期中重点归纳与易错专项训练 2026-2027学年仁爱科普版英语九年级上册

**基本信息** 聚焦九年级上册期中核心短语、句型及语法，通过十大易错考点分层训练（基础/提升/拓展），结合考点精讲与详细解析，系统构建知识网络，提升语言运用与应试思维。 **专项设计** |模块|题量/典例|方法提炼|知识逻辑| |----|-----------|----------|----------| |短语/句型/语法归纳|3单元短语（60个）、句型（15个）、语法（8大项）|归纳短语中英对应、句型结构及语法规则（如现在完成时标志词、被动语态结构）|从基础积累到语法应用，形成“短语-句型-语法”递进链条| |十大易错考点训练|30道分层题（基础/提升/拓展各3题/考点）|考点精讲提炼用法区别（如for/since、used to do结构）与转换规则（终止性→延续性动词）|针对中考高频易错点，以题载法，强化知识迁移与思维品质|

仁爱科普版 · 九年级上册英语 · 期中重点易错专项训练 仁爱科普版 · 九年级上册英语 期中重点归纳与易错专项训练 Unit 1 A Changing World Unit 2 Brilliant Thoughts Unit 3 A Green Earth, a Better Home 适用：期中复习 · 专项突破 · 易错清零 第一部分 本册期中重点短语总结 Unit 1 A Changing World 重点短语 English Phrase 中文释义 used to be slow and difficult 过去又慢又难 take place 发生 make (great) progress 取得(巨大)进步 make achievements 取得成就 lead a ... life 过……的生活 in recent years 近几年来 keep up with 跟上；赶上 play an important role in 在……中起重要作用 get used to (doing) sth. 习惯于(做)某事 far away from 远离 be crowded into 挤在……里面 to and from work 上下班 get in touch (with) (与……)取得联系 connect with 与……联系/连接 chat with 和……聊天 social media 社交媒体 hang out 闲逛；外出游玩 have picnics 野餐 go on road trips 自驾游 enjoy oneself 玩得开心 Unit 2 Brilliant Thoughts 重点短语 English Phrase 中文释义 be made of 由……制成(看得见原材料) be made from 由……制成(看不出原材料) be used for doing sth. 被用来做某事 be used to do sth. 被用来做某事 lead to 导致；通向 bring about 引发，造成 protect ... from ... 保护……免受…… search for information 查阅资料 meet people's needs 满足人们的需求 solve the problem 解决问题 thousands of 成千上万的 raw materials 原材料 daily objects 日常用品 at the top of 在……顶端 match A with B 把A和B配对 broaden one's mind 增长见识 in ancient times 在古代 be known as 作为……而闻名 pass down 传承下来 come up with 想出(主意) Unit 3 A Green Earth, a Better Home 重点短语 English Phrase 中文释义 be harmful to 对……有危害 take action 采取行动 put ... at risk 将……置于危险中 environmental protection 环境保护 make use of 利用 pour into (倾)倒入，流入 encourage sb. to do 鼓励某人做某事 take the chance 抓住机会 protect ... from ... 保护……免受……伤害 in honor of 为了纪念…… clean up 整理，清洁，打扫 throw away 扔掉 take part in 参与，参加 keep doing sth. 坚持做某事 in a word 简言之 as a result 结果是 say no to 拒绝，不同意 turn ... into ... 把……变为…… make a difference 产生巨大影响 save energy 节约能源 第二部分 本册期中重点句型总结 Unit 1 重点句型 What was ... like in the past? — It was slow and difficult. ……过去是什么样子？——又慢又难。 What has happened to ... nowadays? — It has become quick and easy. 如今……发生了什么变化？——变得又快又便捷。 People used to ... in the past, but now they ... 过去人们常常……，但如今他们…… I have noticed that ... 我注意到…… If you have any problem, I'll be happy to help. 如果你有任何困难，我很乐意帮忙。 Unit 2 重点句型 What's it used for? — It's used for lighting. 它用来干什么？——用来照明。 It changes the way people live. 它改变了人们的生活方式。 Without it, people couldn't work easily. 没有它，人们无法轻松工作。 It is said that ... was invented by ... 据说……是由……发明的。 Not only ... but also ... 不仅……而且…… Unit 3 重点句型 I have been in an environmental group for two years. 我在环保小组已经两年了。 We haven't seen any waste in the river for several months. 我们已经好几个月没在河里看到垃圾了。 How long has your city sorted the waste? 你的城市进行垃圾分类有多久了？ Small acts can make a big difference. 小小的举动可以产生很大的影响。 If we act as one, we can save the earth. 如果我们齐心协力，就能拯救地球。 第三部分 本册期中重点语法归纳 语法一 现在完成时（have/has + done） 现在完成时 结构：have/has + 过去分词 标志词：already（肯定句）/ yet（否定/疑问）/ just / recently / in recent years / for + 时间段 / since + 时间点 例句：Great changes have taken place in China since the 1980s. 例句：I haven't seen you for a couple of days. 语法二 for 与 since 的用法区别 for + 时间段 / since + 时间点 for + 时间段：for two years / for a long time / for several months since + 时间点：since 2020 / since last week / since I came here 注意：主句谓语必须用延续性动词 例句：I have been a volunteer for two years. 例句：She has lived here since she was born. 语法三 延续性动词 vs 终止性动词转换 终止性 → 延续性 buy → have / borrow → keep / leave → be away (from) die → be dead / join → be in / be a member of come/go → be in / at / begin/start → be on 例句：I have had this book for two weeks.（不能用borrowed） 例句：He has been a member of the club since 2020. 语法四 被动语态（be + done） 被动语态结构 一般现在时被动：am/is/are + done 一般过去时被动：was/were + done 含情态动词被动：情态动词 + be + done 例句：Paper was invented in China.（一般过去被动） 例句：Waste should be recycled.（情态动词被动） 例句：The room is cleaned every day.（一般现在被动） 语法五 三大 used 结构辨析 used to do / be used to doing / be used to do used to do sth. = 过去常常做某事（现在不做了） be/get used to doing sth. = 习惯于做某事（to 是介词） be used to do sth. = 被用来做某事（被动语态） 例句：He used to smoke, but he gave up last year. 例句：I am used to getting up early now. 例句：Wood is used to make furniture. 语法六 前缀 re- 与后缀 -ment 构词法 前缀 re- = 再次/重新：reuse / recycle / rethink / revisit / rebuild 后缀 -ment（动词→名词）：achieve→achievement / improve→improvement develop→development / enjoy→enjoyment / encourage→encouragement 例句：We should reuse plastic bags many times. 例句：China has made great achievements in science. 语法七 if 条件状语从句（主将从现） 主将从现规则 if 引导的条件状语从句，从句用一般现在时，主句用一般将来时 结构：If + 主语 + 一般现在时, 主语 + will + 动词原形 例句：If you have any problem, I will be happy to help. 例句：If it rains tomorrow, we won't go hiking. 语法八 因果关系表达 because / so / as a result / lead to because + 从句（不能和 so 连用） so + 从句（不能和 because 连用） as a result = 结果（作插入语或连接副词） lead to + 名词/动名词 = 导致…… 例句：Factories pour waste water, as a result, rivers become dirty. 例句：Too much waste will lead to serious pollution. 第四部分 十大重点易错考点专项训练 ◇ 基础题 ▷ 提升题 ★ 拓展题　　每题均为选择题，选项横向排列 考点一：现在完成时标志词辨析（already / yet / just / recently） 【考点精讲】already 用于肯定句（句中）；yet 用于否定句/疑问句（句尾）；just 用于肯定句（句中，表示刚刚）；recently 常用于疑问句/肯定句句首或句尾。 基础题：（选择题） ◇（ ）1. Olivia _____ finished her homework. She can go out to play now. A. already B. yet C. just now D. recent ◇（ ）2. — Have you seen the movie about space travel? — No, I haven't seen it _____. A. already B. yet C. just D. ever ◇（ ）3. Zhang Hao _____ moved to Xiamen with his family. He works there now. A. has just B. just has C. is just D. was just 提升题：（选择题） ▷（ ）1. — Have you _____ heard of the invention of the compass? — Yes, it was invented in ancient China. A. ever B. never C. already D. yet ▷（ ）2. Lily says she hasn't decided _____ which city to visit for the holiday. A. already B. yet C. just D. recently ▷（ ）3. — Has Bella _____ been to the new museum in Jinan? — Yes, she went there last month. A. ever B. never C. just D. yet 拓展题：（选择题） ★（ ）1. The environmental group _____ started a new project to protect whales. A. has recently B. recently has C. is recently D. was recently ★（ ）2. — Have they cleaned up the park _____? — Yes, they finished an hour ago. A. yet B. already C. just D. ever ★（ ）3. Chen Wei tells me he _____ visited Kunming, but he plans to go next year. A. has never B. never has C. has ever D. is never 考点二：for 与 since 的用法区分（时间段 vs 时间点） 【考点精讲】for + 时间段（for two years / for a long time）；since + 时间点或从句（since 2020 / since I was young）。主句谓语须用延续性动词。 基础题：（选择题） ◇（ ）1. Jam has been a volunteer in Wuhan _____ three years. A. for B. since C. from D. in ◇（ ）2. They have lived in Qingdao _____ 2019. A. since B. for C. from D. at ◇（ ）3. Olivia has known Lily _____ she was a child. A. since B. for C. when D. as 提升题：（选择题） ▷（ ）1. Bella has kept the old photos _____ more than ten years. A. for B. since C. from D. in ▷（ ）2. Zhang Hao has been interested in science _____ he was in primary school. A. since B. for C. when D. because ▷（ ）3. — How long have you had this bicycle? — I've had it _____ 2022. A. since B. for C. from D. in 拓展题：（选择题） ★（ ）1. The factory has produced eco-friendly bags _____ a long time. A. for B. since C. from D. during ★（ ）2. Lily has worked as a journalist _____ she graduated from university. A. since B. for C. when D. because ★（ ）3. Chen Wei has collected stamps _____ he was eight years old. A. since B. for C. when D. from 考点三：延续性动词与终止性动词转换（buy→have / borrow→keep 等） 【考点精讲】与 for/since 连用时，终止性动词（buy/borrow/leave/die/join/begin）必须转换为延续性动词（have/keep/be away/be dead/be in/be on）。 基础题：（选择题） ◇（ ）1. I _____ this dictionary for over two years. A. have had B. have bought C. bought D. had bought ◇（ ）2. She _____ the book from the library for a month. A. has kept B. has borrowed C. borrowed D. had borrowed ◇（ ）3. The old man _____ for five years. We still miss him. A. has been dead B. has died C. died D. was dying 提升题：（选择题） ▷（ ）1. Zhou Kai _____ a member of the school band since last September. A. has been B. has joined C. joined D. was joining ▷（ ）2. They _____ away from their hometown for nearly ten years. A. have been B. have left C. left D. were leaving ▷（ ）3. The movie _____ on for about twenty minutes when we arrived. A. had been B. had begun C. began D. was beginning 拓展题：（选择题） ★（ ）1. Olivia _____ in Xiamen since she graduated from college. A. has been B. has come C. came D. has gone ★（ ）2. Jam _____ the light on for hours. Please turn it off. A. has kept B. has turned C. turned D. has opened ★（ ）3. The factory _____ closed for three months because of pollution. A. has been B. has closed C. closed D. was closing 考点四：被动语态（am/is/are/was/were + done） 【考点精讲】主动变被动：宾语变主语 + be + 过去分词 + by + 原主语。注意 be 动词时态要与原句一致。一般现在时用 am/is/are，一般过去时用 was/were。 基础题：（选择题） ◇（ ）1. Paper _____ first invented in China about 2,000 years ago. A. was B. is C. has been D. were ◇（ ）2. The classroom _____ every day by the students. A. is cleaned B. was cleaned C. cleans D. cleaned ◇（ ）3. The Great Wall _____ in many history books. A. is mentioned B. mentions C. mentioned D. was mentioned 提升题：（选择题） ▷（ ）1. Printing _____ by Bi Sheng during the Song Dynasty. A. was invented B. is invented C. invented D. has invented ▷（ ）2. The new library _____ next year in Kunming. A. will be built B. is built C. was built D. has been built ▷（ ）3. Gunpowder _____ used in wars in ancient China. A. was B. is C. has been D. were 拓展题：（选择题） ★（ ）1. The environmental report _____ by the journalist yesterday. A. was written B. is written C. wrote D. has written ★（ ）2. These wooden desks _____ by the workers last week. A. were made B. are made C. made D. have made ★（ ）3. The three Rs _____ in many schools to protect the earth. A. are taught B. is taught C. teaches D. taught 考点五：含情态动词的被动语态（情态动词 + be + done） 【考点精讲】结构：情态动词(can/must/should/could) + be + 过去分词。否定在情态动词后加 not。疑问句将情态动词提前。 基础题：（选择题） ◇（ ）1. Waste paper and glass bottles _____ recycled to protect the environment. A. should be B. should have C. must have D. can have ◇（ ）2. The room is dirty. It _____ cleaned at once. A. must be B. must have C. can have D. should have ◇（ ）3. More trees _____ planted to fight against desert growth. A. can be B. can have C. should have D. must have 提升题：（选择题） ▷（ ）1. The old temple _____ by the local government to attract tourists. A. is being repaired B. was repaired C. has repaired D. is repairing ▷（ ）2. The instructions say the medicine _____ in a cool place. A. should be kept B. should keep C. must keep D. can keep ▷（ ）3. The new bridge _____ by the end of this year. A. will be completed B. is completed C. was completed D. has completed 拓展题：（选择题） ★（ ）1. The polluted river _____ as soon as possible. A. must be cleaned B. must clean C. should clean D. can clean ★（ ）2. The survey on low-carbon living _____ to the whole school next week. A. will be sent B. is sent C. was sent D. has sent ★（ ）3. The old custom _____ from generation to generation in the village. A. has been passed B. was passed C. is passing D. has passed 考点六：三大 used 结构辨析（used to do / be used to doing / be used to do） 【考点精讲】① used to do = 过去常常做（现在不做了，只用于过去）；② be/get used to doing = 习惯于做（to 是介词，后接 doing）；③ be used to do = 被用来做（被动语态）。 基础题：（选择题） ◇（ ）1. He _____ smoke a lot, but he gave up last year. A. used to B. is used to C. was used to D. gets used to ◇（ ）2. Olivia _____ getting up early since she started the new job. A. is used to B. used to C. was used to D. uses to ◇（ ）3. Wood _____ to make furniture in the past. A. was used B. used to C. is used D. was using 提升题：（选择题） ▷（ ）1. Zhou Kai _____ live in the countryside, but now he lives in Jinan. A. used to B. is used to C. gets used to D. was used to ▷（ ）2. After living in Xiamen for years, they _____ the humid weather. A. have got used to B. have used to C. used to D. are using to ▷（ ）3. Bamboo _____ to build houses in some parts of China. A. is used B. used to C. gets used to D. was used 拓展题：（选择题） ★（ ）1. Lily said she _____ eating spicy food when she was in Wuhan. A. was used to B. used to C. is used to D. gets used to ★（ ）2. The knife _____ cut things in the kitchen every day. A. is used to B. used to C. was used to D. gets used to ★（ ）3. Chen Wei _____ play football after school, but he is too busy now. A. used to B. is used to C. gets used to D. was used to 考点七：前缀 re- 与后缀 -ment 构词法 【考点精讲】前缀 re- = 再次/重新：reuse, recycle, rethink, revisit, rebuild。后缀 -ment 将动词变为名词：achieve→achievement, improve→improvement, develop→development, enjoy→enjoyment。 基础题：（选择题） ◇（ ）1. We should _____ plastic bags instead of throwing them away. A. reuse B. use C. using D. used ◇（ ）2. China has made great _____ in space technology. A. achievement B. achieve C. achieving D. achieved ◇（ ）3. Don't waste paper. We should _____ it to save trees. A. recycle B. cycle C. cycling D. recycled 提升题：（选择题） ▷（ ）1. After the earthquake, the village needed to be _____ completely. A. rebuilt B. build C. built D. building ▷（ ）2. The _____ of the new railway has helped the local economy a lot. A. development B. develop C. developing D. developed ▷（ ）3. Olivia wants to _____ her plan before making a final decision. A. rethink B. think C. thinking D. thought 拓展题：（选择题） ★（ ）1. The teacher asked us to write an essay about personal _____. A. improvement B. improve C. improving D. improved ★（ ）2. They decided to _____ the museum during their trip to Qingdao. A. revisit B. visit C. visiting D. visited ★（ ）3. Reading books brings me a lot of _____ and knowledge. A. enjoyment B. enjoy C. enjoying D. enjoyed 考点八：if 条件状语从句（主将从现） 【考点精讲】if 引导的条件状语从句，遵循「主将从现」规则：从句用一般现在时，主句用一般将来时（will + 动词原形）。如果主句是祈使句或含情态动词，从句同样用一般现在时。 基础题：（选择题） ◇（ ）1. If it _____ tomorrow, we will stay at home. A. rains B. will rain C. rained D. is raining ◇（ ）2. If you _____ hard, you will pass the exam. A. study B. will study C. studied D. are studying ◇（ ）3. If Chen Wei _____ free time, he will help us clean the park. A. has B. will have C. had D. is having 提升题：（选择题） ▷（ ）1. If the factory _____ pouring waste water, the river will become clean again. A. stops B. will stop C. stopped D. is stopping ▷（ ）2. If more people _____ public transport, there will be less pollution. A. use B. will use C. used D. are using ▷（ ）3. If Olivia _____ the bus to school, she can save a lot of money. A. takes B. will take C. took D. is taking 拓展题：（选择题） ★（ ）1. If everyone _____ a small part, we can make a big difference. A. plays B. will play C. played D. is playing ★（ ）2. If the government _____ new laws, factories will stop polluting. A. makes B. will make C. made D. is making ★（ ）3. If Jam _____ his homework tonight, his mother will be angry. A. doesn't do B. won't do C. didn't do D. isn't doing 考点九：be worth doing / encourage sb. to do / deal with 辨析 【考点精讲】① be worth doing = 值得做（主动表被动，不用 to do）；② encourage sb. to do = 鼓励某人做；③ deal with = 处理/应对（常与 how 连用）。 基础题：（选择题） ◇（ ）1. The book is worth _____. You should read it. A. reading B. to read C. read D. being read ◇（ ）2. The teacher always encourages us _____ our best in class. A. to do B. do C. doing D. done ◇（ ）3. The government is trying to _____ with the pollution problem. A. deal B. do C. solve D. work 提升题：（选择题） ▷（ ）1. Zhang Hao's parents encouraged him _____ a volunteer in the summer holiday. A. to be B. be C. being D. been ▷（ ）2. The old temple is well worth _____ if you visit Kunming. A. visiting B. to visit C. visit D. being visited ▷（ ）3. How did the villagers _____ with the flood last year? A. deal B. do C. make D. take 拓展题：（选择题） ★（ ）1. The documentary about whales is worth _____ twice. A. watching B. to watch C. watch D. being watched ★（ ）2. Bella's coach encouraged her _____ harder for the coming match. A. to train B. train C. training D. trained ★（ ）3. We need to find a better way to _____ with the waste problem. A. deal B. do C. solve D. work 考点十：因果关系表达（because / so / as a result / lead to） 【考点精讲】① because 和 so 不能同时出现在一个句子中；② as a result = 结果（副词短语，后接逗号）；③ lead to + n./doing = 导致。because 后接从句，since/as 语气较弱。 基础题：（选择题） ◇（ ）1. Factories pour waste water into rivers, _____ the water becomes dirty. A. so B. because C. as D. since ◇（ ）2. The air in Xiamen is fresh _____ there are many trees. A. because B. so C. as a result D. therefore ◇（ ）3. Too much noise will _____ serious health problems. A. lead to B. lead for C. lead with D. lead at 提升题：（选择题） ▷（ ）1. Zhou Kai was late for school _____ the heavy traffic this morning. A. because of B. because C. so D. as a result ▷（ ）2. Lily studied hard, _____ she got the highest score in the exam. A. so B. because C. as D. since ▷（ ）3. Cutting down too many trees will _____ the loss of wildlife. A. lead to B. because of C. so that D. as a result 拓展题：（选择题） ★（ ）1. The villagers planted thousands of trees, and _____ the sandstorms became less serious. A. as a result B. because C. so that D. lead to ★（ ）2. Olivia couldn't go to the party _____ she had to prepare for the test. A. because B. so C. as a result D. therefore ★（ ）3. Pollution from cars and factories _____ poor air quality in big cities. A. leads to B. because of C. so that D. as a result 第五部分 参考答案及详细解析 考点一 现在完成时标志词辨析 基础题 1 → A. already 【解析】already 用于肯定句，表示"已经"。yet 用于否定/疑问句，just now 是过去时间状语，recent 是形容词不能单独作状语。 基础题 2 → B. yet 【解析】否定句句尾用 yet，表示"还/尚未"。already 不用于否定句。 基础题 3 → A. has just 【解析】just 表示"刚刚"，用于现在完成时句中。副词 just 放在 has 之后、过去分词之前。 提升题 1 → A. ever 【解析】ever 用于疑问句，表示"曾经"。never 表示"从未"，与答句矛盾。already/yet 不符合语境。 提升题 2 → B. yet 【解析】否定句用 yet 表示"尚未"。already 不用于否定句，just/recently 不符合语境。 提升题 3 → A. ever 【解析】疑问句询问"曾经是否去过"，用 ever。never 与答句"Yes"矛盾。 拓展题 1 → A. has recently 【解析】recently 用于现在完成时，放在 has 之后。副词位置：has recently started。 拓展题 2 → A. yet 【解析】疑问句句尾用 yet。already 不用于疑问句句尾，just/ever 不符合语境。 拓展题 3 → A. has never 【解析】never 表示"从未"，与后文"but he plans to go"逻辑一致。副词 never 放在 has 之后。 考点二 for 与 since 的用法区分 基础题 1 → A. for 【解析】three years 是时间段，用 for。since 后接时间点。 基础题 2 → A. since 【解析】2019 是时间点，用 since。for 后接时间段。 基础题 3 → A. since 【解析】since 引导时间状语从句（since she was a child），表示从过去某时开始。 提升题 1 → A. for 【解析】more than ten years 是时间段，用 for。 提升题 2 → A. since 【解析】since 引导时间状语从句（since he was in primary school）。 提升题 3 → A. since 【解析】2022 是时间点，用 since。答句"since"提示了答案。 拓展题 1 → A. for 【解析】a long time 是时间段，用 for。 拓展题 2 → A. since 【解析】since 引导时间状语从句（since she graduated）。 拓展题 3 → A. since 【解析】since 引导时间状语从句（since he was eight）。 考点三 延续性动词与终止性动词转换 基础题 1 → A. have had 【解析】for over two years 是时间段，buy 是终止性动词，须转换为 have。have had 表示"拥有"的延续状态。 基础题 2 → A. has kept 【解析】for a month 是时间段，borrow 是终止性动词，须转换为 keep。has kept 表示"借/保留"的延续状态。 基础题 3 → A. has been dead 【解析】for five years 是时间段，die 是终止性动词，须转换为 be dead。has been dead 表示"去世"的延续状态。 提升题 1 → A. has been 【解析】since last September 是时间点，join 是终止性动词，须转换为 be a member of。has been 表示"是成员"的延续状态。 提升题 2 → A. have been 【解析】for nearly ten years 是时间段，leave 是终止性动词，须转换为 be away from。have been away 表示"离开"的延续状态。 提升题 3 → A. had been 【解析】when we arrived 是过去时间点，begin 是终止性动词，须转换为 be on。过去完成时 had been on 表示"开始"的延续状态。 拓展题 1 → A. has been 【解析】since she graduated 是时间点，come 是终止性动词，须转换为 be in/at。has been in Xiamen 表示"在"的延续状态。 拓展题 2 → A. has kept 【解析】for hours 是时间段，turn on 是终止性动作，须用 keep on 表示延续。has kept the light on 表示"灯一直开着"。 拓展题 3 → A. has been 【解析】for three months 是时间段，close 作"关闭"讲是终止性动词，须用 be closed 表示状态。has been closed 表示"关闭"的延续状态。 考点四 被动语态（一般现在时 & 一般过去时） 基础题 1 → A. was 【解析】2,000 years ago 是过去时间，用一般过去时被动 was invented。 基础题 2 → A. is cleaned 【解析】every day 是一般现在时标志，用 is cleaned。 基础题 3 → A. is mentioned 【解析】长城在 many history books 中被提及，一般现在时被动 is mentioned。 提升题 1 → A. was invented 【解析】during the Song Dynasty 是过去时间，用一般过去时被动 was invented。 提升题 2 → A. will be built 【解析】next year 是将来时间，用一般将来时被动 will be built。 提升题 3 → A. was 【解析】in ancient China 是过去时间，gunpowder 不可数，用 was used。 拓展题 1 → A. was written 【解析】yesterday 是过去时间，用一般过去时被动 was written。 拓展题 2 → A. were made 【解析】last week 是过去时间，desks 复数，用 were made。 拓展题 3 → A. are taught 【解析】the three Rs 作复数理解，一般现在时被动 are taught。 考点五 含情态动词的被动语态 基础题 1 → A. should be 【解析】情态动词 + be + done 结构。should be recycled 表示"应该被回收"。 基础题 2 → A. must be 【解析】must be cleaned 表示"必须被打扫"。must 后接 be + done。 基础题 3 → A. can be 【解析】can be planted 表示"能够被种植"。情态动词被动结构。 提升题 1 → A. is being repaired 【解析】正在被修复，用现在进行时被动 is being repaired。 提升题 2 → A. should be kept 【解析】should be kept 表示"应该被保存在"。情态动词被动结构。 提升题 3 → A. will be completed 【解析】by the end of this year 将来时间，用一般将来时被动 will be completed。 拓展题 1 → A. must be cleaned 【解析】must be cleaned 表示"必须被清理"。as soon as possible 提示紧迫性。 拓展题 2 → A. will be sent 【解析】next week 将来时间，用一般将来时被动 will be sent。 拓展题 3 → A. has been passed 【解析】from generation to generation 表示从过去持续到现在，用现在完成时被动 has been passed。 考点六 三大 used 结构辨析 基础题 1 → A. used to 【解析】used to smoke 表示"过去常常吸烟"（现在不吸了）。后文 gave up 印证。 基础题 2 → A. is used to 【解析】is used to getting up early 表示"习惯于早起"。to 是介词，后接 doing。 基础题 3 → A. was used 【解析】was used to make furniture 表示"被用来制作家具"。被动语态。 提升题 1 → A. used to 【解析】used to live 表示"过去常常住在"。but now 提示过去与现在对比。 提升题 2 → A. have got used to 【解析】have got used to the humid weather 表示"已经习惯了潮湿天气"。after living...for years 提示渐进过程。 提升题 3 → A. is used 【解析】is used to build houses 表示"被用来建房子"。被动语态，一般现在时。 拓展题 1 → A. was used to 【解析】was used to eating spicy food 表示"习惯于吃辣"。when she was in Wuhan 提示过去状态。 拓展题 2 → A. is used to 【解析】is used to cut things 表示"被用来切东西"。被动语态，every day 提示一般现在时。 拓展题 3 → A. used to 【解析】used to play football 表示"过去常常踢足球"。but now he is too busy 提示过去与现在对比。 考点七 前缀 re- 与后缀 -ment 构词法 基础题 1 → A. reuse 【解析】reuse = 再次使用。re- 前缀表示"重新/再次"。instead of throwing away 提示应"再次使用"。 基础题 2 → A. achievement 【解析】make great achievement 表示"取得巨大成就"。-ment 后缀将 achieve 变为名词。 基础题 3 → A. recycle 【解析】recycle = 回收利用。re- 前缀 + cycle = 再循环。should 后接动词原形。 提升题 1 → A. rebuilt 【解析】rebuilt = 重建。re- 前缀 + build = 再次建造。被动语态需用过去分词 rebuilt。 提升题 2 → A. development 【解析】development 是 develop 的名词形式（-ment 后缀）。the ... of 结构需要名词。 提升题 3 → A. rethink 【解析】rethink = 重新思考。re- 前缀 + think。want to 后接动词原形。 拓展题 1 → A. improvement 【解析】personal improvement 表示"个人进步/提升"。-ment 将 improve 变为名词。 拓展题 2 → A. revisit 【解析】revisit = 再次参观。re- 前缀 + visit。decide to 后接动词原形。 拓展题 3 → A. enjoyment 【解析】enjoyment 是 enjoy 的名词形式（-ment 后缀）。a lot of 后接名词。 考点八 if 条件状语从句（主将从现） 基础题 1 → A. rains 【解析】if 条件状语从句用一般现在时（rains），主句用一般将来时（will stay）。主将从现规则。 基础题 2 → A. study 【解析】if 从句用一般现在时（study），主句用 will pass。主语 you 后接动词原形。 基础题 3 → A. has 【解析】if 从句用一般现在时，Chen Wei 是第三人称单数，用 has。主句用 will help。 提升题 1 → A. stops 【解析】if 从句用一般现在时（stops），主句用 will become。the factory 是单数，用 stops。 提升题 2 → A. use 【解析】if 从句用一般现在时（use），主句用 there will be。more people 是复数，用 use。 提升题 3 → A. takes 【解析】if 从句用一般现在时，Olivia 是第三人称单数，用 takes。主句用 can save。 拓展题 1 → A. plays 【解析】if 从句用一般现在时，everyone 看作单数，用 plays。主句用 can make。 拓展题 2 → A. makes 【解析】if 从句用一般现在时，the government 是单数，用 makes。主句用 will stop。 拓展题 3 → A. doesn't do 【解析】if 从句用一般现在时的否定形式。doesn't do 表示"不做"。主句用 will be angry。 考点九 be worth / encourage / deal with 辨析 基础题 1 → A. reading 【解析】be worth doing 表示"值得做"，主动形式表被动含义。不用 to read 或 being read。 基础题 2 → A. to do 【解析】encourage sb. to do sth. 表示"鼓励某人做某事"。固定搭配，to 不可省略。 基础题 3 → A. deal 【解析】deal with 表示"处理/应对"。常与 how 连用。try to deal with 表示"努力处理"。 提升题 1 → A. to be 【解析】encourage sb. to do sth. 中 to be a volunteer 表示"成为一名志愿者"。 提升题 2 → A. visiting 【解析】be worth doing 主动表被动。The old temple is worth visiting 表示"这座古庙值得参观"。 提升题 3 → A. deal 【解析】How did ... deal with ...? 表示"如何应对/处理"。deal with 是固定搭配。 拓展题 1 → A. watching 【解析】be worth doing 主动表被动。is worth watching twice 表示"值得看两遍"。 拓展题 2 → A. to train 【解析】encourage sb. to do sth. 中 to train harder 表示"更努力训练"。 拓展题 3 → A. deal 【解析】deal with 表示"处理"。a better way to deal with 表示"处理……的更好方法"。 考点十 因果关系表达 基础题 1 → A. so 【解析】前因后果用 so 连接。because 不能与 so 连用。as a result 后需加逗号且不直接连接两个完整句子。 基础题 2 → A. because 【解析】because 引导原因状语从句，解释空气新鲜的原因。so 不能与 because 连用。 基础题 3 → A. lead to 【解析】lead to + 名词，表示"导致"。to 是介词，后接名词/动名词。其他选项搭配错误。 提升题 1 → A. because of 【解析】because of + 名词短语（the heavy traffic），不接从句。because 后需接完整句子。 提升题 2 → A. so 【解析】前因后果用 so 连接。studied hard 是原因，got the highest score 是结果。 提升题 3 → A. lead to 【解析】lead to + 名词短语（the loss of wildlife），表示"导致野生动物的减少"。 拓展题 1 → A. as a result 【解析】as a result 作插入语，表示"结果"，后接逗号。与前文形成因果关系。 拓展题 2 → A. because 【解析】because 引导原因状语从句，解释不能去派对的原因。so 不能与 because 连用。 拓展题 3 → A. leads to 【解析】主语 pollution 是单数，用 leads to。表示"污染导致城市空气质量差"。 — 第 页 — 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $