Unit 6 Period 3 Using language(2)—Listening（配套教参Word）-【步步高】2025-2026学年高一英语必修第二册学习笔记（外研版·新教材）

本高中英语讲义以“环境问题与环保行动”为核心，听力部分聚焦城市烟雾（smog）主题，通过选择填空和精听训练梳理其定义、历史事件（如1952年伦敦大雾）及成因，为后续探讨健康影响与解决措施搭建基础。作业部分的主题语篇阅读与完形填空，从青少年环保组织、个人对抗沙漠化到退休老人公益奉献，形成从现象认知到行动实践的知识支架。 该资料亮点显著，听力训练结合精听填空，提升学生语言理解与信息抓取能力（语言能力）。阅读选材真实环保案例，如Cleanup Kids组织与Sarah Toumi治沙故事，培养学生社会责任感与人类命运共同体意识（文化意识）。完形填空通过人物事迹分析，引导学生推断与评价，提升思维品质。课中辅助主题理解，课后作业巩固知识，助力查漏补缺。

Activity eight. Listen again and complete the slides. Good evening, everyone, and thank you for coming to today's talk. I'm doctor Brown, and i'm going to talk about air pollution in cities, what we all know as smog. Please feel free to stop me if you have any questions. So first of all, a bit of history. The terms mog was first used in the eighty and hundreds in cities that had problems with smoke and fog. Sorry for interrupting, but I believe I was in the nineteen . hundreds. Sorry, I made a mistake. You are right. IT was in the nineteen hundreds. Thank you. London was one of the cities where smoke caused big problems. In december one thousand nine hundred and fifty two, IT suffered from the great smog. IT was a very cold winter, so a lot of cold was burned at home and in the factories. The problem was that there was no wind. So thick smog covered the city nowadays. Excuse me. But can I just ask, did the smog cause any deaths? I'm afraid so. According to research, about four thousand people are known to have died as a result of the smug, but that number could be much hier. IT was terrible. Nowadays, smoke still exists, but is produced by chemicals coming from traffic and factories. However, governments are taking measures to reduce smog as much as possible. Now lets look at what smog does to our health. If I could just stop you again, can you give us examples of these measures? Well, for example, factories must follow rules about what chemicals they use in some cities. When there's smog, people have to pay to drive in the centre. Now let's move on to the impact of smog on our health. Period 3　Using language(2)—Listening Ⅰ.选择填空 Listen to the lecture on P89 and choose the best answer. 1．What is the main idea of the lecture? A．Air pollution in big cities. B．Smog in big cities. C．Effects of smog in big cities. 答案　B 2．What was the main cause of “The Great Smog” in London in December 1952? A．A large number of cars on the road. B．Burning a lot of coal due to the cold winter and lack of wind. C．Chemicals from factories. 答案　B 3．What will be talked about next? A．Measures to reduce smog. B．Paying to drive. C．The effect of smog on health. 答案　C Ⅱ.听力填空(精听训练) Listen to the lecture on P89 again and fill in the blanks with the words you hear. Lecturer：Good evening，everyone，and thank you for coming to today’s talk.I’m Dr Brown and I’m going to talk about 1.air pollution in cities—what we all know as “smog”．Please feel free to 2.stop me if you have any questions.So，first of all，a bit of history.The term “smog” was first used in the 1800s in cities that had problems with smoke and fog. Student A：Sorry for interrupting，but I believe it was in the 3.1900s. Lecturer：Sorry，I made a mistake.You are right.It was in the 1900s.Thank you.London was one of the cities where smog caused big problems.In December 4.1952，it suffered from “The Great Smog”．It was a very cold winter，so a lot of coal was burned at home and in the factories.The problem was that there was no 5.wind，so thick smog covered the city.Nowadays... Student B：Excuse me，but can I just ask—did the smog cause any deaths? Lecturer：I’m afraid so.According to research，about 6.4,000 people are known to have died as a result of the smog，but that number could be much higher.It was terrible！Nowadays，smog still exists，but is produced by chemicals coming from 7.traffic and factories.However，governments are 8.taking measures to reduce smog as much as possible.Now，let’s look at what smog does to our health... Student A：If I could just stop you again...Can you give us examples of these measures? Lecturer：Well，for example，factories must 9.follow rules about what chemicals they use.In some cities，when there’s smog，people have to pay to drive in the centre.Now，let’s move on to the 10.impact of smog on our health... 作业3 [分值：35分] Ⅰ.主题语篇阅读(共8小题；每小题2.5分，满分20分) A (2025·浙江杭州高一上期末) When nine-year-old Ella and Cash met at Ocean Heroes Bootcamp in July 2019，they immediately connected.Introduced by their moms at the University of British Columbia，they soon became an environmental-activism powerhouse duo(强强组合)．“We knew we could make a difference together，” says Cash from Tennessee.Ella，now living in Florida，adds，“We became best friends immediately.” Their meeting quickly turned into action，leading to the creation of Cleanup Kids—a youth-led non-profit focused on environmental protection.Ella’s strong love for the environment began with a love for sharks，encouraged by bedtime stories about them，along with her experiences cleaning up trash along Vero Beach.Cash’s journey started at seven when he found a single plastic straw on the beach，highlighting the broader issue of plastic pollution threatening countless wildlife，including turtles and seabirds. Now both 14，they sometimes meet for sea-turtle freeing，scuba diving，or meeting，but mostly stay “closely connected online” while co-leading Cleanup Kids，which has grown to over 200 members worldwide and continues to grow. “My hope for Cleanup Kids is that it grows from hundreds to thousands of kids，causing a chain of effect that encourages others，” says Ella.Members are tasked with conducting at least one cleanup per month，documenting the rubbish they collect，and aiming for a goal of one million pieces by year’s end，while also sorting and recycling items. In 2022，they were among 25 projects selected for the Gloria Barron Prize for Young Heroes，which honors exceptional young leaders in North America. How do you even begin to make that effect? Cash’s best advice is to start small.“I started with a couple of cleanups with my family.Don’t overdo it，” he says.“Kids may be a small part of the population，but we’re 100 percent of the future，and every little action counts.” 语篇解读　这是一篇说明文，文章主要介绍了“Cleanup Kids”这个由青少年主导的非营利环保组织，虽然成员是青少年，但在环保方面发挥了很大作用。 1．What do Ella and Cash have in common? A．They both live in beachside communities. B．They both worry about rubbish on the beach. C．They both have environmental activist parents. D．They both started environmental protection at seven. 答案　B 解析　细节理解题。根据第二段第二、三句可知，Ella和Cash两人都有在海滩捡垃圾的经历，所以两人都担心海滩上的垃圾问题。故选B。 2．What effect do Ella and Cash hope to make through Cleanup Kids? A．Local community connection. B．Creation of a worldwide recycling program. C．Children’s awareness of pollution. D．Development of new environmental policies. 答案　C 解析　细节理解题。根据第四段中“Members are tasked with...while also sorting and recycling items.”可知，Ella和Cash希望组织成员通过参与这些环保活动，能提高对污染的认识。故选C。 3．Which of the following can best describe Ella and Cash? A．Curious and adventurous. B．Warm-hearted and generous. C．Supportive and outgoing. D．Responsible and determined. 答案　D 解析　推理判断题。根据第二段和第四段可知，他们关注环保问题并创立“Cleanup Kids”组织，而且持续领导组织成员开展环保活动，由此可看出他们有责任感且坚定。故选D。 4．What can be the best title for the text? A．The Cleanup Kids：Small But Powerful B．Friends for Nature：Ella and Cash C．Green Organization：A Non-profit Project D．Youth in Action：A Path to Change 答案　A 解析　标题归纳题。根据全文内容，结合第二段中“Their meeting quickly turned into action，leading to the creation of Cleanup Kids—a youth-led non-profit focused on environmental protection.”可知，文章主要介绍了“Cleanup Kids”这个由青少年主导的非营利环保组织，虽然成员是青少年，但在环保方面发挥了很大作用。A项“Cleanup Kids组织：小而强大”为最佳标题。故选A。 B (2024·浙江高一下期中) As a young girl growing up in France，Sarah Toumi dreamed of becoming a leader who could make the world a better place.Her passion to help others was awakened when，from the age of nine，she accompanied her Tunisian father to his birthplace in the east of the country during holidays.There she organized homework clubs and activities for children. Toumi witnessed first-hand the destructive effect of desertification(沙漠化)．“Within 10 years rich farmers became worse off，and in 10 years from now they will be poor.I wanted to stop the Sahara Desert in its tracks.” A decrease in average rainfall and an increase in the severity of droughts have led to an estimated 75 percent of Tunisia’s agricultural lands being threatened by desertification. Toumi recognized that farming practices needed to change.She is confident that small land areas can bring large returns if farmers are able to adapt by planting sustainable crops，using new technologies for water treatment and focusing on natural products and fertilizers(肥料) rather than chemicals. In 2012，Toumi continued her dream to fight the desert.She moved to Tunisia，and set up a programme named Acacias for All to put her sustainable farming philosophy into action.“I want to show young people in rural areas that they can create opportunities where they are.Nobody is better able to understand the impact of desertification and climate change than somebody who is living with no access to water.” By September 2016，more than 130,000 acacia trees had been planted on 20 pilot farms，with farmers recording a 60 percent survival rate.Toumi estimates that some 3 million acacia trees are needed to protect Tunisia’s farmland.She expects to plant 1 million trees by 2028.In the next couple of years，Toumi hopes to extend the programme to Algeria and Morocco. 语篇解读　本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了Sarah Toumi的成长经历及其为对抗沙漠化、保护突尼斯农田所做出的努力，包括成立Acacias for All项目，种植树木以维护生态平衡，同时也提及了她的个人愿景。 5．How did Toumi’s holiday trips to Tunisia influence her? A．They fired her enthusiasm for helping others. B．They helped her better understand her father. C．They made her decide to leave the country. D．They destroyed her dream of being a teacher. 答案　A 解析　细节理解题。根据文章第一段中“Her passion to help others was awakened when，from the age of nine，she accompanied her Tunisian father to his birthplace in the east of the country during holidays.”可知，Toumi在突尼斯的假期旅行激发了她帮助他人的热情。故选A。 6．What is the main cause of the desertification of Tunisia’s farmland? A．Cold weather. B．Soil pollution. C．Low rainfall. D．Forest damage. 答案　C 解析　细节理解题。根据文章第二段中“A decrease in average rainfall and an increase in the severity of droughts have led to an estimated 75 percent of Tunisia’s agricultural lands being threatened by desertification.”可知，导致突尼斯农田沙漠化的主因是降水量减少。故选C。 7．Why did Toumi set up Acacias for All in Tunisia? A．To create job opportunities for young people. B．To promote the protection of local farmland. C．To persuade the farmers not to use fertilizers. D．To help the children obtain a basic education. 答案　B 解析　推理判断题。根据文章第三段内容、第四段中“She moved to Tunisia，and set up a programme named Acacias for All to put her sustainable farming philosophy into action.”和第五段中“Toumi estimates that some 3 million acacia trees are needed to protect Tunisia’s farmland.”可知，Toumi建立Acacias for All的目的是促进当地的农田保护。故选B。 8．Which of the following can be the best title for the text? A．Saving Water in Africa B．Fighting Poverty in North Africa C．Holding Back the Sahara D．Planting Trees in Tunisia 答案　C 解析　标题归纳题。通读全文，尤其是由文章第二段中“Toumi witnessed first-hand the destructive effect of desertification(沙漠化)．‘Within 10 years rich farmers became worse off，and in 10 years from now they will be poor.I wanted to stop the Sahara Desert in its tracks.’”和第四段首句“In 2012，Toumi continued her dream to fight the desert.”可知，文章主要讲述了Sarah Toumi为阻止沙漠化进程所做的努力，旨在保护突尼斯的农田免受沙漠化威胁。因此，“Holding Back the Sahara”为本文最佳标题。故选C。 Ⅱ.完形填空(共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分) (2025·广东汕头高一上期末) Retirement(退休) hasn’t slowed down 90-year-old great-grandmother Jeanie Shaffer，who has handmade more than 11,000 little hats for newborns in her golden years.She has 1 them all to her local hospital for the last 15 years and offered newborns a welcoming start to life. Jeanie has 7 children,15 grandchildren and 28 great-grandchildren. 2 she has plenty to keep her busy，she still found 3 to start a fun hobby in her 70s after she 4 .When she began making newborn hats，she found it so 5 that she never stopped.When she sits down to make the hats each night，she is completely 6 the task at hand.There is no television or music in the background to interrupt(打扰) her 7 . To 8 Jeanie’s years of devotion and selfless volunteerism，the hospital staff(员工) decided to collect pictures of her 9 .The hospital made a special 10 on social media to all the new moms to provide a picture of their newborn wearing the hat they had 11 .The response(回应) was 12 .Thousands of thankful new moms soon 13 lively photos.The staff then edited and put them together in an album which was presented to Jeanie. The 14 response her donated hats received has 15 Jeanie to continue her work.“I have always said I want to live to be 100，” Jeanie said.“As long as I’m able to make them，I will，” she promised. 语篇解读　本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了90岁高龄的Jeanie Shaffer退休后的生活以及她对社会的无私奉献。 1．A.contributed B．sold C．conducted D．funded 答案　A 解析　contribute捐献；sell卖；conduct进行；fund资助。根据最后一段中“her donated hats”可知，她把帽子捐给当地的医院。故选A。 2．A.Since B．Although C．Once D．Unless 答案　B 解析　since自从……以来；although虽然；once一旦；unless除非。根据下文“she has plenty to keep her busy”和“start a fun hobby in her 70s”可知，句子表示“虽然她有很多事情要忙，但在她退休后的70多岁，她仍然有时间开始一个有趣的爱好”，空格处意为“虽然”。故选B。 3．A.interest B．money C．time D．reasons 答案　C 解析　interest兴趣；money钱；time时间；reason原因。根据下文“start a fun hobby”可知，她仍然有时间去开始自己的爱好。故选C。 4．A.revived B．volunteered C．retired D．survived 答案　C 解析　revive(使)复兴；volunteer自愿；retire退休；survive幸存。根据上文“in her 70s”可知，此处指她退休后的70多岁。故选C。 5．A.stressful B．skillful C．painful D．purposeful 答案　D 解析　stressful紧张的，压力大的；skillful熟练的；painful疼痛的；purposeful有意义的。根据第一段中“offered newborns a welcoming start to life”可知，她把帽子送给新生儿，为新生儿的生活提供一个温馨的开端，她认为这是非常有意义的事。故选D。 6．A.responsible for B．buried in C．anxious about D．expert at 答案　B 解析　responsible for对……负责；buried in将全部注意力集中在某事上；anxious about对……感到焦虑；expert at擅长于。根据下文“There is no television or music in the background to interrupt(打扰) her”可知，她每天都全神贯注于制作帽子。故选B。 7．A.movement B．adventure C．process D．context 答案　C 解析　movement活动；adventure冒险；process过程；context上下文。根据上文“she sits down to make the hats each night”可知，她每天都制作帽子，没有电视或音乐打扰她的制作过程。故选C。 8．A.explore B．contact C．promote D．honor 答案　D 解析　explore探索；contact联系；promote促进；honor给……以荣誉，表扬。根据下文“Jeanie’s years of devotion and selfless volunteerism”可知，为了表扬Jeanie多年来的奉献和无私的志愿服务。故选D。 9．A.documents B．creations C．belongings D．collections 答案　B 解析　document文件；creation创造，作品；belongings所有物；collection收藏品。根据第一段中“handmade more than 11,000 little hats for newborns”可知，Jeanie用手做帽子，医院的工作人员决定收集她创造的帽子的照片，空格处意为“创造物”。故选B。 10．A.request B．application C．credit D．title 答案　A 解析　request请求；application应用；credit信用；title标题。根据下文“all the new moms to provide a picture of their newborn wearing the hat”可知，医院请求所有新妈妈提供新生儿戴着他们收到的帽子的照片。故选A。 11．A.produced B．preferred C．donated D．received 答案　D 解析　produce生产；prefer更喜欢；donate捐赠；receive收到。参见上题解析。故选D。 12．A.unique B．alarmed C．massive D．surprised 答案　C 解析　unique独特的；alarmed惊恐的；massive大量的，大规模的；surprised惊讶的。根据下文“Thousands of thankful new moms”可知，很多妈妈对医院的请求做出了回应，空格处意为“大量的，大规模的”。故选C。 13．A.shared B．published C．recommended D．registered 答案　A 解析　share分享；publish出版；recommend推荐；register登记，注册。根据上文“provide a picture of their newborn wearing the hat”可知，新妈妈被请求提供新生儿的照片，所以她们就分享了照片。故选A。 14．A.awkward B．demanding C．challenging D．positive 答案　D 解析　awkward尴尬的；demanding要求高的；challenging有挑战性的；positive积极的。根据上文“Thousands of thankful new moms soon lively photos.”可知，新妈妈们分享了新生儿的照片，这是她们做出的积极的反应。故选D。 15．A.prevented B．pushed C．slid D．identified 答案　B 解析　prevent阻止；push推动，促使；slide滑动；identify识别。根据下文“to continue her work”可知，她所收到的积极的反应促使她继续这项工作。故选B。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $