Unit 2 Let's talk teens-2026-2027学年高中英语语法专项精讲精练必修一（译林版）

Unit 2 Let's talk teens 语法专项精讲精练 语法概览 女同步语法一：简单句、并列句与复合句 ☆同步语法二：构词法：抽象名词后缀 语法精讲精练 (一)基本定义 简单句：只包含一个主谓结构，表达一个完整独立的语义。句子成分齐全，无从句或并列分 句。 ②例：She studies English every day. 并列句：由并列连词连接两个或两个以上的简单句构成，各分句地位平等，相互独立，无主次 之分。 ②例：She studies English,but he prefers French. 复合句：由一个主句和一个或多个从句构成，从句在句中充当主语、宾语、表语、定语、状语 等成分，依附于主句存在。 ⑧例：She studies English because she wants to study abroad. (二)核心用法与结构对比 基本结 句子类型 构 连接词特征 例句 主语+ 谓语(+ 简单句 宾语/补 无连接词 He runs every morning. 语/状 语) 简单句 并列句 +并列 并列连词：and,but,or,so, I like apples,but she likes 连词+ yet,for,while,when oranges. 简单句 从属连词/关系词：that, What he said is true.(名词性 主句+ what,which,who,when, 从句)The book that/bought 从句或 复合句 where,why,because, is interesting.(定语从句)Iwil训 从句+ although,if,unless, cal∥you when I arrive.(状语从 主句 since,so thats等 句) (三)并列句详解 1.常用并列连词及意义 顺承/递进：and,not only..but also.,both.and.,neither..nor.. 转折：but,yet,while(然而)，whereas 选择：or,either..or.,otherwise(否则) 因果：for(因为，语气弱，常后置加逗号)，so(所以) 时间：when(这时突然，常用于was/were doing..when) 1.高考常考易错点 ★but与although不可同时使用（如：A/though he is poor,but he is happy.☐） ★0表示“否则"时，前一分句常有祈使语气或条件意味。 @例：Hurry up,or you'll miss the bus. ★fo引导分句时只能放在后面，且前有逗号，不能用于句首。 ★while表对比“然而"时，前后分句主语常不同。 (四)复合句详解（三大从句） 1名词性从句（主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句、同位语从句） 连接词： that(无意义，从句完整) whether/if(是否) 疑问词：what,which,who,whom,whose,when,where,why,how 高考高频考点： √主语从句常用it作形式主语：It is important that we should arrive on time, √宾语从句中that可省略，但主语从句、表语从句、同位语从句中that一般不省略。 √whether与if的取舍：句首、介词后、与or not直接连用时只用whether;若or not后置，则if也可使用。 1.定语从句（关系从句) 关系代词：who,whom,whose,which,that,as 关系副词：when,where,why 限制性定语从句Vs非限制性定语从句（非限制性有逗号，不可用that) 只能用that的情况：先行词为不定代词（如everything,nothing)、被序数词/最高级修 饰、既指人又指物等。 只能用which的情况：非限制性定语从句、介词后(the house in which he lived)。 1.状语从句 when,while,as,before,after,since,until,as soon as,once,the moment, immediately,every time 原因：because,since,as,now that,in that 条件：if,unless,as long as,provided that,on condition that 让步：although,though,even if/even though,while(尽管)，no matter+疑问词， 疑问词+ever 结果：so.that.,such.that.. 目的：so that,in order that,in case(以免) 比较：as.as.,than,the more.the more. 方式：asif/as though,the way ★"主将从现”原则：主句为将来时，时间/条件/让步状语从句用一般现在时。 (五)易混点辨析（高考必考） 1.并列句Vs复合句：核心在于连词属性。并列连词连接两个独立分句；从属连词引导从句依 附于主句。 ⑨例：I stayed at home because it rained..→复合句(because是从属连词) ⑧例：It rained,so/stayed at home.→并列句(so是并列连词) 1.that的省略与不可省略：在及物动词后的宾语从句中可省略，但在下列情况不可省略： 主语从句/表语从句/同位语从句 宾语从句提前时 并列宾语从句中第二个及之后的that 介词后的宾语从句(except that/in that等) 形容词后的宾语从句（如/'m sure that.) 1.定语从句与同位语从句的区分： 定语从句：that在从句中作成分（主语、宾语等），可被which替换。 例：The news that he told me is true,(that作told的宾语) 同位语从句：that不充当任何成分，仅起连接作用，不可省略。 ⊙例：The news that he won the game is true,.(that不成分) (六)高考高频考点总结（附例句） 1并列连词选择：根据上下文逻辑关系（递进、转折、选择、因果）。 ②例：He studied hard, _he passed the exam.→so(因果) 2.状语从句连词辨析： because(直接原因)/since(已知原因)/as(附带原因)/for(补充原因) whie(动作同时进行或对比)/when(具体时间点或突然)/as(伴随或渐进) unless(除非)/if not(如果不) although/though(不可与but连用，但可与yet连用) 3.名词性从句连接词：根据从句是否缺成分。 缺主语/宾语：what,which,who,whom 不缺成分：that,whether/if ⑨例： we need is more time,→What(缺主语) 4.定语从句关系词：先行词在从句中的成分（主、宾、定、状）及指代人物。 例：This is the factory /visited last year.→which/that/省略(visited缺 宾语) 5.主语从句与强调句的区分： 强调句结构：Itis/was+被强调部分+that/who+剩余部分。去掉itis/was.,that 后句子仍完整。 例：It was yesterday that/met him,→/met him yesterday.(完整) 主语从句：tis+形容词/名词+that.去掉后句子不完整。 It is important that we should learn English.-Important that we should learn English.(不完整) 二、专项练习 (一)单项选择(10小题) 从A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 1.He is a very serious man,_ his wife is quite humorous. A.when B.while C.as D.because 2. you have finished your homework,you can go out to play. A.Unless B.Although C.Since D.Before 3.The reason he was late was that he got stuck in a traffic jam. A.why B.which C.that D.what 4.It was not until midnight he came back home A.that B.when C.while D.as 5. team wins the game will get a big prize. A.Whatever B.Whichever C.Whoever D.No matter what 6.We'll go for a picnic tomorrow it rains. A.unless B.if not C.as long as D.even if 7.The factory, workshops you visited last week,has been closed. A.which B.that C.whose D.where 8.I doubt he will succeed or fail. A.that B.whether C.if D.what 9.Not only the book,but he also wrote a review about it. A.did he read B.he read C.does he read D.he reads 10.The moment I saw him,I knew that something A.had happened B.happened C.has happened D.would happen (二)用适当的连接词填空(8小题) 根据句子语境，填入适当的并列连词或从属连词（每空一词）。 1.He was about to leave the telephone rang. 2.he is very young,he knows a lot about history. 3.I will wait for you you come back. 4.The problem is we can get enough water 5.Is this the museum you visited last year? 6. it rains tomorrow,we will cancel the trip 7.She is so kind everyone likes her 8.I don't know he will come or not. (三)篇章语法填空(12小题) 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入适当的连接词或关系词。 Last week,I read a book 1. _was written by a famous author.The story is about 2. a young man overcame many difficulties.I was deeply moved by 3. he said in the book.The reason 4.I like this book is that it gives me courage. My friend Tom,5.is also a book lover,recommended another novel to me He said 6. he had never read such an interesting book before.7. started reading it,I couldn't put it down.The plot is so complicated 8.you always wonder what will happen next. Some people think 9. reading is a waste of time,10.I believe it is a great way to learn.11. _you read more,you will gain more knowledge.I hope 12. everyone can enjoy reading as much as I do 三、参考答案 (一）单项 选择 1.B;2.C;3.A;4.A;5.B;6.A;7.C;8.B;9.A;10.A (二)用适 当的连接词 1.when 2.Although Though 3.until till 4.whether 5.which that;6.If;7.that;8.whether 填空 (三)篇章 1.that which 2.how 3.what 4.why 5.who 6.that 7.Once/ 语法填空 When As soon as 8.that 9.that;10.but;11.If When 12.that 章 语法精讲精练二 （一)基本定义 抽象名词后缀是附加在动词、形容词或名词后，将词性转换为抽象名词的派生手段。抽象 名词表示动作、状态、性质、结果或概念等，是高考英语语法填空、短文改错及完形填空 中的高频考点，重点考查词性转换的拼写规侧和语境判断。 (二) 核心后缀分类与用法 后缀 派生 含义 典型词对 拼写注意点 方向 动 动词 作、 educate- -tion 动词以-t/te结尾加-tion,以-de结尾改 →名 过 education;decide -sion 为-sion 词 程、 →decision 结果 动 动词 develop→ 作、 -ment →名 状 development; 直接加-ment,注意以-y结尾变-i(如 achieve→ 词 态、 accompany-accompaniment) achievement 产物 形容 性 kind→kindness; -ness 词→ 质、 happy→ 以-y结尾变i加-ness 名词 状态 happiness 形容 性 active→activity; -ity 词→ 质、 possible→ 以-able/-ible结尾变-ability/-ibility 名词 状态 possibility 动词/ 动 -ence 作、 differ→difference; 形容 /- 词→ 性 以-ent结尾变-ence,以-ant结尾变 important→ ance ance 名词 质、 importance 状态 动词 动 fail→failure; -ure →名 作、 注意不规则变化（如oress→oressure) 结果 please→pleasure 词 形容 性 warm→warmth; -th 词 质、 常伴随元音变化(Iong-→length, wide→width) 名词 状态 strong→strength (三)高频考点归纳（附例句） 1.动词-→名词：-tion/-sion与-ment的区分 规则：-tion/-sion多用于后缀为-ate,-ify,-duce,-mit,pel,-vet,-ceed等动 词；-ment多用于后缀为-ate,-ish,-ize,-er等及大量规则动词。 例：create→creation;contribute→contribution;admit→admission; permit→permission;develop→development;achieve→achievement; punish→punishment 易错：动词“choose”→choice(非规则后缀)，需单独记忆；"fail"→failure( ure) 2.形容词-→名词：-ness与-ity的区分 -ness：几乎适用于所有形容词，尤其常见派生词的拼写变化简单（如 dark→darkness,weak-→weakness) ity:多用于以able,ible,-al,-ic,-id,-ive等结尾的形容词，拼写常需变形（如 responsible-responsibility,possible-possibility,national-nationality, electronicelectricity) 例：deep→depth(-th),accurate→accuracy(-cy）,efficient→efficiency (-cy),注意-cy也是抽象名词后缀（常与-nt结合） 3.名词-→名词：-hood,-ship,-dom表示状态、身份、领域 child→childhood(童年时代) friend→friendship(友谊) king→kingdom(王国) 注意：这些派生词在高考中常与语境词义辨析结合（如neighborhood, relationship,freedom) 4.拼写易错点（高考高频） 以-e结尾的动词：去掉e加-tion(如prepare→preparation, pronounce-pronunciation) 以-ify结尾的动词：变-ification(如classify→classification, identify-identification) 以-ceed/-cede/-sede结尾动词：变-cession/-cession(如proceed-→orocession, succeed-→success,exceed-→excess) 以-mit结尾动词：变-mission（(如emit→emission,omit-→omission) 以-ive结尾形容词：变-ivity(如active→activity,productive-→productivity） (四)抽象名词在句中的功能 抽象名词作主语、宾语、表语、同位语等，常被不定冠词或不可数名词的零冠词修饰。高 考中常考查抽象名词与冠词的搭配（如a knowledge of,an understanding of)以及 不可数性质(advice,information,progress等无复数形式)。 二、专项练习 (一)单项选择(10小题) 从A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 1.Her to become a doctor was strongly supported by her family. A.decide B.decision C.decisive D.decisively 2.The of the new technology has brought great benefits to the company. A.apply B.applied C.application D.applying 3.We should treat everyone with kindness and A.respectful B.respect C.respecting D.respectively 4.There is a growing that climate change is a serious threat. A.aware B.awareness C.unaware D.awarely 5.The of the experiment depends on careful planning. A.succeed B.success C.successful D.successfully 6.He made a great to the community after the disaster. A.contribute B.contribution C.contributive D.contributively 7.The of the problem lies in the lack of funds. A.solve B.solution C.solved D.soluble 8.It is a common_ that practice makes perfect. A.believe B.belief C.believable D.believer 9.Teachers should encourage students to develop thinking skills. A.create B.creation C.creative D.creativity 10.His for music led him to become a professional pianist. A.passion B.passionate C.passionately D.passionless (二)用所给词的适当形式填空(8小题) 根据句子语境，用括号内所给单词的抽象名词形式填空。 1.The (invite)to the party made her very happy. 2.He expressed his(satisfy)with the service. 3.Hard work and (determine)are the keys to success. 4.There is no simple (explain)for this phenomenon. 5.The (perform)of the athlete was outstanding. 6.We all admired her(brave)in the face of danger. 7.The (relate)between them has become tense recently. 8.The (discover)of the ancient city excited the archaeologists (三)篇章语法填空（12小题) 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入括号内所给单词的正确形式（抽象名词或动词/形容词原 形，注意词性转换)。 In recent years,the rapid 1. (develop)of technology has changed our lives greatly.One important 2 (achieve)is the 3. (invent)of smartphones,which provide great 4.(convenient)for communication.However,there is also a growing 5. (aware)of the negative effects of overuse,such as the loss of 6. (private)and the 7. (reduce)of face-to-face contact. Scientists have expressed their 8. (concern)about these issues.They suggest that we should find a 9. (balance)between using technology and maintaining real human 10. (connect).The final 11. (conclude)is that technology itself is not the problem;it is our 12. (choose)and habits that matter. 三、参考答案 (一)单项 选择 1.B;2.C;3.B;4.B;5.B;6.B;7.B;8.B;9.C;10.A (二）用所 给词的适当 1.invitation 2.satisfaction 3.determination 4.explanation 形式填空 5.performance 6.bravery 7.relation/relationship 8.discovery (三)篇章 1.development 2.achievement 3.invention;4.convenience; 语法填空 5.awareness 6.privacy;7.reduction 8.concern 9.balance 10.connection 11.conclusion 12.choice