Unit 3 The Story of Success-2026-2027学年高中英语语法专项精讲精练必修三（冀教版）

Unit 3 The Story of Success 语法专项精讲精练 语法概览 女同步语法一：过去分词(v-ed)作状语 ☆同步语法二：倒装句 语法精讲精练一 (一)基本定义 过去分词(v-ed)是非谓语动词的一种，作状语时，用来修饰句子的谓语动词，表示时间、原 因、条件、让步、方式、伴随等含义。它所表达的动作与句子主语构成被动关系（主语是动 作的承受者)或完成关系（动作已在谓语动作之前完成），是高考语法填空、短文改错、写作 提分的核心考点。 (二)核心用法与位置 过去分词作状语通常位于句首（用逗号与主句隔开）、句中（插入语）、或句末（补充说明）。 具体用法如下表： 状语类型 含义与功能 例句 可转换的状语从句 表示动作发生的时 时间状语 间，强调“在… Seen from the top,the When it is seen 之后"或“当.… city looks magnificent. from the top,... 时” 表示主句动作的原 Because she was Deeply moved by the 原因状语 因，主语是原因动 deeply moved by 作的承受者 story,she cried. the story,… 表示一种假设条 Given more time,we 条件状语 件，常译为“如果 If we are given 假如” could finish the project. more time,... 表示“虽然/尽 Although he was 让步状语 Defeated many times, 管.” defeated many he never gave up. times,… 表示方式或伴随情 The teacher entered the ..and he was 方式伴随状语 况，描述主语所处 classroom,followed by a followed by a 的状态 group of students. group of students (三)核心含义区分 1.表被动 (及物动词的过去分词)：主语承受该动作。 ⑧例句：Asked about his plan,he remained silent.(他被问及计划，主语he是 ask的承受者) 2.表完成 (少数不及物动词的过去分词，如go,fal,arrive,retire等)：动作已完成，无被动含 义。 O例句：Gone forever are the days of childhood,(童年时光永远逝 去，"gone"表完成) (四)过去分词作状语Vs现在分词作状语（高考必考点） 对比项目 过去分词(done) 现在分词(doing) 主语是动作的承受者（被动）或动作 主语是动作的发出者（主动）或动 逻辑关系 已完成（完成） 作正在进行（进行） Surprised by the news,he Surprising everyone,he won 典型例句 dropped his cup.(他感到惊讶，被 the first prize.(他合人惊讶，主 动) 动) 不及物动词的过去分词只表完成，不表 及物动词的现在分词必须接宾语 易错提醒 被动；如fallen leaves(落叶)，不能 有主动意义，否则需考虑是否用过 说“被落” 去分词 (五) 高考高频考点总结（附例句） 1.判断分词与主语的逻辑关系，确定用done还是doing Exposed to sunlight for a long time,the painting faded.(画作被暴露，被动) Exposing his opinion,he convinced everyone.(他主动表达观点，主动) 2,分词短语的独立主格结构（当分词逻辑主语与句子主语不同时） O例句：The work finished,we went home.(工作完成，我们回家。"工作"是 finish的逻辑主语，与we不同，故保留主语) 3.wth复合结构中的过去分词作状语 ⑧例句：With all the problems solved,he felt relaxed.(所有问题被解决， with+宾语+done) 4.不规则动词过去分词的正确形式（如oroken,known,written,taughts等） 例句：Known as a great scientist,he is respected by all..(known不可写成 knowed) 5.转化状语从句时的时态搭配（注意主从句时态一致） O例句：Encouraged by the coach,the players trained harder,. 二、专项练习 (一)单项选择（10小题) 从A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 1. from the hill,the town looks like a small garden. A.Seeing B.Seen C.To see D.Having seen 2. by the beauty of nature,the tourists took many photos A.Attracting B.Attracted C.To attract D.Having attracted 3. in a traffic jam,he was late for the conference. A.Caught B.Catching C.To catch D.Having caught 4 more attention,the problem could have been avoided. A.Give B.Given C.Giving D.To give 5.The old man walked slowly, by his grandson. A.supporting B.supported C.to support D.having supported 6. from his accent,he must be from the south. A.Judging B.Judged C.To judge D.Having judged 7. that the meeting had been cancelled,she went back home. A.Informed B.Informing C.To inform D.Having informed 8 in the sun for too long,his skin got sunburned. A.Left B.Leaving C.To leave D.Having left 9. for his bravery,he was given a medal. A.Admiring B.Admired C.To admire D.Having admired 10.The scientists sat in the lab, by a powerful microscope. A.equipping B.equipped C.to equip D.having equipped (二)用所给词的适当形式填空(8小题) 根据句子语境，用括号内动词的过去分词（或适当非谓语）形式填空。 (publish)in 1965,the novel is still popular today. 2. (depress)by the bad news,he stayed in his room all day. 3.The kids ran out of the classroom, (follow)by the teacher. 4. (not invite)to the party,she felt a bit disappointed. 5. (give)the wrong address,we couldn't find the restaurant. 6 (compare)with his brother,he is much more hardworking. 7. (absorb)in the book,he didn't notice me coming in. 8. (face)with such a difficult task,he didn't lose heart. (三)篇章语法填空(12小题) 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入括号内所给动词的正确形式（可能为过去分词、现在分词或不定 式，但主要考查过去分词作状语)。 1 (base)on a true story,the film has touched millions of hearts.2. (shoot)entirely in a small town,it shows the beauty of simple life.The director, 3 (know)for his realistic style,paid great attention to details. 4. (ask)about the inspiration,he said,"I was deeply moved by an old couple I met during my travel."5.(encourage)by their optimism,he decided to make this film.6.(give)limited resources,the crew still managed to create amazing scenes. 7. (review)by many critics,the film has received high praise.8._ (view)from the perspective of the elderly,the story becomes even more touching (compare)with similar works,it stands out for its sincerity. The main actor,10.(bear)in a small village,brought authenticity to the role.11. (leave)alone in the final scenes,his performance was heartbreaking.12.(finish)watching the film,many audience members wiped their tears. 三、参考答案 (一)单项 1.B;2.B;3.A;4.B;5.B;6.B;7.A;8.A;9.B;10.B 选择 (二)用所 给词的适当 1.Published 2.Depressed 3.followed 4.Not having been invited Not invited 5..Given 6.Compared 7.Absorbed 8.Faced 形式填空 (三)篇章 1.Based 2.Shot 3.known 4.Asked 5.Encouraged 6.Given; 语法填空 7.Reviewed 8.Viewed 9.Compared 10.born 11.Left 12.Having finished 章 语法精讲精练二 (一)基本定义 倒装句是指为了强调、平衡句子结构或满足语法要求，将谓语（或谓语的一部分）置于主 语之前的句式。倒装分为完全倒装（谓语全部提前）和部分倒装（助动词/情态动词提 前，谓语剩余部分留在主语后)。高考中倒装句是语法填空、短文改错和写作提分的重点 考点，常见于否定词前置、only+状语、so/such.that等结构。 (二)核心用法与分类 倒装句的两种类型在形式和功能上差异明显，详情如下表： 类 结构特点 常见触发词/结构 例句 完 谓语动词全部提到主语前（主语为名词时倒 地点/方向副词： Here comes 全 装；主语为代词时不倒装) here,there,now, the bus.(公交 倒 then,in,out,up, 车来了。)On 装 down,away;表语 the top of the 前置 hill stands a temple.(山顶 上矗立着一座 庙。) Never have I seen such a beautiful sunset.(我从未 见过如此美的日 落。)Only then 否定词/半否定词： did he realize not,never,hardly, his mistake. seldom,little, (直到那时他扌 部 nowhere,no 助动词/情态动词 意识到自己的错 分 sooner...than; (do/does/did/have/has/had/can/must 误。)So fast only+状语； 装 等)提到主语前，谓语剩余部分留在主语后 does he run so/such..that;虚 that no one 拟条件句省略f; can catch up as/though让步状语 (他跑得如此 从句 快，没人能追 上o)Nere I you,I would not do that. (如果我是你， 我不会那样做。)》 (三)部分倒装的九大高频考点（高考必考） 1.否定词/半否定词位于句首 结构：否定词+助动词/情态动词+主语+谓语剩余部分 常见词：never,,seldom,rarely,hardly,scarcely,.barely,little,nowhere,not until,no sooner...than,not only...but also 注意：not only.but also倒装时只倒装not onlyi部分；but also部分不倒装。 例句：Not only does he speak English,but he also speaks French.(他不仅 说英语，还说法语。) 2.ony+状语（副词/介词短语状语从句）位于句首 结构：Oly+状语+助动词/情态动词+主语+谓语剩余部分 注意：only修饰主语时不倒装。 例句：Only by working hard can you succeed.(只有努力工作你扌能成功.) Only when he came back did I leave.(只有当他回来时我扌离开。) 3.so/such.that结构中“so/such+部分"位于句首 结构：S0+形容词/副词+助动词/情态动词+主语+谓语+that从句 或：Such+(a/an)+名词+助动词/情态动词+主语+谓语+that从句 例句：So excited was she that she couldn't say a word.(她如此激动以至于 说不出话来。) Such a good student is he that everyone likes him.(他是这么好的学生，人 人都喜欢他。) 4.虚拟条件句中省略时 结构：将were,had,should提到主语前。 例句：Had I known the truth,I would have told you.(如果我知道真相，我早 就告诉你了。) Should it rain tomorrow,we would cancel the picnic.(如果明天下雨，我们就 取消野餐。) 5.as/though引导的让步状语从句（表语/状语提前） 结构：表语/状语+as/though+主语+系动词/谓语动词 注意：表语是名词时，前置后省略冠词。 例句：Child as he is,he knows a lot.(虽然他是个孩子，但他懂得很多。) Hard as he tried,he failed again.(尽管他努力尝试，还是又失败了。) 6.so/neither/nor表示“也/也不” 结构：S0+助动词/情态动词+主语（肯定） Neither/Nor+助动词/情态动词+主语（否定） 例句：He can swim.So can I.(他会游泳，我也会。) She doesn't like coffee.Neither do I.(她不喜欢咖啡，我也不喜欢。) 7.在“the more.the more.."结构中，有时为平衡会倒装 例句：he more you read,the better you will understand.(你读得越多，理 解得越好。)一一此句一般不倒装，特殊语境下可倒装，高考较少直接考查。 8.表示祝愿的固定倒装句 结构：May+主语+动词原形 例句：May you succeed!(祝你成功！) 9.完全倒装的特殊情形（方位副词/表语前置） 结构：副词/表语+谓语+主语（主语为名词） 例句：Away flew the bird.(鸟儿飞走了。) Present at the meeting were the teachers.(出席会议的是老师们。) (四)易错点对比（高考高频陷阱） 易错类型 错误示例 正确用法 说明 否定词不位于 I have never 否定词在句中 I never have seen such a film 句首时误倒装 seen such a film. 时不用倒装 only修饰主语 Only you can solve the problem 原句正确，不应倒 only修饰主语 时误倒装 →Only can you solve the 装 时不倒装 problem? 主语为代词时 Here comes he.→Here he 正确为Here he 主语是代词时 完全倒装 comes. comes. 主谓不倒装 as倒装中名词 Child as he is,he 名词前置时零 A child as he is,he knows a lot. 前误加冠词 knows a lot. 冠词 虚拟条件句if 不论主语单复 正确为Were(虚 省略后时态错 Were I you,I would go.Was I 数，都用 you... 拟语气需用were) 误 were (五)高考高频考点总结（附例句） 1.否定词句首倒装的时态一致性（语法填空常考） 例句：Never (he,see)such a brilliant performance before.has he seen(完成时倒装，助动词has提前) 2.oly倒装中状语从句的时态（写作中易错） 例句：Only when he arrived (he,realize)it was a mistake.-did he realize(主句倒装，从句不倒装) 3.so.that倒装中主语与主谓一致（短文改错易考） 例句：So difficult (be)the exam that few students passed.-was (主语exam单数，谓语用was) 4.虚拟条件句倒装与真实条件句区分 例句： it rain tomorrow,we would stay at home.→Should(与将 来事实相反，用should+动词原形) 5.as倒装与although句式的转换 例句：Although he is young,he is clever.Young as he is,he is clever..(錶 语前置) 二、专项练习 (一)单项选择(10小题) 从A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 1.Never in my life such a ridiculous suggestion. A.I have heard B.have I heard C.I heard D.did I hear 2.Only after the accident the importance of wearing a seat belt. A.he realized B.did he realize C.he has realized D.realized he 3.So loudly_that everyone in the next room could hear her. A.did she speak B.she spoke C.spoke she D.she did speak 4.Not until the teacher came in talking. A.did the students stop B.the students stopped C.stopped the students D.the students did stop 5. it be fine tomorrow,we would go for a picnic. A.If B.When C.Should D.Would 6.Hard he tried,he couldn't pass the driving test. A.as B.although C.when D.if 7.-I don't like this movie. A.So do l B.Neither do I C.So l do D.Neither I do 8.At the top of the mountain a temple built in the Ming Dynasty. A.stands B.stand C.standing D.stood 9.Out from the classroom when the bell rang. A.rushed the students B.the students rushed C.did the students rush D.rushing the students 10.Such a talented painter that his works are admired worldwide. A.is he B.he is C.was he D.he was (二)用所给词的适当形式填空(8小题) 根据句子语境，用括号内动词的适当形式填空，使句子成为倒装句。 1.Not only (do)he speak English,but he also writes in it. 2.Only by practicing every day_(can,you)improve your spoken English 3.So frightened (be)the girl that she couldn't move. 4. (have,I)known the answer,I would have told you. 5.Seldom (do)she go to the cinema these days. 6.Opposite our school (stand)a new library. (may)you both be happy forever! 8.Present at the ceremony (be)the headmaster and all the teachers. (三)篇章语法填空(12小题) 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入适当的词或所给词的正确形式，使短文语法正确、语意通 顺。 Last week,I attended a conference on environmental protection.To my surprise,not only 1._(do)the speakers present brilliant ideas,but they also proposed practical solutions.Only by working together 2. we solve the global warming crisis.So urgent 3.(be)the situation that immediate action is required. Hard 4. we tried to reduce carbon emissions,we still face many challenges.Never before 5.(have)we seen such a severe heatwave. At the meeting,out 6. (come)a scientist who shared a new technology."Only when every individual takes responsibility 7. we make a difference,"he said. Scarcely 8. (have)we started the discussion when the alarm rang. But the participants didn't panic.Such a well-organized group 9. (be) they that everything went smoothly.Among the audience 10. 。(sit) many young volunteers.Not 11.(do)they come to listen,but they also brought innovative ideas.If only more young people 12. (join)us in the future! 三、参考答案 (一）)单项 选择 1.B;2.B;3.A;4.A;5.C;6.A;7.B;8.A;9.A;10.C (二)用所 给词的适当 1.does 2.can you;3.was 4.Had I known;5.does;6.stands 7. 形式填空 May;8.were (三)篇章 1.did 2.can 3.is 4.as;5.have 6.came 7.can 8.had 9 语法填空 were 10.sat;11.did 12.would join