Unit 2 School life-2026-2027学年八年级英语上册语法专项（译林版）

Unit 2 School life 语法专项 章 语法概览 ★比较事物数量的句型结构 ★原级比较as..as与not as//so.as的用法 语法精讲精练一 1.基本句型与核心表达 比较事物数量时，主要使用more..than/fewer.han/1ess.than以及as many.as/as much..as 等结构。关键要区分所修饰名词是可数还是不可数。 结构 用法说明 例句 more+可数 名词复数/不 He has more books than me.She drinks 表示“比…多” 可数名词+ more milk than I do. than fewer+可数 There are fewer students in Class A than 名词复数+ 表示“比…少”（只用于可数名词） in Class B. than less+不可 表示“比…少”（只用于不可数名 数名词+ 词) I have less time than you. than as many+可 数名词复数 表示“和…一样多” She made as many mistakes as I did +as as much+不 可数名词+ 表示“和…一样多” He earns as much money as his father. as not as/so many+可数 表示“不如…多” There aren't as many apples in the basket 名词复数+ as on the table. as not as/so much+不可 表示“不如…多” I don't have as much water as you. 数名词+as 2.关键考点与易错点 ★考点①：可数与不可数的区分 more既可用于可数也可用于不可数；fewer只用于可数；less只用于不可数。 √He has more friends../√He has more money.. X I have less books..(应改为fewer books) X There are fewer water..(应改为less water) ★考点②：as many/as much后必须跟名词 不能说as many as直接接名词（中间要加名词），但可以单独用as many或as much作 代词。 例：Ihave 10 books.She has as many.(代词用法) 例：I have as many books as she does.(正确) ★考点③：否定结构not as/so..as 否定时as可替换为so,意思不变。 He doesn't eat as much rice as I do.He doesn't eat so much rice as I do ★考点④：数量比较与程度比较的混淆 比较数量时要用more/fewer,/less,比较程度（如速度、高度)时要用形容词/副词的比较 级。 例：数量：I have more books than you. 程度：I am taller than you.(不是more tall) 3.特殊句型：the more..the more 该结构用于表示数量或程度上的递进关系，前后两个moe后都接名词或形容词/副词。 结构：he+比较级（数量/程度）…，he+比较级… The more books you read,the more knowledge you will get. The more you practice,the better you will become. 4.常见搭配与提醒 在感叹句或疑问句中，数量比较也遵循上述规则。 Which city has more people,Shanghai or Beijing? 例：How many more apples do you need?(疑问词+more+名词) 修饰比较级时，可用mch/a little/even/far等表示程度。 例：He has much more money than I do There are far fewer cars in the village than in the city. 5.易混点辨析 易混 正确用法 常见错误 fewer/less fewer+可数；less+不可数 less students x->fewer students more /much more本身就表示“更多”；much more more more X→much more more 强调“多得多” as many as/as as many as books x-as many books 后必须跟名词(（或作代词) much as as 二、专项训练（中考/名校月考难度，8-10题/大题，共3大题） （一)单项选择 1.There are students in class l than in class 2 A.many B.much C.more D.most 2.My brother has money than me,but I have free time. A.less;fewer B.more;less C.fewer,more D.less;more 3.-How milk do you want?-Just a little A.many B.much C.more D.most 4.She eats vegetables as her mother does. A.as many B.as much C.more D.less 5.I don't have homework today as yesterday. A.as more B.so many C.as much D.as fewer 6.There is water in this bottle than in that one. A.few B.fewer C.less D.little 7.The more you practice,the mistakes you will make. A.few B.fewer C.less D.little 8.Which city has population,Beijing or Shanghai? A.larger B.more C.much D.many 9.He spent time on the project than anyone else. A.less B.fewer C.more D.much 10.-Do you have apples? A.many more B.much more C.any more D.any much (二)语法填空 My school is having a charity sale.Each class has collected different things.Class 1 has 1. (many)books than Class 2,but Class 2 has 2. (much)toys.Class 3 collected 3. (few) clothes than we thought.Our class has 4. (many)notebooks than any other class.We also have 5. (much)water than before. Yesterday,we put all the things on the tables.There were 6. (many)people than last year.Some students bought 7. (much)food than others.I bought two books and a toy.My friend Lily bought 8. (many)gifts than me.She said she spent 9. (much)money than she planned.But she was happy because we raised 10. (much)money for the poor children (三)完成句子 1.他比我多三个苹果。He has than me. 2.这个城市的人口不如那个城市多。The population of this city is that one. 3.你读的书越多，你就会学到越多的知识。 you read, knowledge you will get. 4.我们班女生比男生少。There are in our class 5.你昨天喝的水和我一样多吗？Did you drink I did yesterday? 6.我的零花钱比你的少。Ihave money you. 7.这台机器耗电比那台多。This machine uses that one. 8.请给我少放点糖。Please put in my coffee. 9.她犯的错误比班上任何其他同学都少。She made than other student in the class 10.这个盒子里的鸡蛋比那个盒子少三个。There are eggs in this box in that one. 三、参考答案 （一)单项 1.C;2D;3.B;4.A;5.C;6.C;7B;8.A;9.C;10.C 选择 (二)语法 1.more 2.more 3.fewer 4.more 5.more 6.more 7.more 8.more 9.more; 填空 10.more 1.three more apples 2.not as/so large as 3.The more books;the more 4.fewer girls; (三)完成 than boys 5.as much water as 6.less pocket;than 7.more electricity than 8.less 句子 sugar 9.fewer mistakes;any 10.three fewer;than 章 语法精讲精练二 1.概念与功能 原级比较用于两个人或事物在某一性质、特征或状态上的相同或不同比较。它不涉及 “更…”或“最…”，只表示“和一样”或“不如…”。 核心结构：as+形容词/副词原级+as(肯定)；not as/so+形容词/副词原级+as (否定) 考点提醒：中考常考此结构的否定形式替换以及形容词/副词的正确选择。 2.核心用法 用法 结构 含义 例句 Tom is as tall as his as+形容词/副词原 肯定比较 和…一样… brother.(汤姆和他哥 级+as 哥一样高。) This movie is not as not as+形容词/副词 不如…（同义： interesting as that one. 否定比较 原级+as less...than) (这部电影不如那部 有趣。) She doesn't run so fast 否定比较（常用替 not so+形容词/副词 不如…（多见于否 as her fiiend.(她跑得 换) 原级+as 定句，语气更强) 没她朋友快。) 3.四大核心考点详解 考点一：as..as结构的否定形式 ★核心知识：not as.…as与not so.…as均用于否定，表示“不如…”。 易错点：只有在否定句中才能用so代替as。 √肯定句：He is as clever as me.() X肯定句：He is so clever as me..(x) 否定句：He is not as/so clever as me.() 考点二：形容词vs.副词的选择 规则：比较动作或状态时，如句中动词是系动词(be,look,sound,feel,taste,smell 等)，用形容词原级；动词是行为动词(un,speak,sing,study等)，用副词原级。 ★中考高频：此考点常出现在单项选择和句子翻译中。 例1：This cake tastes as delicious as that one.(形容词，修饰taste) 例2：He speaks English as fluently as an American.(副词，修饰speaks) 考点三：as..as结构的中间成分 规则：中间只加形容词或副词的原级，不能出现比较级(-er/more)或最高级(- est /most)o 易错警示： She is as tall as her mother.( X She is as taller as her mother.(x) 考点四：as..as结构中的主格/宾格 规则：第二个as后面可用主格或宾格，区别在于正式程度。 He is as old as I(am).(主格，书面正式) He is as old as me.(宾格，口语常见) 4.易混考点辨析 as.as与so.as的区别 结构 使用语境 语气 as...as 肯定句和否定句均可 中性，仅作比较 not so...as 仅用于否定句 通常比not as..as语气稍强 中考题源：not so.as近年来频现于完形、选择与完成句子。 二、专项训练 (一)单项选择（共10题) 从A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 1.-Is this book as as that one A.thick B.thicker C.thickest D.the thickest 2.The new playground is not the old one,but it's cleaner A.as big as B.as bigger as C.so big than D.bigger as 3.-Can you paint as well as your teacher A.so good as B.so well as C.as better as D.as good at painting as 4.It's not as cold today yesterday.We can go out to play A.with B.like C.as D.so 5.This math problem is that one.Both of them are difficult. A.not as easy as B.as easy as C.easier than D.as difficult as 6.-Who runs faster,Tom or Mike ?-Tom runs Mike.They are almost the same A.as fast as B.not as fast as C.as faster as D.faster than 7.She studies her sister,so she always gets better grades. A.not as hard as B.so hard as C.as hard as D.harder than 8.The old man looks he is.He is only fifty years old A.as young as B.not so young as C.older than D.younger as 9.-Can your little brother dress himself A.careful B.carefully C.more careful D.more carefully 10.The soup smells the stew(炖菜)，I like them both A.as sweetly as B.as sweet as C.sweeter D.the sweetest (二)语法填空（共10空） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入括号内所给单词的适当形式，使短文通顺、完整。 My best friend Lucy is a great girl.She is 1.. (tall)as me,but she is much thinner. She can sing 2. (good)as a professional singer.However,she is not 3. (outgoing)as her younger sister. Last week,we had a drawing competition.I drew a picture of a cat.Lucy drew a dog.My cat was 4. (beautiful)as her dog,I thought.But the teacher said my drawing was not 5. (detailed)as hers.I felt a little upset. Lucy noticed and said,"Don't worry.You draw 6. (quickly)as I do,and your color choice is lovely."She always speaks 7. (kind)as a real angel.I am lucky to have such a friend.We are 8.(close)as sisters.We don't care if we are 9. (good)as others;we just enjoy being together.Life is not 10. (colorful)as a rainbow every day,but with Lucy,it feels so. (三)完成句子（共10题) 1.汤姆和杰克跑得一样快。 Tom runs Jack. 2.这本书不如那本书有趣。 This book is that one.（用两种结构完成) 3.她的声音听起来像她妈妈的一样甜美。 Her voice sounds her mother's. 4.他学习没有他姐姐努力，所以成绩不好。 He study his sister,so he doesn't get good grades. 5.这个公园和那个公园一样干净吗？ Is this park that one 6.他唱歌不如专业歌手好。 He sing a professional singer. 7.这个蛋糕闻起来和那个一样香。 This cake smells that one. 8.我妈妈和我一样高，但她看起来比我年轻。 My mother is me,but she looks younger. 9.不要担心，你的英语口语会和他的一样流利。 Don't worry.Your spoken English will be his. 10.这项任务不如我们想象的那么简单。 This task is we thought. 三、参考答案 (一)单项 1.A;2.A;3.D;4.C;5.D;6.A;7D;8.C;9.A;10.B 选择 (二)语法 1.as tall/as;2.as well;3.as outgoing;4.as beautiful;5.as detailed;6.as 填空 quickly 7.as kindlyi 8.as close9.as good;10.as colorful (三)完成 1.as fast as 2.not as interesting as/not so interesting as 3.as sweet as ,4.does not 句子 study as/so hard as 5.as clean as 6.does not sing as/so well as 7.as good as 8.as tall as 9.as fluent as 10.not as/so simple/easy as