Unit 5 Animals Around Us-2026-2027学年高中英语语法专项精讲精练必修三（冀教版）

Unit 5 Animals Around Us 语法专项精讲精练 语法概览 女同步语法一：省略句 ★同步语法二：强调句 语法精讲精练 (一)基本定义 省略句是在不改变句义的前提下，省略句子中的一个或多个成分，使表达简洁、连贯。在高考 中，省略句常出现在语法填空、短文改错、完形填空和阅读长难句中，考查考生对句子结构还 原和逻辑关系的理解。 (二)核心用法与省略类型 省略类型 省略规则 示例 还原形式 省略主语或谓语（多用于口语 (I)Hope to see you I hope.../Who 简单句省略 或疑问句) soon.Who (is) is next? next? He bought a book He bought a 省略后一分句中与前一分句相 并列句省略 同的成分 and(he bought)a book and he pen. bought a pen. When (you are) 状语从句省略 从句主语与主句一致且谓语含 When you are crossing the street, be,则省略“主语+be” look both ways crossing... 关系代词作宾语时可省略 The book(that)I The book that I 定语从句省略 (that/which/whom) read is interesting read.… 不定式省略 保留to,省略to后的动词原形 Did you go？-I (上文已出现) I wanted to go wanted to (go). Had I known (=If I 省略if,将had/were/should 虚拟条件句省略 had known),I 提至主语前 If I had known... would have helped. (三）)高考高频考点详解 1.状语从句省略 条件：从句主语与主句主语一致，且从句谓语含有be动词（被动或进行时）。 ②例句：When(he was)asked about his plan,he kept silent. 注意：若从句为itbe.结构，不能省略，如：If(itis)necessary,call me.(X)→应说If necessary(固定短语除外)。 2.并列句省略 省略后句与前面相同的谓语或宾语，但需注意时态一致。 O例句：He can speak English but(he)can't(speak)French. 易错：若省略后造成歧义，则不可省。如：She loves him and(she loves)me.省略后 可能误解为“她爱他和我”，但通常可接受。 3.不定式省略 常见于情态动词后的省略：一Would you like to join us?一I'd love to,but I can't, 否定形式：I told him not to(doit).→保留to,省略doit。 注意：助动词(do/does/did)后省略动词原形时，不能保留to。如：一Did you finish? 一Yes,Idid(finish).此处不能加to。 4.虚拟条件句倒装省略 若if从句中有had/were/should,可省略if并倒装。 ⑨例句：Nere I you(=If I were you),I would accept. 考点：主句不倒装，仅从句倒装。 5.定语从句省略 关系代词作宾语时可省略（包括介词后作宾语时，介词不能省，如：This is the man (whom)I spoke to.)。 关系代词作主语不能省略。 特殊：在there be:结构后的定语从句中，关系代词作主语亦可省略：This is the fastest train (that)there has ever been. (四)易混易错点对比 易混点 例句 说明 状语从句省略Vs, When crossing the street,look 省略时还原为状语从句，分词 分词做状语 around.(省略)/Crossing the street,. 直接作状语，无连词。 he was hit.(现在分词) 不定式省略中的to Nill you go?一I plan to.(保留to)/ plan/want/would like后常保 与否 Did you go？-Idid.(无to) 留to;助动词do后无to。 并列句省略中的主 He ate an apple and (he)drank juice. (省略主语)/He ate an apple and(ate) 需根据语境判断避免歧义。 语省略 a banana.(省略谓语) 虚拟条件句倒装与 Had I known it,.(倒装)/If I had 陈述语序 known it,.(正常) 倒装时had提前，主句不变。 二、专项练习 (一)单项选择(10小题) 从A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 1.-You should have thanked her before you left.-I meant but I couldn't find her. A.to do B.to C.doing D.to have done 2.When to complete the project,the manager said it would be two months. A.asked B.asking C.to ask D.having asked 3.The boy wanted to ride his bicycle in the street,but his mother told him A.not to B.not to do C.not do it D.do not to 4.-Are you a teacher?-No,but I I worked in a school for three years A.used to be B.used to C.was used to D.used 5. for his political ideas,he had to flee his country. A.Searching B.Having C.Searched D.To search searched 6.The flowers they had watered were blooming beautifully. A.which B.that C./ D.what 7.Unless to speak,you should remain silent at the conference. A.invited B.inviting C.being invited D.to invite 8.She opened her mouth as if something A.to say B.said C.saying D.to have said 9.He is not the man he used to be. A.who B.whom C./ D.what 10. more attention,the trees could have grown better. A.Given B.To give C.Giving D.Having given (二)单句语法填空(8小题) 根据句子语境，在空白处填入适当的词（一个或两个词)，使句子完整、正确。 l.-Will you attend the meeting？一'm going but I'm not sure 2.He didn't come to school, was strange. 3.If(heat),water can be turned into steam. 4.You can go out for a walk if you want 5.The suggestion he made at the meeting was adopted. 6. (give)another chance,I would definitely succeed. 7.Not only he write the poem,but he also performed it. 8.He asked me to stay,but I refused (三)篇章语法填空（12小题) 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Last week,our class organized a discussion on environmental protection.When (1) (ask)about the most serious issue,most students said air pollution. However,(2) (surprise)as it may seem,few of them had taken any action (3)】 (reduce)pollution.The teacher then showed us a video(4) (record)in a heavily polluted city.We were shocked by the scenes(5) we saw. After the video,the teacher asked us what we could do (6)(help)the environment.Some students said they wanted(7),but they didn't know how.The teacher advised us to start from small things:turn off lights when (8) (leave)a room,and reduce the use of plastic bags."Unless(9) (stop)now,"he said,"the damage will become irreversible."He also reminded us (10) we work together,we can make a difference. I felt ashamed that I had never thought about(11) (do)anything meaningful.From then on,I decided to follow the advice.(12)(give)a second chance,I would have started earlier.But it's never too late to begin. 三、参考答案 (一)单项 选择 1.B;2.A;3.A;4.A;5.C;6.C;7.A;8.A;9.C;10.A (二)单句 语法填空 1.to;2.which;3.heated;4.to;5.that(可省略)；6.Given;7.did;8.to (三)篇章 1.asked;2.Surprising;3.to reduce;4.recorded;5.that(可省略)；6.to 语法填空 help 7.to 8.leaving 9.stopped 10.that 11.doing 12.Given 语法精讲精练二 (一)基本定义 强调句是一种用来突出句子中某一成分（主语、宾语、状语等）的句型结构，通常通过t is/was.that/who..来实现，也可通过助动词do/does/did或What从句等方式进 行强调。强调句是高考语法填空、短文改错、书面表达中的高频考点，掌握其结构及与定 语从句的区分至关重要。 (二)核心用法与结构 强调类型 结构公式 强调成分 例句 主语、宾语、 It was Tom that/who broke t型强调 Itis/was+被强调分+ 状语（不强调 the window.是汤姆打破了窗 句 that/who+其余部分 谓语) 户。 谓语动词 主语+do/does/did+动 谓语动词（时 He does work hard.他确实 强调 词原形 态、数依主语) 工作努力。 What从 What I need is your What+从句+is/was+ 主语或宾语 句强调 被强调部分 (侧重事物) support.我需要的是你的支 持。 1.t型强调句（高考核心） 位置：被强调部分置于tis/was之后，that/who之前；剩余部分用陈述语序。 特点：去掉Itis/was.that/who.后，剩余部分仍是完整的句子。 注意：强调人可用that或who;强调物/事/地点/时间只能用that;不能强调谓语 动词或表语。 例句1（强调主语）： It was Tom that/who saved the drowning child. →去掉框架：Tom saved the drowning child.(完整) 例句2（强调宾语）： It is English that he is learning now. →去掉框架：He is learning English now.(完整) 例句3（强调时间状语）： It was last night that he told me the truth →去掉框架：He told me the truth last night.(完整) 2.谓语动词强调(do/does/did) 位置：直接放在谓语动词原形之前，随主语人称和时态变化。 含义：加强动作的语气，翻译为“确实”“的确“务必”。 例句：I do believe you.我确实相信你。 例句：She does get up early.她确实起得早。 例句：They did finish the work.他们确实完成了工作。 3.What从句强调（主语或宾语） 结构：What+主语+谓语+is/was+被强调部分（名词/名词短语）。 含义：突出“所..的事物/人”。 例句：What she wants is a new book.她想要的是一本新书。 例句：What surprised us most was his attitude.最让我们吃惊的是他的态 度。 (三)核心区分：t强调句Vs定语从句（高考必考点） 比较项 It强调句 定语从句 结构完 去掉It is/was.that/who后句 去掉关系词后句子不完整（缺先行词修饰部分） 整性 子仍然完整 that/who(无成分，只起连接 that/which/.who/whom/where/when等（在 引导词 作用) 从句中作成分) 被强调/ 修饰成 任何成分（除谓语、表语） 先行词（名词/代词） 分 典型例 It was in the park that I This is the park where I met him.(定语 句 met him.(强调地点状语) 从句修饰park) 辨析技巧：将It is/was.that/who去掉，如果剩余部分语法正确且意思通顺，则 为强调句；否则为定语从句。 (四)特殊疑问句的强调 公式：特殊疑问词+is/was+it+that+其余部分？ 例句： When was it that you last saw him?你最后一次见到他是什么时候？ Who is it that will give us a speech?到底是谁要给我们做演讲？ (五)高考高频考点总结 1Itis/was.that/who的时态一致：主句用is时，从句可用一般现在时；主句用 was时，从句用过去时态（有时也用现在时表示客观事实）。 例：It is today that we hold the meeting 例：It was yesterday that we held the meeting 2.不能强调谓语、表语和让步状语： ×It was went that he to school.(错误，谓语不能强调) √He did go to school.(用do强调谓语) 3强调句中的that不可省略（与定语从句不同）： V It is the book that I bought yesterday. ×It is the book I bought yesterday.(在强调句中不完整) 4强调句与状语从句的区分： 易错句：It was10o'clock when he came back.(状语从句，不是强调句) 正确强调：It was at 10o'clock that he came back. 5.What强调句的主谓一致： What从句作主语时，谓语动词用单数(is/was),即使被强调部分是复数。 例：What I need is books.(尽管books复数，但主语是What I need,视为单 数) 二、专项练习 (一)单项选择（10小题) 从A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 1.It was in the library I met Tom yesterday. A.where B.that C.which D.when 2. is it that makes you so happy? A.Who B.What C.That D.Which 3.It was not until midnight they finished the work. A.that B.when C.which D.before 4.He 。 call you,but he forgot your number. A.did B.does C.was D.has 5.What I want _a quiet room to study. A.is B.are C.have D.has 6.It was the students the teacher praised at the meeting. A.who B.which C.what D.where 7.It is I who going to attend the lecture. A.am B.is C.are D.be 8. was it that you saw the film?-Last Sunday. A.When B.Where C.What D.How 9.It was because of the heavy rain the sports meeting was put off A.that B.which C.why D.when 10.The teacher did explain the problem to us again. A./ B.does C.did D.was (二)句型转换(8小题) 将下列句子改为强调句，强调划线部分。 1.I met him in the street yesterday. →It was in the street I met him yesterday. 2.Tom broke the window. →t broke the window. 3.I do believe your story.(用强调结构改写，保留原意) I believe your story. 4.He didn't leave the office until the rain stopped. →t until the rain stopped the office. 5.What he said surprised us.(用What强调句改写，强调“他说的内容") →What surprised us he said. 6.I saw the movie last night →It was I saw the movie 7.The girl in red is my sister. →t the girl is my sister. 8.They did finish the task on time.(改为强调句) finished the task on time. (三)篇章语法填空(10小题) 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入适当的词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Last week,1. was on a rainy morning 2. I received the unexpected call.It was my old friend Tom 3. was inviting me to his wedding.I 4. did feel surprised because we hadn't contacted for years.What I remembered most 5. (be)our childhood days together. It was at that moment 6. I realized how much I missed him. The wedding was held in a beautiful garden.It was not until I arrived there 7. I saw many old classmates.One of them,who I hadn't seen for ten years,8. (come)up to me."It is you 9.haven't changed a bit!"he said.We all laughed.What a wonderful reunion it 10._ (be)! 三、参考答案 (一)单项 选择 1.B;2.B;3.A;4.A;5.A;6.A;7.A;8.A;9.A;10.A (二)句型 1.that 2.was Tom that/who 3.What I believe is 4.was not that he left 5.was what 6.last night that 7.is in red that 8.It was they 转换 that/who (三)篇章 1.it 2.that 3.who/that 4.did 5.was 6.that 7.that 8.came 语法填空 9.that 10.was