Unit 2 Success（复习讲义）英语北师大版选择性必修一册

该高中英语复习讲义通过表格系统梳理Unit 2 Success的复习要点与重难点，将动词-ing形式作主语宾语、定冠词用法等语法知识与成功话题词汇分模块呈现，构建“话题-词汇-语法-语用技能”的知识脉络，清晰展示重难点分布及内在逻辑联系。 讲义亮点在于“即时应用+综合输出”的练习设计，如词汇模块通过完成句子巩固symbol、appreciate等词的用法，语法部分结合动名词作主语宾语的填空练习，培养语言能力与思维品质。书面表达要求撰写成功人士生平，提供写作框架，基础学生可掌握传记要素，优秀学生能深入分析成功原因，助力教师实施分层教学，提升复习效率。

北师大版选择性必修第一册Unit 2 Success（复习讲义) 复习要点 1. 通过听、说、读、看、写等活动，谈论成功的要素，分析成功人士的性格特点及成功的原因； 2. 使用正确的动词-ing形式和定冠词来表达意义； 3. 使用准确恰当的词汇和表达方式来表达对事物的兴趣； 4. 写一个你钦佩的成功人士的生平事迹。 复习重难点 重点： 1. 动词的-ing形式作主语和宾语； 2. 定冠词和零冠词。 难点：按照人物传记的基本要素和要求，学会写一个你钦佩的成功人士的生平事迹 单元词汇 知识点1：symbol 原句：For a lot of people, becoming a millionaire is a symbol of success and they set this as their ultimate goal. 对于很多人来说，成为百万富翁是成功的象征，并将此作为最终目标。 【双语释义】 symbol n. ◆a person, an object, an event, etc. that represents a more general quality or situation 象征，标志 White has always been a symbol of purity in Western cultures. 在西方文化中，白色一向是纯洁的象征。 ◆a sign, number, letter, etc. that has a fixed meaning, especially in science, mathematics and music 符号，代号，记号 What is the chemical symbol for copper? 铜的化学符号是什么？ 【积累拓展】 ◆a symbol of sth …… 的象征 the symbol for sth …… 的符号，代号，记号 be symbolic of sth 象征性的 ◆symbolise vt. 象征；代表 【即时小练】 完成句子 1. The elephant is _______________________________________ (…… 的标志) Thailand. 2. Noodles are _______________________________________ (…… 的标志) long life in Chinese culture. 3. What is the chemical _______________________________________ (…… 的符号) mercury? 4. 大熊猫被认为是中国的象征。 The giant panda _______________________________________. 5. 鸽子是和平的象征。 The dove _______________________________________. 6. 他逐渐成为祖国为争取独立而斗争的象征。 He came to _______________________________________. 【答案】 1. a symbol of 2. a symbol of 3. symbol for 4. is regarded as the symbol of China 5. is symbolic of peace 6. symbolise his country's struggle for independence 知识点2：appreciate 原句：But Jason appreciates this change. 但是詹森喜欢这种变化。 【双语释义】 appreciate vt. ◆to recognise the good qualities of sb/sth 欣赏；赏识 The breakthrough is highly appreciated in the circle of science. 这个突破在科学界受到高度重视。 ◆to be grateful for sth that sb has done 感激，感谢 I appreciate your help. 我感激你的帮助。 I appreciate your giving me so much of your time. 我感激你给我投入了这么多时间。 I would much appreciate it if you could make it to attend my graduation ceremony. 如果你能来参加我的毕业典礼，我将感激不尽。 ◆to understand that sth is true 理解，意识到，领会 We didn’t fully appreciate that he was seriously ill. 我们没有充分认识到他病得很严重。 【积累拓展】 ◆常用搭配 appreciate sth/doing sth 感激 (做) 某事 appreciate it if sb do sth 如果某人做某事，不胜感激 appreciate sth/that… 赏识 / 重视、理解 / 认识某事 ◆同根词 appreciation n. 欣赏；理解；感谢；增值 appreciative adj. 感激的；欣赏的 be appreciative of sth 感激某物；欣赏某物 【即时小练】 在空白处填入括号内单词的正确形式 1. His talents are not fully _________________ (appreciate) in that company. 2. She shows little _________________ (appreciate) of good music. 3. The company was very _________________ (appreciate) of my efforts. 完成句子 4. 我非常感谢你的好意。 I ___________________________________________________ 5. 如果你能帮助我，我将不胜感激。 I ___________________________________________________ 6. 假如你支付现金的话，我会不胜感激。 I ___________________________________________________ 【答案】 1. appreciated 2. appreciation 3. appreciative 4. appreciate your kindness 5. would appreciate it if you could do me a favour 6. would appreciate it if you could pay in cash 知识点3：average 原句：I’d prefer to have three or four outstanding years of winning stuff than having ten years of being average. 我宁愿有三到四年的胜利辉煌，而不选择十年的平庸无为。 【双语释义】 average adj. ◆having qualities that are typical of most people or things 普通的；平常的；一般的 Perhaps you are an average student with average intelligence. However, you can still achieve success. 也许你就是一名智商平平的普通学生。但是，你还是可以成功的。 ◆calculated by adding several amounts together, finding a total, and dividing the total by the number of amounts 平均的 The car ran at an average speed of 100 miles per hour against the wind on the express way. 这辆汽车在高速公路上以平均每小时 100 英里的速度逆风行驶。 average n. 平均数；平均水平 ◆It takes an average of ten weeks for a house sale to be completed. 平均每 10 周才卖出一幢房子。 【积累拓展】 above/below average 高于 / 低于平均 on average 平均 an average of… …… 的平均数 【即时小练】 完成句子 1. _______________________________________ (普通学生) spends around 2 hours a day doing his/her homework. 2. He is _______________________________________ (中等身材). 3. _______________________________________ (通常), he works out in the gym for 2 hours every day. 4. If I get an A on this essay, that will bring _______________________________________ (我的平均成绩会提高到 B +). 【答案】 1. The average student 2. of average build 3. On average 4. my average (average mark/grade) up to B + 知识点4：convince 原句：Mm, you’ve convinced me to read this book! 唔，你说服我读这本书了！ 【双语释义】 convince vt. ◆to make sb/yourself believe that sth is true 使确信，使信服 I’d convinced myself that I was right. 我确信自己是正确的。 ◆to persuade sb to do sth 说服，劝服 (某人做某事) I have been trying to convince my teammates to accept my suggestion. 我一直在努力尝试说服我的队友接受我的建议。 【积累拓展】 convince sb of sth/that 使确信，使信服 be convinced of sth/that 坚信，深信，确信 convince sb to do sth 说服，劝服 (某人做某事) 【即时小练】 完成句子 1. I suppose you could help me ________________ (说服我的父亲) stop smoking. 2. ________________ (我坚信) that we can realise our target. 翻译句子 3. 医生劝我定期训练，因为我超重。 __________________________________________________________________________________________ 4. 你要使队友们相信你对这份工作的热情。 _________________________________________________________________________________________ 5. 我坚信人工智能的发展将会创造更辉煌的人类文明史。 __________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】 1. convince my father to 2. I am firmly convinced 3. The doctor convinced me to do regular exercise because I was overweight. 4. You'll need to convince your teammates of your enthusiasm for the job. 5. I am firmly convinced that the development of artificial intelligence will create a more splendid history of human civilizations. 知识点5：contribute 原句：She has been a volleyball star for more than thirty-five years and has contributed greatly to the sport… 她当了 35 年多的排球明星，并且为这项运动做出了巨大的贡献…… 【双语释义】 contribute vt. & vi. ◆to increase, improve or add to sth 增加；增进；添加 (到某物) ◆to write things for a newspaper, magazine, or a radio or television programme; to speak during a meeting or conversation, especially to give your opinion (为报纸、杂志、电台或电视节目) 撰稿；(在会议或会谈期间) 讲话，(尤指) 发表意见 【积累拓展】 ◆同根词 contribution n. [C] 捐款；捐资；贡献；(书、杂志、广播、讨论等部分内容的) 一则，一条，稿件；[U] 捐赠；捐助；(尤指) 捐款 ◆常用搭配 ◆用法提示 contribute to 中的 to 为介词，其后跟动词时应用动词 - ing 形式。 【即时小练】 在空白处填入 1 个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式 1. I hope your suggestion will contribute to ______________ (solve) the problem. 2. We suggest that you develop the daily habit of acknowledging others and praising them for any ______________ (contribute) that they make to your life. 3. Her family have contributed $50,000 ______________the charity organisation. 完成句子 4. 年轻人应该为国家的发展做贡献。 The young should ____________________________ the development of the country. 写作升级 (改为同义句) 5. Various factors contributed to the company’s downfall. Various factors __________________________________________ the company’s downfall. 【答案】 1. solving 2. contribution 3. to 4. make a contribution to/contribute to 5. resulted in/led to/were responsible for/caused/brought about 知识点6：devote 原句：For more than 50 years, he has devoted his life to rice production… 50 多年以来他一直致力于水稻种植…… 【积累拓展】 ◆同根词 devotion n. [U] 深爱，挚爱；奉献，忠心 ◆常用搭配 devote oneself to sb/sth 致力于；献身 devote...to... 把…… 用于…… be devoted to sb/sth 深爱某人 / 忠诚于某事 devotion to... 对…… 的忠诚 / 关爱 【即时小练】 在空白处填入 devote 的适当形式 1. The government ______________a large deal of money to the improvement of the schools in the underdeveloped area in the past years. 2. He is highly thought of because of his ______________to his duty. 3. The couple are ______________to each other. 4. ______________himself to community services, he was praised by the people around. 【答案】 1. has devoted 2. devotion 3. devoted 4. Devoting 知识点7：话题词汇拓展 1. honour (NAmE honor) n. 荣誉；尊敬；荣幸 vt. 感到荣幸 2. horrible adj. 令人震惊的；恐怖的；极坏的 3. possession n. 财产，财物，所有物 4. promise n. 保证，承诺；迹象，潜质 v. 许诺，保证 vt. 预示……可能发生 5. remarkable adj. 不寻常的；显著的；非凡的 6. temporary adj. 短期的，短暂的；临时的 7. aim n. 目的，目标 v. 力求达到，力争做到；瞄准 vt. 目的是 8. count v. 认为；看作；计算总数 vi. 数数；重要 vt. 把……算入；包括 9. expect vt. 期望，指望；认为；预料 10. fashion n. 时尚，时兴；流行款式 11. guilty adj. 内疚的，羞愧的；有罪的 12. influence n. 影响；影响力 vt. 影响；支配 13. lead v. 带路，引领；通向 vi. 导致，造成 14. necessary adj. 必要的，必需的；必然的 15. range n. 一系列；（变动或浮动的）范围，界限 vi.（在一定的范围内）变化；包括（各种不同的人或物） 16. replace vt.（以……）接替；取代；更换 17. retire v. 退休；（因伤）退出（比赛等） 18. stress n. 压力，紧张；强调；重读 vt. 强调；重读 v.（使）焦虑不安 单元语法：动名词的句法功能和冠词基本用法 动名词可以在句中作主语、宾语、表语和定语。 1. 作主语： 例如：Swimming is a good sport in summer. 　　　It is no use telling him not to worry. 2. 作宾语： 例如：Would you mind ringing me up tomorrow?（动词宾语） 　　　Thank you for offering me so much help.（介词宾语） 注意：有些词组中的to为介词，其后要加动名词作宾语，例如：be used to, look forward to, devote…to 等。 3. 作表语： 例如：My job is looking after the children. 　　　My favorite sport is playing basketball. 4. 作定语： 例如：swimming pool 　　　sleeping bag 冠词基本用法 1. 不定冠词 a/an 用于单数可数名词前，泛指某人、某事。 2. 第一次谈及某事，常用冠词 a/an。 3. 别人知道我们谈论的是哪个人、哪件事，并能很容易判定该人、该事时，常用冠词 the。 4. 世界上独一无二的事物前常用冠词 the。 5. 单数名词表示整个种类时，常用冠词 the。 6. the 与形容词连用表示具有同一个特征的群体，谓语动词用复数。 7. 泛指的复数名词和不可数名词前不用冠词。 【即时小练】 1. 用所给单词的适当形式填空。 1) ________ (ignore) the difference between the two research findings will be a mistake. 2) The film star wears sunglasses. Therefore, he can go shopping without ________(recognize). 3) It's quite hot today. Do you feel like ________ (go) for a swim? 4) Though ________ (work) from morning till night, they didn't get enough food. 5) It is a waste of time ________ (sit) here doing nothing. 6) It's no use ________(cry) over spilt milk. 7) She looks forward every spring to ________ (walk) in the flower-lined garden. 8) Babies enjoy ________(pat) before they go to sleep. 9) People often can't help ________ (persuade) into buying something they don't really need. 10) If you're thinking of buying a computer, I suggest ________ (do) a little homework first. 2. 根据提示完成下列句子。 1) ________ (设定一个目标) is a good start for people who want to succeed. 2) He is praised for ________ (奉献一生) to the country. 3) If you keep ________(练习说英语), you can learn English well. 4) Lydia really regrets ________ (辍学). She has really had to struggle to make a living because of that decision. 5) ________(每天走两小时) has made a considerable difference to my physical condition. 【答案】 1. 用所给单词的适当形式填空。 1) Ignoring 2) being recognized 3) going 4) working 5) to sit / sitting 6) crying 7) walking 8) being patted 9) being persuaded 10) doing 2. 根据提示完成下列句子。 1) Setting a goal 2) devoting / contributing his whole life 3) practicing speaking English 4) dropping out of school 5) Walking for two hours a day / daily （时间：60分钟） 1、 单词拼写 Ⅰ. 根据首字母或中文提示填写单词。（共10小题；每小题1分，共10分） 1. I deeply ________ (感激) your support and continued encouragement during tough times. 【答案】appreciate 【解析】句意：在艰难时期，我十分感激你的支持与持续鼓励。本句为主谓宾结构，主语I，时态为一般现在时，appreciate意为“感激”，符合语境，故填appreciate。 2. We all want to live c________ and safely in our community, so here are some rules to follow. 【答案】comfortably 【解析】句意：我们都希望在社区舒适、安全地生活，以下是一些需要遵守的规定。空格与safely并列，需填入副词修饰动词live；结合首字母，comfortably“舒适地”符合题意，故填comfortably。 3. D________ to charity work, he gave away most of his money to homeless people in the streets. 【答案】Devoted 【解析】句意：投身慈善事业，他把大部分钱捐给了街上无家可归的人。固定搭配be devoted to“致力于；投身于”，此处形容词短语作状语，省略be动词，句首首字母大写，故填Devoted。 4. They found it hard ________ (说服) the little boy of the importance of enough sleep. 【答案】to persuade 【解析】句意：他们发现很难让小男孩明白充足睡眠的重要性。固定结构find it hard to do sth.，it作形式宾语；persuade sb. of sth. 使某人相信某事，故填to persuade。 5. You can ________ (跳过) the first chapter and read only those passages which concern you. 【答案】skip 【解析】句意：你可以跳过第一章，只读和你相关的段落。情态动词can后接动词原形，skip意为“跳过”，故填skip。 6. The ________ (出版商) have planned to produce the journal on a weekly basis. 【答案】publishers 【解析】句意：出版商计划每周发行这本期刊。谓语动词have为复数形式，主语需要用复数名词；publisher“出版商”，复数形式publishers，故填publishers。 7. We had no rain for 4 months and the harvest was r________. 【答案】ruined 【解析】句意：我们这里连续四个月没有下雨，收成遭到毁坏。结合语境与首字母，ruin“毁坏”；本句为被动语态be ruined，故填ruined。 8. Many of the i________ in the traffic accident are still in a serious condition. 【答案】injured 【解析】句意：这场交通事故中的许多伤者情况依然危重。“the + 形容词”表示一类人，the injured 伤者，符合语境，故填injured。 9. In this test, we are asked to write a passage about 100 to 200 words in l________. 【答案】length 【解析】句意：在这次测试中，要求我们写一篇篇幅长度在100至200词的短文。固定短语in length “在长度上”，结合首字母，故填length。 10. It's totally ________ (正常的) to feel nervous and stressed before a job interview. 【答案】normal 【解析】句意：面试前感到紧张、有压力是完全正常的。固定句型It’s + adj. + to do sth.，normal“正常的”作表语，故填normal。 2、 阅读理解 William had worked hard to pass the exams to enter high school. When the term began, however, his father told him that there was no money to pay for his school fees because of the summer drought. Still, William wanted to learn. He made the village library his school. One day, he found a book called Using Energy. On the book’s cover was a picture of windmills, tall steel towers with blades (叶片) spinning like giant fans. He learned that wind—something of which his hometown had plenty—could produce electricity. He couldn’t help picturing his own windmill in mind, but collecting the parts and tools he needed would take months. In a junkyard, he dug through piles of used metal, old cars, and worn-out tractors, searching for anything that might help him construct his machine. He made four-foot-long blades from plastic pipe, which he melted over a fire, flattened out, and hardened with bamboo poles. Earning some money, he paid a blacksmith to attach the piston (活塞) to the pedal sprocket (踏板链轮) of an old bicycle frame. This would be the axle (轮轴) of the windmill. When the wind blew, the spinning blades would turn the bicycle wheel and spin a small dynamo (发电机), donated by his friend. When he had collected all the parts, William began putting them together. He fixed the blades to the tractor fan he found, using washers (垫圈) he’d made from bottle caps. Next he pushed the fan onto the piston joint to the bicycle frame. With the help of his two best friends, William built a 16-foot-tall tower from trunks of trees and lifted the ninety-pound windmill to the top. The big moments eventually came. He climbed up the tower and connected two wires that held a small bulb. As the wind whipped around him, the blades began to turn, slowly at first, then faster and faster. The light bulb flickered (闪烁), then flashed to life. The crowd cheered from below. “Wachitabwina (well done)!” William’s machine now powered his house. And the story of the boy who’d built a power-generating windmill to rescue his family from the drought spread across the Internet. 1. After reading Using Energy, what did William decide to do? A. Make use of wind. B. Enter a high school. C. Build a village library. D. Learn to survive a drought. 2. According to Para.3, which of the following word can best describe William? A. Humorous. B. Determined. C Cooperative. D. Friendly. 3. What can you learn about William’s machine? A. It was built by villagers. B. It worked at the first attempt. C. It took him years to complete it. D. It was made from metal materials. 4. What is the best title for the passage? A. Winds Of Hope B. Ideas Worth Spreading C. Learning from Experience D. Windmills for Villages 【答案】1. A 2. B 3. B 4. A 【解析】 【分析】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了，辍学的威廉不能去学校，他把村图书馆作为他的学校，看到了《使用能量》这本书，他运用从书中所学的知识建造了一个发电风车来帮助他的家人摆脱干旱。 【1题详解】 细节理解题。结合上文“威廉看到了《使用能量》这本书后，收集零件建造发电风车”和倒数第二段中的“As the wind whipped around him, the blades began to turn, slowly at first, then faster and faster. The light bulb flickered (闪烁), then flashed to life.”（当风吹来时，刀刃开始慢慢地转动，然后越来越快。灯泡闪烁，然后闪着生命。），可知威廉读了《使用能量》之后，决定建造发电风车，利用风来发电，最后成功了。故选A项。 【2题详解】 推理判断题。由第三段中的“He couldn’t help picturing his own windmill in mind, but collecting the parts and tools he needed would take months. In a junkyard, he dug through piles of used metal, old cars, and worn-out tractors, searching for anything that might help him construct his machine.”（他忍不住想象自己的风车，但收集他需要的零件和工具需要几个月。在一个垃圾场，他挖了成堆的旧金属、旧车和破旧的拖拉机，寻找任何能帮助他建造机器的东西。）和第四段中的“Earning some money, he paid a blacksmith to attach the piston (活塞) to the pedal sprocket (踏板链轮) of an old bicycle frame.”（他挣了些钱，付钱给一个铁匠把活塞装到旧自行车架上的踏板链轮上。），结合上文可知，因为没钱，威廉辍学，但看了《使用能量》这本书后，他决定建造发电风车，他花了几个月时间在垃圾场收集需要的零件，又赚钱请人帮忙，最后终于成功建造了发电风车，纵使困难重重，威廉并未放弃，说明他是一个意志坚定的（Determined）人。故选B项。 【3题详解】 细节理解题。由倒数第二段中的“As the wind whipped around him, the blades began to turn, slowly at first, then faster and faster. The light bulb flickered (闪烁), then flashed to life.”（当风吹来时，刀刃开始慢慢地转动，然后越来越快。灯泡闪烁，然后闪着生命。），可知威廉建造的发电风车第一次就成功发电了。故选B项。 【4题详解】 主旨大意题。第一段讲“因为没钱，威廉辍学了，但他还想学习”，第二段讲“看了《使用能量》这本书后，他决定建造发电风车”，第三四段讲“威廉收集建造发电风车的零件和工具”，第五六段讲“威廉建造的发电风车成功发电了”，最后一段讲“威廉建造的发电风车帮助他的家人摆脱了干旱”，可知文章主要讲威廉运用从书中所学的知识建造了一个发电风车，利用风来发电，帮助他的家人摆脱干旱的故事，可以说是风带来了希望，拯救了他们，A项“希望之风”符合文意。故选A项。 3、 完形填空 It was summer 2019 in Aurora, Colorado, when CBS News first met Finn Lanning, a math teacher, and Damien, his student who always stood out. Lanning was astonished when Damien told him he was not coming back to ___1___. He sat Damien down and found out what his story was. He learned that Damien had a ___2___ in heart and was in foster (寄养) care because social services couldn’t find a foster family willing and able to meet his medical needs. He was ___3___ to leave school and move into a hospital. But the real ___4___ was that Damien needed a transplant desperately. A lot of times it’s ___5___ to get a transplant if someone doesn’t have a stable home to return to after surgery. “It ___6___ me like a ton of bricks. I mean, you just can’t sit across from somebody you care about and hear them say something like that and know that you have room to help,” Lanning said. That’s how Lanning became a foster parent. He ___7___ Damien even though he’d been a confirmed bachelor (单身汉) who delighted in his childlessness. They got along smoothly, although Damien refused to get too excited. “I’m afraid the bubbles will burst one day. It’s kind of bad thinking about that, but some people actually do that. Like, they’ll be happy with you one day and then just kick you out the next,” Damien said. Lanning told him he’s not going anywhere, ___8___ Damien believes it or not. In the nearly two years since CBS News shared their story, Damien was able to get a transplant and he’s a much ___9___ 15-year-old. “It’s like a dream come true,” Damien said. It’s proof that sometimes ____10____ do end happily ever after. 1. A. school B. hospital C. community D. family 2. A. failure B. risk C. disease D. change 3. A. informed B. forced C. invited D. followed 4. A. trouble B. danger C. threat D. fight 5. A. hopeful B. unsuitable C. important D. hard 6. A. hurt B. hit C. touched D. affected 7. A. called in B. believed in C. gave in D. took in 8. A. whether B. whatever C. wherever D. whenever 9. A. politer B. braver C. healthier D. warmer 10. A. miracles B. accidents C. fairytales D. surprises 【答案】1. A 2. C 3. B 4. A 5. D 6. B 7. D 8. A 9. C 10. C 【解析】 【分析】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了，学生达米恩（Damien）有心脏病，被迫离开学校住进医院，数学老师芬恩·兰宁（Finn Lanning）得知情况后，收养了达米恩，让达米恩移植手术后呆在自己家里安心修养。 【1题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：当达米恩告诉兰宁他不回学校时，他很惊讶。A. school学校；B. hospital医院；C. community社区；D. family家庭。由下文的“leave school and move into a hospital”可知，达米恩要离开学校住进医院，说明达米恩不回学校了。故选A项。 【2题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：他得知达米安有心脏病，正在寄养中心，因为社会服务机构找不到愿意和能够满足他医疗需求的寄养家庭。A. failure失败；B. risk危险；C. disease疾病；D. change变化。由下文的“Damien needed a transplant desperately”可知，达米恩急需移植，说明达米恩心脏上有病。故选C项。 【3题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：他被迫离开学校住进医院。A. informed通知；B. forced迫使；C. invited邀请；D. followed跟随。由上下文语境可知，达米恩心脏上有病且急需移植手术，是因为身体健康原因才被迫离开学校住进医院的。故选B项。 【4题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：但真正的问题是达米恩急需移植。A. trouble问题；B. danger危险；C. threat威胁；D. fight斗争。由下文的“Damien needed a transplant desperately”可知，生病的达米恩急需移植手术，这才是真正的问题。故选A项。 【5题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：很多时候，如果一个人术后没有稳定的家可回，很难接受移植手术。A. hopeful有希望的；B. unsuitable不合适的；C. important重要的；D. hard困难的。由下文的“to get a transplant if someone doesn’t have a stable home to return to after surgery”可知，术后没有稳定的家可回，即没有稳定的康复环境，那么是很难接受移植手术的。故选D项。 【6题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：它像一堆砖头砸在我身上。A. hurt伤害；B. hit打击；C. touched触摸；D. affected影响。由上文语境可知，数学老师兰宁得知达米恩不回学校时，就很惊讶了，又得知达米恩是因为生病不回学校，且急需移植手术但没有稳定的康复环境，兰宁更是感到难过心疼，感觉有一堆砖砸在自己身上（暗指难受）。故选B项。 【7题详解】 考查动词短语辨析。句意：他收留了达米恩，尽管他是一个坚定的单身汉，对自己没有孩子感到高兴。A. called in顺路拜访；B. believed in相信；C. gave in投降；D. took in收留。由上文的“Lanning became a foster parent”可知，兰宁成了达米恩的养父，说明兰宁收留了达米恩。故选D项。 【8题详解】 考查连词词义辨析。句意：兰宁告诉他他哪儿也不去，不管达米恩信不信。A. whether是否，不论；B. whatever无论什么；C. wherever无论哪里；D. whenever无论何时。由上文的“I’m afraid the bubbles will burst one day.”，“Like, they’ll be happy with you one day and then just kick you out the next”和“Lanning told him he’s not going anywhere”可知，达米恩认为兰宁对他的照顾不牢靠，认为兰宁有一天会把他赶走，说明达米恩不信任兰宁会一直照顾他，但兰宁说会一直照顾达米恩，不管他信不信。故选A项。 【9题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：在哥伦比亚广播公司新闻台分享他们的故事后的近两年里，达米恩成功接受了移植手术，他现在是一个健康得多的15岁孩子。A. politer更礼貌的；B. braver更勇敢的；C. healthier更健康的；D. warmer更温暖的。由上文的“Damien was able to get a transplant”可知，达米恩成功接受了移植手术，病好了，人就会健康得多了。故选C项。 【10题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：这就证明了童话故事有时真的会从此幸福地结束。A. miracles奇迹；B. accidents事故；C. fairytales童话；D. surprises惊喜。由上文语境可知，学生达米恩有心脏病，被迫离开学校住进医院，急需移植手术但没有稳定的康复环境。数学老师芬恩·兰宁得知情况后，收养了达米恩，让达米恩移植手术后呆在自己家里安心修养，两个毫无亲缘关系的人和谐地相处，达米恩成功接受了移植手术，人也健康得多了，这就像童话故事一样有幸福结局。故选C项。 四、书面表达 假如你是本校学生李华，刚刚学完第二单元“Success”中的“Top Five Secrets Of Success”，你深有感触。请写一封电子邮件就这一话题与笔友Sam进行交流，内容要求如下： 1. 你认为五个秘诀中哪个最重要并说明理由； 2. 询问对方看法。 Dear Sam, ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ Yours, Li Hua 【参考范文】 Dear Sam, How are you doing? Recently, I’ve learnt a passage entitled “Top Five Secrets of Success” and I have much to share with you about it. Among five secrets, what I think is the most important to succeed is hard work. No pains, no gains. Through the efforts, people will accumulate more experience. None can make progress without any efforts. Thus, if you want to be successful, you ought to work hard. Have you ever heard of the story of Tu Youyou? She is such a great scientist who has been awarded the Nobel Prize for her discovery of artemisinin. During the process, she insisted on working in the poor conditions. However hard it was, she kept going. Finally, she made it, and was selected as one of the most influential figures in the 21st century. What do you think is the secret of success? If you have a different opinion, don’t hesitate to let me know. Looking forward to your early reply. Yours, Li Hua 【导语】 本文为议论文类书信。作者李华写信向好友Sam分享文章《成功的五大秘诀》，阐明自己认为努力是成功最重要的秘诀，引用屠呦呦事例进行论证，最后征求对方观点，文章结构清晰，观点鲜明。 【详解】 1. Recently, I’ve learnt a passage entitled “Top Five Secrets of Success” and I have much to share with you about it. entitled 为过去分词作后置定语，修饰passage；固定搭配share sth with sb，表示“和某人分享某物”，开篇自然引出写作话题。 2. Among five secrets, what I think is the most important to succeed is hard work. what引导主语从句，提升句式层次；谚语No pains, no gains.（一分耕耘一分收获）增加文采。 3. She is such a great scientist who has been awarded the Nobel Prize for her discovery of artemisinin. who引导定语从句修饰scientist；be awarded the prize 获得奖项，选用屠呦呦经典事例支撑论点，说服力强。 4. However hard it was, she kept going. however引导让步状语从句，等同于no matter how，属于高级语法结构。 5. If you have a different opinion, don’t hesitate to let me know. don’t hesitate to do sth 为书信高频句型，表示“尽管做某事”，自然收尾、交流观点。 【点睛】 ① 文章结构层次分明：引入话题→亮出观点→举例论证→交流看法； ② 灵活使用主语从句、定语从句、让步状语从句，句式丰富； ③ 恰当运用谚语、名人实例，增强文章说服力； ④ 重点短语积累：entitled 题为；accumulate experience 积累经验；insist on doing 坚持做；make it 成功；don’t hesitate to do 尽管…… 6 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！ 1 / 27 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 北师大版选择性必修第一册Unit 2 Success（复习讲义) 复习要点 1. 通过听、说、读、看、写等活动，谈论成功的要素，分析成功人士的性格特点及成功的原因； 2. 使用正确的动词-ing形式和定冠词来表达意义； 3. 使用准确恰当的词汇和表达方式来表达对事物的兴趣； 4. 写一个你钦佩的成功人士的生平事迹。 复习重难点 重点： 1. 动词的-ing形式作主语和宾语； 2. 定冠词和零冠词。 难点：按照人物传记的基本要素和要求，学会写一个你钦佩的成功人士的生平事迹 单元词汇 知识点1：symbol 原句：For a lot of people, becoming a millionaire is a symbol of success and they set this as their ultimate goal. 对于很多人来说，成为百万富翁是成功的象征，并将此作为最终目标。 【双语释义】 symbol n. ◆a person, an object, an event, etc. that represents a more general quality or situation 象征，标志 White has always been a symbol of purity in Western cultures. 在西方文化中，白色一向是纯洁的象征。 ◆a sign, number, letter, etc. that has a fixed meaning, especially in science, mathematics and music 符号，代号，记号 What is the chemical symbol for copper? 铜的化学符号是什么？ 【积累拓展】 ◆a symbol of sth …… 的象征 the symbol for sth …… 的符号，代号，记号 be symbolic of sth 象征性的 ◆symbolise vt. 象征；代表 【即时小练】 完成句子 1. The elephant is _______________________________________ (…… 的标志) Thailand. 2. Noodles are _______________________________________ (…… 的标志) long life in Chinese culture. 3. What is the chemical _______________________________________ (…… 的符号) mercury? 4. 大熊猫被认为是中国的象征。 The giant panda _______________________________________. 5. 鸽子是和平的象征。 The dove _______________________________________. 6. 他逐渐成为祖国为争取独立而斗争的象征。 He came to _______________________________________. 知识点2：appreciate 原句：But Jason appreciates this change. 但是詹森喜欢这种变化。 【双语释义】 appreciate vt. ◆to recognise the good qualities of sb/sth 欣赏；赏识 The breakthrough is highly appreciated in the circle of science. 这个突破在科学界受到高度重视。 ◆to be grateful for sth that sb has done 感激，感谢 I appreciate your help. 我感激你的帮助。 I appreciate your giving me so much of your time. 我感激你给我投入了这么多时间。 I would much appreciate it if you could make it to attend my graduation ceremony. 如果你能来参加我的毕业典礼，我将感激不尽。 ◆to understand that sth is true 理解，意识到，领会 We didn’t fully appreciate that he was seriously ill. 我们没有充分认识到他病得很严重。 【积累拓展】 ◆常用搭配 appreciate sth/doing sth 感激 (做) 某事 appreciate it if sb do sth 如果某人做某事，不胜感激 appreciate sth/that… 赏识 / 重视、理解 / 认识某事 ◆同根词 appreciation n. 欣赏；理解；感谢；增值 appreciative adj. 感激的；欣赏的 be appreciative of sth 感激某物；欣赏某物 【即时小练】 在空白处填入括号内单词的正确形式 1. His talents are not fully _________________ (appreciate) in that company. 2. She shows little _________________ (appreciate) of good music. 3. The company was very _________________ (appreciate) of my efforts. 完成句子 4. 我非常感谢你的好意。 I ___________________________________________________ 5. 如果你能帮助我，我将不胜感激。 I ___________________________________________________ 6. 假如你支付现金的话，我会不胜感激。 I ___________________________________________________ 知识点3：average 原句：I’d prefer to have three or four outstanding years of winning stuff than having ten years of being average. 我宁愿有三到四年的胜利辉煌，而不选择十年的平庸无为。 【双语释义】 average adj. ◆having qualities that are typical of most people or things 普通的；平常的；一般的 Perhaps you are an average student with average intelligence. However, you can still achieve success. 也许你就是一名智商平平的普通学生。但是，你还是可以成功的。 ◆calculated by adding several amounts together, finding a total, and dividing the total by the number of amounts 平均的 The car ran at an average speed of 100 miles per hour against the wind on the express way. 这辆汽车在高速公路上以平均每小时 100 英里的速度逆风行驶。 average n. 平均数；平均水平 ◆It takes an average of ten weeks for a house sale to be completed. 平均每 10 周才卖出一幢房子。 【积累拓展】 above/below average 高于 / 低于平均 on average 平均 an average of… …… 的平均数 【即时小练】 完成句子 1. _______________________________________ (普通学生) spends around 2 hours a day doing his/her homework. 2. He is _______________________________________ (中等身材). 3. _______________________________________ (通常), he works out in the gym for 2 hours every day. 4. If I get an A on this essay, that will bring _______________________________________ (我的平均成绩会提高到 B +). 知识点4：convince 原句：Mm, you’ve convinced me to read this book! 唔，你说服我读这本书了！ 【双语释义】 convince vt. ◆to make sb/yourself believe that sth is true 使确信，使信服 I’d convinced myself that I was right. 我确信自己是正确的。 ◆to persuade sb to do sth 说服，劝服 (某人做某事) I have been trying to convince my teammates to accept my suggestion. 我一直在努力尝试说服我的队友接受我的建议。 【积累拓展】 convince sb of sth/that 使确信，使信服 be convinced of sth/that 坚信，深信，确信 convince sb to do sth 说服，劝服 (某人做某事) 【即时小练】 完成句子 1. I suppose you could help me ________________ (说服我的父亲) stop smoking. 2. ________________ (我坚信) that we can realise our target. 翻译句子 3. 医生劝我定期训练，因为我超重。 __________________________________________________________________________________________ 4. 你要使队友们相信你对这份工作的热情。 _________________________________________________________________________________________ 5. 我坚信人工智能的发展将会创造更辉煌的人类文明史。 __________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】 知识点5：contribute 原句：She has been a volleyball star for more than thirty-five years and has contributed greatly to the sport… 她当了 35 年多的排球明星，并且为这项运动做出了巨大的贡献…… 【双语释义】 contribute vt. & vi. ◆to increase, improve or add to sth 增加；增进；添加 (到某物) ◆to write things for a newspaper, magazine, or a radio or television programme; to speak during a meeting or conversation, especially to give your opinion (为报纸、杂志、电台或电视节目) 撰稿；(在会议或会谈期间) 讲话，(尤指) 发表意见 【积累拓展】 ◆同根词 contribution n. [C] 捐款；捐资；贡献；(书、杂志、广播、讨论等部分内容的) 一则，一条，稿件；[U] 捐赠；捐助；(尤指) 捐款 ◆常用搭配 ◆用法提示 contribute to 中的 to 为介词，其后跟动词时应用动词 - ing 形式。 【即时小练】 在空白处填入 1 个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式 1. I hope your suggestion will contribute to ______________ (solve) the problem. 2. We suggest that you develop the daily habit of acknowledging others and praising them for any ______________ (contribute) that they make to your life. 3. Her family have contributed $50,000 ______________the charity organisation. 完成句子 4. 年轻人应该为国家的发展做贡献。 The young should ____________________________ the development of the country. 写作升级 (改为同义句) 5. Various factors contributed to the company’s downfall. Various factors __________________________________________ the company’s downfall. 【答案】 知识点6：devote 原句：For more than 50 years, he has devoted his life to rice production… 50 多年以来他一直致力于水稻种植…… 【积累拓展】 ◆同根词 devotion n. [U] 深爱，挚爱；奉献，忠心 ◆常用搭配 devote oneself to sb/sth 致力于；献身 devote...to... 把…… 用于…… be devoted to sb/sth 深爱某人 / 忠诚于某事 devotion to... 对…… 的忠诚 / 关爱 【即时小练】 在空白处填入 devote 的适当形式 1. The government ______________a large deal of money to the improvement of the schools in the underdeveloped area in the past years. 2. He is highly thought of because of his ______________to his duty. 3. The couple are ______________to each other. 4. ______________himself to community services, he was praised by the people around. 知识点7：话题词汇拓展 1. honour (NAmE honor) n. 荣誉；尊敬；荣幸 vt. 感到荣幸 2. horrible adj. 令人震惊的；恐怖的；极坏的 3. possession n. 财产，财物，所有物 4. promise n. 保证，承诺；迹象，潜质 v. 许诺，保证 vt. 预示……可能发生 5. remarkable adj. 不寻常的；显著的；非凡的 6. temporary adj. 短期的，短暂的；临时的 7. aim n. 目的，目标 v. 力求达到，力争做到；瞄准 vt. 目的是 8. count v. 认为；看作；计算总数 vi. 数数；重要 vt. 把……算入；包括 9. expect vt. 期望，指望；认为；预料 10. fashion n. 时尚，时兴；流行款式 11. guilty adj. 内疚的，羞愧的；有罪的 12. influence n. 影响；影响力 vt. 影响；支配 13. lead v. 带路，引领；通向 vi. 导致，造成 14. necessary adj. 必要的，必需的；必然的 15. range n. 一系列；（变动或浮动的）范围，界限 vi.（在一定的范围内）变化；包括（各种不同的人或物） 16. replace vt.（以……）接替；取代；更换 17. retire v. 退休；（因伤）退出（比赛等） 18. stress n. 压力，紧张；强调；重读 vt. 强调；重读 v.（使）焦虑不安 单元语法：动名词的句法功能和冠词基本用法 动名词可以在句中作主语、宾语、表语和定语。 1. 作主语： 例如：Swimming is a good sport in summer. 　　　It is no use telling him not to worry. 2. 作宾语： 例如：Would you mind ringing me up tomorrow?（动词宾语） 　　　Thank you for offering me so much help.（介词宾语） 注意：有些词组中的to为介词，其后要加动名词作宾语，例如：be used to, look forward to, devote…to 等。 3. 作表语： 例如：My job is looking after the children. 　　　My favorite sport is playing basketball. 4. 作定语： 例如：swimming pool 　　　sleeping bag 冠词基本用法 1. 不定冠词 a/an 用于单数可数名词前，泛指某人、某事。 2. 第一次谈及某事，常用冠词 a/an。 3. 别人知道我们谈论的是哪个人、哪件事，并能很容易判定该人、该事时，常用冠词 the。 4. 世界上独一无二的事物前常用冠词 the。 5. 单数名词表示整个种类时，常用冠词 the。 6. the 与形容词连用表示具有同一个特征的群体，谓语动词用复数。 7. 泛指的复数名词和不可数名词前不用冠词。 【即时小练】 1. 用所给单词的适当形式填空。 1) ________ (ignore) the difference between the two research findings will be a mistake. 2) The film star wears sunglasses. Therefore, he can go shopping without ________(recognize). 3) It's quite hot today. Do you feel like ________ (go) for a swim? 4) Though ________ (work) from morning till night, they didn't get enough food. 5) It is a waste of time ________ (sit) here doing nothing. 6) It's no use ________(cry) over spilt milk. 7) She looks forward every spring to ________ (walk) in the flower-lined garden. 8) Babies enjoy ________(pat) before they go to sleep. 9) People often can't help ________ (persuade) into buying something they don't really need. 10) If you're thinking of buying a computer, I suggest ________ (do) a little homework first. 2. 根据提示完成下列句子。 1) ________ (设定一个目标) is a good start for people who want to succeed. 2) He is praised for ________ (奉献一生) to the country. 3) If you keep ________(练习说英语), you can learn English well. 4) Lydia really regrets ________ (辍学). She has really had to struggle to make a living because of that decision. 5) ________(每天走两小时) has made a considerable difference to my physical condition. （时间：60分钟） 1、 单词拼写 Ⅰ. 根据首字母或中文提示填写单词。（共10小题；每小题1分，共10分） 1. I deeply ________ (感激) your support and continued encouragement during tough times. 2. We all want to live c________ and safely in our community, so here are some rules to follow. 3. D________ to charity work, he gave away most of his money to homeless people in the streets. 4. They found it hard ________ (说服) the little boy of the importance of enough sleep. 5. You can ________ (跳过) the first chapter and read only those passages which concern you. 6. The ________ (出版商) have planned to produce the journal on a weekly basis. 7. We had no rain for 4 months and the harvest was r________. 8. Many of the i________ in the traffic accident are still in a serious condition. 9. In this test, we are asked to write a passage about 100 to 200 words in l________. 10. It's totally ________ (正常的) to feel nervous and stressed before a job interview. 2、 阅读理解 William had worked hard to pass the exams to enter high school. When the term began, however, his father told him that there was no money to pay for his school fees because of the summer drought. Still, William wanted to learn. He made the village library his school. One day, he found a book called Using Energy. On the book’s cover was a picture of windmills, tall steel towers with blades (叶片) spinning like giant fans. He learned that wind—something of which his hometown had plenty—could produce electricity. He couldn’t help picturing his own windmill in mind, but collecting the parts and tools he needed would take months. In a junkyard, he dug through piles of used metal, old cars, and worn-out tractors, searching for anything that might help him construct his machine. He made four-foot-long blades from plastic pipe, which he melted over a fire, flattened out, and hardened with bamboo poles. Earning some money, he paid a blacksmith to attach the piston (活塞) to the pedal sprocket (踏板链轮) of an old bicycle frame. This would be the axle (轮轴) of the windmill. When the wind blew, the spinning blades would turn the bicycle wheel and spin a small dynamo (发电机), donated by his friend. When he had collected all the parts, William began putting them together. He fixed the blades to the tractor fan he found, using washers (垫圈) he’d made from bottle caps. Next he pushed the fan onto the piston joint to the bicycle frame. With the help of his two best friends, William built a 16-foot-tall tower from trunks of trees and lifted the ninety-pound windmill to the top. The big moments eventually came. He climbed up the tower and connected two wires that held a small bulb. As the wind whipped around him, the blades began to turn, slowly at first, then faster and faster. The light bulb flickered (闪烁), then flashed to life. The crowd cheered from below. “Wachitabwina (well done)!” William’s machine now powered his house. And the story of the boy who’d built a power-generating windmill to rescue his family from the drought spread across the Internet. 1. After reading Using Energy, what did William decide to do? A. Make use of wind. B. Enter a high school. C. Build a village library. D. Learn to survive a drought. 2. According to Para.3, which of the following word can best describe William? A. Humorous. B. Determined. C Cooperative. D. Friendly. 3. What can you learn about William’s machine? A. It was built by villagers. B. It worked at the first attempt. C. It took him years to complete it. D. It was made from metal materials. 4. What is the best title for the passage? A. Winds Of Hope B. Ideas Worth Spreading C. Learning from Experience D. Windmills for Villages 3、 完形填空 It was summer 2019 in Aurora, Colorado, when CBS News first met Finn Lanning, a math teacher, and Damien, his student who always stood out. Lanning was astonished when Damien told him he was not coming back to ___1___. He sat Damien down and found out what his story was. He learned that Damien had a ___2___ in heart and was in foster (寄养) care because social services couldn’t find a foster family willing and able to meet his medical needs. He was ___3___ to leave school and move into a hospital. But the real ___4___ was that Damien needed a transplant desperately. A lot of times it’s ___5___ to get a transplant if someone doesn’t have a stable home to return to after surgery. “It ___6___ me like a ton of bricks. I mean, you just can’t sit across from somebody you care about and hear them say something like that and know that you have room to help,” Lanning said. That’s how Lanning became a foster parent. He ___7___ Damien even though he’d been a confirmed bachelor (单身汉) who delighted in his childlessness. They got along smoothly, although Damien refused to get too excited. “I’m afraid the bubbles will burst one day. It’s kind of bad thinking about that, but some people actually do that. Like, they’ll be happy with you one day and then just kick you out the next,” Damien said. Lanning told him he’s not going anywhere, ___8___ Damien believes it or not. In the nearly two years since CBS News shared their story, Damien was able to get a transplant and he’s a much ___9___ 15-year-old. “It’s like a dream come true,” Damien said. It’s proof that sometimes ____10____ do end happily ever after. 1. A. school B. hospital C. community D. family 2. A. failure B. risk C. disease D. change 3. A. informed B. forced C. invited D. followed 4. A. trouble B. danger C. threat D. fight 5. A. hopeful B. unsuitable C. important D. hard 6. A. hurt B. hit C. touched D. affected 7. A. called in B. believed in C. gave in D. took in 8. A. whether B. whatever C. wherever D. whenever 9. A. politer B. braver C. healthier D. warmer 10. A. miracles B. accidents C. fairytales D. surprises 四、书面表达 假如你是本校学生李华，刚刚学完第二单元“Success”中的“Top Five Secrets Of Success”，你深有感触。请写一封电子邮件就这一话题与笔友Sam进行交流，内容要求如下： 1. 你认为五个秘诀中哪个最重要并说明理由； 2. 询问对方看法。 Dear Sam, ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ Yours, Li Hua 6 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！ 1 / 27 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $