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教学课件
鲁教英语(五四学制)七年级上册
Unit6 语法专项 ——Can/Could请求与许可
全解精讲+分层练习
1
1. 掌握 can、could 表示请求、许可的核心用法
2. 分清 can 与 could 的语气区别、时态区别
3. 熟练掌握肯定、否定、问答固定句型
4. 攻克委婉请求高频考点与易错句型
学习目标
单元语法导入
本单元核心语法:情态动词 can / could
两大核心场景:征求许可、礼貌请求帮助
can 语气普通,could 语气更加委婉客气
是口语交际、句型改写的必考高频点
所有情态动词后,一律加动词原形
can 基础含义与用法
1. 表示能力:能够、可以
例句:I can swim very well.
2. 表示许可:可以做某事(日常、非正式)
例句:You can sit here.
can 句式结构
肯定句:主语 + can + 动词原形 + 其他
否定句:主语 + can’t + 动词原形 + 其他
一般疑问:Can + 主语 + 动词原形 + 其他?
回答统一:Yes, you can. / No, you can’t.
could 核心用法(重点)
1. 作为 can 的过去式:过去能够、过去可以
例句:I could ride a bike when I was six.
2. 表委婉请求(现在时):语气更礼貌客气
常用于向老师、陌生人、长辈提问求助
can VS could 语气对比
单词 语气 适用场景
can 普通、随意 同学、家人、日常对话
could 委婉、礼貌 老师、长辈、陌生人
重点易错:could问句的回答
Could I...? 委婉请求问句
❗ 回答不用 could,统一用 can
正确:Yes, you can. / No, you can’t.
错误:Yes, you could.
could 过去式用法精讲
描述过去拥有的能力、过去的许可
时间标志:in the past, when I was young
例句:She could speak English at five.
否定:couldn’t + 动词原形
情态动词通用规则
can / could 后永远加动词原形
无三单、无ing、无过去式变形
错误:He can plays football.
正确:He can play football.
can 表示许可(日常场景)
You can ask me for help.
You can’t run in the classroom.
Can I use your pen?
多用于校园、家庭、生活场景
could 礼貌请求高频句型1
Could you help me? 你可以帮我吗?
Could you open the window? 能帮我开窗吗?
礼貌求助,考试情景对话必考句式
could 礼貌请求高频句型2
Could I come in? 我可以进来吗?
Could I borrow your book? 我可以借书吗?
问句用could,答句一律换成can
can/could 否定用法汇总
can’t = cannot 不可以、不能
couldn’t 过去不能、过去不允许
You can’t talk in class.
I couldn’t swim before.
一般疑问句句式转换
陈述句变疑问:can/could 直接提前
例:He can sing. → Can he sing?
例:I could swim. → Could you swim?
特殊疑问句用法
疑问词 + can/could + 主语 + 动词原形?
What can you do? 你会做什么?
Where can I put it? 我可以放哪里?
考点辨析:表能力 VS 表请求
表能力:can/could 会不会、能不能
表请求:Can/Could you...? 麻烦对方
表许可:Can I...? 请求自己可以做某事
高频易错点1
Could 问句回答只用 can,不用 could
Could I sit here?
Yes, you can. (√) Yes, you could. (×)
高频易错点2
情态动词后面绝对不能加三单、ing
Can he goes with us? (×)
Can he go with us? (√)
高频易错点3
过去能力只用 could,不用 can
I can draw when I was four. (×)
I could draw when I was four. (√)
填空(用can/could)
1. ____________ you help me? (礼貌请求)
2. I ____________ speak English now.
3. She ____________ swim when she was 7.
4. ____________ I use your ruler? (普通询问)
Could
can
could
Can
动词适当形式填空
1. Can you ____________ (dance) for us?
2. Could I ____________ (sit) here?
3. He couldn’t ____________ (find) his bag.
4. We can ____________ (play) basketball after class.
dance
sit
find
play
单项选择
1. —______ I borrow your pen? —Sure. A. Could B. Did C. Am
2. He ______ ride bikes, but I can’t. A. can B. could C. do
3. —Could you help me? —______.
A. Yes, I could B. Yes, I can C. No, I can
4. I ______ run fast when I was young.
A. can B. could C. will
A
A
B
B
句型转换
1. I can finish my homework.(改为一般疑问句)
2. She can sing songs.(改为否定句)
3. Could I open the door?(肯定回答)
4. He could swim before.(改为一般疑问句)
5. We can play games here.(否定句)
Can you finish your homework?
She can’t sing songs.
Yes, you can.
Could he swim before?
We can’t play games here.
句子改错
1. Could you helps me?
2. Yes, you could.
3. He can plays basketball.
4. I can swim when I was five.
helps→help
could→can
plays→play
can→could
句子翻译
1. 我可以帮助你。
2. 请问我可以进来吗?
3. 我小时候会骑自行车。
4. 你不可以在这里吵闹。
I can help you.
Could I come in?
I could ride a bike when I was young.
You can’t make noise here.
本节课核心口诀
情态can/could本领大,后面动词用原形
can表能力和许可,日常口语最常用
could委婉有礼貌,也表过去的能力
问句若用could起,回答只能用can替
课堂知识点总结
1. can:现在能力、普通许可、日常请求
2. could:委婉请求、过去能力
3. 情态动词后永久使用动词原形
4. Could问句答句固定用can
5. 过去场景必须用could
易错题整体复盘
1. 混淆can/could的时态与语气
2. 情态动词后误用三单、过去式
3. could问句回答误用could
4. 过去能力错用can
教学课件
Unit6 语法专项 ——Can/Could请求与许可
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