内容正文:
专题1 定语、宾语、状语、主语从句
2027版山东省(春季高考)
《英语二轮讲练测》复习课件
01
考情总结
02
真题动向
03
必备知识
04
命题预测
2
01
考情总结
3
考查内容 年份及题号 对应题型
定语从句(who/which/where/when/whose) 2021(12、19);2022(7、21);2023(5、18);2024(9、22);2025(6、17) 单选、短文填空
介词 + which 拔高定语从句 2024(22);2025(17) 单选
宾语从句(陈述语序 if/whether/what/how) 2021(8、23);2022(11);2023(13、20);2024(16);2025(9、21) 单选、补全对话
考查内容 年份及题号 对应题型
宾语从句时态倒退(主句过去式) 2023(20);2025(21) 单选
条件状语从句(主将从现) 2021(15);2022(16);2023(11);2024(13);2025(12) 单选、短文填空
时间状语从句(not…until/as soon as) 2022(14);2024(11) 单选
考查内容 年份及题号 对应题型
原因 / 让步状语(because/although) 2021(17);2023(16);2025(14) 单选、补全对话
主语从句 2021(17) 单选
命题轨迹透视:
近五年(2021-2025)山东春考,试卷中考查复合句的小题总计26道。
定语从句:每年固定1次基础考查,2024、2025新增"介词+which"拔高独立考次
宾语从句:拆分为陈述语序、if/whether辨析、主句过去式时态倒退3个独立考向
状语从句:分为条件(主将从现)、时间(not...until)、让步(although)、原因(because)四类独立考次
命题趋势:
单一连词辨析逐年减少,三大从句混合嵌套语境题增多。单选、短文填空、补全对话、书面写作四大题型均要求掌握复合句运用,是二轮语法核心提分专题。
02
【考点1:定语从句】
8
【真题动向】
1.(2021山东春考单选第12题)
The intern ________ stands beside the manager majors in hotel service.
A. which B. who C. whose D. what
【答案】B
【解析】先行词the intern指人,从句缺少主语,用关系代词who;which只指代事物,what不引导定语从句。
【真题动向】
2.(2023山东春考单选第5题)
I will never forget the day ________ we took part in the city skill match.
A. which B. when C. where D. whose
【答案】B
【解析】先行词the day为时间名词,从句主谓完整,缺时间状语,用关系副词when。
【真题动向】
3.(2024山东春考单选第22题)
This is the training workshop ________ we learned auto repair skills last month.
A. which B. in which C. what D. whose
【答案】B
【解析】固定搭配in the workshop,介词提前搭配which,为近两年拔高独立考次难点。
【真题动向】
4.(2025山东春考短文填空49空)
The girl ________ mother works as a cook won the service prize.
【答案】whose
【解析】whose作定语,表"……的",表所属关系定语从句。
【必备知识】
知识1 定语从句基础概念
修饰名词/代词的从句,被修饰词叫先行词;引导词分两类:关系代词(who/whom/which/that/whose)、关系副词(when/where/why)。
知识2 关系代词用法(解题核心)
who:先行指人,从句作主语
→ The student who practices hard will pass the exam.
whom:先行指人,从句作宾语(可省略)
→ The nurse whom we met is very kind.
【必备知识】
知识2 关系代词用法(续)
which:先行指事物,作主/宾语
→ This is the uniform which I bought yesterday.
that:人/物均可;先行词有最高级、序数词、all/every等只能用that,不能用which
→ This is the most useful skill book that I have read.
whose:表所属,后必须接名词
→ I know a trainee whose father is a repair master.
【必备知识】
知识3 关系副词(when/where/why)
先行词分别为时间、地点、原因名词,从句主谓完整、缺状语;等价于"介词+which"
the day when = the day on which
the hotel where = the hotel in which
知识4 拔高考点:介词+which
动词/名词固定搭配中的介词提前,只用which,不能用that。
例:the shop about which we talked(talk about)
→ 2024、2025连续两年独立考查,需重点掌握。
【命题预测】
一、单项选择
1.The intern ________ works in the restaurant is my roommate.
A. which B. who C. whose D. what
【答案】B 【解析】先行词the intern指人,从句缺主语,用who;which只修饰事物,what不引导定语从句。
【命题预测】
一、单项选择
2.I will never forget the summer ________ I took my first internship.
A. when B. where C. that D. whose
【答案】A 【解析】先行词summer为时间名词,从句主谓完整,缺少时间状语,用关系副词when。
【命题预测】
一、单项选择
3.This is the training center ________ we learn cooking skills.
A. when B. where C. what D. who
【答案】B 【解析】先行词表地点,从句缺地点状语,where = in which。
【命题预测】
一、单项选择
4.This is the most interesting skill course ________ I have ever learned.
A. which B. that C. whose D. when
【答案】B 【解析】先行词被最高级the most修饰,定语从句只能用that,不能用which。
【命题预测】
一、单项选择
5.The uniform ________ I bought yesterday is too big.
A. who B. whose C. which D. when
【答案】C 【解析】先行词为物品,从句缺少宾语,which指代事物作宾语。
【命题预测】
一、单项选择
6.The girl ________ mother is a hotel manager learns fast.
A. who B. whom C. whose D. which
【答案】C 【解析】whose表所属关系,后接名词mother,是短文填空常考空。
【命题预测】
一、单项选择
7.The intern ________ works in the restaurant is my roommate.
A. which B. who C. whose D. what
【答案】B 【解析】先行词the intern指人,从句缺主语,用who;which只修饰事物,what不引导定语从句。
【命题预测】
一、单项选择
8.The tool ________ we talked about is very useful.
A. about which B. in which C. where D. when
【答案】A 【解析】固定搭配talk about,介词提前搭配which,近两年拔高难点。
【命题预测】
一、单项选择
9.All trainees ________ finish the task can get a small prize.
A. which B. who C. whose D. where
【答案】B 【解析】先行词是人all trainees,从句主语用who。
【命题预测】
二、短文填空(每空3分,共6分)
10.I know a cook ________ works in the downtown hotel.
【答案】who 【解析】先行词a cook指人,从句缺少主语。
11.I still remember the day ________ we joined the skill competition.
【答案】when 【解析】先行词the day表时间,用关系副词。
03
【考点2:宾语从句】
26
【真题动向】
1.(2022山东春考单选第11题)
Could you tell me ________ I can learn nursing well?
A. what B. how C. which D. whose
【答案】B
【解析】how引导宾语从句表方式,从句必须使用陈述语序(基础考次)。
【真题动向】
2.(2023山东春考单选第20题)
The teacher asked me ________ I finished my internship report.
A. that B. if C. what D. whose
【答案】B
【解析】主句为过去式,从句时态同步倒退,时态倒退独立拔高考次。
【真题动向】
3.(2025春考补全对话42空)
I wonder ________ I can join the volunteer group.
【答案】whether 【解析】whether可搭配or not,if不可,if/whether辨析独立考次。
【必备知识】
规则1:语序——所有宾语从句一律用【陈述语序】(基础考向)
❌ Do you know where is the shop?
✅ Do you know where the shop is?
规则2:三大引导词分类
that:陈述事实,无词义,可省略
→ I think (that) training is important.
if/whether:表"是否",whether可搭配or not(独立辨析考点)
→ I don't know whether (if) he will come.
wh-词(what/who/where/when/how):在从句中充当成分
【必备知识】
规则3:时态三大匹配(时态倒退独立拔高考次)
① 主句现在时 → 从句任意时态
→ I know he works / worked / will work here.
② 主句过去时 → 从句倒退一层时态(独立考次)
→ He said he would join the match.(will → would)
③ 客观真理永远用一般现在时
→ The teacher told us the earth moves around the sun.
【命题预测】
一、单项选择
1.Could you tell me ________ I can sign up for the skill match?
A. how B. what C. which D. whose
【答案】A 【解析】how引导宾语从句表方式,从句必须使用陈述语序,基础必考题。
【命题预测】
一、单项选择
2.I wonder ________ I can join the volunteer group or not.
A. if B. whether C. that D. when
【答案】B 【解析】whether...or not固定搭配,if不能与or not连用,高频辨析陷阱。
【命题预测】
一、单项选择
3.The teacher asked ________ I finished my internship report.
A. that B. if C. whose D. which
【答案】B
【解析】if引导表疑问的宾语从句,主句为过去时态。
【命题预测】
一、单项选择
4.Do you know ________ the training classroom is?
A. where B. what C. whose D. which
【答案】A 【解析】where询问地点,从句用陈述语序,单选经典题型。
【命题预测】
一、单项选择
5.He said he ________ visit Qingdao training base next month.
A. will B. would C. can D. may
【答案】B 【解析】主句said为一般过去时,宾语从句将来时倒退为would,时态倒退拔高考点。
【命题预测】
一、单项选择
6.Our teacher told us the earth ________ around the sun.
A. move B. moves C. moved D. will move
【答案】B 【解析】客观真理,无论主句什么时态,从句永远一般现在时,三单moves。
【命题预测】
一、单项选择
7.I think ________ hard practice can help us pass the exam.
A. what B. that C. whether D. how
【答案】B 【解析】that引导陈述类宾语从句,无词义,可省略。
【命题预测】
一、单项选择
8.I don't know ________ book this is on the desk.
A. who B. whom C. whose D. which
【答案】C 【解析】whose表"谁的",修饰名词book。
【命题预测】
二、短文填空(每空3分,共6分)
9.I want to know ________ we will have skill training tomorrow.
【答案】if/whether 【解析】表达不确定疑问,用if或whether。
10.She told us ________ she learned hotel service last year.
【答案】that 【解析】陈述事实宾语从句,that无实义。
04
【考点3:主语从句】
41
【真题动向】
1.(2021 山东春考第 17 题)
________he said in a speech showed an interesting opinion.
A. What B. Whether C.If D.That
【答案】A
【解析】what 引导主语从句,在从句中作 said 宾语,整个从句在主句充当主语;that 引导主语无实义不作成分,if/whether 表是否语义不匹配。
【必备知识】
结构 1:从句直接放句首作主语(书面高频,2021 真题同款结构)
公式:引导词 + 完整从句 + 主句谓语(单数)
That we keep practicing every day makes great progress.
我们每日坚持练习,才能取得巨大进步。
解析:that 无词义、不在从句充当任何成分,仅起连接作用,不能省略。
结构 2:it 作形式主语(春考高频题型,短文填空、单选常考)
为避免句子头重脚轻,用 it 替代后置主语从句,it 仅为形式,真正主语在句末。
【必备知识】
四类固定春考句型:
It is + 形容词 + that 从句
It is important that we master service skills.
掌握服务技能对我们很重要。
It is + 名词 + that 从句
It is a fact that skill training helps us find jobs.
技能实训能帮助我们就业是客观事实。
【必备知识】
It is said /believed/known that(固定被动句型,阅读高频)
It is believed that hard work leads to success.
人们相信努力终会成功。
It seems /happens that
It happens that I joined the skill match last year.
碰巧我去年参加了技能大赛。
【必备知识】
三、分类型连接词详细用法(干货分层,配套易错对比)
(一)that 引导主语从句
用法:只起连接功能,无词汇含义,在从句中不充当主语、宾语、状语任何成分;
限制:从句放句首时 that绝对不能省略;it 形式主语结构中 that 也不可省;
易错区分:
❌ We learn skills is important.(缺连接词 that)
✅ That we learn skills is important.
春考陷阱:that 无指代含义,不能翻译 “那 / 什么”,和 what 严格区分。
【必备知识】
(二)what /whatever 引导主语从句(最高频,2021 真题考点)
核心特点:有实际指代含义,在从句内部必须充当主语 / 宾语;
what = …… 的事物;whatever = 无论什么(泛指)
例句:
What the teacher taught us is easy to understand.(taught 缺少宾语,what 作宾语)
Whatever you do should follow school rules.(do 缺宾语,whatever 作宾语)
易混对比(春考必考单选坑)
What he said moves me.(√ what 作 said 宾语,有实义)
That he said moves me.(× that 不作成分,句子残缺)
【必备知识】
(三)who /whoever 引导主语从句
who 特指 “某个人”;whoever = anyone who 泛指 “任何…… 的人”(B 卷拔高考点)
例句:
Who will take part in the match is unknown.(特指某人,疑问含义)
Whoever wants to join the club needs to sign up.(泛指所有人,拉分题型)
【必备知识】
(四)whether 引导主语从句(关键易错区分 if)
规则:主语从句置于句首,只能用 whether,绝对不能用 if;
搭配:whether…or not 可用于主语从句,if 无此用法;
例句:
Whether we can pass the exam depends on daily practice.(√)
If we can pass the exam depends on daily practice.(× 句首禁用 if)
【必备知识】
(五)连接副词 when/where/why/how
在从句中作时间、地点、原因、方式状语,句子主干成分完整,仅缺状语;
How we improve oral English is a key problem.(how 作方式状语)
Where we will have training hasn’t been decided.(where 地点状语)
【必备知识】
四、主语从句四大春考高频易错点(二轮必背避坑)
主谓一致:无论主语从句多长,整体视作单数,主句谓语动词用 is/was/does
❌ What they do are helpful
✅ What they do is helpful
语序规则:所有主语从句内部一律使用陈述语序,不使用疑问倒装
❌ When will we train is clear
✅ When we will train is clear
【必备知识】
if 禁用场景:主语从句放句首只能用 whether,if 仅能放在 it 形式主语后半段口语句式
that 与 what 核心区分:看从句是否缺主 / 宾,缺成分用 what;句子完整不缺成分、仅表陈述用 that
【命题预测】
一、单项选择
1.______ we practice service skills every day helps us make great progress.
A. That B. What C. If D. Where
【答案】A
【解析】从句子结构来看,空格后面的 “we practice service skills every day” 是一个完整的句子,它在整个大句子中充当了开头的主语部分。因此,空格处需要一个词来引导这个主语从句。在引导主语从句时,“that”只有语法作用,没有任何实际词义,也不充当从句里的任何成分。所以这里用“that”完全正确。
【命题预测】
一、单项选择
2.It is necessary ______ all trainees take part in daily training.
A. what B. that C. whether D. who
【答案】B
【解析】it 为形式主语,真正主语是后面完整陈述句,从句不缺成分,只用无词义连接词 that。
【命题预测】
一、单项选择
3.______ can finish the repair task ahead of time hasn’t been known yet.
A. Who B. Whoever C. Whom D. Whose
【答案】A
【解析】who 特指 “哪个人”,在从句充当主语;whoever 表泛指任何人,本句无泛指含义。
【命题预测】
一、单项选择
4.______ we can take part in the city skill match depends on our daily efforts.
A. If B. Whether C. What D. That
【答案】B
【解析】句首表达 “是否” 只能用 whether,if 不可以置于主语从句句首,是春考高频易错点。
【命题预测】
一、单项选择
5.It is said ______ hard-working vocational students will get better job chances.
A. how B. when C. that D. whose
【答案】C
【解析】固定书面句型,that 引导后置主语从句,无实际语义,仅起连接作用。
【命题预测】
一、单项选择
6.______ you choose as your training major will influence your future career.
A. Whatever B. However C. Whenever D. Wherever
【答案】A
【解析】whatever = 无论什么,在从句中作 choose 的宾语;however/whenever/wherever 只能作状语。
【命题预测】
一、单项选择
7.It is still unknown ______ we will hold the volunteer activity next week.
A. that B. where C. what D. who
【答案】B
【解析】从句主干完整,缺少地点状语,用 where 表示 “举办活动的地点”。
【命题预测】
一、单项选择
8.______ he told the manager about his internship plan moved everyone present.
A. That B. What C. Where D. How
【答案】B
【解析】从句 told 缺少宾语,what 指代他所说的内容;that 无法在从句充当任何成分,句子会残缺。
05
【考点四:状语从句】
61
【真题动向】
1.(2021春考单选第15题)
We will go training ________ it doesn't rain tomorrow.
A. though B. if C. because D. until
【答案】B 【解析】if条件状语从句,主将从现,每年固定基础考次。
【真题动向】
2.(2022春考单选第14题)
He didn't leave the workshop ________ he finished all tasks.
A. if B. until C. because D. though
【答案】B 【解析】not...until时间从句,独立细分考次。
【真题动向】
3.(2025春考单选第14题)
________ training is hard, I will keep practicing every day.
A. Because B. If C. Although D. When
【答案】C 【解析】although让步状语从句,独立细分考次。
【必备知识】
1. 条件状语从句(if / as long as)——主将从现(基础必考)
主句将来时,if从句只用一般现在时。
→ If you study hard, you will pass the spring exam.
2. 时间状语从句(not...until / as soon as)——独立考次
3. 原因状语从句(because)——独立考次
不和so连用。
4. 让步状语从句(although)——独立考次
不和but连用。
【命题预测】
一、单项选择
1.We will go for training ________ it doesn't rain tomorrow.
A. if B. though C. because D. until
【答案】A 【解析】if引导条件状语从句,严格遵循主将从现,每年必考核心规则。
【命题预测】
一、单项选择
2.He didn't leave the workshop ________ he finished all tasks.
A. if B. until C. because D. though
【答案】B 【解析】not...until固定时间状语从句,意为"直到……才"。
【命题预测】
一、单项选择
3.________ training is tiring, I still stick to it every day.
A. Because B. If C. Although D. When
【答案】C 【解析】although引导让步状语从句,不能与but同时使用,高频考点。
【命题预测】
一、单项选择
4.He was late ________ he missed the early school bus.
A. so B. because C. though D. until
【答案】B 【解析】because引导原因状语,解释前半句的客观缘由。
【命题预测】
一、单项选择
5.I will call you ________ I arrive at the training center
A. as soon as B. as long as C. although D. until
【答案】A 【解析】as soon as"一……就……",时间状语从句,遵循主将从现。
【命题预测】
一、单项选择
6.You will make progress ________ you keep practicing every day.
A. as long as B. until C. though D. because
【答案】A 【解析】as long as"只要",充分条件状语从句。
【命题预测】
一、单项选择
7.________ you give up, you will lose the chance of the match.
A. If B. Although C. Because D. Until
【答案】A 【解析】if负面条件,主将从现基础变形。
【命题预测】
一、单项选择
8.He won't join us ________ his work is done.
A. if B. until C. because D. though
【答案】B 【解析】否定主句搭配until经典句式。
【命题预测】
二、短文填空(每空3分,共6分)
9.I stay up late ________ I need to finish my internship summary.
【答案】because 【解析】说明熬夜的原因,原因状语从句。
10.________ you study hard, you can get the skill certificate.
【答案】If / As long as 【解析】条件状语从句,主将从现。
Thank you for
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