Unit 8 Pets and us-2026-2027学年八年级英语上册语法专项（沪教版）

U8 Pets and us 语法专项 章 语法概览 ☆副词；副词比较级和最高级 章 语法精讲精练一 1.副词的定义与功能 定义：副词(Advb)用来修饰动词、形容词、其他副词或整个句子，表示时间、地点、 方式、程度、频率等。 核心考点：副词在句中只作状语，不能作表语或定语（少数特殊除外），这是中考最基础 的易混点。 2.副词的基本用法（四大考点） (1)作状语（修饰动词、形容词、副词、句子） 修饰对象 例句 说明 动词 He runs quickly. 方式副词放在动词后 形容词 She is very beautiful. 程度副词放在形容词前 副词 He sings quite well. 程度副词放在另一副词前 整个句子 Luckily,he passed the exam. 评注性副词常放在句首 (2)副词的分类（中考常见） 类别 常见词 now,then,today,yesterday,soon,already,yet, 时间副词 just,lately here,there,outside,inside,upstairs,downstairs. 地点副词 everywhere carefully,quickly,slowly,happily,badly,well, 方式副词 hard very,quite,rather,much,too,enough,almost, 程度副词 nearly always,usually,often,sometimes,seldom,never, 频率副词 ever 疑问副词 when,where,why,how (3)副词的位置（中考高频考点） 方式副词：通常放在动词之后。 He studies hard. 地点、时间副词：通常放在句首或句末。 Yesterday he went there. 频率副词：放在行为动词之前，be动词/助动词/情态动词之后。 She always gets up early. He is never late. I have already finished my work. 多个副词连用顺序：方式→地点→时间（时间也可放句首）。 He did his homework carefully at home yesterday. (4)副词的比较级和最高级（中考核心重难点） 变化规则： 类型 变化方式 例词 单音节及部分双音节副词 加-er/-est fast→faster→fastest carefully→more carefully→ 以-y结尾的多音节副词 加more/most most carefully well→better→best;badly→ worse→worst;much→more 特殊变形（必须牢记） 不规则 →most;little→less→least; fa→fa1ther/fu1ther→ farthest/furthest 原级比较： as+副词原级+as（和…一样) He runs as fast as I. not as/so+副词原级+as（不如…) She doesn't sing so well as her sister. 比较级： 副词比较级+han He works harder than before he+比较级，he+比较级（越…越…） The more you practice,the better you will speak 比较级前可加mch/even/a little/far等修饰程度 He runs much faster than me. 最高级： (he)+副词最高级+范围(in/ofd) He runs (the)fastest in his class. She speaks English most fluently among the three 考点：副词最高级前可省he,但中考常建议保留；形容词最高级前必须加h©。 3.易混考点辨析（中考必考） ①形容词vs副词 形容词修饰名词（作定语/表语）；副词修饰动词/形容词/副词（作状语）。 He is a careful driver..(形容词) He drives carefully.(副词) 系动词后接形容词(Iook,feeL,smell,.taste,sond),行为动词后接副词。 The soup tastes good (v)/tastes well (x) She looks happy (v)/leeks happily (x) ②易混词 词 含义 词性 hard 努力地 副词/形容词 hardly 几乎不 副词 late 迟地/晚的 副词/形容词 lately 最近 副词 near 近地/近的 副词/形容词 nearly 几乎 副词 ③enough的位置 作副词时，放在被修饰的形容词/副词之后：big enough,fast enough 作形容词时，放在名词之前：enough money,enough time 二、专项训练（中考/名校月考难度，共三大题） （一)单项选择 1.-Can you hear me?-Yes,but a little louder. A.louder B.more loudly C.more loud D.loudlier 2.She always does her homework than her brother. A.more careful B.more carefully C.careful D.carefully 3.-How often do you go to the library?- A.Two times a week B.Once a week C.One time a week D.Twice a week 4.He sings as as a professional singer.I'm really surprised. A.good B.well C.better D.best 5.-Why did you arive so 、2 A.later B.latest C.late D.lately 6.The weather is getting We'd better go home now. A.bad B.badly C.worse D.worst 7.He is young to join the aimy. A.too B.very C.so D.such 8.Of all the subjects,I like English A.well B.good C.better D.best 9.-Can you tell me to get to the aiport?-Sony,I'm new here. A.how B.what C.where D.when 10.The man ran quickly that nobody could catch up with him A.so B.such C.too D.enough (二)语法填空 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入括号内所给单词的适当形式，使短文通顺、完整。 My grandfather is a kind man.He always gets up 1. (early)than me.Every moming,he goes for a walk 2. (slow)because he is old.He enjoys the fresh air 3. (quiet).He always tells me that we should live 4. (happy)and help others 5. (active) Last Sunday,he took me to the park.We saw many people exercising.Some were running 6. (fast).My grandfather walked as 7. (quick)as he could but still couldn't catch up with them.He laughed and said,"I need to practice 8. (much)."Although he walked 9 (slow),he never gave up.He practices the 10. (hard)among all the old people in our community. (三)完成句子 1.他跑得和我一样快。Hens 2你打得越多，就弹得越好。 you practice, you will play. 3.她唱歌比我妹妹好得多。She sings than my sister. 4.在我们班，他英语说得最流利。He speaks English in our class. 5.这位老人走路非常慢。The old man walks 6.他几乎不迟到。He late for school. 7.我昨天很晚才睡觉。I went to bed very yesterday 8.他足够大可以自己照顾自己了。Heis to look after himself. 9.我们应该尽可能仔细地做作业。We should do our homework 10.这辆汽车跑得不如那辆快。This car doesn't1un that one. 三、参考答案 (一)单项 1.B;2.B;3.D;4.B;5.C;6.C;7.A;8.D;9.A;10.A 选择 (二)语法 1.earlier 2.slowly 3.quietly 4.happily 5.actively 6.fast 7.quickly 8.more 填空 9.slowly 10.hardest (三)完成 1.as fast as 2.The more;the better 3.much better 4.the most fluently 5.very 句子 slowly 6.is never 7.late 8.old enough 9.as carefully as possible 10.as fast as