专题06 冠词（练习）-【2027版】广西（对口考试）《英语一轮讲练测》（原卷版+解析版）

**基本信息** 以支架式教学为理念，通过分层训练构建冠词从基础到应用的完整进阶路径，聚焦不定冠词、定冠词、零冠词核心考点，实现知识梳理与能力突破。 **专项设计** |模块|题量/典例|题型特征|知识逻辑| |----|-----------|----------|----------| |系列考点夯实练|含3个考点专项填空|挖空式语境填空，聚焦冠词基础应用|从不定冠词到定冠词再到零冠词，构建"概念理解-语境应用"逻辑链| |核心突破提升练|语法选择+短文填空|选择与语篇结合，强化冠词辨析能力|通过不同语境训练冠词使用规则，突出易混点区分| |真题溯源过关练|2年真题语篇|融入真实考试语境，综合考查冠词运用|链接考情，实现从专项到实战的能力迁移，提升语言运用与思维辨析能力|

编写说明：【2027版】广西（对口考试）《英语一轮讲练测》内含复习讲义、复习课件、专项训练、综合训练，在编写中融入支架式教学理念，紧扣教材，将知识拆解整合为体系化专题清单，以挖空式讲解搭配知识再现型练习筑牢基础，再通过分层专项训练、综合进阶训练实现知识巩固与能力提升。针对性强，实操性好，为一轮复习搭建从知识梳理到能力突破的完整进阶路径，高效赋能备考提分。 本专题是【2027版】广西（对口考试）《英语一轮讲练测》的第6个专题，内容为冠词。 【2027版】广西（对口考试）《英语一轮讲练测》 专题06 冠词 专项训练 目录 01 系列考点夯实练 02 核心突破提升练 03 真题溯源过关练 【考点1 不定冠词】 阅读下面短文，在空格处填入适当的词或用括号里的词的正确形式填空。 Good habits help us stay ____1____ (health), which is also our duty as responsible citizens. First, we should drink at least eight ____2____ (glass) of water daily to keep our bodies fit. Second, ____3____ (eat) vegetables and fruits is important for self-care. ____4____ (I) mother always says, “Junk food is harmful, just like bad habits in life.” I ____5____ (usual) exercise for 30 minutes after school to build myself up. Last month, I ____6____ (join) a running club to challenge myself. Now, I can run ____7____ (fast) and more confidently than before. ____8____ developing healthy habits, we not only improve our lives but also contribute to ____9____ stronger society. Remember that taking care of your health ____10____ (lead) to happiness and success! 【考点2 定冠词】 English is ____11____ important subject in middle school. Everyone knows that they should learn English well, ____12____ some people don’t know how to learn it. Here are some ways to help you. I think they are ____13____ for you. You can listen to English radio for 30 ____14____ a day to ____15____ your English listening. When you find it too fast, you can try to catch the key (关键) words and get the main idea. Also, you need to speak to people in English. Don’t be afraid ____16____ making mistakes. It is important to open your mouth and speak. Reading and writing ____17____ also very important. Choose something interesting to read. It can’t be easy for you. And don’t stop to ____18____ the new words in a dictionary. You can guess their meanings. ____19____ a diary (日记) is a good way for your writing. You can check every word in your diary ____20____ after writing. 11．A．a B．an C．the D．/ 12．A．if B．and C．that D．but 13．A．beautiful B．colorful C．useful D．thankful 14．A．hour B．hours C．minute D．minutes 15．A．improve B．make C．find D．show 16．A．for B．of C．in D．with 17．A．are B．am C．is D．be 18．A．look for B．look at C．look after D．look up 19．A．Keep B．Keeping C．To keep D．Kept 20．A．care B．careful C．carefully D．cares 【考点3 零冠词】 21．She likes ________ football after ________ work. A．play; the B．playing; / C．play; / D．playing; the 22．Our English teacher likes playing ________ piano, but she doesn’t likes playing ________ basketball. A．the; the B．\; the C．the; \ D．\; \ 23．The cat is ______ orange. A．a B．an C．the D．/ 24．David often plays ________ basketball with his friends after school. A．a B．an C．the D．/ 25．Would you like to play ________ basketball with me after school? A．/ B．the C．a D．an 阅读下面短文，从短文后所给的选项中选出填入空白处的最佳选项。 Sarah ____26____ (live) in a small town. Every morning, she gets up early and has ____27____ quick breakfast. Then she goes to school ____28____ bike. Her school is not far from her home, and it only takes her about ten minutes. At school, they have many ____29____ (subject) such as math, Chinese, and English. ____30____ (she) favorite subject is English because she thinks it is very interesting. She often practices speaking English with her classmates after class. After school, she usually plays basketball with her friends. They all enjoy ____31____ (play) sports. It makes them ____32____ (health) and strong. In the evening, she does her homework ____33____ (one). Then she likes to read some books ____34____ she goes to bed. She thinks reading is a good way ____35____ (learn) new things. Hello! I ____36____ Li Mei. I am ____37____ student. This is my ____38____. It is nice. My English teacher____39____ Ms. Wang. She is a good teacher. I have a good friend.____40____ name is Kate. She ____41____ from England. She is ____42____years old. We are in the same class. We like ____43____ English. After class, we often play____44____ together. We are very ____45____. 36．A．am B．is C．are D．be 37．A．a B．an C．the D．/ 38．A．room B．school C．family D．book 39．A．am B．is C．are D．be 40．A．Her B．His C．My D．Your 41．A．am B．comes C．go D．live 42．A．fifteen B．five C．fifty D．forty 43．A．studying B．speaking C．reading D．writing 44．A．basketball B．footballs C．game D．cards 45．A．happy B．sad C．busy D．tired 试卷第1页，共3页 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！ 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 （2024年云南单招） Smiling is the best way of making friends. When I was thirteen ____1____ old, my father found a job in the city. So my family moved there. I also came to ____2____ new school near ____3____ we lived. My old school was far away. At first, I did not know anyone in my class. I was very lonely ____4____ I was afraid to make friends with my classmates. I couldn’t talk to ____5____ about my problem, and I didn’t want my parents to worry about me. Then one day, something good ____6____. I was sitting at my desk ____7____ as usual while my classmates were talking happily with each other. At that moment, ____8____ came into the classroom. I didn’t know who he was. He passed me and then turned back. He looked ____9____ me, without a word, smiling. Suddenly, I felt happy, excited and warm. That smile changed my life. I started to talk with ____10____ classmates and made friends. Day by day, I became closer to everyone in my class. 1．A．months B．days C．weeks D．years 2．A．a B．an C．the D．/ 3．A．when B．that C．there D．where 4．A．because B．before C．after D．if 5．A．everyone B．anything C．anyone D．everything 6．A．happen B．happened C．happening D．has happened 7．A．early B．quickly C．wonderfully D．unhappily 8．A．a boy B．a girl C．some boys D．some girls 9．A．of B．in C．at D．into 10．A．other B．another C．others D．the other （2023年湖南单招） Friends play an important part in our lives, and although we may ____11____ the friendship for granted, we often ____12____ clearly understand ____13____ we make friends. While we get on well ____14____ a number of people, we are usually friends with only a very few. For example, the average among students is about 6 per person. In all the cases of friendly relationship, ____15____ people like each another and enjoy being together, but beyond that, the degree of intimacy between them and the reasons ____16____ their shared interest vary enormously. As we get to know people we take into account things like age, race, economic condition, social position, and intelligence. ____17____ these factors are not of prime importance, it is more difficult to get on with people ____18____ there is a marked difference in age and background. Some friendly ____19____ can be kept on argument and discussion, but it is usually for close friends to have ____20____ ideas and beliefs, to have attitudes and ____21____ in common — they often talk about “being on the same wavelength”. It generally ____22____ time to reach this point. And the more intimately involved people become, the____23____ they rely on one another. People want to do friends favors and hate to break ____24____ promise.____25____, friends have to learn to put up with annoying habits and ____26____ differences of opinion. ____27____ contrast with marriage, there are no friendship ceremonies to strengthen the association between two people. But the supporting and understanding of each other ____28____ results from shared experiences and emotions ____29____ seem to create a powerful bond, which can overcome ____30____ in background and breakdown of age, class and race. 11．A．take B．look C．make D．have 12．A．do B．don’t C．should D．shouldn’t 13．A．how B．who C．when D．what 14．A．to B．with C．in D．for 15．A．one B．two C．some D．many 16．A．of B．that C．for D．why 17．A．If B．Because C．Whether D．Although 18．A．that B．where C．why D．when 19．A．people B．peoples C．relationships D．relationship 20．A．similar B．good C．different D．opposite 21．A．futures B．interests C．conflicts D．disagreements 22．A．spends B．costs C．takes D．wastes 23．A．better B．greater C．further D．more 24．A．a B．an C．/ D．the 25．A．Equally B．Eventually C．Especially D．Exactly 26．A．tolerance B．tolerating C．to tolerate D．tolerant 27．A．Against B．From C．To D．In 28．A．/ B．who C．that D．as 29．A．does B．do C．doing D．did 30．A．friendships B．positions C．differences D．opinions 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！ 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 编写说明：【2027版】广西（对口考试）《英语一轮讲练测》内含复习讲义、复习课件、专项训练、综合训练，在编写中融入支架式教学理念，紧扣教材，将知识拆解整合为体系化专题清单，以挖空式讲解搭配知识再现型练习筑牢基础，再通过分层专项训练、综合进阶训练实现知识巩固与能力提升。针对性强，实操性好，为一轮复习搭建从知识梳理到能力突破的完整进阶路径，高效赋能备考提分。 本专题是【2027版】广西（对口考试）《英语一轮讲练测》的第6个专题，内容为冠词。 【2027版】广西（对口考试）《英语一轮讲练测》 专题06 冠词 专项训练 目录 01 系列考点夯实练 02 核心突破提升练 03 真题溯源过关练 【考点1 不定冠词】 阅读下面短文，在空格处填入适当的词或用括号里的词的正确形式填空。 Good habits help us stay ____1____ (health), which is also our duty as responsible citizens. First, we should drink at least eight ____2____ (glass) of water daily to keep our bodies fit. Second, ____3____ (eat) vegetables and fruits is important for self-care. ____4____ (I) mother always says, “Junk food is harmful, just like bad habits in life.” I ____5____ (usual) exercise for 30 minutes after school to build myself up. Last month, I ____6____ (join) a running club to challenge myself. Now, I can run ____7____ (fast) and more confidently than before. ____8____ developing healthy habits, we not only improve our lives but also contribute to ____9____ stronger society. Remember that taking care of your health ____10____ (lead) to happiness and success! 【答案】 1．healthy 2．glasses 3．eating 4．My 5．usually 6．joined 7．faster 8．By 9．a 10．leads 【导语】本文阐述好习惯对健康的重要性，列举喝水、饮食和运动等建议，鼓励人们养成健康生活方式，以此收获幸福与成功。 【详解】1．考查形容词。句意：好习惯帮助我们保持健康，这也是负责任公民的义务。stay是系动词，后接形容词作表语，health的形容词形式是healthy。 2．考查名词复数。句意：首先，我们每天至少要喝八杯水来保持身体健康。数词eight后接可数名词复数，glass的复数形式为glasses。 3．考查动名词。句意：其次，吃蔬菜和水果对自我保健很重要。此处需要动名词作句子主语，表一般性或习惯性行为，eat的动名词形式为eating。 4．考查物主代词。句意：我的妈妈总是说：“垃圾食品有害，就像生活中的坏习惯一样。”此处修饰名词mother，需用形容词性物主代词，I对应的形式为my，首字母大写。 5．考查副词。句意：我通常放学后锻炼30分钟来增强体质。此处修饰动词exercise，需用副词，usual的副词形式为usually。 6．考查动词时态。句意：上个月，我加入了一个跑步俱乐部来挑战自己。时间状语Last month表示过去，谓语动词用一般过去时，join的过去式为joined。 7．考查形容词比较级。句意：现在我能比以前跑得更快、更自信了。后文出现than before表示比较，fast的比较级形式为faster。 8．考查介词。句意：通过养成健康的习惯，我们不仅改善了自己的生活，也能为一个更强大的社会做出贡献。此处表示“通过某种方式”，用介词By。 9．考查冠词。句意：通过养成健康的习惯，我们不仅改善了自己的生活，也能为一个更强大的社会做出贡献。此处泛指“一个更强大的社会”，需用不定冠词，stronger以辅音音素开头，用a。 10．考查动词时态和主谓一致。句意：记住照顾好你的健康会带来幸福和成功！主语taking care of your health是动名词短语，作单数看待，句子描述客观事实用一般现在时，谓语动词用单三形式leads。 【考点2 定冠词】 English is ____11____ important subject in middle school. Everyone knows that they should learn English well, ____12____ some people don’t know how to learn it. Here are some ways to help you. I think they are ____13____ for you. You can listen to English radio for 30 ____14____ a day to ____15____ your English listening. When you find it too fast, you can try to catch the key (关键) words and get the main idea. Also, you need to speak to people in English. Don’t be afraid ____16____ making mistakes. It is important to open your mouth and speak. Reading and writing ____17____ also very important. Choose something interesting to read. It can’t be easy for you. And don’t stop to ____18____ the new words in a dictionary. You can guess their meanings. ____19____ a diary (日记) is a good way for your writing. You can check every word in your diary ____20____ after writing. 11．A．a B．an C．the D．/ 12．A．if B．and C．that D．but 13．A．beautiful B．colorful C．useful D．thankful 14．A．hour B．hours C．minute D．minutes 15．A．improve B．make C．find D．show 16．A．for B．of C．in D．with 17．A．are B．am C．is D．be 18．A．look for B．look at C．look after D．look up 19．A．Keep B．Keeping C．To keep D．Kept 20．A．care B．careful C．carefully D．cares 【答案】 11．B 12．D 13．C 14．D 15．A 16．B 17．A 18．D 19．B 20．C 【导语】本文主要介绍了学好英语的几种方法，包括听英语广播、开口说英语、阅读有趣的文章以及写日记等建议。 【详解】11．考查冠词用法。句意：英语是中学里一门重要的学科。 important以元音音素开头，此处表示泛指“一门学科”，需用不定冠词an。 12．考查连词辨析。句意：大家都知道应该学好英语，但有些人不知道如何学。 if如果；and和；that那个；but但是。前后句意存在转折关系，需用连词but。 13．考查形容词辨析。句意：我认为它们对你有用。 beautiful美丽的；colorful色彩鲜艳的；useful有用的；thankful感激的。根据前文“help you (帮助你)”可知这些方法是有用的。 14．考查名词复数。句意：你可以每天听30分钟英语广播。 hour小时（单数）；hours小时（复数）；minute分钟（单数）；minutes分钟（复数）。30后接复数名词，且每天听30小时不合逻辑，应是30分钟。 15．考查动词辨析。句意：为了提高你的英语听力。 improve提高；make制作；使；find找到；show展示。根据“... your English listening. (……你的英语听力)”可知，应是提高你的英语听力，improve符合语境。 16．考查介词搭配。句意：不要害怕犯错误。 for为了；of……的（表所属）；in在……里面；with和……一起。be afraid of为固定搭配，意为“害怕做某事”。 17．考查主谓一致。句意：阅读和写作也很重要。 Reading and writing为并列主语，表示两件事，谓语动词用复数are。 18．考查动词短语。句意：不要停下来查字典里的生词。 look for寻找；look at看（强调动作）；look after照顾；look up查阅（词典）。根据“the new words in a dictionary. (字典里的生词)”可知，应是查阅字典里的生词。 19．考查非谓语动词。句意：写日记是练习写作的好方法。 此处表示习惯性动作，应用动名词作主语，故选Keeping。 20．考查副词用法。句意：写完后你可以仔细检查日记里的每个单词。 care关心；照料（动词 / 名词）；careful小心的，仔细的（形容词）；carefully小心地，仔细地（副词）；cares关心；照料（动词三单）。此处修饰动词check需用副词carefully。 【考点3 零冠词】 21．She likes ________ football after ________ work. A．play; the B．playing; / C．play; / D．playing; the 【答案】B 【详解】考查固定搭配和冠词。句意：她喜欢下班后踢足球。第一空：“like doing sth.”是固定搭配，表示“喜欢做某事”，强调一种习惯性的行为，所以用playing；第二空：“after work”是固定短语，意为“下班后”，中间不需要加定冠词the。故选B。 22．Our English teacher likes playing ________ piano, but she doesn’t likes playing ________ basketball. A．the; the B．\; the C．the; \ D．\; \ 【答案】C 【详解】考查冠词辨析。句意：我们的英语老师喜欢弹钢琴，但她不喜欢打篮球。play后接西洋乐器时，中间要加定冠词the；play后接球类运动时，中间不需要使用任何冠词。故选C。 23．The cat is ______ orange. A．a B．an C．the D．/ 【答案】D 【详解】考查冠词。句意：这只猫是橙色的。分析句子可知，此句描述猫是橙色的。横线后的orange是形容词，前面无冠词。故选D。 24．David often plays ________ basketball with his friends after school. A．a B．an C．the D．/ 【答案】D 【详解】考查冠词辨析。句意：大卫放学后经常和朋友一起打篮球。在“play+球类运动”这样的结构中，球类运动前面不需要加冠词，“play basketball”表示“打篮球”，是固定的表达用法。故选D。 25．Would you like to play ________ basketball with me after school? A．/ B．the C．a D．an 【答案】A 【详解】考查冠词辨析。句意：放学后你愿意和我一起打篮球吗？ play basketball“打篮球”，play后接球类运动，不需要使用冠词。故选A。 阅读下面短文，从短文后所给的选项中选出填入空白处的最佳选项。 Sarah ____26____ (live) in a small town. Every morning, she gets up early and has ____27____ quick breakfast. Then she goes to school ____28____ bike. Her school is not far from her home, and it only takes her about ten minutes. At school, they have many ____29____ (subject) such as math, Chinese, and English. ____30____ (she) favorite subject is English because she thinks it is very interesting. She often practices speaking English with her classmates after class. After school, she usually plays basketball with her friends. They all enjoy ____31____ (play) sports. It makes them ____32____ (health) and strong. In the evening, she does her homework ____33____ (one). Then she likes to read some books ____34____ she goes to bed. She thinks reading is a good way ____35____ (learn) new things. 【答案】 26．lives 27．a 28．by 29．subjects 30．Her 31．playing 32．healthy 33．first 34．before 35．to learn 【导语】本文讲述了Sarah的日常学习与生活。 【详解】26．考查动词时态。 句意：Sarah住在一个小镇上。此空作谓语，句子描述的是习惯性动作，主语Sarah为第三人称单数，lives符合语境。故填lives。 27．考查冠词用法。句意：每天早上她早起，快速吃一顿早餐。固定搭配“have a quick breakfast”表示“快速吃早餐”。故填a。 28．考查介词短语。句意：然后她骑自行车去上学。固定搭配“by bike”表示“骑自行车”。故填by。 29．考查名词复数。句意：在学校，他们有很多科目，比如数学、语文和英语。many后接可数名词复数，subjects符合语境。故填subjects。 30．考查物主代词。句意：她最喜欢的科目是英语，因为她觉得它很有趣。修饰名词subject需用形容词性物主代词her，句首首字母大写。故填Her。 31．考查非谓语动词。句意：他们都喜欢做运动。固定搭配“enjoy doing sth.”表示“喜欢做某事”，playing符合语境。故填playing。 32．考查形容词。句意：这让他们健康又强壮。固定搭配“make sb.+adj.”表示“使某人处于某种状态”，需将名词health变为形容词healthy。故填healthy。 33．考查副词。句意：晚上，她先做作业。此处应填one的序数词first，表示“首先、第一”，符合语境。故填first。 34．考查连词。句意：然后她喜欢在睡觉前读一些书。此处表达睡觉前读一些书，before表示“在……之前”，符合逻辑。故填before。 35．考查非谓语动词。句意：她认为阅读是学习新事物的好方法。固定搭配 “a good way to do sth.” 表示“做某事的好方法”，to learn符合语境。故填to learn。 Hello! I ____36____ Li Mei. I am ____37____ student. This is my ____38____. It is nice. My English teacher____39____ Ms. Wang. She is a good teacher. I have a good friend.____40____ name is Kate. She ____41____ from England. She is ____42____years old. We are in the same class. We like ____43____ English. After class, we often play____44____ together. We are very ____45____. 36．A．am B．is C．are D．be 37．A．a B．an C．the D．/ 38．A．room B．school C．family D．book 39．A．am B．is C．are D．be 40．A．Her B．His C．My D．Your 41．A．am B．comes C．go D．live 42．A．fifteen B．five C．fifty D．forty 43．A．studying B．speaking C．reading D．writing 44．A．basketball B．footballs C．game D．cards 45．A．happy B．sad C．busy D．tired 【答案】 36．A 37．A 38．B 39．B 40．A 41．B 42．A 43．A 44．A 45．A 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章以李梅的视角，介绍了自己的身份、相关物品、英语老师以及好朋友凯特的情况，包括凯特的国籍、年龄，还有两人在课堂和课后的活动等，展现了校园生活相关的内容。 【详解】36．考查主谓一致。句意：我是李梅。根据主语是I是第一人称，根据主谓一致原则，对应be动词为am。故选A。 37．考查冠词辨析。句意：我是一名学生。分析句子可知，空后名词student是可数名词单数，且表示泛指，应使用不定冠词a。故选A。 38．考查名词词义辨析。句意：这是我的学校。A. room房间；B. school学校；C. family家庭；D. book书。结合后文提到的“English teacher”可知，此处说的是学校。故选B。 39．考查主谓一致。句意：我的英语老师是王女士。根据主语My English teacher是第三人称单数，对应be动词为is。故选B。 40．考查形容词性物主代词。句意：她的名字是凯特。A. Her她的；B. His他的；C. My我的；D. Your你的；你们的。分析句子可知，空后的名词name指的是凯特的名字，空处是形容词性物主代词作定语，凯特是女性，应用her。故选A。 41．考查动词词义辨析。句意：她来自英国。A. am是；B. come来自；C. go去；D. live居住。根据空后from England可知，此处用法为come from意为“来自”，come用第三人称单数形式comes，故选B。 42．考查数词。句意：她十五岁。A. fifteen十五；B. five五；C. fifty五十；D. forty四十。结合语境，根据“We are in the same class.”可知，我的好朋友和我年纪相近，都是学生，年龄是十五岁较合理。故选A。 43．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我们喜欢学习英语。A. studying学习；B. speaking说；C. reading读；D. writing写。根据空后宾语English可知，此处用法为study English意为“学习英语”符合语境。故选A。 44．考查名词词义辨析。句意：课后，我们经常一起打篮球。A. basketball篮球；B. footballs足球；C. games游戏；D. cards卡片。play basketball是固定短语，意为 “打篮球”符合语境。故选A。 45．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我们非常开心。A. happy开心的；B. sad伤心的；C. busy忙碌的；D. tired疲倦的。结合前文描述的友好相处、一起活动等，此处表达开心的情绪符合语境。故选A。 试卷第1页，共3页 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！ 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 （2024年云南单招） Smiling is the best way of making friends. When I was thirteen ____1____ old, my father found a job in the city. So my family moved there. I also came to ____2____ new school near ____3____ we lived. My old school was far away. At first, I did not know anyone in my class. I was very lonely ____4____ I was afraid to make friends with my classmates. I couldn’t talk to ____5____ about my problem, and I didn’t want my parents to worry about me. Then one day, something good ____6____. I was sitting at my desk ____7____ as usual while my classmates were talking happily with each other. At that moment, ____8____ came into the classroom. I didn’t know who he was. He passed me and then turned back. He looked ____9____ me, without a word, smiling. Suddenly, I felt happy, excited and warm. That smile changed my life. I started to talk with ____10____ classmates and made friends. Day by day, I became closer to everyone in my class. 1．A．months B．days C．weeks D．years 2．A．a B．an C．the D．/ 3．A．when B．that C．there D．where 4．A．because B．before C．after D．if 5．A．everyone B．anything C．anyone D．everything 6．A．happen B．happened C．happening D．has happened 7．A．early B．quickly C．wonderfully D．unhappily 8．A．a boy B．a girl C．some boys D．some girls 9．A．of B．in C．at D．into 10．A．other B．another C．others D．the other 【答案】 1．D 2．A 3．D 4．A 5．C 6．B 7．D 8．A 9．C 10．A 【导语】这是一篇记述文。文章主要介绍了我转学后，不敢和同学交流，非常孤独，但有一天，一位同学的微笑改变了我，我开始和同学进行交流，和他们交朋友。 【详解】1．考查名词词义辨析。句意：我13岁时，我父亲在城里找到了一份工作。A. months月份；B. days日子；C. weeks周；D. years年。根据下文“new school (新学校)”可知，我上学了，此处应是13岁。故选D。 2．考查冠词词义辨析。句意：我也来到了我们住的地方附近的新学校。A. a一，表泛指，用在辅音音素前；B. an一，表泛指，用在元音音素前；C. the这，表特指；D. /零冠词。根据语境可知，我来到一所新学校，表示泛指，空格后为“new (新的)”，用冠词a。故选A。 3．考查宾语从句。句意：我也来到了我们住的地方附近的新学校。A. which哪一个（连接代词，作名从的主语、宾语或定语）；B. that不译（在名从中不充当成分）；C. there那里（地点副词）；D. where……的地方（连接副词，作名从的地状）。分析句子结构可知，“... we lived”作介词“near (在……的附近)”的宾从，空格处缺连词，且在宾从中作地点状语，用where。故选D。 4．考查状语从句。句意：我非常孤独，因为我害怕和同学交朋友。A. because因为；B. before在……之前；C. after在……之后；D. if如果。分析句意可知，我感到孤独是因为我害怕和同学交朋友，用because引导原因状语从句。故选A。 5．考查不定代词。句意：我不能和任何人谈论我的问题，并且我不想让我的父母担心我。A. everyone每个人；B. anything任何事；C. anyone任何人；D. everything每件事。结合语境可知，我非常孤独，没有朋友，也不想让父母担心，因此我不能和任何人谈论我的问题。故选C。 6．考查一般过去时。句意：然后，有一天，一些好的事情发生了。A. happen发生，原形；B. happened发生，一般过去时；C. happening发生，现在分词；D. has happened发生，现在完成时。根据下文“I was sitting at my desk (我坐在我的办公桌前)”可知，此处描述过去发生的事情，用一般过去时。故选B。 7．考查副词词义辨析。句意：我像往常一样不高兴地坐在书桌前，而我的同学们却在愉快地交谈。A. early早地；B. quickly快速地；C. wonderfully极好地；D. unhappily不开心地。根据句中的“while (然而)”可知，前后句意形成对比，同学们愉快地交谈，我心情低落。故选D。 8．考查名词短语。句意：在那时，有个男孩进来了。A. a boy一个男孩；B. a girl一个女孩；C. some boys一些男孩；D. some girls一些女孩。根据下文“I didn’t know who he was. (我不知道他是谁。)”可知，进来的是一个男孩。故选A。 9．考查介词词义辨析。句意：他看着我，一句话也没说，微笑着。A. of属于；B. in在……里；C. at朝；D. into到……里面。短语look at，意为“看”。故选C。 10．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我开始和其他同学交谈，和他们交朋友。A. other其他的；B. another另一个；C. others其他的（人或物）；D. the other另一个（人或物）。根据空格后的名词“classmates (同学们)”可知，此处用形容词修饰名词复数。故选A。 （2023年湖南单招） Friends play an important part in our lives, and although we may ____11____ the friendship for granted, we often ____12____ clearly understand ____13____ we make friends. While we get on well ____14____ a number of people, we are usually friends with only a very few. For example, the average among students is about 6 per person. In all the cases of friendly relationship, ____15____ people like each another and enjoy being together, but beyond that, the degree of intimacy between them and the reasons ____16____ their shared interest vary enormously. As we get to know people we take into account things like age, race, economic condition, social position, and intelligence. ____17____ these factors are not of prime importance, it is more difficult to get on with people ____18____ there is a marked difference in age and background. Some friendly ____19____ can be kept on argument and discussion, but it is usually for close friends to have ____20____ ideas and beliefs, to have attitudes and ____21____ in common — they often talk about “being on the same wavelength”. It generally ____22____ time to reach this point. And the more intimately involved people become, the____23____ they rely on one another. People want to do friends favors and hate to break ____24____ promise.____25____, friends have to learn to put up with annoying habits and ____26____ differences of opinion. ____27____ contrast with marriage, there are no friendship ceremonies to strengthen the association between two people. But the supporting and understanding of each other ____28____ results from shared experiences and emotions ____29____ seem to create a powerful bond, which can overcome ____30____ in background and breakdown of age, class and race. 11．A．take B．look C．make D．have 12．A．do B．don’t C．should D．shouldn’t 13．A．how B．who C．when D．what 14．A．to B．with C．in D．for 15．A．one B．two C．some D．many 16．A．of B．that C．for D．why 17．A．If B．Because C．Whether D．Although 18．A．that B．where C．why D．when 19．A．people B．peoples C．relationships D．relationship 20．A．similar B．good C．different D．opposite 21．A．futures B．interests C．conflicts D．disagreements 22．A．spends B．costs C．takes D．wastes 23．A．better B．greater C．further D．more 24．A．a B．an C．/ D．the 25．A．Equally B．Eventually C．Especially D．Exactly 26．A．tolerance B．tolerating C．to tolerate D．tolerant 27．A．Against B．From C．To D．In 28．A．/ B．who C．that D．as 29．A．does B．do C．doing D．did 30．A．friendships B．positions C．differences D．opinions 【答案】 11．A 12．B 13．A 14．B 15．B 16．C 17．D 18．D 19．C 20．A 21．B 22．C 23．D 24．A 25．A 26．C 27．D 28．C 29．A 30．C 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要说明了应该如何与朋友相处，和交友时要注意的事项。 【详解】11．考查动词词义辨析。句意：朋友在我们的生活中扮演重要角色，尽管我们会把友情当做理所当然，我们经常会不清楚地理解是怎样与朋友相处的。A. take拿；B. look看；C. make制作；D. have有。动词短语take...for granted意为“认为某事理所当然”。故选A。 12．考查动词词义辨析。句意：朋友在我们的生活中扮演重要角色，尽管我们会把友情当做理所当然，我们经常会不清楚地理解是怎样与朋友相处的。A. do一般现在时助动词；B. don’t一般现在时否定助动词；C. should应该；D. shouldn’t不应该。根据“we often...clearly understand (我们经常……清楚地了解)”可知此处应是否定句，表示“不清楚地理解”，用don’t。故选B。 13．考查副词词义辨析。句意：朋友在我们的生活中扮演重要角色，尽管我们会把友情当做理所当然，我们经常会不清楚地理解是怎样与朋友相处的。A. how如何；B. who谁；C. when什么时候；D. what什么。根据“we make friends (我们交朋友)”可知，宾语从句不缺少成分，可以补充状语，根据句意应用how表示“如何，怎样交朋友”。故选A。 14．考查介词词义辨析。句意：我们和很多人友好相处，但只和很少的几个人是好朋友。A. to对于；B. with和；C. in在……里；D. for为了。动词短语get on well with意为“与某人友好相处”。故选B。 15．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：在所有这些友好关系里，两个人互相喜欢，享受在一起的时光，但超越这些之外，他们的亲密程度和他们共同兴趣的原因却大不相同。A. one一个；B. two两个；C. some一些；D. many很多。根据“friendly relationship (友好关系)”可知，此处描述两人之间的友谊程度，应用two people。故选B。 16．考查介词词义辨析。句意：在所有这些友好关系里，两个人互相喜欢，享受在一起的时光，但超越这些之外，他们的亲密程度和他们共同兴趣的原因却大不相同。A. of……的；B. that引导定语从句；C. for为了；D. why为什么。根据前文的reasons (原因)及宾语“their shared interest (他们的共同兴趣)”可知，此处是介宾结构，应用介词for表示原因。故选C。 17．考查连词词义辨析。句意：尽管这些情况不是最重要的，但当年龄和背景有明显差异的时候，会更难与人相处。A. if如果；B. because因为；C. whether不论；D. although尽管。根据“these factors are not of prime importance (这些因素并不是最重要的)”可知，此处表示让步关系，应用although连接让步状语从句。故选D。 18．考查连词词义辨析。句意：尽管这些情况不是最重要的，但当年龄和背景有明显差异的时候，会更难与人相处。A. that连接陈述性名词从句；B. where在……的地方；C. why为什么；D. when当……时。根据“there is a marked difference in age and background (年龄和背景有明显差异)”可知，此处表示当某种情况发生时，是时间关系，应用when连接时间状语从句。故选D。 19．考查名词词义辨析。句意：有些友谊关系可以在争论和讨论的基础上保持，但这仅适用于有相似观念和信仰、有共同态度和兴趣的好朋友之间，他们经常谈论“同频”。A. people人们；B. peoples公民；C. relationships关系的复数形式；D. relationship关系。根据“Some friendly... can be kept on argument (一些友好的……可以继续争论)”可知，此处应是复数名词，且表示“友好的关系能在争论的基础上保持”。故选C。 20．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：有些友谊关系可以在争论和讨论的基础上保持，但这仅适用于有相似观念和信仰、有共同态度和兴趣的好朋友之间，他们经常谈论“同频”。A. similar相似的；B. good好的；C. different不同的；D. opposite相反的。根据“have... in common (有……共同点)”可知，此处应表示相似的观念和信仰。故选A。 21．考查名词词义辨析。句意：有些友谊关系可以在争论和讨论的基础上保持，但这仅适用于有相似观念和信仰、有共同态度和兴趣的好朋友之间，他们经常谈论“同频”。A. futures未来；B. interests兴趣；C. conflicts冲突；D. disagreements分歧。结合前文以及根据“have attitudes and...in common (有态度和……共同点)”可知，此处应表示友情双方有一样的态度和兴趣。故选B。 22．考查动词词义辨析。句意：想要达到这一点，通常要花时间。A. spends花费，主语是人；B. cost值……钱，主语是物；C. takes花费，主语是it；D. waste浪费。根据主语it可知，此处应用takes。故选C。 23．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：相关的人们越是亲密，他们就越依赖对方。A. better更好的；B. greater更伟大的；C. further更深入的；D. more更多。根据the more intimately可知，比较级结构the more...the more表示“越……就越……”，此处应用more。故选D。 24．考查冠词词义辨析。句意：人们想帮助朋友，讨厌不守承诺。A. a一个，用于辅音音素开头单词前；B. an一个，用于元音音素开头单词前；C. /零冠词用于不可数名词；D. the用于特指。根据“break...promise (违背……承诺)”可知，此处表示泛指，意为“违背一个承诺”，promise是辅音音素/p/开头。故选A。 25．考查副词词义辨析。句意：一样地，朋友们也要学会忍受烦人的习惯，容忍观点的不同。A. equally相同地；B. eventually终于；C. especially尤其；D. exactly确切地。根据“friends have to learn to put up with annoying habits (朋友必须学会忍受恼人的习惯)”可知，作为上文朋友互相帮助遵守诺言的另一面，同样也要容忍缺陷，此处表示对比，用equally。故选A。 26．考查动词词义辨析。句意：一样地，朋友们也要学会忍受烦人的习惯，容忍观点的不同。A. tolerance名词，宽容；B. tolerating动名词，宽容；C. to tolerate动词不定式，宽容；D. tolerant形容词，宽容的。根据“learn to put up with...and (学会忍受……并且)”可知，此处是and连接的并列成分，应和to put up with一致，用动词不定式。故选C。 27．考查介词词义辨析。句意：与婚姻相比，友情没有什么仪式来加固两人的关系。A. against违背；B. from从；C. to对于；D. in在。介词短语in contrast with意为“与……相比”。故选D。 28．考查代词词义辨析。句意：但人们可以通过分享经验和情感来支持和理解对方，并以此来建立一种强有力的联系，它能克服背景、年龄差、阶级和种族带来的差异。A. /关系代词在限制性定语从句中做从句宾语时可以省略；B. who在定语从句中指人；C. that在定语从句中指人或物；D. as在定语从句特定结构中充当主语或宾语。定语从句results from shared experiences and emotions中缺少主语the supporting and understanding，指物，应用that引导。故选C。 29．考查动词词义辨析和主谓一致。句意：但人们可以通过分享经验和情感来支持和理解对方，并以此来建立一种强有力的联系，它能克服背景、年龄差、阶级和种族带来的差异。A. does一般现在时第三人称单数的助动词；B. do一般现在时助动词；C. doing现在分词；D. did一般过去时助动词。该句是一般现在时，主语是the supporting and understanding，只有一个定冠词the，视作一个整体，为第三人称单数，表示强调应用助动词does。故选A。 30．考查名词词义辨析。句意：但人们可以通过分享经验和情感来支持和理解对方，并以此来建立一种强有力的联系，它能克服背景、年龄差、阶级和种族带来的差异。A. friendships友情；B. positions地位；C. differences差异；D. opinions观点。根据“in background and breakdown of age, class and race (年龄、阶层和种族的背景和细分)”可知，此处指背景、年龄差、阶级和种族方面的差异。故选C。 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！ 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $