Unit 5 Into the wild-2026-2027学年高中英语语法专项精讲精练必修一（外研版）

Unit 5 Into the wild 语法专项精讲精练 语法概览 女同步语法一：非限定性定语从句 ☆同步语法二：非限定性定语从句特殊用法 语法精讲精练 (一）基本定义 非限定性定语从句是定语从句的一种，用来对先行词进行补充说明，而非限定或识别。它与主 句之间用逗号隔开，去掉后主句依然完整、意思不受影响。是高考英语语法填空、短文改错、 写作中区分限定与非限定的核心考点。 (二)核心特征与用法 对比项 限定性定语从句 非限定性定语从句 限定先行词范围，不能省 句法作用 略 补充附加信息，可省略 逗号使用 不用逗号 必须用逗号隔开 可用that/who/ 不能用that;指人用who/whom/whose; which whom 指物用which;时间/地点/原因用when/ 关系词 whose when where where/why(但较少使用，常用介词+which why 替代) 先行词类型 名词或代词 名词、代词、整个主句（用which) 翻译方法 译成前置定语".…的" 译成并列分句或独立句 例句对比： O例句：The students who passed the exam will be rewarded.(限定：只有通 过的学生方获奖) O例句：The students,who passed the exam,will be rewarded.(非限定：所 有学生都通过了，补充说明这一事实) (三)核心关系词选择（高考必考点） 1.指人：who/whom/whose who(主格)、whom(宾格)、whose(所有格) g例句：My sister,,who works in Beijing,will come home next week. O例句：The professor,whom we respect deeply,gave a speech. O例句：The writer,whose novels are popular,,won the prize. 2.指物：which ②例句：The new library,,which was built last year,is now open. 3.指整个主句：which(最常考) O例句：He passed the exam,which made his parents very happy.(which指 代"他通过了考试"这件事) 4.as引导的非限定性定语从句 as可放在句首、句中、句尾，意为"正如."，常与known,expected,reported, mentioned等搭配。 O例句：As is known to al,the earth moves around the sun, ⑧例句：The experiment,,as we expected,,succeeded. 5.介词+which./whom(高级考点) O例句：The city,in which I spent my childhood,has changed a lot 例句：The man,with whom I talked just now,is a famous scientist. (四)非限定性定语从句VS限定性定语从句（易混点） 句子 含义差异 The students who are late will be 限定：只有迟到的学生受罚 punished The students,who are late,will be 非限定：所有学生都迟到，都受罚（补充说明） punished. 限定：我有两个当老师的兄弟（可能还有其他兄 I have two brothers who are teachers. 弟不是老师) I have two brothers,who are teachers. 非限定：我有两个兄弟，他们都是老师（全部） 高考常考判断技巧：去掉从句后，若主句意思有歧义或范围改变，则为限定性；若主句意思仍 然清晰完整，则为非限定性。 (五)高考高频考点总结（附例句） 1.that不能用于非限定性定语从句（最直接考点） 错误：The book,that I bought yesterday,is interesting. 正确：The book,which I bought yesterday,is interesting. 2.which指代整个主句 例句：Tom was late again,which annoyed the teacher. 注意：which不能放在句首(as可以) 3.as引导的非限定性定语从句位置灵活 例句：As is often the case,he forgot his keys.(句首) 例句：He forgot his keys,as is often the case.(句末) 4.有时用of which/of whom表示部分与整体 例句：There are30 students,most of whom are from China 例句：The house,the roof of which is red,is mine 5.非限定性定语从句中关系词的省略问题 关系代词在非限定性从句中作宾语时不能省略（与限定性不同） 限定性：The man(who)I saw is kind.(可省略) 非限定性：The man,whom I saw,is kind.(不能省略) 二、专项练习 (一)单项选择(10小题) 从A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 1.The school library, was damaged in the fire,has been rebuilt A.that B.which C.where D.whose 2.The students, have passed the exam,will be praised A.all of them B.all of whom C.all of which D.all those 3.He fell off the bike made him cry loudly. A.that B.which C.what D.as 4. is reported,a new virus has been found in Africa. A.Which B.That C.As D.What 5.The famous singer we met last week,will give a concert here. A.who B.which C.whom D.that 6.The old man,_ son is a doctor,lives alone. A.who B.whom C.which D.whose 7.The city has many parks, people can relax themselves A.which B.where C.that D.in that 8.She has three books,two of are written in English. A.them B.which C.that D.whose 9.The lecture, about the environment,attracted a large audience. A.which was B.that was C.which D.that 10.He is a teacher, is clear from his way of speaking. A.which B.as C.that D.what (二)用适当的关系词填空(8小题) 根据句子语境，填入恰当的关系词(who,whom,whose,which,as,where,when)。每空 一词。 1.My grandmother, I love deeply,told me many stories 2.The new highway, was completed last month,greatly shortens the travel time 3.He is always late is quite annoying. 4.The young man, car was stolen,called the police immediately 5.The famous scientist, we all respect,will visit our school. 6.The old house, I lived as a child,has been pulled down. 7.The teacher,from we learned a lot,is retiring next week. 8. is often the case,he forgot to bring the report. (三)篇章语法填空(12小题) 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入适当的单词或括号内词的正确形式。注意：可能涉及非限定性定 语从句的关系词或动词形式。 Last Sunday,I attended a lecture 1. (give)by Professor Wang,2. an expert in environmental science.The lecture,3. lasted two hours, covered many topics,4.(include)climate change and renewable energy. Professor Wang,5.speech was both inspiring and informative,received warm applause. After the lecture,we visited a lab,6._ (locate)on the third floor.The lab, 7. equipments are all state-of-the-art,is used for testing new materials.A student,8. we talked to,explained the process of a recent experiment, 9. results were surprising. The whole experience,10. I will never forget,deepened my interest in science.I met a few classmates,11. of whom are also planning to study environmental engineering.As 12. is known to us,knowledge is power,and this lecture proved it. 三、参考答案 (一)单项 选择 1.B;2.B;3.B;4.C;5.C;6.D;7.B;8.B;9.A;10.B (二)用适 1.whom 2.which 3.which 4.whose 5.whom 6.where 7.whom 当的关系词 8.As 填空 (三)篇章 1.given 2.who 3.which 4.including 5.whose 6.located 语法填空 7.whose 8.whom 9.whose 10.which 11.some many several; 12.is 章 语法精讲精练二 (一)基本定义 非限定性定语从句是对先行词或整个主句进行补充说明的从句，不能缺少它，否则句子仍 完整，但含义不够具体。它与先行词之间用逗号隔开，关系代词不能用that,关系副词 不能用why%高考常考其特殊用法，尤其是which指代整个主句、as引导的非限定性 定语从句以及介词+which/whom。 (二) 核心用法与位置对此 先行 类型 关系词 词范 位置特点 例句 围 整个 主句 只能放在主 He passed the exam,which ①which指代整 或主 which 句之后，用 个主句 句的 made his parents very 逗号隔开 一部 proud. 分 As is known to all,the 可位于句 earth goes around the sun. 整个 首、句中或 /The man,as we ②as引导 as 主句 句尾，常译 expected,succeeded. 为"正如” She is a good teacher,as everyone admits. 具体 介词根据先 The house,in which I used to live,was torn down.The ③介词+ 介词+ 名词 行词与从句 teacher,for whom I have which/whom which/whom 或代 动词的搭配 词 选择 great respect,retired last year. 常与 There are 50 students in 多用 于“整 some, the class,most of whom ④名词/代词+ of which /of many, are from the north./He has of 体+部 whom most, collected many paintings, which/whom 分”关 系 none,all the oldest of which is 等连用 over 300 years old. (三)特殊用法详解 1.which指代整个主句（高考高频考点） which指代前面整个主句表达的内容，相当于and this或and that。 例句：She didn't come to the party,which surprised everyone, 易错提醒：不能将这种which误认为是修饰前面的某个名词。对比： She didn't come to the party,which surprised everyone.(非限定，which 指整个主句) She didn't come to the party that was held yesterday.(限定性定语从句，修 饰party) 2.ās引导的非限定性定语从句（常考位置与意义） s在从句中可作主语、宾语或表语，常翻译为“正如..一样”。常见固定搭配： as is known to all(众所周知) as is often the case(情况常常如此) as is expected(正如所料) as we can see(正如我们所见) as has been said above(如上所述) 位置灵活：可放在主句前、中、后。 As is reported,the project will start next month. The project,as is reported,will start next month.( The project will start next month,as is reported.( 区分which和as:两者都可指代整个主句，但as通常表示“正如..”，而 which只表示“这件事"。且as引导的从句可以放在主句前，which不能。 As we expected,he won the race. X Which we expected,he won the race. 3.介词+which/whom(关键考点：介词选择) 介词由先行词与从句中动词的搭配关系决定，或由先行词本身习惯搭配决定。 The musician,about whom many people are talking,is a young man. (talk about) The school,from which he graduated 10 years ago,is now a famous university.(graduate from) 注意：关系代词不能用that;介词后只能接which或whom。 正确：The box,on which there is a label,is full of books 错误：The box,on that there is a label.. 4.名词/代词+of+which./whom(表示部分与整体) 常见结构：some/many/most/none/all/each/both/neither/ either of which/whom The students,most of whom are from the countryside,work very hard. The books,none of which is interesting,are on the shelf I have two sisters,both of whom are doctors. The city has many old buildings,the earliest of which dates from the Tang Dynasty. (四)与并列句的区别（易错点） 非限定：He failed the exam,which made his parents angry.(一个句子，从 句补充说明) 并列：He failed the exam,and this made his parents angry..(两个并列分 句) (伍)高考高频考点总结 l.which与as的区别：as可放句首，有“正如"含义；which不能放句首，仅表示“这 件事”。 2.介词的选择：根据动词搭配或先行词固定介词，如in which(在..里面)、for which(为了..)、during which(在..期间)。 3.部分与整体关系：of whom指人，of which指物。 4.非限定性定语从句中严禁使用that。 二、专项练习 (一)单项选择(10小题) 从A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 1.She has a gift for music, is well known to all. A.that B.which C.as D.it 2.The storm destroyed many houses, made the government take immediate action. A.that B.which C.what D.it 3. is often the case,the weather here changes quickly in spring. A.That B.Which C.As D.It 4.The old man has three sons, are all doctors. A.two of them B.two of whom C.two of who D.of them two 5.The reason he gave for being late is hard to believe A.that B.for which C.which D.what 6.I have bought many books, __only one is useful. A.among them B.among which C.in which D.of which 7. has been announced,we shall have a football match next week A.That B.Which C.As D.What 8.The writer lived in a small house, he wrote his famous novel. A.in which B.where C.from which D.both A and B 9.There are 50 students in the class, 20 are girls. A.in whom B.of them C.of which D.of whom 10.The famous singer,_ __many young people are crazy,will give a concert next month. A.for whom B.to whom C.about whom D.with whom (二)用适当的关系词填空(8小题) 根据语境，填入which,as,who,whom,介词+which/,whom或合适的关系副词。 1.He passed the driving test finally, was a great surprise to his family. 2.The earth is round, is known to everyone 3.The teacher, I often ask for help,is very patient. 4.The mountain, top is covered with snow,is the highest in the area 5.The manager has three assistants,all are good at their jobs. 6 is expected,the company has made a great profit this year. 7.The house, door faces south,is my grandfather's. 8.We visited the factory, workers are mostly from the countryside. (三)篇章语法填空(12小题) 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的词或括号内所给词的正确形式。 Last week,I attended a lecture 1. (give)by a famous scientist, 2. inspired me a lot.The scientist,3. _name I had heard before,talked about environmental protection.He mentioned a project, 4 purpose was to reduce plastic waste.Many volunteers,5. (include)some university students,took part in it.The project,6. started two years ago,has already achieved great success.7. is known to all,plastic pollution is a serious problem worldwide.The scientist, 8. _whom I have great respect,suggested that we should use fewer plastic products.He also showed us some pictures,9. of which were taken by himself.The lecture,10._ lasted about two hours,was very informative.After it,I asked a question,11. he answered patiently.I felt very lucky to have met such a great scientist,12. ideas will certainly influence my life. 三、参考答案 (一)单项 1.C;2.B;3.C;4.B;5.A;6.B;7.C;8.D;9.D;10.A 选择 (仁)用适 当的关系词 1.which;2.as 3.whom 4.whose 5.who 6.As;7.whose 8. whose 填空 (三)篇章 1.given 2.which 3.whose 4.whose 5.including 6.which 7. 语法填空 As 8.for 9.some 10.which 11.which 12.whose