Unit 4 Our Memory特殊疑问词引导的宾语从句精讲精练-2026-2027 学年人教版九年级上册英语

该初中英语单元复习讲义通过表格梳理与结构化讲解构建特殊疑问词引导的宾语从句知识体系，涵盖定义、连接代词/副词分类及功能、语序时态规则等核心要点，用对比表格呈现who/whom、what/which等易混词用法，清晰展现知识内在逻辑与重难点分布。 讲义亮点在于分层练习设计，如单项选择中否定转移题（I don’t think it is polite）、句型转换中疑问词+to do简化（how we can use→how to use），结合语言能力培养与思维品质提升，帮助学生精准掌握语法规则，支持教师实施分层教学，助力学生自主复习时高效突破难点。

答案解析 一、单项选择（25小题） 1. 答案：B。解析：考查否定转移规则，主句主语I、一般现在时、动词think，否定要转移到主句，即don’t think，从句用肯定it is polite；A未否定转移错误；C语义不符；D双重否定表肯定语义错误。 2. 答案：B。解析：主句told为一般过去时，宾语从句时态倒退为过去时；从句必须陈述语序（主语my true friend在前，was在后）；A疑问语序、时态错；C时态、语序双错；D时态未倒退错误。 3. 答案：A。解析：答句讲机器人浇灌庄稼，是农场运作方式，用连接副词how表“如何、怎样”；what什么，which哪一个，who谁，均不表方式。 4. 答案：C。解析：前句想买夹克，答句推荐款式，从句陈述语序；which有选择范围（多款外套）作choose宾语；A疑问语序错误；B、D疑问语序且语义（地点）与答句不匹配。 5. 答案：C。解析：答句回答归属史密斯夫人，whose作定语修饰handbag，表“谁的”；which哪一个，who谁（只能作主/表），what什么，无法表物品归属。 6. 答案：A。解析：答句解释AI作曲的原因（比请音乐人便宜），用why表原因；what什么，how方式，when时间，均不符合答句逻辑。 7. 答案：B。解析：答句“It’s Mr. Black’s”表归属，who the robot belongs to意为“机器人归谁所有”；A时间、C制作原因、D运送城市，均和归属答语无关。 8. 答案：C。解析：happen无被动，排除B；句中over there强调此刻正在发生，用现在进行时what is happening；A一般现在时表常态，不符合场景；D助动词did多余，句式错误。 9. 答案：D。解析：答句讲述电影故事内容，引导词用what；从句陈述语序（主语the story在前，is在后）；A、C引导词when表时间，和答语无关；B疑问语序错误。 10. 答案：A。解析：主句主语I、动词think，符合否定转移条件，否定放主句don’t；从句根据“好主意”推测将来会不会来，用will；B未否定转移错误；C、D语义逻辑不通。 11. 答案：B。解析：谚语“相识是交朋友第一步”，讲交朋友的方法；how to make friends是疑问词+to do简化宾语从句；A我们需要谁，C朋友是什么样，D我们该去哪，均和交友方法无关。 12. 答案：D。解析：答句“关键是礼貌耐心”解释和所有人和睦相处的原因，引导词why；从句必须陈述语序（主语you在前，can get在后）；A、B疑问语序直接排除；Cif是否，和答句原因不匹配。 13. 答案：D。解析：答句“市体育中心”是地点，用连接副词where表地点；who人，that无实义不引导特殊疑问从句，whether是否，均不答地点。 14. 答案：C。解析：答句“下午3点碰面”是时间，when to get to是疑问词+to do结构表时间；how方式，what事物，where地点，不符合答句时间信息。 15. 答案：D。解析：第一空what作do的宾语，what they can do表“他们能做的事”；第二空whose作定语修饰parents，the little boy whose parents意为“父母外出打工的小男孩”；that不充当成分，who只能指人不能修饰parents，排除A、B、C。 16. 答案：B。解析：who作are的表语，showing who you are意为“展示你是谁”；where地点，how方式，when时间，语义不通。 17. 答案：C。解析：wait for后缺宾语，whom指代人，作介词for的宾语（正式书面用法）；why原因，whose谁的，which哪一个，无法作for的宾语。 18. 答案：C。解析：后半句回答见到明星，指代人作saw宾语，用whom；when时间，where地点，how方式，均不指人。 19. 答案：B。解析：答句回答求助的对象（父母、信任的人），引导词who；从句陈述语序主语you在前；A、C疑问语序直接排除；Dhow方式和答句人物无关。 20. 答案：A。解析：固定搭配what…be like 表示“……是什么样子”，是固定宾语从句句型；how不能和like搭配；why原因、where地点语义不符。 21. 答案：B。解析：第一空否定转移I don’t think，反意疑问句反问从句，从句主语Lucy、将来时will，前否后肯用will；第二空答句she won’t表否定，英文回答事实，用No翻译为“是的”；A、Cwon’t反问错误，DYes和后半句否定矛盾。 22. 答案：D。解析：主句wanted一般过去时，从句时态倒退，will变would；从句陈述语序主语they在前；A、B时态未倒退；C疑问语序错误。 23. 答案：C。解析：tell是双宾语动词，tell sb. sth.，sb.间接宾语，sth.直接宾语；本句how to get…整体作tell的直接宾语；A宾补、B谓语、D间接宾语均错误。 24. 答案：B。解析：第一空what作主语matters的逻辑主语，what really matters意为“真正重要的事”；第二空答困难时求助的地点，用where；that不充当句子成分，who指人，后半句不询问人，排除A、C、D。 25. 答案：C。解析：decide后接宾语从句，陈述语序which club I should join；A疑问词+to do结构语序错误；B疑问语序；D结构语法完全错误。 二、用所给单词的适当形式填空（10小题） 1. 答案：stayed。解析：宾语从句内last night是明确过去时间，主句asks现在时，从句根据自身时间用一般过去时，stay变过去式stayed。 2. 答案：lives。解析：句意“我好奇这种怪鸟如何在野外生存”，描述客观常态，从句用一般现在时；主语bird单数，谓语live三单lives。 3. 答案：will start。解析：tomorrow明天表将来，主句现在时，从句根据时间用一般将来时will start。 4. 答案：is talking。解析：后一句“我们去看看”，说明此刻有人正在和吴老师交谈，用现在进行时；who作主语单数，填is talking。 5. 答案：makes。解析：what作从句主语，视作单数；句意“什么让你成为优秀管理者”是客观问题，一般现在时，make变三单makes。 6. 答案：to say。解析：固定结构疑问词what + to do，what to say意为“要说什么”，简化宾语从句。 7. 答案：to write。解析：固定结构how + to do，how to write表示“如何书写”，是宾语从句简化形式。 8. 答案：lost。解析：主句Did find out是一般过去时，从句丢失自行车是过去动作，lose过去式lost。 9. 答案：whose。解析：修饰名词notebook表“谁的笔记本”，用连接代词whose。 10. 答案：whom。解析：介词with后缺指人宾语，正式书面用whom，指代谈话对象。 三、句型转换（15小题，每空一词） 1. 答案：how to。解析：主句主语we和从句主语we一致，宾语从句how we can use简化为疑问词+to do：how to use。 2. 答案：how; was。解析：直接引语特殊疑问词how保留；主句asked一般过去时，从句you对应I，are倒退为was，陈述语序。 3. 答案：where I bought。解析：疑问词where保留；主句asks现在时，直接引语did you buy改为陈述语序I bought（去掉助动词did，buy变过去式bought）。 4. 答案：when to。解析：主句主语I和从句主语I相同，when I will leave简化为when to leave。 5. 答案：when; would。解析：疑问词when不变；主句asked过去时，will倒退为would，从句陈述语序。 6. 答案：he chopped。解析：主句谓语 asked 为一般过去时，遵循 “主过从过” 时态规则；直接引语疑问语序要改为陈述语序，原句主语 you 指代 Benny，转换为人称 he；原一般现在时动词 chop 改为过去式 chopped。 7. 答案：why he didn’t。解析：特殊疑问词why保留；主句please tell me现在时，从句陈述语序，he作主语，didn’t不变。 8. 答案：why; take。解析：主句have wondered现在完成时，从句客观习俗，时态不变；陈述语序主语Japanese在前，谓语原形take。 9. 答案：where Bob lives。解析：合并宾语从句，疑问词where引导，陈述语序Bob作主语，does去掉，live变三单lives。 10. 答案：where; can。解析：宾语从句陈述语序，疑问词where不变，主语I在前，情态动词can放在主语后。 11. 答案：who was。解析：主句asked过去时，原句who is倒退为who was；who在从句中作主语，直接保留。 12. 答案：which; we should。解析：which修饰natural wonder作引导词；从句陈述语序主语we在前，情态should跟主语后。 13. 答案：what; sold。解析：主句asked一般过去时，疑问词what保留；原句do you sell改为陈述语序，sell变过去式sold。 14. 答案：which; liked。解析：which修饰attractions；主句asked过去时，like倒退为过去式liked，陈述语序。 15. 答案：whose; was。解析：whose修饰schoolbag；主句asked过去时，is倒退为was，陈述语序whose schoolbag作主语。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 人教版（新教材）九年级上册Unit 4 Our Memory 单元核心语法精讲精练 核心语法：特殊疑问词引导的宾语从句 知识点1 核心语法讲解 1. 定义：由特殊疑问句转化而来，用特殊疑问词引导完整句子充当主句宾语；疑问词有实义，必须在从句中充当句子成分，绝对不能省略。 2. 基础公式：主句 + 特殊疑问词 + 陈述语序从句（引导词 + 主语 + 谓语） 例：I know where he lives. 解析：`where he lives` 为完整从句，整体作主句动词know的宾语。 知识点2 两类引导词用法详解 ① 连接代词（who / whom / whose / what / which） 功能：在从句中可作主语、宾语、表语、定语 连接代词在从句所作成分 例句 主语 A child knows who loves him truly. 宾语 I don’t know whom you met yesterday. 表语 Do you know who he is? 定语 The little girl wondered whose candy it was. 易混必考辨析 词组 用法区别 例句对比 who vs whom who：从句作主/表语 whom：仅作宾语（正式书面） Who is speaking?（主） Whom did you call?（宾） what vs which what：无选择范围 which：有明确选择范围 I don’t know what you want. I don’t know which pen you want. ② 连接副词（when / where / why / how） 功能：在从句中只作状语（时间、地点、原因、方式），不做主、宾、表 连接副词 从句所作成分 例句 when 时间状语 Can you tell me when the meeting will start? where 地点状语 He realized where he left his wallet. why 原因状语 I wondered why my watch didn’t work. how 方式状语 She wants to know how we get there. 知识点3 两大必考规则：语序 + 时态 (1) 语序硬性规则：从句必须使用陈述语序 从句永远主语在前、谓语在后，禁止疑问倒装、不能提前助动词 ❌ 错误：Can you tell me how can I get to zoo? ✅ 正确：Can you tell me how I can get to the zoo? 配套例句：Please tell me when we’ll have the meeting. (2) 主句与从句时态匹配三规则（口诀：主现从不限，主过从必过，真理永一现） 主句时态类型 从句时态规则 配套例句 主句为现在时态 （一般现在/现在完成） 从句时态不受限制，可根据句意任意使用时态 Please tell us where he is. I have known where she lives. 主句为一般过去时 从句时态统一向后推移为对应过去时态； 带明确过去时间状语，只用一般过去时，不用过去完成时 He asked what time it was. He asked when she left in 2024. 从句为客观真理/自然常识 无论主句时态，从句永久用一般现在时 Our teacher said that January is the first month of the year. 知识点4 拓展必考难点1：疑问词+to do 简化结构 1. 适用条件：主句主语 = 从句主语 2. 核心规则：可将完整宾语从句简化为「疑问词 + to do」 3. 限制：why 不可以用于此结构 - I don’t know how I can get there. = I don’t know how to get there. - I don’t know what I should buy. = I don’t know what to buy. 知识点5 拓展必考难点2：宾语从句否定转移 1. 否定转移成立必备条件（缺一不可） ① 主句主语：仅限第一人称 I / We ② 主句时态：仅限一般现在时 ③ 主句动词：仅限观点类动词（think / believe / suppose / expect / imagine / feel） 2. 不发生否定转移的两种情况 1）主语为第二、三人称，否定词留在从句 - He thinks she is not honest. 他认为她不诚实。 2）know / remember / guess / be sure 等动词，不适用否定转移 - I know he isn’t right.（正确句式，不可改写为 I don’t know he is right.） 3. 反意疑问句区分规则 主句主语类型 反意疑问句反问对象 例句 I / We （存在否定转移） 反问宾语从句 I don’t think the weather will be better tomorrow, will it? you/he/she/they （无否定转移） 反问主句 She thought that film was not interesting, didn’t she? 4. 问答答题技巧 答题只依据从句真实含义，不受主句否定形式影响 例：—You don’t think he will win, do you? —Yes, he will. （不，我认为他会赢。） —No, he won’t. （对，我认为他不会赢。） 考点精练 一、单项选择（共25小题） 从A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 ( )1．I ________ to interrupt others while they are talking. A．think it is not polite B．don’t think it is polite C．think it’s polite D．don’t think it’s not polite ( )2．—What did the bear tell you in your ear? —He told me_______ . A．who was my true friend B．who my true friend was C．who is my true friend D．who my true friend is ( )3．—Do you know ________ the smart farm works? —Sure. My uncle showed me how robots water the crops. A．how B．what C．which D．who ( )4．—I’d like to buy a new jacket. But I don’t know ________. —How about this one? A．which should I choose B．where can I get one C．which I should choose D．where I can get one ( )5．—Do you know ________ handbag this is? —It must be Mrs. Smith’s. She always takes it when she goes out. A．which B．who C．whose D．what ( )6．— Do you know ________ AI is used to create music? — I’m not sure. Maybe it’s cheaper than paying a musician. A．why B．what C．how D．when ( )7．—Would you please tell me ________? —It’s Mr. Black’s. A．when the robot was bought B．who the robot belongs to C．why the robot was made D．which city the robot was taken to ( )8．Do you know ________ over there? A．what happens B．what was happened C．what is happening D．what did happen ( )9．— I wonder _________ about the new movie. Dear You (《给阿嬷的情书》) . — It mainly talks about warm family feelings. It’s really touching and worth watching. A．when it came out B．what is the story C．when did it come out D．what the story is ( )10．—Shall we invite our English teacher to the food festival? —That’s a good idea! But I ____ think she ____ come. A．don’t; will B．/; won’t C．won’t; will D．do; won’t ( )11．The saying “Getting to know each other is the first step in making new friends” tells us ________. A．who we need B．how to make friends C．what a friend is like D．where we should go ( )12．—Could you tell me ________? —Well, the key is to be polite and patient. A．if can you catch up with everyone B．why can you get along with everyone C．if you can catch up with everyone D．why you can get along with everyone ( )13．一Do you know __________ they will practice football to prepare the match next month? 一Perhaps in the city sports center． A．who B．that C．whether D．where ( )14．—Did Tina tell you __________ to get to Hefeinan Railway Station? —Yes, she said we would meet there at 3 pm. A．how B．what C．when D．where ( )15．Lily doesn’t know ________ she and her friends can do to help the little boy ________ parents have left their hometown for making money. A．that; whose B．how; who C．what; who D．what; whose ( )16．You do not win respect by showing __________ you are, but what you’re able to do. A．where B．who C．how D．when ( )17．Can you tell me __________ she is waiting for? A．why B．whose C．whom D．which ( )18．Do you know __________ I saw yesterday? It was my favorite star, Jackie. A．when B．where C．whom D．how ( )19．—Do you know ________ when you are in trouble? —Yes. I can ask my parents, friends or anybody I trust. A．who can you ask for help B．who you can ask for help C．how can you ask for help D．how you can ask for help ( )20．—OpenClaw is very popular online now. I just wonder ________ this new AI is like. —It’s creative and brings people lots of fun. A．what B．how C．why D．where ( )21．— I don’t think Lucy will come today, __________ she? — ________, she won’t. She is ill and stays at home A．won’t; No B．will; No C．won’t; Yes D．will; Yes ( )22．They wanted to know ___________ the sports meeting. A．when will they have B．when they will have C．when would they have D．when they would have ( )23．Could you please tell me how to get to Dong Men Square? A．宾补 B．谓语 C．直接宾语 D．间接宾语 ( )24．Sometimes she fails to realize ________ really matters in her life. Also, she doesn’t know ________ she can get help when she’s in trouble. A．that; where B．what; where C．that; who D．what; who ( )25．There are so many clubs in our school and I can’t decide _______. A．to join which club B．which club should I join C．which club I should join D．join which club 二、用所给单词的适当形式填空（共10小题） 1．Mum asks me why I ________ (stay) up late last night. 2．I wonder how the strange bird ________ (live) in the wild. 3．I don’t know when we ________ (start) tomorrow. 4．I don’t know who ____________ (talk) to Mr. Wu. Let’s go and see. 5．Can you tell me what ________ (make) you a successful manager? 6．At the moment I have no idea what ________ (say) at the fashion show. 7．I don’t know how _________ (write) this word. Could you help me? 8．Did you find out where she ________ (lose) her bike? 9．—I wonder __________ (who) notebook it is. —It might be Gina’s. 10．—I wonder ________ (who) you were talking with over there. 三、句型转换（共15小题） 按要求完成下列句子，每空一词。 1．Can you tell me how we can use the computer in the right way? (保持句意不变) Can you tell me _________ _________ use the computer in the right way? 2．“How are you getting along with your new roommate?” Franklin asked me. （改为宾语从句） Franklin asked me ________ I ________ getting along with my new roommate. 3．“Where did you buy these books?” she asks me. (合并为宾语从句) She asks me ________ ________ ________ those books. 4．I haven’t decided when I will leave for Macao. (改为同义句) I haven’t decided ________ ________ leave for Macao. 5．“When will the flight arrive?” the passenger asked the attendant. (改为宾语从句) The passenger asked the attendant ________ the flight ________ arrive. 6．He asked Benny, “Why do you chop the food into small pieces? (改为宾语从句) He asked Benny why _________ _________ the food into small pieces 7．Would you please tell me? Why didn’t he go to France? (合并句子) Would you please tell me ________ ________ ________ go to France? 8．Have you wondered? Why do Japanese take off their shoes before entering a house? （改为宾语从句） Have you wondered ________ Japanese ________ off their shoes before entering a house? 9．Mary wants to know. Where does Bob live. (把两句话合为一句) Mary wants to know ________ ________ ________. 10．Where can I get some stamps? Do you know? (同义句转换) Do you know ________ I ________ get some stamps? 11．“Who is responsible for the food safety problem?” asked the reporter.(改写句子，句意不变) The reporter asked ________ ________ responsible for the food safety problem. 12．I don’t know. Which natural wonder should we choose for our group project? (合并为宾语从句) I don’t know ________ natural wonder ________ ________ choose for our group project. 13．“What do you sell online” I asked the young boy. (保持句意基本不变) I asked the young boy ________ he ________ online. 14．“Which attractions do you like best?” I asked Julia and Roddy.(改为宾语从句) I asked Julia and Roddy ________ attractions they ________ best. 15．Whose schoolbag is on the desk? Father asked.（合并为含有宾语从句的复合句） Father asked ________ schoolbag ________on the desk. 第 1 页 共 4 页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $