Unit 3 Make it happen!（上）-2026-2027学年八年级英语上册知识点精讲（外研版）

Unit 3 Make it happen! 知识点精讲（上） 。单元核心词汇 artificial condition invent;invention apply machine congratulations advertisement;creative imaginative 。单元同步语法 动词不定式与-ing形式作宾语 。单元文章对话 重点句型讲练 A 教材同步词汇全解全练 重点1 单元词汇 1.artificial/,atf/adj.人工的；人造的；虚假的 词形变化：artificially(adv.) 词根：at(艺术/技巧)+i+fic(做)+ial(形容词后缀)一人为做出来的 搭配：artificial flowers假花；artificial intelligence人工智能 例佝：This shirt is made of artificial silk.这件衬衫是人造丝的。 2.condition/ken'dnln.条件；状况；环境 词形变化：conditional(adj.有条件的) 搭配：in good condition状况良好；living conditions生活条件；on condition that 在…条件下 例句：The car is in good condition..这辆车状况良好。 3.invent /In'vent/v.发明；创造；捏造 词形变化：inventor(n.发明者)；invention(n.发明)；invented(过去式/过去分词) 词根：in(进入)+vent(来)一创造新事物 例句：Who invented the telephone?谁发明了电话？ 4.invention/In'venfn/n.发明；创造物；虚构 词形变化：inventive(adj.有创造力的) 搭配：make an invention发明；a great invention一项伟大的发明 例句：The computer is a great invention.电脑是一项伟大的发明。 5.apply/e'plar/v.申请；应用；适用 词形变化：applied(过去式)；application(n.申请；应用)；applicant(n.申请人) 搭配：apply for申请（工作/签证）；apply to适用于；apply...to把…应用到 例句：You can apply for the job online.你可以在线申请这份工作。 6.machine/ma':nln.机器；机械装置 词形变化：machinery(n.机器总称；mechanic(n.机械师 搭配：washing machine洗衣机；vending machine自动售货机 例句：This machine can wash clothes.这台机器能洗衣服： 7.congratulations /ken,graetfu'ler[nz/n.祝贺；恭喜（常用复数） 词形变化：congratulate(v.祝贺)；congratulatory(adj.祝贺的) 搭配：Congratulations on.祝贺.（后面接名词/动名词） 例佝：Congratulations on your success!祝贺你成功！ 8.advertisement/ad'v3:t杠sment/n.广告；宣传（常缩写为ad) 词形变化：advertise(v.做广告)；advertiser(n.广告商) 搭配：put an advertisement刊登广告；a job advertisement招聘广告 例句：I saw an advertisement for a new phone..我看到一个新手机的广告。 9.creative /kri'ertrv/adj..有创造力的；创意的 词形变化：create(v.创造)；creation(n.创造)；creativity(n.创造力)；creatively (adv.) 词根：cre(创造)+ative(形容词后缀) 搭配：creative thinking创造性思维；creative idea创意 例佝：She is a very creative artist..她是一位很有创造力的艺术家。 10.maginative'med3 netrv/adj.富有想象力的；创新的 词形变化：imagine(v.想象)；imagination(n.想象力)；imaginary(adj.虚构的) 词根：imagin(想象)+ative(形容词后缀) 搭配：imaginative story充满想象力的故事；imaginative child想象力丰富的孩子 例佝：Children are often more imaginative than adults.孩子通常比成年人更富有想 象力。 考点通关 单元词汇 （一）单句填空（用所给词的适当形试填空） 1.This is an (artificial)flower,not a real one. 2.The old building is in bad (condition). 3.Edison (invent)the light bulb. 4.The (invent)of the smartphone changed our lives 5.I want to (apply)for the English club 6.The (machine)can make coffee automatically. 7. (congratulate)on passing the exam! 8.There is an (advertise)for a new restaurant in the newspaper. 9.The student gave a _(create)solution to the problem. 10.This writer is very_ (imagination);his books are full of magic. 11.You need to (application)the rule to this situation. 12.They are (invent)a new kind of robot (二)短文填空 Many great 1. have changed our life.Edison 2. many useful things.Today,people 3._ for patents for their new ideas.4. thinking is important for inventors.Some people are very 5 and they dream up amazing things.For example,a 6. that can fly like a bird is no longer just a dream.7. to all inventors!I saw an 8. for a robot competition last week.The 9. of the match were strict.The robots must be made of 10. materials but look like real animals. 参考答案 1.artificial;2.condition;3.invented;4.invention;5.apply;6.machine (一)单句填空 7.Congratulations;8.advertisement;9.creative;10.imaginative; 11.apply;12.inventing (二)短文填空 1.inventions;2.invented;3.apply;4.Creative;5.imaginative;6.machine; 7.Congratulations;8.advertisement;9.conditions;10.artificial 教材同步语法全解全练 重点2 单元语法 动词不定式与-ing形试作宾语 类型 常用动词（短语） 结构 例句 want,decide,hope I want to learn 只能接不定式(to plan,wish,agree, 动词+todo English. do) refuse She decided to go He enjoys enjoy,finish,mind, swimming. 只能接动名词 practice,suggest, I finished my (doing) 动词/介词+doing give up,be good homework. at,be interested in Are you interested in reading? stop to do停下去做 另一事；stop doing 停止做某事； remember to do记 He stopped to talk. 得要做；remember 两者皆可，但意义不 stop,remember, (停下来说话) doing记得做过； 同★ forget,try forget to do忘记要 He stopped talking. 做；forget doing忘 (停止说话) 记做过；try to do 尽力去做；try doing 尝试做 考点通关 单元语法 语法专练一：单项选择(8题) 1.My brother hopes a good job in the future A.get B.to get C.getting 2.They enjoy football after school. A.play B.to play C.playing 3.1 decided the book from the library. A.borrow B.to borrow C.borrowing 4.Would you mind the window?It's cold. A.close B.to close C.closing 5.She forgot her homework yesterday. A.do B.to do C.doing 6.We should practice English every day. A.speak B.to speak C.speaking 7.The teacher asked us to stop and listen to her A.talk B.to talk C.talking 8.I'm interested in the piano. A.play B.to play C.playing 语法专练二：语法填空(10题) 用所给动词的适当形式填空（不定式或-ing形式）。 1.She wants (visit)her grandparents this weekend. 2.Do you enjoy (swim)in the river? 3.Tom refused (help)me with my math 4.I don't mind (wait)for you. 5.He finished (write)the letter at 9 p.m. 6.We plan (have)a party next week. 7.Please remember (close)the door when you leave 8.I tried (open)the window,but it was stuck. 9.My mother is good at (cook)delicious food. 10.They stopped (watch)TV and went to bed. 参考答案 语法专练一：单项选择 1.B;2.C;3.B;4.C;5.B;6.C;7.C;8.C 1.to visit;2.swimming;3.to help;4.waiting;5. 语法专练二：语法填空 writing;6.to have;7.to close;8.to open;9.cooking; 10.watching 教材同步文章句型精讲 重点3 文章句型 1.He built it out of plastic blocks and fishing line. 结构：build..out of..用.…建造. 中文：他用塑料积木和钓鱼线造了它。 2.She was born without an arm. 结构：be born+介词短语出生时. 中文：她出生时就没有一只手臂。 3.Her artificial arm was just a simple hook,but it cost $80,000. 结构：主语+cost+金额某物花费多少钱 中文：她的假肢只是一个简单的钩子，但花费了8万美元。 4.What's worse,children like her grow quickly and need new arms all the time. 结构：what's worse更糟糕的是；all the time一直 中文：更糟糕的是，像她这样的孩子长得很快，一直需要新的手臂。 5.It blew me away! 结构：blow sb..away令某人震惊/使某人印喙深刻 中文：这让我太震惊了！ 6.I must lend a hand to people like her. 结构：lend a hand to sb.帮助某人 中文：我必须帮助像她这样铂的人。 7.He always tried to improve his work. 结构：try to do sth.尽力做某事 中文：他总是努力改进他的作品。 8.It was able to move with brain signals of the user. 结构：be able to do sth.能够做某事；with+工具用.… 中文：它能够随着使用者的大脑信号移动。 9.It wasn't good enough yet:the arm weighed 3.6 kilograms. 结构：主语+be+形容词+enough足够.…；weigh+重量重 中文：它还不够好：这只手臂重3.6公斤。 10.He enjoyed fixing problems one after another. 结构：enjoy doing sth.喜欢做某事；one after another一个接一个 中文：他喜欢一个接一个地解决问题。 11.He finally hit on success at age 23. 结构：hit on success取得成功 中文：他终于在23岁时取得了成功。 12.He decided to post his design online...for free! 结构：decide to do sth.决定做某事；for free免费 中文：他决定把设计免费发布到网上！ 13.People can download the design and make an artificial arm with their own 3-D printers! 结构：can+动词原形能够做某事；with their own..用他们自己的. 中文：人们可以下载设计并用他们自己的3D打印机制作假肢！ 考点通关 文章句型 练习一：单项选择 1.Easton built his first robotic arm plastic blocks and fishing line. A.out of B.into C.from D.with 2.The girl was born an arm. A.with B.without C,in D.on 3.The artificial arm cost $80,000 A.as many as B.as much as C.so many D.so much 4.What's ,children like her need new arms all the time. A.bad B.worse C.worst D.badly 5.It blew me when I heard the price A.away B,off C.out D.up 6.Easton wanted to a hand to people like Jenny. A.give B.lend C.take D.bring 7.He always tried his work A.improve B.to improve C.improving D.improved 8.The new arm was able to move brain signals. A.with B.by C.in D.on 9.The arm weighed 3.6 kilograms.It was heavy for a child. A.too B.very C.so D.enough 10.He decided to post his design online free. A.for B.at C,with D.in 练习二：完成句子（每空一词） 1.他用塑料积木和钓鱼线造了它。 He built it plastic blocks and fishing line. 2她出生时就没有手臂。 She was born arm. 3这个假肢花费8万美元。 The artificial arm $80,000. 4我必须帮助像她这样的人。 I must a to people like her. 5.他喜欢一个接一个地解决问题。 He enjoyed problems one another 6.他终于在23岁时取得了成功。 He finally success at age 23. 7.这个设计重仅0.5公斤。 The design only 0.5 kilograms. 8.人们可以免费下载设计。 People can download the design 9.他用他自己的3D打印机制作了假肢。 He made the artificial arm his 3-D printer 10这个发明帮助了许多孩子。 The invention children. 练习三：翻译狗子 1.他的机械臂只花了300美元。 2.更糟糕的是，孩子们需要新的手臂。 3这让我太震惊了！ 4.他总是努力改进他的作品。 5.它能够随着大脑信号移动。 6.这个手臂对一个孩子来说太重了。 7.他决定免费分享他的设计。 8.人们可以用自己的3D打印机制作假肢。 参考答案 练习一：单项选择 1.A 2.B 3.B 4.B 5.A 6.B 7.B 8.A 9.A 10.A 1.out of 2.without an 3.cost 4.lend;hand 5.fixing;after 练习二：完成句子 6.hit on 7.weighed 8.for free 9.with;own 10.helped many 1.His robotic arm only cost $300. 2.What's worse,children need new arms. 3.It blew me away! 4.He always tried to improve his work. 练习三： 翻译句子 5.It was able to move with brain signals. 6.The arm was too heavy for a child. 7.He decided to share his design for free 8.People can make an artificial arm with their own 3-D printers. A 教材同步单元练习 一、阅读理解 A篇 Easton LaChappelle was just 14 when he built a robotic arm from plastic blocks and fishing line for a science fair.At the fair,he met Jenny,a girl born without an arm.Her artificial arm was a simple hook that cost $80,000,and children like her needed new ones as they grew.Easton's arm cost only $300."I must lend a hand to people like her,"he thought. After the fair,Easton turned his room into a lab.He spent days improving his design.At 16,he got a 3-D printer and created an artificial arm that could move with brain signals.But it weighed 3.6 kilograms-too heavy for a child.He kept working,solving problems one after another.At age 23,he succeeded:his new arm weighed just 0.5 kilograms and cost about $500.Instead of making money,Easton posted his design online for free.Now people can download it and make arms with their own 3-D printers.His invention has helped many children around the world. ()1.What made Easton decide to help Jenny? A.Her arm cost too much money. B.She was born without an arm. C.Her artificial arm was just a simple hook. D.All of the above. ()2.What problem did Easton face with his first 3-D printed arm? A.It was too expensive B.It could not move with brain signals. C.It was too heavy for a child. D.It broke easily. ()3.How did Easton share his final design? A.He sold it to hospitals. B.He posted it online for free. C.He kept it secret. D.He gave it to Jenny only. ()4.Which word best describes Easton? A.Rich B.Selfish C.Creative and kind D.Lazy ()5.What can we learn from the passage? A.3-D printers can solve all problems. B.Young people can make a difference. C.Inventions are only for adults. D.Money is the most important thing. B篇 In 1928,Alexander Fleming discovered penicillin by accident.He was studying bacteria when he noticed that a mold (had killed the bacteria in one of his dishes.This "accident"led to the first antibiotic(抗生素)，which has saved millions of lives. Fleming's discovery changed medicine forever. But the story doesn't end there.For years,scientists could not produce penicillin in large amounts.During World War ll,a team of scientists in the United States found a way to make it in quantity.They used a special mold and a new fermentation process.By 1944,penicillin was being used to treat wounded soldiers.It reduced deaths from infections dramatically. Today,we face a new problem:bacteria are becoming resistant to antibiotics.Scientists warn that overuse of antibiotics has made some bacteria "superbugs".Finding new antibiotics is now one of the biggest challenges in medicine.Some researchers are looking to nature for answers-discovering new molds and bacteria in soil,oceans,and even caves.Others are using artificial intelligence to design new drugs. ()1.How did Fleming discover penicillin? A.He planned the experiment carefully. B.He noticed a mold killing bacteria by chance. C.He studied molds for many years. D.He used artificial intelligence. ()2.Why was penicillin important during World War ll? A.It helped produce more weapons. B.It treated wounded soldiers and reduced infections. C.It made soldiers stronger. D.It was used to make bombs. ()3.What problem are scientists facing today? A.Penicillin is too expensive. B.Bacteria are becoming resistant to antibiotics. C.No one wants to study medicine. D.Molds are disappearing. ()4.How are scientists trying to solve the problem? A.By using more penicillin. B.By looking for new antibiotics in nature and using Al. C.By stopping all medical research. D.By asking people to avoid doctors. ()5.What is the best title for this passage? A.The History of Medicine B.Accidents in Science C.Penicillin:From Discovery to Challenge D.How to Kill Bacteria 二、完形填空 Last month,our class visited a special workshop.The teacher told us we were going to build something to help people.Everyone was 1._ "We will make simple robotic hands for children who cannot 2.their hands,"she said. First,we learned how the human hand works.Then we 3. different materials: cardboard,strings,and straws.I worked with Tom.We decided to make a hand that could hold a cup.It was 4.than we thought.The fingers kept falling off! But we didn't give up.We 5.the design three times.Finally,it worked!The hand could pick up a small ball.We felt so 6. A few weeks later,we sent our robotic hands to a children's hospital.A boy named David wrote us a letter.He said he could now hold his favorite toy 7.for the first time.I cried when I read the letter. "This is the best 8.I have ever taken,Tom said."We used our hands to help others use theirs."Our teacher smiled,"You have learned the most 9. lesson: using creativity to make the world 10. n A.tired B.excited C.worried D.sad A.move B.see C.hear D.smell A.bought B.collected C.ate D.drew A.easier B.harder C.faster D.cheaper A.kept B.changed C.forgot D.lost A.nervous B.proud C.bored D.angry A.himself B.herself C.yourself D.itself A.trip B.class C.test D.job A.important B.difficult C.boring D.strange A.quieter B.bigger C.better D.slower 三、阅读短文回答问题 A 17-year-old boy named Ben learned about a problem:many disabled people in his town could not afford expensive wheelchairs.He decided to help.Ben was good at building things.He asked his school for an old 3-D printer and started designing a cheap wheelchair. At first,the chair was too heavy.Ben used lighter materials and changed the shape.He worked every evening after school.Six months later,he finished his first wheelchair.It cost only $200 to make-much cheaper than the $3,000 ones in stores. Ben gave the wheelchair to a woman named Mrs.Clark.She could not walk and used a broken old chair.When she tried Ben's chair,she smiled:"I feel like I can go anywhere now!" Ben's story spread.Soon,more people asked for his help.He started a club at school to teach other students how to build wheelchairs."We are not just making chairs,"Ben said."We are giving people freedom." 1.Where is Tom from? 2.How does Tom learn Chinese when playing football? 3.What does Tom think of maths? 4.Who is Wang Lei? 5.Why does Tom say China is his second home? 四、短文填空 true she easy luck robot able help invent but final Alice was born without a left hand.For years,she used a simple hook.It worked,1. it was not comfortable.One day,her father saw a video about a man who made 2. arms with a 3-D printer.He decided to try. They found a free design online and 3.a local library to print the parts.After a few tries,they got it right.The new arm fit Alice 4.She could hold things and even write with it!"This is 5.amazing,"she said. But the first arm broke after a month.Alice felt sad,but she didn't give up.Her father 6. a stronger design.They printed it again with better materials.This time,the arm lasted much longer. Now Alice can do almost everything 7.She can ride a bike,play games,and help her mother in the kitchen."I feel so 8."she said."The arm didn't just help me move;it gave me confidence." Her story shows that with 9. and creativity,we can solve big problems.10. _what matters most is the kindness behind the invention. 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. 五、写作 话题：My Hobby 提示 1.你的爱好是什么？ 2.你为什么喜欢它？ 3.你通常什么时候做这件事？ 4.它对你的生活有什么影响？ 要求：80词左右，语句通顺，语法正确。 参考答案 一、阅读理 A篇：1.D2.C3.B4.C5.B 解 B篇：1.B2.B3.B4.B5.C 二、完形填 1.B;2.A;3.B;4.B;5.B;6.B;7.A;8.B;9.A;10.C 空 三、阅读短 1.Many disabled people could not afford expensive wheelchairs. 文回答问题 2.Six months. 3.$200. 4.She felt happy /She smiled /She felt she could go anywhere. 5.A club to teach other students how to build wheelchairs. 四、短文填1.but2.robot3.helped4.easilv5.trulv6.invented7.he rself8.luckv9.abilitv