Unit 3 Home and Places（上）-2026-2027学年七年级英语上册知识点精讲（北师大版）

Unit 3 Home and Places 知识点精讲（上） machine equipment sound shower comfortable all ⊙单元核心词汇 kinds of;dictionary easily central community around friendly 。单元同步语法 1.There be句型；2.表示地点的介词(in/on/under/near等) 用法 。单元文章对话 重点句型讲练 教材同步词汇全解全练 重点1 单元词汇 1.machine/me'f:nln.机器 词形变化：machinery(n.机械总称) 词根词缀：-jne表示"属于.的” 搭配：washing machine洗衣机；machine parts机器零件 例句：This machine can wash dishes.这台机器能洗碗。 2.equipment/I'kwrpment/n.设备；装备（不可数） 词形变化：equip(M.装备)；equipped(过去式/过去分词) 词根词缀：-ment名词后缀，表示"物品、工具” 搭配：sports equipment运动器材；office equipment办公设备 例句：We need some camping equipment.我们需要-一些露营装备。 3.sound/saund/n.声音v.听起来 词形变化：sounded(过去式)；sounding(现在分词) 搭配：sound like听起来像；make a sound发出声音 例佝：The music sounds beautiful..这音乐听起来很美。 4.shower/'jaUa(r)/n.淋浴；阵雨v.淋浴；大量给予 词形变化：showered(过去式)；showering(现在分词) 搭配：take a shower洗淋浴；a heavy shower一场大雨 例佝：I take a shower every morning.我海天早上洗淋浴。 5.comfortable/kAmftebl/adj..舒适的 词形变化：comfort(n.N.安慰)；uncomfortable(adj.不舒服的)；comfortably(adv. 舒适地) 词根词缀：com-(加强)+fort(力量)+-able(能.的) 搭配：feel comfortable感到舒适；a comfortable chair舒适的椅子 例佝：This bed is very comfortable.这张床非常舒适。 6.all kinds of各种各样粕的 词形变化：kind(n.种类)；a kind of一种 搭配：all kinds of books各种各样的书 例佝：The store sells all kinds of fruit.这家商店卖各种各样的水果。 7.dictionary/'drkfenri/n.字典 词形变化：dictionaries(复数) 词根词缀：dict-(说)+-ion(名词)+-ary(场所/物品) 搭辄：look up in the dictionary查字典 例句：Please look up this word in the dictionary.请用字典查这个词。 8.easy/'i:zli/adv..容易地 词形变化：easy(adj.容易的)；easiness(n.容易) 词根词缀：easy+-y(副词后缀 搭配：can easily do sth.能轻松做某事 例佝：He can easily pass the exam.他能轻松通过考试。 9.central/'sentrel/adj..中心的；主要的 词形变化：center(n.中心)；centralize(v.集中) 词根词缀：centr--(中心)+-al(形容词后缀 搭配：central park中央公园；central heating中央供暖 例佝：The school is in the central area..学校在中心区域。 10.community/ke'mju:neti/n.社区；团体 词形变化：communal(adj.公共的) 词根词缀：com-(共同)+mun-(服务)+-ity(名词后缀) 搭配：community centre社区中心；local community本地社区 例句：We should help our community.我们应该帮助我们的社区。 11.around/e'raund/prep./adw.在.周围；到处 词根词缀：a-(加强)+round(圆) 搭配：walk around四处走走；around the corner在拐角处 例句：There are many shops around the school.学校周围有很多商店。 12.friendly/'frendli/adj.友好的 词形变化：friend(n.朋友)；friendship(n.友谊)；unfriendly(adj.不友好的) 词根词缀：friend+-y(形容词后缀) 搭配：be friendly to sb.对某人友好 例句：Our neighbours are very friendly.我们的邻居很友好。 考点通关 单元词汇 (一）单句填空（用所给词的适当形填空） 1.Please walk the park. 2.This dictionary is very 3.We have vegetables in the market. 4.My grandmother feels in the soft chair. 5.Can you finish the work? 6.The in the factory are very noisy 7.We need some sports for P.E.class 8.The of the rain is nice. 9.After playing sports,I take a_ 10.The centre is near my home 11.The park is beautiful. 12.Dogs are to humans. (二)短文填空 Our town has a new 1._ centre.It is in the 2. area.There is 3. 4. for people to use.You can borrow books or use a 0 to print things.The rooms are 6. You can also take a 1 after exercise.People here are very 8. _They help each other 9 If you get lost,just look 10. and ask for help. 参考答案 1.around;2.helpful;3.all kinds of;4.comfortable;5.easily;6.machines; (一)单句填空 7.equipment;8.sound;9.shower;10.community;11.central;12.friendly 1.community;2.central;3.all kinds of;4.equipment;5.machine; (二)短文填空 6.comfortable;7.shower;8.friendly;9.easily;10.around 教材同步语法全解全练 重点2 There be句型 语法1：There be句型 项目 内容 一、定义 表示"某处有/存在某物某人”的句型，强 调存在。 二、结构 There be+名词+地点状语 三、be动词的选择 根据后面名词的单复数：单数或不可数用 is,复数用are 肯定句：There is/are+名词+地点. 否定句：There is/are+not+名词+地点， 四、基本句型 一般疑问句：ls/Are there+名词+地点？ 特殊疑问句：What is+地点？/How many +名词+are there+地点？ 1.当名词有几个时，be动词与离它最近的名 词一致（就近原则） 。 五、注意事项 2."地点”常用介词短语，如in the box, on the desks等。 There is a book on the desk. There are two pens in the pencil case. 六、例句 Is there a cat under the chair? How many students are there in the classroom? 重点3 地点介词 语法2：表示地点的介词(in/on/under/near) 介词 含义 常见搭配 例句 in the box,in the The cat is in the 0 在…里面 classroom,in China bag on the desk,on the on 在…上面（接触） There is a clock on wall,on the floor the wall. under the bed, The dog is under under 在.下面 under the tree, the table. under the chair near the door,near near 在.附近 There is a hospital the river,near the near my home. school behind the door, The broom is behind 在.…后面 behind the house behind the door. in front of the There is a tree in in front of 在.…前面 classroom,in front front of the house. of the bus The chair is between 在之间 between A and B between the desk and the bed. 用法要点： 介词后接名词或代词宾格（如him,her,them)。 表示位置时，通常放在be动词或动词之后，作地点状语。 多个位置描述时，顺序：地点短语一般放在句末。 考点通关 单元语法 语法专练一：There be句型（用is/are/isn't/aren't填空） 1.There a map on the wall. 2.There some water in the glass. 3.There any pictures in the room. 4. there a ruler in your bag? 5.There three birds in the tree 6.There any milk in the fridge. 7.How many apples there on the table? 8.There a pen and two pencils on the desk. 语法专练二：地点介词（用in/on/under/near/behind/in front of/between填 空) 1.The football is the bed. 2.There is a cat the sofa. 3.The school is the bank and the library. 4.My pencil is the pencil case. 5.The post office is the supermarket. 6.There is a big tree the house. 7.The book is the desk. 8.The boy stands the teacher 语法综合练习 (一）单项选择(8小题) 1.There a hospital near my home A.is B.are C.have D.has 2.-How many students there in your class? -Forty. A.is B.are C.have D.has 3.The cat is the table. A.in B.on C.under D.near 4.There any water in the cup. A.is B.are C,isn't D.aren't 5.- there a ruler in the pencil box? -Yes,there is. A.Is B.Are C.Do D.Does 6.The school is the library and the park A.between B.in C.on D.under 7.There two apples and a banana on the plate. A.is B.are C.have D.has 8.-Where is the ball? -It's the door. A.in B.on C.behind D.near (二)语法填空(10小题) 阅读短文，用所给词的正确形式填空（每空一词）。 1.There (be)a nice room 2.In the room,there (be)a desk and a chair. 3.The desk is(在.旁边)the window. 4.There (be not)any books on the desk. 5.But there(be)a pencil box(在..上面)it. 6.Under the chair,there (be)a cat. 7.It (be)black and white. 8.Near the door there (be)a football. 9.The room is very clean. 10.There (be)a clock on the wall. 参考答案 语法专练一：There be 1.is;2.is;3.aren't;4.Is;5.are;6.isn't;7.are;8.is 句型 1.under;2.on;3.between;4.in;5.near behind;6.in 语法专练二：地点介词 front of;7.on;8.in front of （一）单项选择 1.A;2.B;3.C;4.C;5.A;6.A;7.B;8.C (二)语法填空 1.is;2.is;3.near;4.isn't;5.is;6.on;7.is;8.is;9.is;10.is 教材同步文章句型精讲 重点3 文章句型 1.My home isn't a house or a flat-it's a boat! 结构：主语+isn't+AorB一it's+C 中文：我的家不是房子也不是公寓—它是一艘船！ 注意：否定句中用o连接并列选项。 2.Its name is Paper Moon. 结构：Its name is+名称 中文：它的名字叫纸月亮。 注意：ts是物主代词“它的”，切勿写成t's。 3.It's long and thin. 结构：主语+be动词+形容词1+and+形容词2， 中文：它又长又窄。 4.It isn't very big,but it is very comfortable. 结构：主语+isnt+形容词，but+主语+is+形容词. 中文：它不是很大，但是很舒适。 注意：but表示转折。 5.On the outside,it's cream and green. 结构：On the outside,it's+颜色1+and+颜色2. 中文：在外面，它是奶油色和绿色的。 6.Inside,there are three rooms. 结构：Inside,there be+名词（复数）. 中文：里面有三个房间。 注意：there bet句型遵循就近原侧。 7.There is a living room with a small sofa and a table. 结构：There is+名词+with+其他物品， 中文：有一个带小沙发和桌子的客厅。 注意：with表示"带有、配有”。 8.There is a bathroom with a shower and a toilet. 结构：同上。 中文：有一个带淋浴和马桶的浴室。 9.There is also a small kitchen with a cooker. 结构：There is also+名词+with+物品. 中文：还有一个带炉火灶的小厨房。 注意：also通常放在be动词之后。 10.It's a great place to live in! 结构：It's+a/an+形容词+place+to do sth 中文：这是一个居的好地方！ 注意：不定式to live in作后置定语，介词in不能省略。 11.It's my sweet home. 结构：It's+ones+形容词+home. 中文：这是我甜蜜的家。 考点通关 文章句型 练习一：单项选择（从A、B、C、D中选出一个最佳答案） My home a house or a flat. A.is B,isn't C.are D.aren't The name of my boat Paper Moon. A.am B.is C.are D.be The boat is long thin. A.but B.and C.or D.so It isn't very big, it is very comfortable. A.but B.and C.or D,so the outside,it's cream and green. A.In B.On C.At D.Under there are three rooms. A.Outside B.Inside C.Beside D.Under There is a living room a small sofa and a table. A.for B.with C.of D.and There also a small kitchen with a cooker. A.am B.is C.are D.be It's a great place A.to live B.to live in C.living D.live It's sweet home A.my B.me C.1 D.mine 练习二：完成句子（根据中文提示，每空一词） 1我的家不是房子也不是公寓。 My home a house flat. 2.它的名字叫纸月亮。 name is Paper Moon. 3.它又长又窄。 It's 4.它不是很大，但是很舒适。 It very big, it is very comfortable 5.外面是奶油色和绿色的。 the outside,it's cream green. 6.里面有三个房间。 there three rooms. 7有一个带小沙发和桌子的客厅。 There is a living room a small sofa a table. 8还有一个带炉灶的小厨房。 There is a small kitchen a cooker 9.它是一个居住的好地方。 It's a great place 10.这是我甜蜜的家。 It's home. 练习三：翻译句子（将下列中文句子译成英文，注意使用正确的句型） 1我的家是一艘船。 2.它不很大，但是很安静。 3.我的床在沙发旁边。 4.浴室里有淋浴和马桶。 5.厨房里有一个炉灶。 6这是一个很棒的居住地方。 7.它是我甜蜜的家。 8这船又长又窄。 参考答案 1.B 2.B 3.B 4.A 5.B 练习一：单项选择 6.B 7.B 8.B 9.B 10.A 1.isn't;or;2.Its;3.long and thin;4.isn't;but;5.On; 练习二：完成句子 and;6.Inside;are;7.with;and;8.also;with;9.to live in; 10.my sweet 1.My home is a boat. 2.It isn't very big,but it is very quiet. 3.My bed is beside the sofa. 4.There is a shower and a toilet in the bathroom. 练习三：翻译句子 5.There is a cooker in the kitchen. 6.It's a great place to live in. 7.It's my sweet home. 8.The boat is long and thin. A 教材同步单元练习 一、阅读理解 C篇 In London,homes come in all shapes and sizes.Some people live in tall flats,some live in houses with gardens,but some live on the water!My family lives on a boat.It is not very big,but it is very comfortable. Our boat is long and thin.On the outside,it is blue and white.Inside,there are two rooms.One is a living room with a small table and two chairs.My bed is near the window.The other room is a kitchen with a cooker and a small shower.There is no bathroom,so we use a special toilet. Living on a boat is interesting.Every morning,I watch the ducks swimming by. Sometimes I fish from the window.But there is a problem-the boat moves when the weather is bad.Then I feel a little sick.Still,I love my home because it is quiet and beautiful.It is a great place to live in. ()1.How did the writer feel on the first day of school? A.Happy B.Nervous. C.Excited. D.Angry. ()2.What is the writer's home like? A.A tall flat. B.A big house. C.A blue and white boat. D.A yellow boat. ()3.How many rooms are there in the boat? A.One B.Two. C.Three. D.Four. ()4.What does the writer do every morning? A.He cooks breakfast. B.He watches ducks. C.He takes a shower. D.He fishes from the window. ()5.Which is TRUE according to the passage? A.The boat has a big bathroom. B.The writer never feels sick. C.The boat is quiet and beautiful. D.The boat is very big. D篇 Community is a place where people live together and help each other.In a friendly community,neighbours often share things.For example,if someone has a washing machine,neighbours can use it.If someone has a vending machine,people can buy drinks easily My community has a central park.There are all kinds of flowers and trees around the park.Children play there after school.The community center is near the park.It has sports equipment and a small library.We can borrow dictionaries and other books from the library. Last week,our community had a party We brought food and drinks.The sound of music filled the air.Everyone felt comfortable and happy.I like living in my community because people are friendly.They always say hello when we walk around. ()1.What can neighbours do if someone has a washing machine? A.They can buy it. B.They can use it. C.They can break it. D.They can hide it. ()2.Where is the community center? A.Near the park. B.In the park. C.Behind the park. D.Under the park. ()3.What can we find in the community library? A.Machines. B.Dictionaries. C.Showers. D.Cookers. ()4.How did people feel at the community party? A.Bored. B.Sad. C.Comfortable. D.Angry. ()5.What is the best title of the passage? A.My Community Life B.A Big Park C.How to Use Machines D.A Fun Party 二、完形填空 Dear Li Mei How are you?I'm writing to tell you about my new home We moved to a new flat last month.It is in the 1. of the city,so it's very convenient.There are many shops and schools 2. our flat.We have a small living room,two bedrooms,a kitchen and a bathroom. I love my room very much.It is not 3.,but it is very comfortable.I have a bed near the window.4.the bed,there is a desk.I do my homework there.There is also a 5.in my room.I take a shower every evening. The best thing is the community.Our neighbours are very 6. They often help each other.There is a small park 7.our building.After school,I go there to play with my friends.We have all 8.of fun games. I can get to school 9. because it is only five minutes'walk.I finish my homework quickly and then I can 10.around the park.It's a great place to live in. Hope you can come and visit me someday. Yours, Tom A.centre B.side C.front D.back A.on B.around C.in D.under A.big B.small C.long D.thin A.In B.On C.Beside D.Under A.machine B.shower C.kitchen D.dictionary A.friendly B.unfriendly C.loudly D.quickly A.in front of B.behind C.near D.all of the above A.kind B.kinds C.kind of D.kinds of A.easily B.hard C.slowly D.sadly A.walk B.show C.sound D.look 三、阅读短文回答问题 1.Where is Tom's home? 2.How many rooms does the tree house have? 3.Why does Tom love the bedroom best? 4.What is tree houses usually made of? 5.Who built the tree house in Tom's family? 四、短文填空 用方框中所给单词的适当形式填空，使短文完整正确。（每个单词限用一次，每空限填一个单 词。) machine equipment comfortable sound around easy shower friendly community dictionary Dear Diary, Today I visited my new school.It is in the centre of the 1..The school has a big library with all kinds of books.There are also many 2.for reading e-books.The sports 3.is very modern.The classrooms are very 4. I can sit for hours 5. The teachers are 6.and kind.After school,I walked 7.the school.There is a small park behind it.I saw some students taking a 8.after playing basketball.The 9. of their laughing made me happy.I can look up new words in the 10. if I don't know them. 1. 2. 3. 4. 5 6 7. 8. 9. 10. 五、导作 话题：My Sweet Home 提示： 1.你的家是什么样的？（房子、公寓还是其他？） 2.它里面有什么房间和物品？ 3.为什么你觉得它很甜蜜？ 4.你爱你的家吗？ 要求：80词左右，语句通顺，语法正确。 参考答案 一、 阅读理 C篇：1.C2.B3.B4.C 解 D篇：1.B2.A3.B4.C5.A 二、完形填 1.A;2.B;3.A;4.C;5.B;6.A;7.D;8.B;9.A;10.A 空 1.His home is in a tree /a tree house. 2.It has three rooms. 三、阅读短 3.Because he can see birds and stars through the window. 文回答问题 4.They are usually made of wood. 5.Tom's father built it(himself). 四、短文填 1.community 2.machines 3.equipment 4.comfortable 5.easily 6.friendly 空 7.around 8.shower 9.sound 10.dictionary 五、写作 范文： My Sweet Home My home is not a house or a flat-it is a boat!Its name is "Sunny".It is long and thin,and it is blue and white.Inside,there are two rooms.One is a living room with a small sofa and a table.The other is a kitchen with a cooker and a shower.My bed is near the window.Every morning I can see the sun rise.My home is small but very comfortable.It is quiet and beautiful.I love my sweet home very much!