Unit 2 Art and Artists-2026-2027学年高中英语语法专项精讲精练必修三（沪外版）

Unit 2 Art and Artists 语法专项精讲精练 语法概览 女同步语法一：动词不定式（作宾语、补语、状语和定语等） 女同步语法二：动词短语搭配：Verb+with/Verb+of 语法精讲精练 ()基本定义 动词不定式是非谓语动词的一种，基本形式为to+动词原形（有时可省略to)。它可在句中充 当多种成分，其核心特点为： 具有名词属性（可作主语、宾语） 具有形容词属性（可作定语、补语） 具有副词属性（可作状语） 表示未发生的动作或目的、结果、原因等含义 高考常考：不定式作宾语、宾补、状语、定语，以及与动名词、分词的区别。 (二)核心用法与位置 1.作宾语 类别 用法说明 典型例句 放在及物动词后，表示“想要/打算/决定 直接作宾语 I decided to give up 做.” smoking 真正宾语是不定式，常用 t作形式宾语 I find it necessary to learn find/think/consider it adj.to do a second language. 疑问词+不定式 作宾语，相当于一个宾语从句 I don't know where to go △高频动词：want,hope,wish,decide,plan,refuse,.promise,fail,pretend,afford, arrange,manage,learn,agree,offer,choose等后接不定式。 易混点： forget/remember to do stop to do 否定形式：在to前加not→He promised not to be late. 2.作补语（宾语补足语） 结构 用法说明 例句 动词+宾语+to 常用ask,tell,allow,force, The teacher warned us not to do invite,expect,warn等 cheat in the exam. 使役动词/感官动 make,let,have;see,hear, I saw him enter the room. 词+宾语+do watch,notice,feel等 动) (省略to) 被动语态中还原to 省略to的动词变为被动时，必须加to He was made to work all night. 注意：help后不定式可带to也可省略to:help sb(to)do sth. 3.作状语 类型 说明 例句 to do in order to do 目的状语 so as to do She went abroad to study medicine only to do表示出乎意料 结果状语 He rushed to the station,only to find 的结果 the train had left. 放在形容词后，说明产生情 原因状语 感的原因 I am glad⑦to meet you 程度状语 与enough/too搭配 The water is too hot to drink. 考点提示： 不定式作目的状语可放句首，且与主句主语一致。 too...to... 4.作定语 类型 用法说明 例句 前置定语（极少） 仅见于固定短语 ato-be mother(准妈妈) 放在被修饰名词后，表示“将要/应该/ 后置定语（核心） I have a lot of homework to 能够..” do. 若不定式的动词是及物，注意是否需 与名词有动宾关系 He is looking for a room 要加介词 live in. 与名词有主谓关系 被修饰名词是不定式逻辑主语 He is the first person to arrive 易混对比： 形式 含义 例句 to do 将来的动作 the meeting to be held next week(将要举行的会议) doing 主动、进行 the meeting being held now(正在举行的会议) done 被动、完成 the meeting held yesterday(昨天举行的会议) (三) 核心含义区分：不定式Vs动名词vs分词 不定式(to 现在分词 过去分词 对比维度 do) 动名词(doing) (doing) (done) /常表示具体 √常表示一般习惯 作主语/宾语 某次或将来 或抽象 表将来/目的情 表用途（如 作定语 表主动进行 表被动完成 态 sleeping bag） 表目的、结 表主动伴随、时 表被动伴随、时 作状语 果、原因 间、原因 间、原因 作补语 表动作全过程 表动作正在进行 表动作正在进行 表被动完成状态 或将来 (四)高考高频考点总结（附例句） 1.不定式作宾语与形式宾语t的运用 9例句：I think it important to learn English well.. 2.不定式作宾补，注意省略t。与被动还原to O例句：He was made to apologize by his mother. 3.不定式作结果状语only to do O例句：He woke up,only to find himself in hospital. 4.不定式作定语与被修饰名词的动宾关系 例句：I need a pen to write with.(注意介词with不可省略) 5.疑问词+不定式充当宾语或主语 例句：The problem is how to solve it. 6.forget/remember/stop/ty等动词后不定式与动名词的区别 例句：Remember to lock the door when you leave.(锁内这个动作未发生) 例句：|remember locking the door.(锁内的动作已发生) 7,被动不定式to be done与完成不定式to have done 例句：The book is said to be translated into many languages,(被动) 例句：He is said to have lived here for ten years.(完成) 二、专项练习 (一)单项选择(10小题) 从A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 1.We planned a trip to the museum,but the rain ruined everything A.to take B.taking C.to be taken D.take 2.It is no use such a foolish mistake again. A.to make B.making C.having made D.to have made 3.The teacher asked the students any noise in the reading room. A.don't make B.not make C.not to make D.to not make 4.I heard him the piano when I passed by his room. A.play B.played C.to play D.playing 5.The woman was made for ten hours a day in that factory. A.work B.worked C.to work D.working 6.She ran all the way to the station,only_ the train had left. A.find B.found C.to find D.finding 7.I need a box all these books. A.to put B.to put them in C.to put in D.to put them 8.The problem is enough money within such a short time A.how to raise B.to raise how C.how raising D.to how raise 9.He is said abroad,but I'm not sure. A.to study B.studying C.to have studied D.studied 10. _you need to work hard from now on. A.To succeed B.Succeeding C.Succeeded D.Being succeeded (二)用所给词的适当形式填空(8小题) 在空白处填入括号内所给动词的正确形式（考虑不定式、动名词或分词，但本题重点考查不定 式)。 1.They couldn't afford (buy)a new car at that time 2.It is dangerous for children(play)with fire. 3.I have nothing(worry)about;everything is fine 4.The only thing she wants now is(leave)alone. 5.Would you like something (drink)? 6.He got up early this morning so as (catch)the first bus 7.I regret (inform)you that your application has been rejected. 8.The man rushed into the room,only (find)it empty. (三)篇章语法填空(10小题) 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入括号内所给动词的适当形式（可填不定式、动名词或分词，需根 据语境判断)。 Last week,our class decided 1. (organize)a volunteer activity in the community.The first thing 2. (do)was to contact the community centre. We were told 3.(bring)some tools for cleaning.On the morning of the activity,we saw many elderly people 4.(sit)in the square.Some of them were eager 5.(chat)with us.The children were happy 6. (receive) the books we donated.After two hours'hard work,we felt proud 7.(have) made a difference.But there was still a lot of rubbish 8.(collect).One of the old men said,"You are the best students I have ever seen.His words encouraged us 9.(continue)our service.Finally,we managed 10. (finish)the work before noon.It was a truly meaningful experience. 三、参考答案 (一)单项 1.A;2.B;3.C;4.D;5.C;6.C;7.B;8.A;9.C;10.A 选择 (二)用所 给词的适当 1.to buy 2.to play 3.to worry 4.to be left 5.to drink 6.to catch 7.to inform 8.to find 形式填空 (三)篇章 1.to organize 2.to do 3.to bring 4.sitting 5.to chat 6.to receive; 语法填空 7.to have had 8.to collect 9.to continue 10.to finish 语法精讲精练二 (一)基本定义 动词短语搭配(Verb+Preposition)是英语中动词与介词构成的固定结构，其整体意 义往往不同于动词本身。介词wth和of是高考中最常出现的两个搭配介词，与之结合的 动词数量庞大，含义区分明确。准确辨析这两类搭配，是语法填空、完形填空和写作提分 的关键。 (二)核心用法与对比 以下是核心含义与常见动词短语的对比表： 介词 核心含义 代表性动词短语 例句 伴随、工 agree with,compare with,connect 具、关系、 She agreed with me on with,deal with,provide sb with sth with 一致、处 the plan.The box is combine with,associate with, filled with books. 理、覆盖等 compete with,fill...with 所属、来 think of,consist of,speak of,hear The committee consists 源、提及、 of,approve of,remind sb of sth, of ten members.He of 移除、剥 accuse sb of,rob sb of,cure sb of, was accused of 夺、组成等 inform sb of stealing ★重点区分： 1.含义差异：wth强调“和...一起、用.、对..”，of强调“关于、由..组成、 从..中移除”。 2.被动语态中介词保留：如be provided with,be accused of,be composed of,. 介词不省略。 3.易混淆辨析： compare A with B agree with sb/sth consist of remind sb of sth (三)高考高频考点 ①固定搭配的记忆与辨析（如provide sb with sth/provide sth for sb;charge sb with sth/accuse sb of sth) ②根据语境正确选择介词with或of ③短语动词在定语从句、被动语态中的保留与变形 ④同义词组替换：be made of(看得出原材料)vs be made from(看不出)vsbe made with(强调成分) (四) 常见动词短语列表 Verb with 中文释义 Verb of 中文释义 agree with 同意 think of 想起；认为 compare with 与…比较 consist of 由.组成 connect with 连接 speak of 谈到 deal with 处理 hear of 听说 provide sb with 提供 approve of 赞成 combine with 结合 remind sb of 提醒 associate with 联想；交往 accuse sb of 控告 compete with 竞争 rob sb of 抢劫 communicate with 交流 cure sb of 治愈 help sb with 帮助 inform sb of 通知 fill...with 用.…装满 deprive sb of 剥夺 cover...with 用..…覆盖 be capable of 能够 be satisfied with 对…满意 be aware of 意识到 be familiar with 熟悉 be full of 充满 二、专项练习 (一)单项选择(10小题) 从A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 1.The old couple are very satisfied their daughter's achievements. A.with B.of C.in D.to 2.The scientist is famous his contribution to the field of physics. A.with B.of C.for D.as 3.The committee ten members will make the final decision. A.consists of B.is consisted of C.consists with D.is consisted with 4.She was accused stealing money from the company. A.with B.of C.for D.by 5.The doctor tried his best to cure the patient his strange disease. A.with B.of C.from D.off 6.Please remind me the meeting tomorrow morning. A.of B.with C.to D.about 7.The new law will deal the problem of air pollution. A.with B.of C.in D.on 8.The manager provided every employee a new computer. A.of B.with C.to D.for 9.I don't approve your decision to drop out of school. A.with B.of C.for D.to 10.The book consists three parts:introduction,body and conclusion. A.with B.of C.in D.by (二)用适当的介词填空(with或of)(10小题) 根据句意，在空白处填入合适的介词with或of。 1.The classroom is filled students 2.He was robbed all his money on the way home. 3.We should associate ourselves the people on the project. 4.The report informed us the latest progress. 5.She is capable handling this difficult situation. 6.The government needs to deal the rising unemployment rate 7.The accident reminded him the importance of safety. 8.The team consists five members from different countries 9.The teacher provided us a lot of useful materials. 10.I can't think a better solution to this problem. (三)完成句子(5小题) 根据中文提示，用括号内所给动词短语的适当形式完成句子。每空填写完整短语。 1.这个组织由20个志愿者组成。(consist of) The organization twenty volunteers. 2.他被指控在考试中作弊。(accuse of) He cheating in the exam. 3.请用事实来支持你的论点。(support...with) Please facts. 4.她提醒我明天要开班会。(remind..of) She the class meeting tomorrow. 5.我们赞成这个计划，因为它很可行。(approve of)) We because it is practical. 三、参考答案 (一)单项 1.A;2.C;3.A;4.B;5.B;6.A;7.A;8.B;9.B;10.B 选择 (二)用适 当的介词填 1.with 2.of 3.with 4.of;5.of 6.with 7.of 8.of 9.with 10.of 空 (三)完成 1.consists of 2.was accused of 3.support your argument with 句子 4.reminded me of;5.approve of the plan