Unit 6 Earth First 主题类文拓展阅读（配套教参Word）-【步步高】2025-2026学年高一英语必修第二册学习笔记（外研版·新教材）

**基本信息** 聚焦“人与自然”主题，通过4道阅读理解题系统覆盖主旨归纳、推理判断等题型，以说明文逻辑链（问题-组织-价值）培养语言理解与思维分析能力。 **专项设计** |模块|题量/典例|题型特征|知识逻辑| |----|-----------|----------|----------| |阅读理解训练|4题（含主旨、推理、细节题）|覆盖主旨归纳、推理判断、细节定位，贴合高考常见考查维度|遵循“现象引入-组织介绍-价值阐释”说明文逻辑，构建问题与解决的认知链条，强化个体责任与人类命运共同体意识|

(选自北师大版必修第三册 Unit 8) ROOTS & SHOOTS Most people suffer from what is known as “Just-me-ism”．What is that? Well，say you leave the tap running while you brush your teeth，leave a light on when you go out or you drop a piece of litter and can’t be bothered to pick it up.You know that all those things are wrong，but so what? “What difference can it possibly make？” you say to yourself.“There are millions of people in the world and I’m just me.How can it matter if I leave one little tap running，one little light on or leave a little piece of litter on the road? And anyway，no one will know.” Of course，it wouldn’t matter if there were just a few people in the world.But just think of all the millions of people saying to themselves：“It doesn’t matter.It’s just me.And，anyway，no one knows.” Millions of gallons of water would be wasted; millions of lights would be left on; millions of pieces of litter would be dropped.And all of this would be very harmful. To inspire young people to take action for the environment，animals and their community，Roots & Shoots was established.This institute was set up in the early 1990s by Dr.Jane Goodall，a scientist who’s the world’s best-known expert on wild chimpanzees.In addition to her research，she has been whole-heartedly committed to environmental protection.The whole purpose of Roots & Shoots is to educate young people，from pre-schoolers to university students，so they can help to build a future that is secure and live together in peace with nature. The organisation is called Roots & Shoots because roots move slowly under the ground to make a firm foundation，and shoots seem small and weak，but they can break open brick walls to reach the light.The roots and shoots are you，your friends and young people all around the world.Hundreds and thousands of roots and shoots can solve the problems，change the world and make it a better place to live in. Do you think you help to make the world a better place when you make a sad person smile，when you make a dog wag its tail，and when you water a thirsty plant？One cheered-up person，one happy dog，one flowering plant，and you.That’s what Roots & Shoots is all about：the value and importance of each individual—human，animal or plant.Dr.Jane Goodall believes that the most important thing is that：“Every individual matters.Every individual has a role to play.Every individual makes a difference.” You get to choose：Do you want to use your life to make the world a better place for people，animals and the environment? Do you want to make Roots & Shoots rooted in everyone’s heart? Do you want to be a part of a community for a shared future? You cannot be absent. It is by acting together，in this exciting way，that we can involve thousands—millions—of people，and this is what is going to change the world. —Jane Goodall 1．What’s the main idea of the text? A．The negative effects of Just-me-ism. B．Everyone should do his part. C．Measures to prevent pollution. D．The characteristics，significance and influence of Roots & Shoots. 答案　D 2．What can we infer from the third paragraph? A．Roots & Shoots stands for some parts of an animal. B．Roots & Shoots stands for some parts of a plant. C．Roots & Shoots stands for a firm foundation and power. D．Roots & Shoots stands for some people wasting water. 答案　C 3．What’s the purpose of Roots & Shoots? A．To educate old people. B．To educate young people. C．To educate middle-aged people. D．To educate children. 答案　B 4．What can we learn from the text? A．Every individual doesn’t matter. B．Every individual can make a difference to the world. C．Only a few people suffer from “Just-me-ism”． D．People can’t live together in peace with nature. 答案　B 文章的主题语境是“人与自然”，属于说明文(expository essay)。涉及的主要内容是“保护环境，从我做起”，文章向读者介绍了简·古道尔成立的Roots & Shoots这一组织，先由just-me-ism (利己主义)引出，然后介绍了该组织成立的目的及其名字的含义，最后号召每个人都行动起来，才能把这个世界变得更好。 1．root n．树根 2．shoot n．芽，苗；嫩枝 vt.射中；射击 3．just-me-ism n．以自我为中心，自我中心主义 4．bother vi.& vt.费心，麻烦 5．gallon n．加仑 6．institute n．机构；研究院 7．foundation n．基础；地基 8．wag vi.& vt.(狗)摇(尾巴) 1．Well，say you leave the tap running while you brush your teeth，leave a light on when you go out or you drop a piece of litter and can’t be bothered to pick it up. [结构分析] 本句为主从复合句。say后面是省略that的宾语从句，从句主语是you；and连接并列谓语动词drop和can’t be bothered；句中while和when均引导时间状语从句。 [汉语翻译] 比方说你刷牙的时候让水哗哗地流，外出的时候不关灯，或者掉了一块垃圾却懒得捡起来。 2．This institute was set up in the early 1990s by Dr.Jane Goodall，a scientist who’s the world’s best-known expert on wild chimpanzees. [结构分析] 本句为主从复合句。a scientist who’s the world’s best-known expert on wild chimpanzees为名词短语作同位语，指的是Dr.Jane Goodall，其中who引导定语从句，修饰先行词scientist。 [汉语翻译] 这个组织于20世纪90年代初由珍·古道尔博士创立。在野生黑猩猩研究领域，她是世界上最著名的专家。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $