Unit 4 Waves of Technology（一）-2026-2027学年高中英语教材全解必修二（冀教版）

Unit 4 Waves of Technology 教材全解（一） 。单元核心词汇 normal metal lap convenient Wi-Fi download update blog digital organized battery credit ⊙单元同步语法 v-ing形试作定语 。单元文章对话 重点句型讲练 教材同步词汇全解全练 重点1 单元词汇 l.convenient/kn'vi:niant/adj.方便的；实用的 词形变化：convenience(m.)便利；方便；inconvenient(adj.）不方便的 搭配：be convenient for sb.对某人方便；It is convenient(for sb.)to do sth.做某事 (对某人)很方便 辨析：convenient的主语通常是事物或时间，不能说I am convenient,而应说Itis convenient for me. 用法：convenient作表语或定语，常见于it作形式主语的句型 2.download/,dawn'lawd/v.下载；n.下载（文件） 词形变化：downloadable(adj.)可下载的；upload(v./h.)上传 搭配：download sth.from..从…下载；download an app下载应用 辨析：download与upload相对；名词形式可数（如：a free download) 3.update/,Ap'dert/v.更新；使现代化n.更新；最新消息 词形变化：updated(adj.)更新的；up-to-date(adj.)最新的 搭配：update sth.with..用…更新；keep sth.updated保持…更新；software update软件更新 辨析：update强调“使成为最新”；renew强调“重新开始/续订” 4.digital/drd3tl/adj.数码的；数字的 词形变化：digit (n.）数字；手指；digitally(adv.)数字化地 搭配：digital camera数码相机；digital age数字时代；digital device数字设备 辨析：digital与electronic不同一一digital指“以数字形式处理信息”，electronic 指“电子的” 5.organized/'o:g onarzd/adj.有条理的；有组织的 词形变化：organize(v.)组织；organization(n.)组织；organizer(n.)组织者； disorganized(adj.)杂乱无章的 搭配：be organized in.·在某方面有条理；well-organized很有条理的 辨析：organized形容人“做事有条理”，也可形容活动“有组织的” 6.efficient/I'fnt/adj.效率高的；有功效的 词形变化：efficiency(n.)效率；effectiveness(.)有效性；efficiently(adv.)高 效地；inefficient(adj.）低效的 搭配：efficient use of time高效利用时间；energy-efficient节能的；cost-efficient 成本效益高的 辨析：efficient强调“过程效率高”；effective强调“结果有效” 7.rack/trak/v.跟踪；追踪n.跑道；轨道；足迹 词形变化：tracker(n.）追踪者；追踪器；tracking(n.)追踪 搭配：track the progress跟踪进展；keep track of记录；掌握…动态；lose track of失去…线索 辨析：track强调“持续监视”；follow更常用作“跟随” 8.ate1et/n.率；比率；速度v.评估；认为 词形变化：rating(n.)等级；评分；rateable(adj.)可评估的 搭配：at the rate of...以…的速度/比率；birth rate出生率；interest rate利率； rate...as..把…评为… 辨析：1ate作动词时，常与as连用；atio通常指“比率”的数学概念 9.experiment./k'speriment/n.实验v.做实验 词形变化：experimental(adj.)实验性的；experimentally(adv.)通过实验； experimentation(n.)实验过程 搭配：do/carry out./conduct an experiment做实验；experiment on/ith用…做 实验 辨析：experiment强调科学实验；test更泛指“测试” l0.despite/dr'spart/prep.即使；尽管 同义表达：in spite of(后接名词/动名词)；although/though(后接从句) 搭配：despite+n./doing sth.尽管…；despite the fact that..尽管事实是… 注意：despite是介词，后面不能直接跟从句；要跟从句需用despite the fact that l1l.feature/fi:t(r)/n.特征；特色v.以…为特色；由…主演 词形变化：featured(adj.）有特色的；featureless(adj.)无特色的 搭配：main feature主要特征；feature in..,在…中起重要作用；a feature of.. …的一个特点 辨析：feature侧重“显著的特点”；characteristic更中性 l2.operation/,p3'ren/n.运作；手术；操作 词形变化：operate(v.)操作；动手术；operator(m.）操作员；operational(adj.) 运转的；可操作的 搭配：in operation在操作中；在运转；come into operation开始生效；an operation onsb.给某人动手术 辨析：operation可指“（机器）运转”或“（医疗）手术”；surgery更具体指 “外科手术” 考点通关 单元词汇 (一)单句填空（用所给词的适当形式填空） 1.The new app is very (convenience)for ordering food. 2.You can (download)the file from our official website. 3.Please (update)your software regularly to avoid security risks. 4.In the (digit)age,almost everyone owns a smartphone 5.She keeps her desk (organize)so she can find things quickly. 6.This machine is more (efficiency)than the old one. 7.The police used cameras to (track)the suspect's movements. 8.The (rate)of unemployment has dropped by 2%this year. 9.The students are doing an (experiment)in the chemistry lab 10. (despite)the heavy rain,they continued the sports meeting. 11.One (feature)of this camera is its long battery life. 12.The factory started (operate)last month 13.It's (convenient)for me to go there by subway. 14.The software (update)automatically when connected to Wi-Fi. 15.He is a very (organize)person and never forgets anything. (二)短文填空 Modern technology has changed our lives in many ways.First,it makes things much more 1. (convenience).For example,we can 2. (download)apps and 3. (update)them online with just one click.4. (digital)devices such as smartphones have become a key 5. (feature)of our daily life.To stay 6 (organize),many people use digital calendars.Also,smart watches can 7. (track)your heart 8. (rate)and even your sleep quality.Scientists often carry out 9. (experiment)to test new functions.10. (despite) some privacy concerns,these technologies improve our 11. (efficient)and make life easier.In short,the 12. (operation)of modern devices is becoming smoother and smarter. 参考答案 1.convenient;2.download;3.update;4.digital;5.organized;6.efficient;7.track; (一)单句填空 8.rate;9.experiment;10.Despite;11.feature;12.operation;13.convenient 14.updates;15.organized (二)短文填空 1.convenient;2.download;3.update;4.Digital;5.feature;6.organized;7.track; 8.rate;9.experiments;10.Despite;11.efficiency;12.operation 教材同步语法全解全练 重点2 v-ing形式作定语 v-ing形式作定语 项目 内容 定义 v-ig形式（现在分词或动名词）放在名词前或后，起修饰、限定作用， 相当于一个形容词或定语从句。 表示所修饰名词的用途（动名词)。 前置定语（动 名词表用途) 例如：a swimming pool(游泳池)→用于游泳的pool;a reading room (阅览室)→用于阅读的房间。 前置定语（现 表示所修饰名词的主动、进行动作或状态（现在分词）。 在分词表主 例如：a sleeping baby(正在睡觉的婴儿)；a running dog（正在奔跑的 动、进行) 狗)。 现在分词短语放在名词后，相当于定语从句，表示主动、正在进行或经常 性动作。 结构：名词+v-ing短语 后置定语 例如：the boy sitting there→the boy who is sitting there;the woman reading a book→the woman who is reading a book。 注意：若动作是被动、完成，则用v-ed形式。 动名词作定语表示用途、功能，不能变为定语从句。例如：a washing 关键区分：动 machine（洗衣机)不能改为*a machine that washeso 名词vs现在 分词 现在分词作定语表示动作、状态、特征，可以变为定语从句。例如： washing girl(正在洗衣服的女孩)可改为a girl who is washing。 ①主动且进行→v-ing。例：The man standing there is my teacher. 高考常考要点 ②被动且完成→v-ed。例：The book written by him is popular ③表示用途→动名词（常与名词构成复合词）。例：a sleeping car(卧 铺车厢) 考点通关 v-ing形式作定语 语法专练一：单项选择(8题) l.Look！The boy is my cousin A.sleep B.sleeping C.slept D.asleep 2.There is a hole in the wall. A.burn B.burning C.burned D,burnt 3.The girl the piano is our monitor. A.plays B.played C.playing D.to play 4.I need a pen;this one doesn't work. A.write B.writing C.written D.to write 5.The students in the classroom are having a discussion. A.seat B.seating C.seated D.to seat 6.My uncle bought a new machine yesterday. A.wash B.washing C.washed D.to wash 7.The bridge last year is very long. A.building B.built C.to build D.being built 8.I saw a dog lying on the road. A.die B.dying C.dead D.death 语法专练二：语法填空(10题) 阅读下面句子，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。 1.The leaves make the ground golden. 2.A pool is being built near our school. 3.The man to the teacher is my father. 4.I read an article by a famous scientist. 5.We passed by a factory. 6.The boy a red hat is my brother. 7.Do you know the girl under the tree? 8.There is a lot behind the supermarket. 9.The questions are very difficult. 10.The people for the bus looked impatient. 参考答案 语法专练一：单项选择 1.B;2.B;3.C;4.B;5.C;6.B;7.B;8.B 1.falling;2.swimming;3.talking;4.written;5.smoking; 语法专练二：语法填空 6.wearing;7.dancing;8.parking;9.following;10.waiting A 重点句型 Technologies in Everyday Life 1.We are surrounded by technologies. 结构：be(am/is/are/was/were)+过去分词(+by.) 中文：我们被技术包围着。 用法：表示主语是动作的承受者；时态通过be动词体现。 ...some of which have become so popular that they appear normal... 结构：so+adj./adv.+hat+从句 中文：其中一些变得如此流行以至于看起来很正常。 用法：表示“如此..以至于”；so后接形容词/副词，that后接从句；可与such. that..互换。 3.Phone applications allow you to check your emails... 结构：allow/enable/permit+宾语+to do sth. 中文：手机应用允许你查看邮件。 用法：①宾语后接带to的不定式。②类似动词：allow,enable,permit等。③allow doing表示允许做某事。 注意：allow doing sth.允许做某事（无宾语时） 4.By scanning a QR code,people can pay immediately. 结构：by+doing sth. 中文：通过扫描二维码，人们可以立即支付。 用法：①表示通过…的方式。②by后接名词或动名词。③可放句首或句末，用 逗号隔开。 5.The smart street light does not rely on traditional lamps,but on LEDs. 结构：not+A+but+B 中文：智能路灯不依赖传统灯泡，而是依靠LED。 用法：①连接两个并列成分。②否定前者，肯定后者。③结构需平行。 6....they last up to six times longer than traditional lamps,making less waste. 结构：主句+现在分词短语（表示自然而然的结果） 中文：它们的寿命比传统灯泡长六倍，从而减少了浪费。 用法：①表示自然而然的结果。②位于句末，逗号隔开。③可替换为wich引导的 非限制性定语从句。 7.The radar chip built into the light detects how fast an object is approaching. 结构：名词+过去分词短语（表示被动或已完成） 中文：内置在灯里的雷达芯片可以检测物体接近的速度。 用法：①相当于定语从句。②被动关系。③短语后置。 8.We are surrounded by technologies,some of which have become so popular... 结构：名词/代词+of+which(或whom) 中文：我们被各种技术包围，其中一些已经变得非常流行。 用法：①表示“其中一部分”。②wich指物，whom指人。③of前可加many, some,most等不定代词。 考点通关 文章句型 练习一：完成句子（用所给词的适当形式填空） 1.We are (surround)by smart devices every day. 2.The app is (use)that everyone downloads it. 3.Science allows us (improve)our lives. 4.He succeeded (work)hard day and night. 5.The new system does not need batteries, (run)on solar power. 6.The information (collect)by the sensor is sent to the cloud 7.There are many functions,many which are free. 8.The smart light is expected (cut)electricity costs. 9.By (track)your sleep,the device helps you rest better. 10.The technology not only saves money also protects the environment. 练习二：翻译句子（在横线上写出完整句子） 1.我们在日常生活中被各种技术包围。 2.这个设备如此智能以至于它可以自动调节亮度。 3.手机应用允许我们随时查看邮件。 4.通过戴在手腕上，这些设备可以监测心率。 5.这种灯不是靠传统灯泡，而是靠LED。 6.传感器自动工作，节省了大量人力。 7.内置在灯里的芯片可以检测物体的速度。 8.有很多可穿戴设备，其中一些可以计步。 9.未来科技预计将更加先进。 10.这种技术不仅提高了效率，还降低了成本。 参考答案 1.surrounded;2.so useful;3.to improve;4.by working; 练习一：完成句子 5.running;6.collected;7.of;8.to cut;9.tracking;10.but 1.We are surrounded by all kinds of technologies in everyday life.;2.The device is so smart that it can adjust the brightness automatically.;3.Mobile apps allow us to check emails at any time.4.By wearing them on the wrist,these devices can monitor heart rate.;5.This light does not rely on traditional bulbs,but on 练习二：翻译句子 LEDs.6.The sensor works automatically,saving a lot of human labor.7.The chip built into the light can detect the speed of an object.;8.There are many wearable devices,some of which can count steps.;9.Future technology is expected to be even more advanced.;10.This technology not only improves efficiency but also reduces costs. A 教材同步单元练习 一、阅读理解 Passage A Technology has fundamentally reshaped the workplace,automating routine tasks and creating new opportunities for collaboration.Artificial intelligence (Al)is no longer a futuristic concept but a present- day tool.AI algorithms can analyze vast datasets in seconds,a task that would take humans weeks This capability is revolutionizing fields from medical diagnostics to financial modeling.For instance,AI systems are now used to detect cancerous tumors in medical scans with a level of accuracy that can surpass human radiologists,allowing for earlier and more effective interventions. However,this transformation also raises significant challenges.The specter of job displacement looms large.While AI creates new roles in data science and machine leamning engineering,it also threatens to eliminate millions of routine-based jobs in manufacturing,customer service,and even professional fields like bookkeeping and translation.The key question is not whether technology will replace jobs,but how society will adapt to a rapidly shifting employment landscape.Continuous learning and reskilling have become essential for workers to remain relevant. Furthermore,the ethical implications of widespread AI are a growing cause for concem.Algorithmic bias,where AI systems reflect and amplify existing prejudices in their training data,is a serious problem.If an AI system used for hiring is trained on data from a company that historically favored one demographic group,it will likely continue that discriminatory practice.Despite these challenges, the potential of aI to augment human capabilities and drive progress is immense.The goal is not to halt technological advancement but to navigate its course wisely,ensuring it benefits all of humanity and not just a select few.This requires proactive governance,education,and a global conversation about the kind of future we want to build. ()1.What is the primary purpose of the first paragraph? A.To argue that AI is overhyped. B.To introduce the main topic of workplace transformation. C.To explain why AI is better than humans at all tasks. D.To list the negative impacts of technology on jobs. ()2.According to the passage,what is the most significant challenge posed by AI? A.The cost of developing new technology. B.The lack of skilled workers in technology fields C.The potential for job loss and ethical issues. D.The inability of AI to analyze simple data. ()3.The phrase "the specter of job displacement"in paragraph 2 is closest in meaning to: A.the proven guarantee of new job creation. B.the fiightening possibility of jobs being lost. C.the clear improvement in worker productivity D.the expected change in job responsibilities ()4.What does the author suggest as a solution to the problems caused by AI? A.Stop technological advancement immediately. B.Allow technology to develop without any rules. C.Focus only on creating new types of jobs D.Use careful management and ongoing education. ()5.The author's attitude toward the development of AI can best be described as: A.Completely positive B.Deeply fearful. C.Entirely unconcemned. D.Cautiously optimistic. Passage B The world is grappling with the escalating crisis of electronic waste,or e-waste.This category encompasses any discarded electronic device,from smartphones and laptops to refiigerators and televisions.The sheer volume is staggering,with the UN's Global E-waste Monitor reporting that a record 62 million tonnes were generated in 2022.This number is projected to rise by 32%by 2030. The problem is compounded by the fact that e-waste contains a toxic cocktail of substances,including lead,mercury,and cadmium,which can leach into the soil and groundwater,posing serious health and environmental risks.Furthermore,these devices are also a rich source of valuable materials like gold, silver,and copper,which are currently being thrown away rather than recovered. The challenge of managing e-waste is multifaceted.In developed nations,much of it is exported to developing countries,often under the guise of being used goods.There,it is frequently dismantled in informal,unsafe conditions,where workers,including children,are exposed to hazardous materials This practice,known as "waste colonialism,"shifts the burden of pollution onto countries least equipped to handle it.While many nations have adopted the Basel Convention,which aims to control the transboundary movements of hazardous wastes,enforcement remains weak.Stronger international cooperation and stricter regulations are needed to prevent this illegal trade and ensure that disposal is both environmentally sound and socially responsible. Individual action,while necessary,is not enough.The design of electronics themselves must change. The current model of planned obsolescence,where devices are intentionally designed to have a short lifespan or are difficult to repair,directly contributes to the e-waste problem.A shift toward a circular economy is crucial.This model emphasizes designing for durability,repairability,and recyclability.It champions a system where products are kept in use for as long as possible,and when they can no longer be repaired,their materials are recovered and reused to make new products.Legislation like the "Right to Repair"movement,which compels manufacturers to provide spare parts and repair manuals,represents a significant step in this direction.By shifting from a linear "take-make-dispose" model to a circular one,we can mitigate the e-waste crisis and conserve precious resources. ()6.What is the main idea of this passage? A.E-waste is a serious problem that requires a complex,multi-level solution B.Developing countries are primarily responsible for the e-waste crisis. C.The Basel Convention has successfully solved the problem of e-waste. D.Individual recycling efforts are the most effective solution to e-waste. ()7.The practice of "waste colonialism"described in paragraph 2 involves: A.Developed nations creating more e-waste than developing nations B.A system where e-waste is safely recycled within developed countries. C.The improper export of e-waste from rich countries to poorer ones. D.The generation of valuable resources from e-waste in developing countries. ()8.According to the passage,what is "planned obsolescence"? A.A design strategy to make devices last longer. B.An effort to make devices easier to repair. C.A model of production that reduces waste. D.The intentional design of short-lived devices. ()9.What is a "circular economy"as opposed to a "linear economy" A.A linear economy reuses materials,while a circular economy does not. B.A circular economy focuses on production,while a linear economy focuses on consumption C.A circular economy aims to keep materials in use,while a linear economy disposes of them. D.A linear economy is more sustainable than a circular economy. ()10.The author mentions the "Right to Repair"movement as an example of A.Legislation that encourages planned obsolescence. B.A step towards a more circular and sustainable model. C.The failure of individual consumer action. D.A banier to technological innovation. 二、完形填空 If you had told me a year ago that I would be voluntarily tumning off my smartphone for a week,I would have laughed.I was that person,glued to a screen,checking emails at dinner and scrolling through social media before bed.My device was my constant companion,a source of both endless information and,I began to realize,constant,low-level.I felt a compulsive need to check it,not because I was expecting something important,but simply because it had become a habit. The thought of being from the digital world was terifying But a family camping trip to a remote area with no cell service forced the issue.For the furst few days, I suffered from a genuine sense of.I found myself reaching for my pocket,only to remember my phone was useless.The silence felt deafening.Yet,as the days went by,something I started to notice the sounds of the forest-the wind in the trees,the crackling of the campfire,the laughter of my family.I had a real conversation with my brother that lasted for hours,something we hadn't done in years.I slept better and felt more than I had in a long time. The experience was a profound lesson in mindfulness.I realized that while the digital world incredible benefits,it also had a way of fragmenting my attention and pulling me away from the present moment.Now,back in civilization,I haven't completely abandoned technology.I still use my phone for work and to keep in touch with fiiends.But I've set stict.There are now "no- phone zones"in my home,like the dinner table and my bedroom.I ty to be more intentional about my usage,choosing to with technology on my own terms rather than being controlled by it. This digital detox didn't just give me a break,it me to a healthier relationship with the very tools that are supposed to make life easier. 1.A.constantly B.rarely C.occasionally D.never 2.A.joy B.anxiety C.curiosity D.excitement 3.A.connected B.separated C.protected D.learned 4.A.peace B.relief C.panic D.satisfaction 5.A.worsened B.remained C.disappeared D.shifted 6.A.tired B.bored C.stressed D.relaxed 7.A.overlooks B.offers C.lacks D.denies 8.A.goals B.boundaries C.records D.records 9.A.struggle B.compete C.engage D.argue 10.A.forced B.taught C.misled D.encouraged 三、阅读短文回答问题 Read the following passage and answer the questions in complete sentences. The rise of the "gig economy,"where companies hire independent contractors for short-term tasks instead of traditional full-time employees,has been one of the most significant shifts in modem work. Platforms like Uber,Deliveroo,and Upwork connect workers directly with customers,offering flexibility and the ability to work from anywhere.For many,this is a key benefit,allowing them to balance work with other commitments like education or family.It also provides an entry point into the labor market for those who might face barriers to traditional employment. However,this flexibility often comes at a cost.Gig workers are generally classified as independent contractors,not employees.This classification means they are not entitled to a minimum wage,paid sick leave,holiday pay,or employer-provided health insurance.Furthermore,these workers are not protected by most labor laws designed for traditional employees,such as those regarding overtime pay or protection from unfair dismissal.The algorithmic management used by these platforms,which can evaluate and even deactivate workers based on customer ratings,adds another layer of precarity.A bad review or a technical glitch can suddenly mean a loss of income. The debate around the gig economy is complex.Proponents argue it fuels innovation and provides invaluable flexibility.Critics contend it creates a two-tiered labor system,undermining decades of worker protections.Governments around the world are grappling with how to regulate this new landscape.Some have passed laws to reclassify gig workers as employees,granting them more rights. Others have created a brand new third category of worker to address the unique nature of this employment.The future of work will depend heavily on how this struggle between flexibility and security is resolved,finding a balance that protects workers while preserving the dynamism of the modemn economy. 1.According to the passage,what is the primary advantage of the gig economy? 2.Why do gig workers lack protections like paid sick leave? 3.What is meant by "algorithmic management" 4.What specific actions have some goverments taken to address the issues in the gig economy? 5.How does the author describe the future of the gig economy? 四、短文填空 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 The modem digital landscape is filled with a variety of tools designed to make our lives more For example,a simple email app can help you stay ,allowing you to manage your daily schedules and tasks with great But the real power of technology lies in its ability to our habits.By collecting data on our daily routines,these smart devices can offer personalized advice. One key of a modern health app is the ability to monitor your heart during exercise. While it is to have this data at your fingertips,the benefits,users must always be aware of privacy concerns.The of these systems relies on constant data collection,but a major software might fix security holes. in user experience help designers make these digital tools more intuitive.In a age,leaming to use these tools wisely is a skill in itself. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7 8. 9. 10. 11. 12. 五、写作 你校英文报“科技与生活”栏目正在征稿。请你以“The Wave of Technology:A Blessing or a CIse?为题，写一篇短文投稿，内容包括： 1.科技发展给生活带来的积极影响： 2.科技发展可能带来的负面影响： 3.你对如何正确利用科技的建议。 要求： 1.词数120-150； 2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯： 3.开头已为你写好，不计入总词数。 开头： The rapid development of technology has profoundly changed our lives,sparking a debate about whether it is a blessing or a curse. 一、阅读理解 PassageA:1.B2.C3.B4.D 5.D 一、阅读理解 Passage B:6.A7.C8.D9.C10.B 二、完形填空1.A;2.B,3.B,4.C,5.D,6.D;7.B,8.B,9.C,10.B 1.The primary advantage of the gig economy is the flexibility it offers. 2.Gig workers are typically classified as independent contractors,not employees. 3.Algorithmic management is the use of algorithms to evaluate and manage workers 三、阅读短文 回答问题 4.Some governments have passed laws to reclassify gig workers as employees or created a new third category of worker. 5.The author describes the future of the gig economy as dependent on the balance between flexibility and security. 1.convenient 2.organized 3.efficiency 4.track 5.feature 6.rate 7.convenient 8. 四、短文填空 despite 9.operation 10.update 11.Experiments 12.digital 五、写作 范文： The rapid development of technology has profoundly changed our lives,sparking a debate about whether it is a blessing or a curse. On one hand,technology is a tremendous blessing.It connects us with people across the globe in an instant,provides access to a sea of information,and has revolutionized fields like medicine and education.Smart devices and efficient apps make daily tasks more convenient and help us stay organized,saving us precious time. On the other hand,this wave can be a curse.Over-reliance on digital devices can lead to addiction, social isolation,and anxiety.The constant stream of information can be overwhelming,while issues like privacy invasion and job displacement due to automation pose serious threats. In my opinion,technology is a powerful tool,and like any tool,its impact depends on how we use it. We should embrace its benefits to improve our lives,but we must also set boundaries.We should schedule time away from our screens,prioritize real-world interactions,and use technology with intention,not out of habit.Only by using it wisely can we ensure that technology remains a blessing, not a curse.