Unit 5 A fine balance课时1 Starting out 课时练习2026-2027学年外研版英语九年级上册

**基本信息** 本练习围绕“生态系统”主题，通过基础认知、技能应用、语篇综合三层设计，实现词汇→句型→语篇的渐进式巩固，培养语言能力与思维品质。 **分层设计** |层次|知识覆盖|设计特色| |----|----------|----------| |基础认知层|核心词汇（生态系统相关名词及形容词）|通过音标/中文提示默写（如单词、词组默写）| |技能应用层|基础句型与语法（介词搭配、词形转换、词汇辨析）|结合主题语境的语法填空（如句子补全、词形变化）| |语篇综合层|语篇理解与综合应用（段落逻辑、信息提取、问题解决）|多模态语篇任务（如阅读还原、完形填空）|

2026-2027学年外研版九年级上 Unit 5 A fine balance 课时1 Starting out 部分课时练习 一、单词默写（根据音标或中文写出英文单词） 1. ________ /ˈiːkəʊsɪstəm/ n. 生态系统 2. ________ /ˈwetlənd/ n. 湿地 3. ________ /ˈɡrɑːslænd/ n. 草原 4. ________ /ˈreɪnfɒrɪst/ n. 雨林 5. ________ /ˈdezət/ n. 沙漠 6. ________ /ˈrɪvə/ n. 河流 7. ________ /ˌiːkəˈlɒdʒɪkl/ adj. 生态的 8. ________ /ˈbæləns/ n. 平衡 二、词组默写（根据中文写出英文词组） 1. 依赖，依靠 __________________________ 2. 生态保护 __________________________ 3. 生态平衡 __________________________ 4. 在生态系统中 __________________________ 5. 人类的影响 __________________________ 6. 研究报告 __________________________ 三、根据要求完成句子（用所给中文提示补全英文句子，每空一词） 1. 在地球的生态系统中，我们相互依赖。 We depend ______ each other in the ecosystem of the earth. 2. 人类对生态系统有各种影响。 Humans have various ______ on ecosystems. 3. 我们如何帮助保护生态系统？ How can we help ______ ecosystems? 4. 湿地是许多动植物的重要栖息地。 Wetlands are important ______ for many plants and animals. 5. 保持生态平衡对我们所有人都很重要。 Keeping ecological ______ is important for all of us. 四、用括号内所给词的适当形式填空 1. Rainforests are home to more than half of the world's plant and animal ______ (species). 2. Human activities have caused great ______ (destroy) to many ecosystems. 3. The ______ (protect) of wetlands is important for water conservation. 4. The government has taken many measures to keep the ______ (ecology) balance. 5. We should learn to live ______ (harmony) with nature. 五、选词填空（从方框中选择适当的单词填入空白处，每词限用一次） ecosystem wetlands grasslands rainforests deserts rivers balance influence protect species Our planet is made up of many different ecosystems. (1) ______ are areas where the ground is covered with water for part of the year. (2) ______ are large areas of land covered with grass, where many animals live. (3) ______ are home to countless (4) ______ of plants and animals. (5) ______ are dry places with very little rain. (6) ______ flow through the land and provide water for life. All these ecosystems are connected. They work together to maintain the (7) ______ of nature. Human activities can (8) ______ ecosystems in both positive and negative ways. It is our responsibility to (9) ______ these natural environments. By doing so, we ensure that the (10) ______ can continue to support life for future generations. 六、阅读还原（从 A-F 六个选项中选出五个填入短文空缺处，使短文完整流畅） What Makes an Ecosystem Healthy? An ecosystem is a community of living things and their environment. (1) ______ A healthy ecosystem can support a wide variety of plants and animals. First, a healthy ecosystem has great biodiversity. (2) ______ When there are many different species, the ecosystem becomes stronger and more stable. Second, a healthy ecosystem has clean resources. (3) ______ They should be free from pollution so that all living things can survive. Third, a healthy ecosystem is balanced. (4) ______ If one species dies out, it can affect the whole system. Finally, a healthy ecosystem can recover from changes. (5) ______ This ability to recover is called resilience (恢复力). A. It means there are many different kinds of plants and animals. B. When one part of the ecosystem is damaged, the whole system suffers. C. Natural disasters or human activities may cause damage, but a healthy ecosystem can heal over time. D. It is a system where all parts are connected and depend on each other. E. The water, soil, and air must be clean and healthy. F. Human activities are the only cause of ecosystem damage. (1) ________ (2) ________ (3) ________ (4) ________ (5) ________ 七、阅读理解 A  Ecosystem Characteristics Examples Rainforest High rainfall, warm temperatures, dense trees Amazon Rainforest Grassland Flat land with grasses, moderate rainfall African Savanna Desert Very dry, extreme temperatures Sahara Desert Wetland Water-covered land, rich in wildlife Poyang Lake Wetland River Fresh water flowing from mountains to seas Yangtze River ( )1. Which ecosystem has high rainfall and warm temperatures? A. Desert. B. Grassland. C. Rainforest. D. Wetland. ( )2. What is a characteristic of grasslands? A. Dense trees. B. Extreme temperatures. C. Flat land with grasses. D. Water-covered land. ( )3. Which ecosystem is very dry with extreme temperatures? A. River. B. Desert. C. Rainforest. D. Wetland. ( )4. The Yangtze River is an example of a ______. A. rainforest B. grassland C. desert D. river ecosystem ( )5. Wetlands are rich in ______. A. trees B. wildlife C. sand D. ice B    Wetlands are areas of land that are covered with water for part or all of the year. They include marshes, swamps, and bogs. Although they cover only about 6% of the earth's surface, wetlands are among the most productive ecosystems in the world. Wetlands are important for many reasons. First, they provide homes for a wide variety of plants and animals. Many species of birds, fish, and insects depend on wetlands for their survival. Second, wetlands help control floods. They absorb rainwater and release it slowly, which helps reduce the risk of floods. Third, wetlands filter and purify water. They remove pollutants from the water, making it cleaner for other uses. Despite their importance, wetlands are under threat. Human activities such as farming, building, and pollution have caused many wetlands to disappear. It is important that we protect and restore these valuable ecosystems for future generations. ( )6. What percentage of the earth's surface is covered by wetlands? A. About 6%. B. About 16%. C. About 26%. D. About 36%. ( )7. Which of the following is NOT mentioned as a reason wetlands are important? A. They provide homes for wildlife. B. They help control floods. C. They produce food for humans. D. They filter and purify water. ( )8. What do wetlands do with rainwater? A. They quickly release it to the sea. B. They absorb it and release it slowly. C. They use it for farming. D. They dry it out completely. ( )9. Why are wetlands disappearing? A. Because of natural disasters only. B. Because of farming, building, and pollution. C. Because of climate change only. D. Because of animal activities. ( )10. What should we do to help wetlands? A. Build more buildings on them. B. Use them for farming. C. Protect and restore them. D. Ignore them completely. C    Ecological balance refers to the state in which ecosystems are healthy, stable, and able to sustain themselves. This balance is essential for the survival of all living things, including humans. One of the reasons ecological balance is important is that it supports biodiversity. When ecosystems are balanced, different species can coexist and thrive. Each species plays a role in the ecosystem, and the loss of one species can affect many others. Another reason is that ecosystems provide essential services. Forests produce oxygen and absorb carbon dioxide. Wetlands purify water and help control floods. Grasslands support many animals and help maintain soil quality. When these ecosystems are damaged, these services are lost. Human activities are the biggest threat to ecological balance. However, we can also be part of the solution. By reducing pollution, protecting natural areas, and using resources wisely, we can help restore and maintain ecological balance. It is not just the responsibility of governments—every individual can make a difference. In conclusion, ecological balance is not a luxury—it is a necessity. Protecting our ecosystems means protecting our own future. ( )11. What is ecological balance? A. The amount of water in a wetland. B. The number of forests in a country. C. The state in which ecosystems are healthy and stable. D. The temperature of the earth. ( )12. According to the passage, why is biodiversity important? A. Different species depend on each other in the ecosystem. B. It makes the world more beautiful. C. It helps humans make money. D. It is required by law. ( )13. What service do forests provide? A. They purify water. B. They produce oxygen and absorb carbon dioxide. C. They help control floods. D. They support many animals. ( )14. Who can help protect ecological balance? A. Only governments. B. Only scientists. C. Only rich people. D. Every individual can help. ( )15. What does the author say about ecological balance? A. It is a luxury. B. It is not very important. C. It is a necessity for survival. D. It cannot be restored. 八、完形填空（阅读下面的短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项） The Amazon Rainforest is one of the most important ecosystems in the (1) ______. It covers about 5.5 million square kilometres and is home to millions of (2) ______ of plants and animals. The Amazon (3) ______ "the lungs of the earth" because it produces about 20% of the world's oxygen. However, the Amazon is in (4) ______. Every year, large areas of the forest are (5) ______ down for farming and building. This (6) ______ not only hurts the plants and animals (7) ______ live there, but also affects the global climate. When trees are cut down, they release carbon dioxide (8) ______ the air, which contributes to global warming. Many people are working to (9) ______ the Amazon. Scientists are studying the ecosystem to better (10) ______ it. Governments are creating protected areas (11) ______ the forest cannot be cut down. Individuals can also help by (12) ______ their carbon footprint and supporting (13) ______ products. Protecting the Amazon is (14) ______ for all of us. The health of this ecosystem affects the (15) ______ planet. We must act now to protect it for future generations. ( )1. A. city B. country C. world D. village ( )2. A. types B. species C. sizes D. groups ( )3. A. calls B. called C. is called D. was called ( )4. A. danger B. peace C. order D. control ( )5. A. cut B. taken C. put D. thrown ( )6. A. effects B. affects C. efforts D. offers ( )7. A. which B. who C. whom D. whose ( )8. A. from B. into C. of D. at ( )9. A. damage B. destroy C. protect D. ignore ( )10. A. understand B. forget C. avoid D. create ( )11. A. so that B. unless C. because D. although ( )12. A. increasing B. reducing C. forgetting D. changing ( )13. A. cheap B. expensive C. sustainable D. harmful ( )14. A. useless B. unimportant C. unnecessary D. vital ( )15. A. same B. entire C. small D. half 九、阅读回答（阅读下面的短文，根据短文内容回答下列问题，每题答案不超过6个单词） Ecosystems: A Delicate Balance An ecosystem is a community of living things—plants, animals, and microorganisms—that interact with each other and their environment. Everything in an ecosystem is connected. A change in one part of the ecosystem can affect other parts. For example, bees play a very important role in ecosystems. They help pollinate (授粉) plants, which then produce fruits and seeds. Without bees, many plants would not be able to reproduce. This would affect the animals that depend on those plants for food. Another example is the relationship between wolves and deer in a forest. Wolves hunt deer, which helps control the deer population. If wolves disappear, the deer population would grow too large. The deer would eat too many plants, which would then affect the entire forest ecosystem. This shows that ecosystems are fragile (脆弱的). Human activities can easily upset the balance. It is our responsibility to understand these connections and protect the natural world around us. 1. What is an ecosystem made up of?   2. What happens when one part of an ecosystem changes?   3. What important role do bees play in ecosystems?   4. What would happen if wolves disappeared from a forest?   5. Why is it important to understand these connections?   参考答案 一、单词默写 1. ecosystem 2. wetland 3. grassland 4. rainforest 5. desert 6. river 7. ecological 8. balance 二、词组默写 1. depend on 2. ecological protection 3. ecological balance 4. in the ecosystem 5. human influence 6. research report 三、根据要求完成句子 1. on 2. influences 3. protect 4. habitats 5. balance 四、用括号内所给词的适当形式填空 1. species 2. destruction 3. protection 4. ecological 5. harmoniously 五、选词填空 1. Wetlands 2. Grasslands 3. Rainforests 4. species 5. Deserts 6. Rivers 7. balance 8. influence 9. protect 10. ecosystem 六、阅读还原 1. D 2. A 3. E 4. B 5. C（F为多余选项） 七、阅读理解 A篇：1. C 2. C 3. B 4. D 5. B B篇：6. A 7. C 8. B 9. B 10. C C篇：11. C 12. A 13. B 14. D 15. C 八、完形填空 1. C 2. B 3. C 4. A 5. A 6. B 7. A 8. B 9. C 10. A 11. A 12. B 13. C 14. D 15. B 九、阅读回答 1. Living things and environment. 2. Other parts are affected. They pollinate plants. Deer population would grow. To protect the natural world. 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $