Unit 3 Same or Different单元重点词汇变形分层必考100题（含解析）- 2026-2027学年人教版八年级上册英语

**基本信息** 人教版八年级上册Unit 3词汇变形专项，以三层梯度（基础识记→能力提升→综合拓展）系统覆盖音形义及语境运用，通过分层突破提升语言能力与学习策略。 **专项设计** |模块|题量/典例|方法提炼|知识逻辑| |----|-----------|----------|----------| |基础识记|45分（音标写词20题+中文提示写词25题）|先音形匹配解决拼读难题，再结合释义巩固词义记忆|从音形关联到词义理解，夯实四会单词拼写根基| |能力提升|30分（词形转换30题）|词汇语法结合，针对性突破名词单复数、词性转换等高频易错点|从基础词形到语法变形，构建词汇形态变化逻辑链| |综合拓展|25分（语境首字母填空25题）|依托完整句子场景，训练单词辨析与固定搭配的灵活运用|从孤立记忆到语境应用，提升语言综合理解与表达能力|

答案解析 第一部分：基础识记层级（45 分） Ⅰ. 根据句意及音标提示写出单词（共20小题，每小题1分） 1. 答案：pleasure。解析：/ˈpleʒə(r)/ 对应名词pleasure，意为“愉快、荣幸”；with pleasure 固定搭配，乐意地。 2. 答案：humour。解析：/ˈhjuːmə(r)/ 对应名词humour（美式humor），意为“幽默”；British humour 英式幽默。 3. 答案：mirror。解析：/ˈmɪrə(r)/ 对应名词mirror，意为“镜子”，后文解释照镜子能看见自己。 4. 答案：population。解析：/ˌpɒpjuˈleɪʃn/ 对应名词population，意为“人口”；the world’s population 世界人口。 5. 答案：loud。解析：/laʊd/ 可作副词，意为“大声地”；speak so loud 说话太大声，符合图书馆禁止喧哗语境。 6. 答案：shy。解析：/ʃaɪ/ 形容词shy，意为“害羞的”，后文不喜欢与人交谈对应词义。 7. 答案：character。解析：/ˈkærəktə(r)/ 名词character，此处意为“性格、品性”；strong character 坚强的性格。 8. 答案：touch。解析：/tʌtʃ/ 动词touch，意为“触碰、触摸”；can’t后接动词原形，不能摸婴儿的脸。 9. 答案：pleasant。解析：/ˈpleznt/ 形容词pleasant，意为“宜人的、舒适的”；pleasant weather 宜人的天气，修饰昆明气候。 10. 答案：average。解析：/ˈævərɪdʒ/ 形容词average，意为“平均的”；average monthly temperature 月平均气温。 11. 答案：serious。解析：/ˈsɪəriəs/ 形容词serious，意为“严重的”；serious injuries 重伤，交通事故语境。 12. 答案：situation。解析：/ˌsɪtʃuˈeɪʃn/ 名词situation，意为“处境、状况”；difficult situation 困境。 13. 答案：prize。解析：/praɪz/ 名词prize，意为“奖项、奖品”；win the prize 获奖。 14. 答案：lazy。解析：/ˈleɪzi/ 形容词lazy，意为“懒惰的”，从不做家务对应词义。 15. 答案：opinion。解析：/əˈpɪnjən/ 名词opinion；in my opinion 固定短语，在我看来。 16. 答案：honest。解析：/ˈɒnɪst/ 形容词honest；to be honest 固定搭配，说实话。 17. 答案：exchange。解析：/ɪksˈtʃeɪndʒ/ 名词exchange；in exchange for 固定短语，作为交换。 18. 答案：difference。解析：/ˈdɪfrəns/ 名词difference，意为“差异、不同之处”；any后接可数名词单数。 19. 答案：strength。解析：/streŋθ/ 名词strength，意为“力量、优势”；Unity is strength 团结就是力量。 20. 答案：solve。解析：/sɒlv/ 动词solve，意为“解决”；To后接动词原形表目的，solve the problem 解决问题。 Ⅱ. 根据句意及汉语提示写出单词（共25小题，每小题1分） 1. 答案：personality。解析：汉语提示“性格”，名词personality；outgoing修饰名词，外向的性格。 2. 答案：sense。解析：汉语提示“感觉”，名词sense；a good sense of smell 固定搭配，嗅觉灵敏。 3. 答案：metres。解析：汉语提示“米”，metre；1000后名词用复数metres。 4. 答案：similarities。解析：汉语提示“相似之处”，名词similarity；any后可接复数，many提示用复数similarities。 5. 答案：interest。解析：汉语提示“兴趣”，不可数名词interest；show interest in 对……产生兴趣。 6. 答案：fact。解析：汉语提示“事实”，名词fact；tell the fact 说出真相。 7. 答案：hard-working。解析：汉语提示“勤奋的”，复合形容词hard-working，修饰student。 8. 答案：care about。解析：汉语提示“关心”，固定短语care about；主语they，一般现在时用原形。 9. 答案：by accident。解析：汉语提示“偶然”，固定短语by accident，作句子状语。 10. 答案：friendship。解析：汉语提示“友谊”，不可数名词friendship；our friendship 我们的友谊。 11. 答案：Thanks to。解析：汉语提示“归功于”，固定短语thanks to，句首首字母大写。 12. 答案：novels。解析：汉语提示“小说”，novel；后文they提示用复数novels。 13. 答案：spare time。解析：汉语提示“空闲时间”，固定短语spare time；in one’s spare time 在某人空闲时。 14. 答案：attend。解析：汉语提示“参加”，动词attend；to后接动词原形，attend meetings 参会。 15. 答案：congratulations。解析：汉语提示“祝贺”，常用复数congratulations；your后接名词复数。 16. 答案：alone。解析：汉语提示“独自”，副词alone，修饰动词walk。 17. 答案：outgoing。解析：汉语提示“外向的”，形容词outgoing；as...as中间用形容词原级。 18. 答案：compares。解析：汉语提示“比较”，动词compare；主语he，一般现在时，动词三单compares；compare A with B 把A和B对比。 19. 答案：expect。解析：汉语提示“期待”，动词expect；would后接动词原形；expect to do sth 期待做某事。 20. 答案：direct。解析：汉语提示“直接的”，形容词direct，作表语。 21. 答案：less。解析：汉语提示“较少的”，little比较级less，修饰不可数名词sugar。 22. 答案：make a mistake。解析：汉语提示“犯错误”，固定短语make a mistake；may后接动词原形。 23. 答案：slim。解析：汉语提示“苗条的”，形容词slim；keep slim 保持苗条。 24. 答案：appearance。解析：汉语提示“外表”，名词appearance；their后接名词。 25. 答案：performed。解析：汉语提示“表演”，动词perform；后半句became提示一般过去时，填过去式performed。 第二部分：能力提升层级（30 分） 用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空（共30小题，每小题1分） 1. 答案：direct。解析：direct本身形容词，意为“直接的”，修饰名词effects，句意：企业正感受到经济衰退带来的直接影响。 2. 答案：personality。解析：person（人）变形名词personality（性格）；kind修饰名词，善良的性格。 3. 答案：pleasure。解析：please动词变形名词pleasure；for pleasure 固定搭配，为了消遣。 4. 答案：to reach。解析：固定结构adj.+enough to do sth，足够高能够到苹果，填不定式to reach。 5. 答案：touching。解析：固定搭配avoid doing sth 避免做某事，touch变动名词touching。 6. 答案：expectation。解析：expect动词变形名词expectation；beyond my expectation 超出我的预期。 7. 答案：accidental。解析：accident名词变形形容词accidental（意外的），修饰名词invention。 8. 答案：similarities。解析：similar形容词变形名词similarity；many后接复数similarities。 9. 答案：honesty。解析：honest形容词变形名词honesty；her后接名词，我没有理由怀疑她的诚实。 10. 答案：less。解析：little原级，比较级less，更少的垃圾食品，和more water形成对比。 11. 答案：sensible。解析：sense名词变形形容词sensible（明智的）；It’s + adj. of sb to do。 12. 答案：humorous。解析：humour名词变形形容词humorous（幽默的），修饰名词boy。 13. 答案：interesting。解析：interest变形形容词，修饰事物the book用interesting（有趣的）。 14. 答案：alike。解析：alike形容词，look alike 固定搭配，长得像。 15. 答案：differences。解析：different形容词变形名词difference；many后接复数differences。 16. 答案：similarities。解析：similarity名词，a lot of后接复数similarities。 17. 答案：appearance。解析：appear动词变形名词appearance；his后接名词，不能以貌取人。 18. 答案：congratulations。解析：congratulation常用复数形式congratulations，send one’s congratulations 送上祝贺。 19. 答案：the laziest。解析：among all animals 三者以上范围，用最高级the laziest（最懒的）。 20. 答案：shyer。解析：five years ago暗含对比，much修饰形容词比较级shyer（更害羞）。 21. 答案：pleasant。解析：pleasure名词变形形容词pleasant，修饰天气weather，多么宜人的天气。 22. 答案：slimmer。解析：than提示形容词比较级slimmer（更苗条）。 23. 答案：strength。解析：strong形容词变形名词strength（力量）；the后接名词。 24. 答案：seriously。解析：serious形容词变形副词seriously；固定搭配take sth seriously 认真对待某事。 25. 答案：to attend。解析：固定搭配make up one’s mind to do sth 下定决心做某事，填不定式to attend。 26. 答案：solutions。解析：solve动词变形名词solution；one of the + 名词复数，填solutions。 27. 答案：alone。解析：lonely侧重内心孤独，alone侧重独自一人；leave sb alone 把某人单独留下。 28. 答案：loudly。解析：loud修饰名词/作表语；修饰动词shouted用副词loudly。 29. 答案：comparison。解析：compare动词变形名词comparison；make a comparison 做对比。 30. 答案：performance。解析：perform动词变形名词performance（表现）；poor performance 糟糕的表现。 第三部分：综合拓展层级（25 分） 根据句意及首字母提示补全单词（共25小题，每小题1分） 1. 答案：pleasure。解析：固定句型It’s my pleasure. 乐意效劳。 2. 答案：prize。解析：get the first prize 固定搭配，获得一等奖。 3. 答案：lazy。解析：后文整天睡觉，首字母l，形容词lazy懒惰的。 4. 答案：humour。解析：sense of humour 固定搭配，幽默感，首字母h。 5. 答案：compare。解析：compare A to B 把A比作B，can’t后接动词原形compare。 6. 答案：attend。解析：attend the sports meeting 参加运动会，didn’t后接动词原形attend。 7. 答案：personality。解析：in personality 在性格方面，首字母p。 8. 答案：outgoing。解析：Tara安静，转折说明姐姐外向，形容词outgoing。 9. 答案：opinion。解析：in my opinion 依我看，固定短语。 10. 答案：hard-working。解析：后文works harder提示询问谁更勤奋，首字母h。 11. 答案：characters。解析：迪士尼卡通人物，many后复数characters。 12. 答案：average。解析：average height 平均身高，形容词average修饰height。 13. 答案：accidents。解析：road accidents 交通事故，many后复数accidents。 14. 答案：solve。解析：solve the problem 解决问题，to后动词原形solve。 15. 答案：serious。解析：serious problem 严重的问题，形容词serious修饰problem。 16. 答案：reach。解析：reach for one’s hands 伸出援手，if从句主语we，一般现在时原形reach。 17. 答案：population。解析：询问人口，What’s the population of... 固定句型。 18. 答案：perform。解析：perform like a car 像汽车一样行驶，to后动词原形perform。 19. 答案：less。解析：than提示比较级less，less than 少于。 20. 答案：honest。解析：后文从不说谎，形容词honest诚实的。 21. 答案：fact。解析：tell the fact 说出真相，首字母f。 22. 答案：exchange。解析：exchange student 交换生，固定搭配。 23. 答案：direct。解析：direct from... 直达，形容词direct修饰flight。 24. 答案：difference。解析：the difference between... ……之间的区别。 25. 答案：expected。解析：主句过去式thought，从句时态一致，expect变过去式expected；as I expected 正如我预想的。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $夯实词汇基础・突破变形考点・单元专项精练 人教版（新教材）八年级上册Unit 3 Same or Different? 单元重点词汇变形分层100题 学校：______________ 班级：______________ 姓名：______________ （考试时间：60分钟 满分：100分） 资料说明 整套词汇专项按基础识记→能力提升→综合拓展三层梯度划分，由浅入深，完整覆盖音、形、义、变形、语境全维度考点： 1. 基础识记（45分）：内设音标写词、中文提示写词两类基础题型，先通过音标训练音形匹配，解决单词不会读、不会拼的难题；再结合中文释义巩固词义记忆，全覆盖单元核心四会单词，夯实拼写根基。 2. 能力提升（30分）：词形转换专项，囊括名词单复数、词性转换、时态变化、形副词转换等高频易错考点，词汇语法结合，针对性突破变形失分点。 3. 综合拓展（25分）：语境首字母填空，依托完整句子设置场景，考查单词辨析与固定搭配，训练学生结合上下文灵活运用词汇的能力。 第一部分：基础识记层级（45 分） Ⅰ. 根据句意及音标提示写出单词（共20小题，每小题1分） 1．If you don’t mind, I’d like to prepare dinner for you with _______ /'pleʒə(r)/, because you have helped me so much this term. 2．The film is only funny if you appreciate British ________ /ˈhjuːmə(r)/. 3．A ________ /ˈmɪrə(r)/ is a piece of special glass. You can see yourself when you look in it. 4．By the end of the twentieth century, the world’s __________ /ˌpɒpjuˈleɪʃn/ was over six billion. 5．Please don’t speak so ________ /laʊd/ in the library. 6．Amy is ________ /ʃaɪ/ and doesn’t like to talk with others. 7．Peter is tall and thin but he has a strong ________ /ˈkærəktə(r)/. 8．You can’t ________ /tʌtʃ/ the baby’s face if you don’t wash hands clean. 9．Kunming is a famous city with ________ /ˈpleznt/ weather. 10．The ________ /ˈævərɪdʒ/ monthly temperature in this area is quite high, reaching about 25 degrees Celsius. 11．Luckily, no one in the car accident had ________ /ˈsɪəriəs/ injuries. 12．Staying calm in a difficult ________ /ˌsɪtʃuˈeɪʃn/ is important. 13．Congratulations to you on winning the ________ /praɪz/ at the school art festival. 14．Sam is so ________ /ˈleɪzi/. He never helps his parents do the housework. 15．In my ________ /əˈpɪnjən/, they should take a visit to that place again. 16．To be ________ /ˈɒnɪst/ , she felt very tired, but she took care of her disabled father for 8 years. 17．He’s giving her French lessons in _______ /ɪksˈtʃeɪndʒ/ for her teaching him English. 18．It’s hard to find any ________/ˈdɪfrəns/ between the twins. 19．Unity is ________/streŋθ/. We should work together and study cooperatively. 20．To ______ /sɒlv/ the problem of “blue Monday”, the English made Saturday afternoon a holiday. Ⅱ. 根据句意及汉语提示写出单词（共25小题，每小题1分） 1．Her cheerful and outgoing _________ (性格) makes her popular among all her classmates. 2．The dog does a good job because it has a good ________ (感觉) of smell. 3．—How far is it from your home to school? —It’s near, only 1,000 ________ (米) . 4．Can you find any ________ (相似之处) between the two pictures? 5．Jane began to show ________ (兴趣) in painting when she was very young. 6．She finally decided to tell the ________ (事实) about what happened. 7．Emma is a ________ (勤奋的) student, so she always gets good grades. 8．Don’t argue with your parents. They truly ________ ________ (关心) you. 9．I found this old photo ________ ________ (偶然) while I was cleaning the room. 10．Jack is my close friend. I hope our ________ can last forever. (友谊) 11．________ ________ (归功于) your help, we finished the task ahead of time. 12．I enjoy reading ________ (小说) because they can let me experience various lifestyles. 13．My father usually helps my mom do chores in his ________ ________ (空闲时间). 14．Tim will be busy next week because he has many meetings to ________ (参加). 15．Thank you for your ________ (祝贺) on my winning the English competition. 16．My little sister is brave enough to walk home ________ (独自) after school even in winter. 17．My brother is as ________ (外向的) as me, so both of us have many friends. 18．He often ________ (比较) his son with others. That’s why they sometimes argue with each other. 19．—What would you ________ (期待) to learn from the talk shows? —Well, actually I don’t mind them. 20．He is very ________（直接的）, so you always know what his real views are. 21．To keep healthy, we had better eat some food with more vitamins and ________ sugar. (较少的，更少的) 22．Everyone may ________ ________ ________ (犯错误) in daily life. 23．My cousin wants to keep ________ (苗条的). She does exercise every morning. 24．You shouldn't say bad words about someone just because of their ________ (外表). 25．The actor ________ (表演) wonderfully in the play and became famous overnight. 第二部分：能力提升层级（30 分） 用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空（共30小题，每小题1分） 1．Businesses are feeling the ________ effects from the recession that’s going on elsewhere. (direct) 2．She has a very kind ________ (person). Everyone likes to make friends with her. 3．Some people read for ________ (please) and some people read for knowledge. 4．Tom is tall enough ________ (reach) for the apple on the tree. 5．If you have to push past others, remember to avoid ________ (touch) their bodies. 6．The beauty of the West Lake in spring is beyond my ________. (expect) 7．Tea is one of the most important drinks in the world. It is an ________ (accident) invention. 8．There are many ________ between the two songs. (similar) 9．I have no reason to doubt her ________ (honest), it’s just that I can’t understand how it happened. 10．If you want to keep healthy, you should drink more water and eat ______ (little) junk food. 11．It was very ________ of you to bring an umbrella in this weather. (sense) 12．Daniel is a ________ (humour) boy who always tells funny jokes. 13．The book is very ________ and I think you’ll like it. (interest) 14．The twins look ________ (like), but they are very different from each other in taste and hobbies. 15．There are many ________ between Chinese culture and western culture. (different) 16．My sister and I have a lot of ________ (similarity), especially in our personality. 17．We can’t judge a book from its cover, and we can’t choose a friend from his ________ (appear). 18．He got first place in the English exam. I want to send my ________ (congratulate) to him. 19．Among all the animals in the zoo, the koala is often considered ________. (lazy) 20．Lucy has changed a lot. When I met her five years ago, she was much ________ (shy). 21．What ________ (pleasure) weather! What about going boating with me? 22．He becomes ________ than before because he exercises every day. (slim) 23．Steve Jobs’s speech always gives me the ________ to face the difficulties. (strong) 24．This is important work, and we must take it ________ (serious). 25．I have made up my mind ________(attend) a training course to be an ORBIS doctor. 26．Spanish scientists have created a foldable (可折叠的) car as one of the ________ to parking problems. (solve) 27．The parents are very busy, so they often have to leave their children ______ at home. (lonely) 28．The boy shouted _______ (loud) for help when he saw the snake. 29．He made a ________ (compare) between Shenzhen and Hong Kong. 30．I was so upset because my boss blamed me for the company’s poor ________. (perform) 第三部分：综合拓展层级（25 分） 根据句意及首字母提示补全单词（共25小题，每小题1分） 1．It’s my p_______ to share these stories with you. 2．Li Min can get the first p______ if he tries his best in the running race. 3．The dog is l________. It always sleeps all day. 4．Jack has a great sense of h________ and often tells us his jokes. 5．You can’t c________ his writing to a professional writer’s—he’s just a beginner. 6．Jack didn’t a________ the sports meeting yesterday because he was badly ill in hospital. 7．My friend Lily and I are very different in p________, but we get along well. 8．Tara is very quiet, but her sister is very o________. 9．In my o________, you should practice speaking English with your friends to improve your spoken English. 10．—Who’s more h________ at school?—Tina thinks she works harder than me. 11．Mickey Mouse, Donald Duck, and other Disney c________ are popular with children all over the world. 12．The a________ height of the students in our class is 1.62 meters. 13．Many road a________ can be prevented if the drivers follow the traffic rules. 14．Sometimes it’s hard to s________ the problem by myself. 15．Air pollution used to be a s________ problem in this area, but the situation is much better now. 16．So many people lost their homes in the flood (洪水). If we r________ for their hands, I’m sure they will get through the hard time. 17．—What’s the p_________ of China? —Nearly 1, 400, 000, 000. 18．People want a horse to p________ like a car, not caring about its feelings as a life. 19．—I often surf the Internet for only one hour every weekend. How about you? —I spend l________ than you, only half an hour. 20．Everyone likes Lisa because she is always h________ and never tells lies. 21．No one tells me the f________, so I don’t know he tells a lie. 22．Xiao Li is from China and she will study in America as an e__________ student next year. 23．The flight goes d________ from Taiyuan to Shanghai, so you don’t need to transfer. 24．What is the d________ between /ʃ/ and /ʒ/? I can’t tell which is which. 25．I thought I did badly in the math test. However, the result was not as terrible as I e________. 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $