recycle waste. 【答案】recycle → recycling 【详解】from是介词，介词后接动名词，recycle变动名词recycling。 七、短语填空（共10小题，每小题2分，满分20分） 根据内容选择合适短语并用其正确形式填空，每个短语仅用一次，有两个多余。 global warming, shortage of fresh water, environmental protection, depend on, in fact, come from, recycle waste, instead of, raise the awareness, have an influence on, natural resources, take action 61. We should ____________ plastic and paper to reduce rubbish. 【答案】recycle waste 【详解】情态动词should后接动词原形；recycle waste回收垃圾。 62. ____________ is getting worse because of too much carbon gas. 【答案】Global warming 【详解】global warming全球变暖，在句中作主语，位于句首首字母必须大写。 63. Many villages face the ____________, so local government saves water for villagers. 【答案】shortage of fresh water 【详解】shortage of fresh water淡水短缺；贴合后文政府节水的语境。 64. We need to ____________ of saving resources among teenagers at school. 【答案】raise the awareness 【详解】固定搭配raise the awareness，意为提高意识。 65. All living things ____________ clean water and fresh air to survive. 【答案】depend on 【详解】depend on依靠、依赖；所有生物依靠洁净的水和空气生存。 66. ____________, many people still know little about environmental problems. 【答案】In fact 【详解】in fact事实上，常用于转折语境，句首首字母大写。 67. Many kinds of pollution ____________ factory production and daily waste. 【答案】come from 【详解】come from来自；多种污染来源于工厂生产与日常生活垃圾。主语为复数，动词使用原形。 68. We choose reusable bags ____________ plastic bags when shopping. 【答案】instead of 【详解】instead of而不是；倡导布袋替代塑料袋，环保主题常用短语。 69. Human activities ____________ the climate and natural environment greatly. 【答案】have an influence on 【详解】have an influence on 对……产生巨大影响。 70. We must ____________ to protect ____________ before it is too late. 【答案】take action；natural resources 【详解】take action采取行动；natural resources自然资源。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！ 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $