Unit 4 Humour 幽默（单元阅读精练）英语北师大版选择性必修第二册

**基本信息** 以“幽默”主题为核心，整合阅读、词汇、长难句及多题型实战，通过语篇分析与方法提炼提升语言能力与思维品质。 **专项设计** |模块|题量/典例|方法提炼|知识逻辑| |----|-----------|----------|----------| |单元阅读精练|1篇说明文|长难句结构拆解（主干提取、从句分析）|从幽默职场价值到科学原理，构建“现象-原因-应用”认知链| |高考模拟真题|1篇记叙文|语境词义推断、情感态度分析|以科学家经历展现幽默对职业发展的积极作用，呼应单元主题| |综合实战演练|10篇（含阅读、完形等）|主题词汇整合（如humour/positive等）、文体特征分析|覆盖说明文、记叙文等多体裁，从人类到动物幽默，形成跨场景知识网络|

Unit 4 Humour 幽默 单元阅读精练 A survey by an international temporary service agency found that U.S. managers believe that people with a sense of humour do better in their jobs, compared with those who have little or no sense of humour. In fact, about 96 percent of those surveyed said people with a sense of humour do better. The survey went on to point out that the results suggest that a sense of humour may help light­hearted employees keep their jobs during tough times. And, what’s more, it may push them up the corporate ladder past their humorless colleagues. Why? It seems that those with a sense of humour are better communicators and better team players. Studies have shown that happy workers are more energised and productive. In fact, a researcher at California State University found that humour could help the employees to release tension. Research done by psychologist Dr. Ashton Trice at Mary Baldwin College in Virginia showed that humour helps us think. When people feel stuck on important projects, they tend to feel embarrassed or depressed. According to Dr. Trice’s research, taking time out to laugh can help our immune systems, help us to get rid of negative feelings and allow us to return to a task or move on to another project unaffected by past defeat. If humour is really this important, then why don’t we use it more often on the job? Most likely, the main reason is that many people are unaware of the positive effects of humour in the workplace. However, it is important to realize that some humour is not suitable for the workplace, and that it is often used at wrong times. But anyway, in the workplace, at school, or even at home, some more humour or laughter are lubricant (润滑剂) of life. Of course, we should and must show a proper sense of humour in a proper occasion. Best of all, we can make full use of humour to make our lives better. 【译文欣赏】 一家国际临时人力机构开展的调查发现：美国管理者认为，富有幽默感的人在职场上表现优于几乎没有幽默感的人。事实上，约 96% 的受访管理者都认同，有幽默感的人工作表现更好。 该调查进一步指出，这一结果表明幽默感能够帮助心态轻松的员工在艰难时期保住工作。不仅如此，幽默感还可能助力他们在企业晋升，领先缺乏幽默感的同事。原因何在？富有幽默感的人通常拥有更强的沟通能力，也更擅长团队协作。 多项研究表明，心情愉悦的员工精力更充沛、工作效率更高。加利福尼亚州立大学一名研究者发现，幽默能够帮助员工释放压力。 弗吉尼亚州玛丽鲍德温学院的心理学家阿什顿・特赖斯博士开展的研究表明，幽默有助于思考。人们在重要项目上陷入瓶颈时，往往会感到窘迫或消沉。根据特赖斯博士的研究，抽出时间开怀大笑能够增强免疫系统，排解负面情绪，让我们不受过往挫败感的影响，重新投入手头工作或是开启新项目。 倘若幽默如此重要，那我们为何不在工作中更多运用它？最主要的原因很可能是，许多人并不了解幽默在职场中带来的积极作用。但同时我们必须意识到：有些幽默并不适合职场环境，人们也常常在不合时宜的场合开玩笑。 但无论如何，在职场、校园乃至家庭生活中，适度的幽默与欢笑都是生活的润滑剂。当然，我们应当且必须在合适的场合展现恰当的幽默感。最重要的是，我们可以充分利用幽默，让生活变得更加美好。 【词汇积累】 2 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！ ( 1 / 29 ) 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 1. temporary /ˈtemprəri/adj. 临时的 2. agency /ˈeɪdʒənsi/n. 机构，办事处 3. humour /ˈhjuːmə(r)/n. 幽默（美式：humor） 4. tough /tʌf/adj. 艰难的，严峻的 5. corporate /ˈkɔːpərət/adj. 公司的；企业的 6. ladder /ˈlædə(r)/n. 阶梯 7. productive /prəˈdʌktɪv/adj. 高效的，富有成效的 8. tension /ˈtenʃn/n. 紧张，压力 9. psychologist /saɪˈkɒlədʒɪst/n. 心理学家 10. immune /ɪˈmjuːn/adj. 免疫的 11. negative /ˈneɡətɪv/adj. 消极的，负面的 12. unaware /ˌʌnəˈweə(r)/adj. 未意识到的 13. positive /ˈpɒzətɪv/adj. 积极的，正面的 14. lubricant /ˈluːbrɪkənt/n. 润滑剂 15. occasion /əˈkeɪʒn/n. 场合，时机 【高考模拟真题链接】 （2026·北京西城·二模）For much of my career, my fellow scientists only saw my “resting science face”, which shows the part of me worrying about conference talks or funding. They didn’t see the side of me that loves funny performances. As a woman and mother, I felt I needed to prove my seriousness, fearing others might view me as too busy with my personal life to excel. My serious face worked. I landed a job at a great university and became a professor. But I felt I had to divide myself in two — the serious scientist in public, the funny person in private. However, the first break in my public persona came in 2024, when I participated in a local live storytelling show. I took a risk and described an embarrassing moment from a trip to Thailand. To my surprise, when people laughed, it felt like a hug rather than shame. The experience encouraged me to experiment with being silly at work. So, when Halloween came around, I delivered a lecture dressed in a pink animal costume. I began kicking off lab meetings by asking my graduate students what brings them joy. And I started the monthly get-togethers with colleagues, using odd outfits to set the mood. To my surprise, adding fun and humour into my work life didn’t make me less effective or credible. Students seemed to find me more approachable. Humour also helped me open up with colleagues, which in turn led others to be more honest and truthful with me. But most importantly, humor has made me stronger. Last winter, my funding from the Environmental Protection Agency was suddenly cancelled due to the government’s science cuts. After the shock and immediate sadness wore off, I turned to my playful side, writing several pieces of satire (讽刺) and letting workmates draw my attention away with discussions about a 1990s music video. That’s not to say I was living in denial. I knew I needed to find new ways to pursue my goals in an increasingly complex funding environment. But making jokes and sharing laughter helped me stay present and reminded me of how much joy I get from my team, whatever the circumstances. Ultimately, I have come to realize that being real at work is not a weakness, but rather a strength. For other scientists, that may mean talking more about hobbies or families. For me, it’s humour. Now, more than ever, it’s time to laugh. 1．The author put on a serious face at first to ________. A．win the respect of her family B．keep her personal life private C．avoid distractions in her research D．appear professional and dedicated 2．How did the author most probably feel after the 2024 show? A．Proud and confident. B．Relieved and lighthearted. C．Surprised and upset. D．Ashamed and embarrassed. 3．How did the author respond to her loss of funding? A．She poured her heart out to her workmates. B．She refused to accept the painful reality. C．She devoted herself to music making. D．She got through it with laughter. 4．What is the take-away message from the story? A．Come out of your shell. B．Please people around you. C．Stay serious to achieve goals. D．Prioritize humour in your life. 【答案】1．D 2．B 3．D 4．A 【导语】文章讲述了作者起初在职场刻意严肃伪装自己，一场现场故事秀让她放下束缚，在工作中展露幽默，既拉近人际关系，也帮自己直面挫折，领悟应勇敢做真实的自己。 1．细节理解题。根据第一段“As a woman and mother, I felt I needed to prove my seriousness, fearing others might view me as too busy with my personal life to excel. My serious face worked. I landed a job at a great university and became a professor.(作为一名女性和母亲，我觉得自己需要证明自己的认真态度，因为担心别人会认为我过于忙于个人生活而无法取得卓越成就。我那严肃的表情起了作用。我最终在一所优秀的大学找到了工作，并成为了教授)”可知，作者起初面带严肃的表情，以显得专业且尽职尽责。 2．细节理解题。根据第二段“To my surprise, when people laughed, it felt like a hug rather than shame.(令我惊讶的是，当人们大笑时，那种感觉更像是一个拥抱，而非羞愧)”可知，在2024年的那次演出结束后，作者舒畅且心情愉悦。 3．细节理解题。根据第四段“After the shock and immediate sadness wore off, I turned to my playful side, writing several pieces of satire (讽刺) and letting workmates draw my attention away with discussions about a 1990s music video.(在最初的震惊和悲伤情绪消退之后，我又恢复了往日的活泼本性，创作了几篇讽刺文章，并让同事们通过讨论一部20世纪90年代的音乐视频来转移我的注意力)”可知，作者以幽默的态度克服了资金损失这一困难。 4．细节理解题。根据最后一段“Ultimately, I have come to realize that being real at work is not a weakness, but rather a strength.(最终，我逐渐明白，在工作中保持真实并非是一种弱点，而恰恰是一种优势)”可知，故事告诉我们要勇于展现自我。 ( 长难句一 原文：For much of my career, my fellow scientists only saw my “resting science face”, which shows the part of me worrying about conference talks or funding. ✅句子结构：which 引导非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词 “resting science face”；worrying about 为现在分词作后置定语。 主干：my fellow scientists only saw my “resting science face” 翻译：在我职业生涯很长一段时间里，同行科学家只看见我 “科研常态面孔”，这一面的我总在为学术会议报告或是科研经费发愁。 长难句二 原文：But making jokes and sharing laughter helped me stay present and reminded me of how much joy I get from my team, whatever the circumstances. ✅句子结构：动名词短语作主语；and 连接并列谓语；how much 引导宾语从句；whatever 引导让步状语从句。 主干：making jokes and sharing laughter helped me stay present and reminded me of… 翻译：但是开玩笑、分享欢笑让我活在当下，也让我意识到无论境遇如何，我都能从团队之中收获许多快乐。 ) ( 1. career /kəˈrɪə(r)/n. 职业，职业生涯 2. funding /ˈfʌndɪŋ/n. 资金，科研经费 3. excel /ɪkˈsel/v. 擅长，脱颖而出 4. persona /pɜːˈsəʊnə/n. 形象，外在人设 5. embarrassing /ɪmˈbærəsɪŋ/adj. 令人尴尬的 6. costume /ˈkɒstjuːm/n. 服装，演出服饰 7. credible /ˈkredəbl/adj. 可信的，可靠的 8. approachable /əˈprəʊtʃəbl/adj. 平易近人的 9. cancel /ˈkænsl/v. 取消 10. circumstance /ˈsɜːkəmstɑːns/n. 情况，境遇 11. satire /ˈsætaɪə(r)/n. 讽刺作品，讽刺文学 12. pursue /pəˈsjuː/v. 追求，致力于 13. ultimately /ˈʌltɪmətli/adv. 最终，归根结底 14. denial /dɪˈnaɪəl/n. 否认，逃避现实 15. experiment /ɪkˈsperɪmənt/v. 尝试，试验 ) 【综合实战演练】 语篇 题型 体裁 内容简介 Passage1 阅读理解 说明文 由学生 Jasmine 引出考试焦虑现象，讲解交感、副交感神经的作用，介绍呼吸、接地、感官感知三种平复焦虑的方法，呼吁教会学生保持冷静，而非一味比拼竞争。 Passage2 阅读理解 说明文 探讨课堂幽默对教与学的价值。合理运用幽默能够吸引学生、强化记忆、缓和压力，但幽默要有目的性、适度开展，不能沦为纯粹玩乐。 Passage3 阅读理解 记叙文 介绍 “阿富汗卓别林” Karim Asir，他模仿卓别林进行街头表演，希望用幽默给饱受战乱的阿富汗民众带去笑容，帮助人们暂时忘却苦难。 Passage4 阅读理解 议论文 探讨幽默与文化价值观的联系，辩证分析幽默的多重作用：运用于政治、社会生活、择偶交往；同时指出幽默存在负面影响，倡导以幽默视角看待人生。 Passage5 阅读理解 说明文 一项新研究表明：温和友善的幽默能够提升科学家亲和力与科研可信度，刻薄玩笑则适得其反；科普创作可巧用轻松幽默简化复杂知识，增进大众信任。 Passage6 阅读理解七选五 说明文 提出幽默感并非人类独有，列举狗、猿、海豚、老鼠等动物的逗弄、嬉戏行为，探讨动物戏弄同类的现象，思考幽默感在生物进化中的意义。 Passage7 完形填空 记叙文 介绍喜剧大师查理・卓别林经典的银幕流浪汉形象。他依靠肢体动作塑造笑点，无声表演跨越语言隔阂，平凡小人物在困境中永不放弃是其成功的关键。 Passage8 完形填空 记叙文 作者祖父离世后留下一本日记，记录生活里平凡美好的瞬间。阅读日记帮助作者走出悲伤，领悟幸福蕴藏于日常，作者开启写日记的方式传承这份生活智慧。 Passage9 语法填空 说明文 阐明幽默是人类长久以来重要的行为方式，结合马克・吐温、汪曾祺两位中外作家的事例，论证幽默是人格与生活态度的外在体现，对人类意义重大。 Passage10 语法填空 说明文 介绍相关科研结论：在困境中发掘趣味、巧用幽默能够减少负面情绪，帮助人们渡过难关；适度幽默可以调控消极情绪，还能感染身边其他人。 Passage 1 （25-26高二下·江苏常州·阶段检测）Jasmine is on my Zoom screen. She is pulling her hair. As she starts talking, the rate of the pulling increases. “My exam is on Friday,” she tells me. “What if I get a question I can’t answer? What if I don’t get a good grade?” Jasmine is just one of the students suffering from test anxiety. The word “anxiety” originates from Latin, meaning narrowing. The “narrowing” describes what’s happening in Jasmine’s nervous system. Basically, the sympathetic (交感神经) branch — fight-or-flight — has switched on, and her muscles have narrowed as if she’s preparing to do battle or run away. Commonly known as the “rest and digest” branch, the parasympathetic (副交感神经) nervous system plays an important role in thinking and learning by promoting a state of relaxation and calmness. When the parasympathetic nervous system is stirred up, it reduces stress and anxiety, improving focus and concentration. There are three simple tools for engaging the parasympathetic branch: breathing, grounding, and sensing. Breathing means a steady flow of breath; grounding means feeling the chair and the floor supporting you; and sensing means turning on one or more of the five senses. In more than 40 years of coaching test-takers, I have observed how often they hold their breath, how nervous and ungrounded they are, and how unaware they are of feeling the touch of clothes on their own bodies. No wonder people are exhausted by the end of a long test! When they use the three calming tools, they create the state necessary for sitting still, thinking, remembering, reasoning, and, finally, answering questions. We all face countless tests in everyday life. Unexpected, unwanted things happen to everyone. Wouldn’t it be a whole lot better if we faced the tests by being calm? In case you’re wondering, the answer is “Yes!” But the real question is: Instead of forcing students to progress through endless comparison and competition, why don’t we teach them how to stay calm? 1．Why does the author mention Jasmine in the first paragraph? A．To show students’ hard life. B．To introduce a problem students face. C．To compare different attitudes towards tests. D．To analyse students’ behaviors during video calls. 2．What change would the engagement of the parasympathetic nervous system bring? A．Improved attention. B．Worsened anxiety. C．Tightened muscles. D．Quickened response. 3．From the last paragraph we can infer that the writer thinks it important ________. A．to take some tests to make progress B．to attach importance to comparison and competition C．to learn to avoid unexpected and unwanted things in life D．to prepare students with the ways to keep calm during tests 4．What is the text mainly about? A．What do students face in tests. B．How to deal with test anxiety. C．How to engage the nervous system. D．What is the origin of the word “anxiety”. 【答案】1．B 2．A 3．D 4．B 【导语】文章主要讲述了学生面临的考试焦虑问题，分析了其生理机制（交感神经过度激活），并介绍了三种激活副交感神经来缓解焦虑的方法（呼吸、接地和感知），最后呼吁教育应注重教学生如何保持冷静而非一味强调竞争比较。 1．推理判断题。根据文章第二段“Jasmine is just one of the students suffering from test anxiety.(Jasmine只是众多患有考试焦虑的学生之一)”可推知，作者提到Jasmine是为了引出学生面临的考试焦虑这一问题。 2．细节理解题。根据文章第二段“When the parasympathetic nervous system is stirred up, it reduces stress and anxiety, improving focus and concentration.(当副交感神经系统被激活时，它会减轻压力和焦虑，提高专注力和注意力)”可知，激活副交感神经能够改善注意力。 3．推理判断题。根据文章最后一段“But the real question is: Instead of forcing students to progress through endless comparison and competition, why don’t we teach them how to stay calm?(但真正的问题是：与其强迫学生通过无休止的比较和竞争来进步，为什么我们不去教他们如何保持冷静呢？)”可推知，作者认为教学生如何在考试中保持冷静是很重要的。 4．主旨大意题。通读全文，文章第一段引出考试焦虑问题，第二段分析焦虑的生理机制，第三段提出三种缓解焦虑的具体工具，最后一段呼吁教学生保持冷静。由此可知，全文围绕“如何应对考试焦虑”展开。 Passage 2 （25-26高二上·甘肃庆阳·期末）Can Humor Help Teaching and Learning? For years teachers have tried ways of bringing humor into the classroom to keep kids engaged, and Mary Kay Morrison, the author of the book *Using Humor to Maximize Learning, says brain research shows that it’s a good idea. “It improves learning and strengthens memories by gaining students’ attention and then helps them absorb the information,” she says. She notes that students surveyed on the topic say teachers who use humor are much more effective at inspiring them, engaging them, reducing their anxiety, exciting their interest in learning and developing positive teacher-student relationships. Experts say, however, that it has to be carried out properly to be effective. “A classroom without learning is a failed one, but the atmosphere can be playful and even joyful,” says Sean O’Brien, an award-winning English teacher at West Ranch High School in Stevenson Ranch, CA．, who has gained attention for his humor. “It probably shouldn’t be just any fun the way an amusement park is.” Morrison agrees but says it should be used often, and any teacher can try it. “It should be done intentionally (有意地) with thought, but all types of teachers can use humor effectively if they work at it.” She notes that humor gets students’ attention because it typically involves the unexpected, which “stimulates (刺激) the attention center of the brain” which, in turn, increases the likelihood of information recollection (回忆). Then, she says, humor actually activates more of the brain than many other activities in a classroom. So, a student who is just listening, for instance, is using one part of the brain but the humor will add to the stimulation. Morrison notes that it also has other, less obvious benefits — reducing stress for the teacher and the students, increasing creativity and energy in the classroom and creating and improving the atmosphere or culture. “Humor is a social lubricant (润滑剂),” she says. “It promotes trust, communication and goodwill, but must be done with thought and care.” 1．What does the underlined word “It” in paragraph 2 refer to? A．Brain research. B．Using humor in teaching. C．Gaining students’ attention. D．A positive teacher-student relationship. 2．What does Sean O’Brien think about classroom humor? A．It shouldn’t be overdone. B．It makes the teacher popular. C．It shouldn’t be carried out in science class. D．It brings as much fun as an amusement park. 3．What is paragraph 5 mainly about? A．Tools to activate more of the brain. B．The importance of getting students’ attention. C．The way that humor increases effectiveness in study. D．The reason the attention center of the brain works. 4．Which statement will the author probably disagree with? A．Humor in the classroom helps to keep students involved. B．Humor should be done by teachers unintentionally. C．Humor can give more stimulation to students. D．Humor can promote trust, communication and goodwill. 【答案】1．B 2．A 3．C 4．B 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了幽默对教学和学习的帮助，以及如何正确使用幽默来提高教学效果。 1．词句猜测题。根据第一段“For years teachers have tried ways of bringing humor into the classroom to keep kids engaged, and Mary Kay Morrison, the author of the book *Using Humor to Maximize Learning, says brain research shows that it’s a good idea. (多年来，教师们一直在尝试将幽默带入课堂以保持孩子们的参与度，《利用幽默最大化学习》一书的作者Mary Kay Morrison说，大脑研究表明这是一个好主意)”以及第二段“It improves learning and strengthens memories by gaining students’ attention and then helps them absorb the information (它通过吸引学生的注意力来提高学习效果，增强记忆力，然后帮助他们吸收信息)”可知，划线词“It”指的是前文提到的“bringing humor into the classroom (将幽默带入课堂)”，也就是“Using humor in teaching (在教学中使用幽默)”。故选B项。 2．细节理解题。根据第三段“Experts say, however, that it has to be carried out properly to be effective. “A classroom without learning is a failed one, but the atmosphere can be playful and even joyful,” says Sean O’Brien, an award-winning English teacher at West Ranch High School in Stevenson Ranch, CA., who has gained attention for his humor. “It probably shouldn’t be just any fun the way an amusement park is.”(然而，专家表示，必须正确执行才能有效。“没有学习的课堂是失败的，但气氛可以是有趣的，甚至是快乐的，”加利福尼亚州史蒂文森牧场西牧场高中屡获殊荣的英语老师Sean O’Brien说，他的幽默引起了人们的关注。“它也许不应该只是像游乐园那样的纯粹玩乐。”)”可知，Sean O’Brien认为幽默在课堂上不能过度使用，应该适度。故选A项。 3．主旨大意题。根据第五段“She notes that humor gets students’ attention because it typically involves the unexpected, which “stimulates (刺激) the attention center of the brain” which, in turn, increases the likelihood of information recollection (回忆). Then, she says, humor actually activates more of the brain than many other activities in a classroom. So, a student who is just listening, for instance, is using one part of the brain but the humor will add to the stimulation. (她指出，幽默能吸引学生的注意力，因为它通常涉及意想不到的事情，这会“刺激大脑的注意力中心”，从而增加信息回忆的可能性。然后，她说，幽默实际上比课堂上的许多其他活动更能激活大脑。例如，一个只听的学生只使用大脑的一部分，但幽默会增加刺激)”可知，本段主要介绍了幽默是如何提高学习效果的。故选C项。 4．推理判断题。根据第四段“Morrison agrees but says it should be used often, and any teacher can try it. “It should be done intentionally (有意地) with thought, but all types of teachers can use humor effectively if they work at it.” (Morrison对此表示赞同，但她说应该经常使用，任何老师都可以尝试。“这需要经过深思熟虑并有意为之，但任何类型的教师只要下功夫练习，都能有效地运用幽默。”)”可知，作者认为幽默应该是有意地、经过思考地使用，而不是老师无意中做出来的。故选B项。 Passage 3 （24-25高二上·广东佛山·阶段检测）Afghanistan (阿富汗) has its own version of the famous British comedy actor Charlie Chaplin. His name is Karim Asir. He wears make- up and clothes to look like Charlie Chaplin in his movies. Asir also uses similar physical movements. He performs on the streets and at events in the capital of Afghanistan, Kabul. Afghanistan has dealt with many years of war and widespread destruction brought by attacks. The 25- year- old actor says his goal is to use humour to help take people’s minds off the difficulties they face every day. “It is very simple. I want to give Afghans a reason to smile,” he said. Charlie Chaplin rose to fame during the silent film age of the 1920s. His movies became popular around the world. When young Asir and his family escaped to Iran in 1996, he watched Chaplin’s movies on television and became fond of the actor and the characters he played. One of the characters impressed Asir most was a funny- looking man known as the Little Tramp. This character had no money and was always getting into trouble. The creative method he used to get out of trouble was always being humorous. After returning to Afghanistan, Asir started wearing make- up and recreating Chaplin’s characters. He performs in public parks, homes for needy youth, as well as private parties and international aid agency events. “I want to give my people a chance to forget their problems such as war, conflicts, and insecurity,” he said. To do this, he keeps smiling while performing around the city and meeting with fans, but Asir says that inside, he cannot help but feel fearful about possible attacks. “I am afraid of getting attacked, but these issues cannot stop me from being Charlie Chaplin,” he said. 1．What does Asir want to do by using humour? A．To make himself look like Chaplin. B．To make people laugh and be happy. C．To earn money and support his family. D．To encourage people to face their difficulties. 2．Which of the following is true about Asir? A．Asir got to know Chaplin at the age of 25. B．Asir forgot the danger of war through acting. C．Asir began to perform after returning from Iran. D．Asir played the Little Tramp and became popular. 3．What is the best title of this article? A．Afghanistan: War and Peace. B．The Challenges of Being an Actor. C．The Story of the Afghan Charlie Chaplin. D．Charlie Chaplin: The World’s Greatest Comedian. 【答案】1．B 2．C 3．C 【导语】这是一篇记叙文。本文介绍了阿富汗版的著名英国喜剧演员查理•卓别林——卡里姆•阿西尔，他通过模仿卓别林的表演给人们带来欢乐。 1．细节理解题。根据文章第三段“The 25-year-old actor says his goal is to use humour to help take people’s minds off the difficulties they face every day. ‘It is very simple. I want to give Afghans a reason to smile,’ he said. (这位25岁的演员说，他的目标是用幽默帮助人们忘记他们每天面临的困难。‘这很简单。我想给阿富汗人一个微笑的理由，’他说。)”可知，阿西尔想用幽默使人们笑和开心。故选B。 2．细节理解题。根据文章第四段“When young Asir and his family escaped to Iran in 1996, he watched Chaplin’s movies on television and became fond of the actor and the characters he played. (1996年，年轻的阿西尔和他的家人逃到伊朗时，他在电视上看了卓别林的电影，并喜欢上了这位演员和他扮演的角色。)”和文章第五段“After returning to Afghanistan, Asir started wearing make-up and recreating Chaplin’s characters. (回到阿富汗后，阿西尔开始化妆，重塑卓别林的角色。)”可知，阿西尔是在从伊朗回到阿富汗后开始表演的。故选C。 3．主旨大意题。通读全文可知，本文主要介绍了阿富汗版的著名英国喜剧演员查理•卓别林——卡里姆•阿西尔，他通过模仿卓别林的表演给人们带来欢乐，所以选项C“阿富汗卓别林的故事”可以作为本文最好的标题。故选C。 Passage 4 （24-25高一下·福建福州·阶段检测）A culture’s values can be mirrored by its humor. Humor has been evaluated by many great minds such as Thomas Hobbes, who disliked humor, “Laughter is nothing else but sudden glory arising from some sudden thought of feeling far better than others.” He thought humor to be a negative quality of human narrow-mindedness. However, Mordechai Gordon, Ph.D．of Education, insists, “Humor allows us to view the world from an angle that is amusing rather than serious.” I agree with Gordon. Learning to look at the world through humor is important. In the United States, every four years an election occurs. Without humor as a way to express their feelings, how else would Americans keep from clawing their eyes out and going the way of lemming? Television shows like The Daily Show have become important parts of American culture. They are mothering the masses by metaphorically (隐喻地) taking politics into our mouths. They make politics fun. Of course, politics is only one type of humor. Social humor helps people through the twists and turns of the human condition. American pop culture promotes an unhealthy self-image. On the topic of self-image, Hari Kondabolu stands out. He has a joke about the popular musical group “The Pussycat Dolls” , describing their hit song “Don’t Cha” as a negative representation of women. He points out an obvious offence in American culture. A study from Loyola University of Maryland has shown that humor is one determining factor for selecting a mating partner. Amongst other things, mates look for an outstanding funny bone in a potential partner. Of course, humor is not always used for good purposes. Humor can be linked to vulgarity (庸俗) and racism, but, like everything else, it has potential to unite human beings by allowing us to laugh at ourselves, our failures and our connection with one another. Though life may seem tough and depressing at times, all I have to do is look in the mirror at my increased wrinkles (皱纹) to know that there is a comedy out there that even Chaplin wasn’t aware of. With that in mind, remember to laugh with humanity and sometimes at humanity. 1．Hobbes believed that humor ________. A．was only a way to laugh at others to make oneself feel better B．resulted in narrow mindedness of human beings C．had the power to mirror personal glory and national values D．was for people to view the world from another angle 2．What is the author’s attitude towards political humor? A．Worried. B．Disappointed. C．Curious. D．Appreciative. 3．The fourth paragraph is developed mainly ________. A．by example B．by process C．by comparison D．by classification 4．What can we learn from the last two paragraphs? A．Chaplin wasn’t aware of being laughed at. B．The author feels helpless and sad about getting older. C．Never be the one who laughs at other people. D．The author is determined to face life with a sense of humor. 【答案】1．A 2．D 3．A 4．D 【导语】文章主要阐述了不同人物对幽默的看法，介绍了幽默在政治、社会生活等多个领域的作用，作者肯定幽默的积极价值，倡导人们用幽默的态度面对生活。 1．细节理解题。根据第一段中“Laughter is nothing else but sudden glory arising from some sudden thought of feeling far better than others. (笑不过是人们突然想到自己比别人好得多时，产生的突如其来的优越感)”可知，霍布斯认为幽默就是通过嘲笑他人让自己感觉更好的方式。 2．推理判断题。根据第三段中“Without humor as a way to express their feelings, how else would Americans keep from clawing their eyes out and going the way of lemming? Television shows like The Daily Show have become important parts of American culture. They are mothering the masses by metaphorically (隐喻地) taking politics into our mouths. They make politics fun. (如果没有幽默作为一种表达情感的方式，美国人还能有什么办法克制自己不抓狂、不走向自我毁灭呢？像《每日秀》这样的电视节目已成为美国文化的重要组成部分。它们将政治隐喻性地“喂”进我们嘴里，以此抚慰大众。它们让政治变得有趣)”可推知，作者肯定政治幽默的作用，对其持欣赏的态度。 3．推理判断题。根据第四段“Of course, politics is only one type of humor. Social humor helps people through the twists and turns of the human condition. American pop culture promotes an unhealthy self-image. On the topic of self-image, Hari Kondabolu stands out. He has a joke about the popular musical group “The Pussycat Dolls” , describing their hit song “Don’t Cha” as a negative representation of women. He points out an obvious offence in American culture. (当然，政治层面的幽默只是幽默的其中一种。社会层面的幽默能够帮人们渡过人生中的种种坎坷。美国流行文化塑造出一种不健康的自我认知形象，在这一话题上，哈里・孔达博卢的观点十分突出。他针对人气女子组合“猫咪玩偶”讲了一段段子，指出其热门单曲《难道你不》扭曲、负面地刻画了女性形象，直指美国文化里这一处明显的冒犯性问题)可知，本段先提出社会幽默的作用，接着举喜剧演员哈里・孔达博卢点评女团歌曲、批判文化偏见的具体事例展开论述，整段主要通过举例的方式展开论述。 4．推理判断题。根据文章最后两段“Though life may seem tough and depressing at times, all I have to do is look in the mirror at my increased wrinkles to know that there is a comedy out there that even Chaplin wasn’t aware of. With that in mind, remember to laugh with humanity and sometimes at humanity. (人生时而艰难压抑，但只要对着镜子看看自己新增的皱纹，我就能发觉，生活里藏着连卓别林都未曾体会到的喜剧。明白这一点后，请带着善意与众人一同欢笑，偶尔也坦然调侃人性本身)”可推知，作者决定带着幽默感面对生活。 Passage 5 （25-26高二下·福建南平·期中）Politicians often use humor to win public support, but scientists traditionally avoid jokes, worried that a lighthearted tone might reduce their authority and, consequently, the trustworthiness of their findings. A new study challenges this idea, showing that well-chosen humor can actually make scientists more likable and their research more trustworthy. Led by Alexandra Lynn Frank from the University of Georgia, the research tested humor’s role in science communication through social media. The team created posts from a fictional scientist, Dr. Jamie Devon, sharing cartoons about artificial intelligence (AI). These posts used three humor styles: playful comparisons (like giving robots human characteristics), mean jokes about technology, or a mix of both. Some posts had no humor as a comparison. Over 2,200 participants viewed these posts in an online experiment. They rated how funny the content was, how much they liked the scientist, and how credible the information seemed. Results revealed that light, positive humor — such as showing AI as a curious robot asking questions — made the scientist feel more approachable and the research more reliable. However, mean or unfriendly jokes reduced trust in the scientist. “Humor helps people connect with scientists,” Frank explained. “When we laugh, we’re more open to listening.” But she stressed that jokes must feel natural, adding, “If the audience doesn’t find it funny, it could backfire.” For example, playful cartoons worked better than making fun of tech failures. The study advises scientists to avoid tough jokes targeting individuals. Instead, gentle humor that simplifies complex ideas — like comparing climate change to the Earth having a “fever” — can build interest and fight misinformation. While focused on AI, these tips apply to fields like health or environmental science. In today’s fast-paced digital world, humor could help scientists stand out on social media. Funny posts may attract more viewers, make tough topics easier to understand, and build public trust. The key is balancing fun with facts: lighthearted jokes don’t weaken authority but create friendly, memorable connections. Frank’s team hopes their findings encourage scientists to experiment with humor. As one participant noted, “A scientist who jokes feels more human — like someone I’d trust.” 1．Why do the scientists avoid using jokes in their communication? A．Because they think that using jokes wastes research time. B．Because they are afraid that jokes might confuse the public. C．Because they fear that jokes could make their work appear unreliable. D．Because they are worried that jokes might distract from scientific facts. 2．What does the underlined word “backfire” in paragraph 4 probably mean? A．Be effective. B．Make people laugh. C．Be natural. D．Have the opposite result. 3．According to the study, what kind of humor is recommended for scientists? A．Jokes that target individuals. B．Playful comparisons and gentle jokes. C．Making fun of technology failures. D．Using complex ideas to create humor. 4．What can be learned from the participant’s comment in Frank’s team? A．The audience should trust what scientists say. B．Lighthearted jokes make the posts easier to memorize. C．Frank’s team has succeeded in creating a relaxed academic atmosphere. D．Experiments with appropriate funniness actually gain greater acceptance. 【答案】1．C 2．D 3．B 4．D 【导语】研究表明恰当温和的幽默能拉近科学家与公众距离、提升可信度，刻薄玩笑则适得其反，合适幽默还利于科普传播、收获大众认可。 1．细节理解题。根据第一段“Politicians often use humor to win public support, but scientists traditionally avoid jokes, worried that a lighthearted tone might reduce their authority and, consequently, the trustworthiness of their findings.(政客常借助幽默博取公众支持，但科学家向来回避玩笑，担心轻松随意的语气会削弱自身权威，进而降低研究成果的可信度。)”可知，科学家不讲笑话是怕让研究成果显得不可靠。 2．词句猜测题。根据第四段““Humor helps people connect with scientists,” Frank explained. “When we laugh, we’re more open to listening.” But she stressed that jokes must feel natural, adding, “If the audience doesn’t find it funny, it could backfire.” (“幽默有助于拉近人们与科学家之间的距离，”弗兰克解释道。“当我们开怀大笑时，会更愿意倾听。”但她强调，玩笑必须自然得体，并补充道：“如果观众觉得并不好笑，反而可能backfire。”)” 可知，前文讲述幽默对人们了解科学的好处，后文but表转折，这里指观众觉得不好笑会有反作用，所以猜测backfire表示“产生相反的不良后果”。 3．细节理解题。根据第五段“The study advises scientists to avoid tough jokes targeting individuals. Instead, gentle humor that simplifies complex ideas — like comparing climate change to the Earth having a “fever” — can build interest and fight misinformation. While focused on AI, these tips apply to fields like health or environmental science.(这项研究建议科学家不要开针对个人的尖锐玩笑。相反，用温和幽默简化复杂概念，比如把气候变化比作地球“发烧”，能引发兴趣、抵制不实信息。这些建议虽针对人工智能领域，同样适用于健康、环境科学等领域。)”以及第三段“Results revealed that light, positive humor — such as showing AI as a curious robot asking questions — made the scientist feel more approachable and the research more reliable.(研究结果表明，轻松积极的幽默，比如把人工智能塑造成好奇发问的机器人形象，能让科学家显得更平易近人，也让科研成果显得更可信。)”可知，文章推荐使用趣味类比和温和善意的玩笑。 4．推理判断题。根据最后一段“As one participant noted, ‘A scientist who jokes feels more human — like someone I’d trust.’(一位参与者说道：会开玩笑的科学家更有人情味，更值得信赖。)”可知，适度恰当的幽默尝试能让科学家获得大众更多认可与接纳。 Passage 6 （24-25高二上·山西·期中）Laughter is a universal language for humans to connect with each other and form social bonds. Even as babies, we giggle (咯咯笑) when our parents pull funny faces, and then gradually learn to make others laugh as we grow up. But, is it a uniquely human experience? 1 Have you ever seen dogs let people come close to their toy, and then playfully run away with it? Biologist Charles Darwin saw this as the dog’s version of a practical joke. Marc Bekoff, biology professor at the University of Colorado, also observed dogs playfully teasing (捉弄) each other by approaching slowly and then quickly running away. 2 And he’s also said that animals may spend time doing silly things as a way to cope with stress. In a 2024 study, Isabelle Laumer and colleagues watched four ape (猿类) species interact with each other. 3 They saw young apes approach quietly behind an adult, push them to surprise them and then wait and watch the response, behaviour similar to that shown by human children. So, a sense of humour may have appeared early in our evolutionary timeline. 4 While playing, dogs sometimes produce a breathy snort (喷鼻息) that could sound like laughter. Dolphins let out sounds of joy when play-fighting. Rats make a joyful squeak similar to a giggle when they are tickled (逗乐), says Jeffrey Burgdorf, professor at Northwestern University. But, is a rat’s giggle really a sign of a sense of humour? Are the apes in Laumer’s study really joking around or just attention-seeking? What would be the evolutionary purpose of animals teasing and pranking? “In humans, humour can serve as an ice-breaker, removing social barriers and strengthening relationships,” says Laumer. “ 5 ” A．What about laughing? B．The sound of their laughter died away. C．Dogs can hear much better than humans. D．His work concluded that dogs just want to have fun. E．Meanwhile, they observed 18 distinct teasing behaviours. F．We don’t know if it’s the same in apes or other animals, but it’s possible. G．Scientists have observed behaviours in animals that suggest your pets might be secret jokesters. 【答案】1．G 2．D 3．E 4．A 5．F 【导语】本书是一篇说明文。有些人认为幽默感和开怀大笑是人类独有的特质。但动物行为学家们可能不同意这个观点。有大量证据表明动物们像人类一样喜欢互相逗乐，而且它们这样做完全是出于好玩! 1．根据上文“But, is it a uniquely human experience?(但是，这是人类独有的体验吗？)”可知，本句回答上文提出的问题，G选项中pets与第二段中的 dogs相呼应，故G选项“科学家已经观察到动物的行为，表明你的宠物可能是秘密的开玩笑者”符合语境。故选G。 2．根据前文“Have you ever seen dogs let people come close to their toy, and then playfully run away with it? Biologist Charles Darwin saw this as the dog’s version of a practical joke. Marc Bekoff, biology professor at the University of Colorado, also observed dogs playfully teasing (捉弄) each other by approaching slowly and then quickly running away.(你有没有见过狗让人靠近它们的玩具，然后顽皮地带着它跑掉？生物学家查尔斯·达尔文认为这是狗的恶作剧。科罗拉多大学的生物学教授马克·贝科夫也观察到，狗会慢慢靠近对方，然后迅速跑开，以此开玩笑)”可知，上文讲述了狗的行为，本句承接上文，说明对这些狗的行为的研究发现，故D选项“他的研究结论是狗只是想找乐子”符合语境。故选D。 3．根据上文“In a 2024 study, Isabelle Laumer and colleagues watched four ape (猿类) species interact with each other.(在2024年的一项研究中，伊莎贝尔·劳尔和同事观察了四种猿类相互作用)”以及后文“They saw young apes approach quietly behind an adult, push them to surprise them and then wait and watch the response, behaviour similar to that shown by human children. So, a sense of humour may have appeared early in our evolutionary timeline.(他们看到年轻的猿猴悄悄地靠近成年人的身后，推他们给他们惊喜，然后等待并观察他们的反应，这种行为与人类儿童的行为相似。所以，幽默感可能在我们进化的早期就出现了)”可知，上文提到了观察猿类，本句承接上文，说明观察的结果，故E选项“同时，他们观察到18种不同的戏弄行为”符合语境。故选E。 4．根据后文“While playing, dogs sometimes produce a breathy snort (喷鼻息) that could sound like laughter. Dolphins let out sounds of joy when play-fighting. Rats make a joyful squeak similar to a giggle when they are tickled (逗乐), says Jeffrey Burgdorf, professor at Northwestern University.(狗在玩耍时，有时会发出像笑声一样的鼻息。海豚在打闹时发出欢快的声音。西北大学教授杰弗里·伯格多夫说，当老鼠被挠痒痒时，它们会发出欢快的吱吱声，类似于咯咯的笑声)”可知，本段主要说明了动物会发出笑声的情况，故A选项“那笑呢？”符合语境。故选A。 5．根据上文““In humans, humour can serve as an ice-breaker, removing social barriers and strengthening relationships,” says Laumer.(“对于人类来说，幽默可以打破僵局，消除社会障碍，加强人际关系，”劳尔说)”可知，前文提到人类的幽默，本句可能会联想到猿类和其他动物是否也有类似的行为，故F选项“我们不知道猿或其他动物是否也有同样的情况，但这是可能的”符合语境。故选F。 Passage 7 （25-26高二上·全国·课后作业）Everybody knows Charlie Chaplin, a world-­famous comedy actor. People everywhere have laughed at Charlie Chaplin’s humorous films 1 tears run down their faces. From his very first 2 they know what will happen. The little man is always with a black moustache, wide­open eyes, a round black hat and 3 too large for his feet. He will 4 through snow, and fall from windows. He will fight against men who are twice his 5 , and fall in love with women who can hardly notice him. The poor man that Charlie Chaplin 6 in dozens of films makes all kinds of stupid mistakes. He is always in trouble, but he never 7 . He dreams of becoming a great man. Even people who don’t understand English can 8 Chaplin’s films, because they are mostly 9 . It isn’t what he 10 that makes people laugh. His comedy doesn’t depend on words. It depends on little 11 which mean the same thing to people all over the world. Chaplin raises his thick eyebrows or rolls his eyes. He hides behind a fat lady or under a table to escape from his 12 . He dresses well and pretends to be a 13 and important man. It is all so hopeless and 14 that he makes us laugh. This is the 15 of Chaplin’s huge success. 1．A．if B．once C．because D．until 2．A．disappearance B．appearance C．words D．emotions 3．A．trousers B．scarfs C．shoes D．coats 4．A．sleep B．sit C．play D．struggle 5．A．length B．size C．greatness D．width 6．A．played B．recognized C．loved D．fooled 7．A．comes down B．gets away C．goes back D．gives up 8．A．forecast B．attain C．enjoy D．look 9．A．frightening B．silent C．pleasant D．moving 10．A．plays B．acts C．expects D．says 11．A．actions B．expressions C．stories D．words 12．A．enemies B．weaknesses C．characters D．films 13．A．poor B．sad C．rich D．beautiful 14．A．possible B．impossible C．instructive D．tired 15．A．mood B．beginning C．theory D．secret 【答案】 1．D 2．B 3．C 4．D 5．B 6．A 7．D 8．C 9．B 10．D 11．A 12．A 13．C 14．B 15．D 【导语】这是一篇记叙文。本文主要讲述了一位世界闻名的喜剧演员卓别林的故事，作者主要描述了他的电影形象以及他取得成功的秘诀。 1．考查连词词义辨析。句意：各处的人们看到卓别林的电影都会笑，直到眼泪顺着脸颊往下流。A. if如果；B. once一旦； C. because因为；D. until直到。文中提到“tears run down their faces”可知，此处说明人们笑的程度，直到笑得眼泪都出来了。until意为“直到……”，引导时间状语从句，故选D。 2．考查名词词义辨析。句意：从他一出场，人们就知道要发生什么事了。A. disappearance消失；B. appearance出场；C. words话语；D. emotions情感。根据前文的“Everybody knows Charlie Chaplin, a world-famous funny actor.”可知，卓别林是滑稽演员，所以他一出场观众就知道他要做什么，故选B。 3．考查名词词义辨析。句意：这个小个子男人，总是留着黑色的胡须，大眼睛，戴着宽檐黑帽，穿着比脚大的鞋。A. trousers长裤；B. scarfs围巾；C. shoes鞋子；D. coats外套。根据后文“too large for his feet”以及结合卓别林的形象可知，卓别林个子小却穿着一双大鞋。故选C。 4．考查动词词义辨析。句意：他在雪中挣扎，从窗户上跌下。A. sleep睡觉；B. sit坐；C. play玩耍；D. struggle挣扎。根据后文“through snow, and fall from windows”可知，此处是指在雪地里艰难的走路，用“挣扎”符合语境，故选D。 5．考查名词词义辨析。句意：他将和身材比自己大一倍的人抗争，或是爱上对他不屑一顾的女人，并试图拥抱她们。A. length长度；B. size尺码，常表示体型的大小；C. greatness伟大；D. width宽度。结合常识和上文的“The little man”可推测，此处在谈论体型大小，故选B。 6．考查动词词义辨析。句意：卓别林在很多电影里扮演的那个可怜的人犯了很多愚蠢的错误。A. played玩耍，扮演；B. recognized辨认出；C. loved爱；D. fooled愚弄。根据上文“The poor man that Charlie Chaplin”以及卓别林是一个演员可知，在很多电影中他扮演一个可怜的人，故选A。 7．考查动词短语辨析。句意：他总是陷入麻烦中，但从来不放弃。A. comes down下来；B. gets away逃脱；C. goes back追溯到；D. gives up放弃。根据下文的“He dreams of becoming a great man”可推测，他虽然遇到困难，但不放弃，因为他有伟大的梦想，故选D。 8．考查动词词义辨析。句意：即使不懂英语的人也可以欣赏卓别林的电影，因为它们大都是无声的。A. forecast预测；B. attain获得；C. enjoy欣赏；D. look看。根据上文的“because they are mostly ___13___”和常识可知，卓别林主要通过动作来表达电影内容，所以不懂英语的人也可以欣赏他的电影，故选C。 9．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：即使不懂英语的人也可以欣赏卓别林的电影，因为它们大都是无声的。A. frightening令人恐惧的；B. silent安静的，无声的； C. pleasant令人愉快的；D. moving令人感动的。根据下文的“His comedy doesn’t depend on words.”可知，卓别林大多数的电影是无声的，故选B。 10．考查动词词义辨析。句意：并不是他说的话本身会让人发笑。A. plays玩耍；B. acts行动；C. expects期望；D. says说。根据下文的“His comedy doesn’t depend on words.”可知，卓别林的电影大都不是通过语言来传递信息，所以此处表示不是他说的话让人们大笑，故选D。 11．考查名词词义辨析。句意：它取决于细微的动作，这些动作对全世界人来说是相同的。A. actions动作；B. expressions表达；C. stories故事；D. words单词。根据后文“Chaplin raises his thick eyebrows or rolls his eyes.(卓别林会扬起浓密的眉毛或者转动眼睛)”以及常识可知，无声电影是通过语言和动作这两个主要媒介来传达信息的，卓别林不是通过语言传达信息，而是通过行为动作，故选A。 12．考查名词词义辨析。句意：他会躲在一位胖女士身后或者躲在桌子下面，以躲避他的敌人。A. enemies敌人；B. weaknesses弱点；C. characters特征；D. films电影。根据上文的“hides behind a fat lady or under a table”可推知，卓别林这样做是为了躲避敌人，故选A。 13．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他衣着华丽是为了假装富有和地位显赫。A. poor贫穷的；B. sad伤心的；C. rich富有的；D. beautiful漂亮的。根据上文“dresses well and pretends”和下文“important man”可知，他衣着华丽是假装富裕，故选C。 14．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：一切都显得如此绝望又毫无可能，可他却偏偏让我们笑了起来。A. possible可能的；B. impossible不可能的；C. instructive有益的； D. tired疲倦的。根据上文的“hopeless ”和“and”可知，此处应选择一个和hopeless是感情色彩相同的词，impossible“不可能的”符合语境，故选B。 15．考查名词词义辨析。句意：这就是卓别林取得巨大成功的秘密所在。A. mood情绪；B. beginning起点；C. theory理论；D. secret秘密。根据后文“of Chaplin’s huge success”以及结合本段内容可知，上文陈述他的一些滑稽表演，最后一句做总结，“这就是卓别林成功的秘密”，故选D。 Passage 8 （25-26高二下·黑龙江大庆·期末）When my grandfather passed away, he left me a worn leather-bound journal filled with his elegant handwriting. For months, I could not open it, fearing the wave of grief that would 1 me. But one rainy afternoon, driven by 2 , I finally turned its yellowed pages. The journal was not a record of grand achievements, as I had 3 , but rather a collection of ordinary moments — the first robin of spring, the smell of freshly baked bread, my grandmother’s laughter. Each entry was brief, yet filled with a quiet wisdom that only someone who had truly lived could 4 . It was as if he were speaking to me. I was 5 by the way he had captured the beauty in the ordinary, transforming it into something extraordinary. As I read deeper, I understood that my grandfather had been developing 6 for decades. He had learned to slow down, observe, and appreciate what others regularly overlooked. His journal was his 7 to find joy in everyday life. “Happiness”, he wrote, “is not a destination to be 8 , but a way of travelling. It lives in the spaces between our ambitions, in the moments we pause to breathe.” This idea left a deep 9 on me. By the final page, something had 10 within me. The once unbearable grief had softened into something more 11 — a quiet gratitude for having shared this earth with such a remarkable soul. I closed the journal, no longer feeling the emptiness I had 12 for so long. That night, I began my own journal. I wrote about the rain against my window, the warmth of my tea, and the distant train. I was not merely recording events but 13 a tradition far older than myself. My grandfather’s journal had not been a farewell but a 14 , passed from one generation to the next. And now, 15 by him, I would carry it forward. 1．A．persuade B．accompany C．spot D．defeat 2．A．courage B．curiosity C．sympathy D．sorrow 3．A．admitted B．observed C．expected D．shown 4．A．suspect B．share C．possess D．complete 5．A．struck B．relieved C．troubled D．encouraged 6．A．effort B．independence C．gratitude D．generosity 7．A．plan B．symbol C．way D．habit 8．A．clarified B．reached C．expanded D．resisted 9．A．memory B．burden C．remark D．impression 10．A．increased B．changed C．remained D．deepened 11．A．adjustable B．sustainable C．dependable D．manageable 12．A．buried B．cast C．sought D．filled 13．A．carrying on B．building up C．setting aside D．giving up 14．A．challenge B．beginning C．contribution D．fortune 15．A．judged B．rejected C．inspired D．occupied 【答案】 1．D 2．B 3．C 4．C 5．A 6．C 7．C 8．B 9．D 10．B 11．D 12．A 13．A 14．B 15．C 【导语】本文主要讲述了作者在祖父去世后，通过阅读其日记领悟到平凡生活中的幸福真谛，从悲伤中释怀，并继承记录生活美好的传统，延续家族精神的故事。 1．考查动词。句意：几个月来，我一直无法翻开它，害怕随之而来的悲痛会将我击垮。A. persuade说服；B. accompany陪伴；C. spot发现；D. defeat击败，使不堪承受。根据上文“I could not open it, fearing the wave of grief”可知，作者的祖父去世，作者极度恐惧打开日记，是因为预感悲痛的力量会强大到将自己压倒。 2．考查名词。句意：但在一个雨天的下午，在好奇心的驱使下，我终于翻开了那些泛黄的书页。A. courage勇气；B. curiosity好奇心；C. sympathy同情；D. sorrow悲伤。根据下文“I finally turned its yellowed pages”可知，作者最终行动了，驱动这一行为的心理动因通常是对日记内容的未知所产生的好奇。 3．考查动词。句意：这本日记并不像我所预期的那样记录着伟大的成就，而是汇集了许多平凡的时刻——春天里的第一只知更鸟、新鲜出炉面包的香气、祖母的笑声。A. admitted承认；B. observed观察；C. expected预期；D. shown展示。根据下文“but rather a collection of ordinary moments — the first robin of spring, the smell of freshly baked bread, my grandmother’s laughter.”可知，日记的实际内容(平凡时刻)与作者原本设想的内容(伟大成就)形成了转折关系，与作者预期的不一样。 4．考查动词。句意：每条记录都很简短，却充满了一种只有真正生活过的人才具备的静谧智慧。A. suspect怀疑；B. share分享；C. possess拥有，具备；D. complete完成。根据上文“yet filled with a quiet wisdom that only someone who had truly lived”以及下文“I was ____ by the way he had captured the beauty in the ordinary, transforming it into something extraordinary.”可知，这种源于生活的深刻智慧是那些认真生活的人所内在拥有的品质。 5．考查动词。句意：他捕捉到了平凡中的美，把它变成了非凡的东西，这打动了我。A. struck打动；B. relieved缓解；C. troubled困扰；D. encouraged鼓励。根据下文“by the way he had captured the beauty in the ordinary, transforming it into something extraordinary.”可知，作者对祖父记录生活的方式产生了强烈的情感共鸣和敬佩，这打动了作者。 6．考查名词。句意：随着阅读的深入，我明白了祖父几十年来一直在培养感恩之心。A. effort努力；B. independence独立；C. gratitude感激，感恩；D. generosity慷慨。根据下文““Happiness”, he wrote, “is not a destination to be ____, but a way of travelling. It lives in the spaces between our ambitions, in the moments we pause to breathe.””以及“a quiet gratitude for having shared this earth with such a remarkable soul.”可知，祖父的生活哲学核心是感恩。 7．考查名词。句意：他的日记是他于日常生活中寻找快乐的方式。A. plan计划；B. symbol象征；C. way方式，方法；D. habit习惯。根据上文“He had learned to slow down, observe, and appreciate what others regularly overlooked.”可知，写日记是祖父实践生活哲学、寻找快乐的具体途径。 8．考查动词。句意：“幸福，”他写道，“不是一个需要抵达的目的地，而是一种旅行的方式。” A. clarified澄清；B. reached到达；C. expanded扩展；D. resisted抵抗。根据下文“but a way of travelling. It lives in the spaces between our ambitions, in the moments we pause to breathe.”可知，目的地是用来到达的，此处将幸福比作终点，与后文旅行的姿态形成对比。 9．考查名词。句意：这个观点给我留下了深刻的印象。A. memory记忆；B. burden负担；C. remark评论；D. impression印象。根据上文“As I read deeper, I understood that my grandfather had been developing ____ for decades.”可知，作者阅读得逐渐深刻，祖父的观点给作者留下深刻印象，固定搭配leave a deep impression on sb.意为“给某人留下深刻印象”。 10．考查动词。句意：读到最后一页时，我的内心已经发生了某种变化。A. increased增加；B. changed改变；C. remained保持；D. deepened加深。根据下文“The once unbearable grief had softened into something more ____ — a quiet gratitude for having shared this earth with such a remarkable soul.”可知，作者的情绪和心理状态从无法接受到逐渐释怀，这是一个明显的转变过程。 11．考查形容词。句意：曾经难以忍受的悲伤已经软化成了更可控的东西——一种对与如此非凡的灵魂分享这个地球的无声感恩。A. adjustable可调整的；B. sustainable可持续的，持久的；C. dependable可靠的；D. manageable可控的。根据下文“a quiet gratitude for having shared this earth with such a remarkable soul. I closed the journal, no longer feeling the emptiness I had ____ for so long.”可知，作者的悲伤由难以承受变为可以接受。 12．考查动词。句意：我合上日记，不再感到长久以来埋藏于心底的空虚。A. buried埋藏；B. cast投掷；C. sought寻求；D. filled填满。根据上文“For months, I could not open it, fearing the wave of grief that would ____ me.”以及“no longer feeling the emptiness”可知，祖父去世带来的空虚感是长期以来一直潜藏在作者内心的负面情绪。 13．考查动词短语。句意：我不仅仅是在记录事件，更是在延续一项远比我自己古老的传统。A. carrying on继续，传承；B. building up建立；C. setting aside留出；D. giving up放弃。根据上文“That night, I began my own journal.”以及下文“My grandfather’s journal had not been a farewell but a ____, passed from one generation to the next. And now, ____ by him, I would carry it forward.”可知，作者开始写日记是在继承祖父的做法。 14．考查名词。句意：祖父的日记并非告别，而是一个开端，代代相传。A. challenge挑战；B. beginning开始；C. contribution贡献；D. fortune财富。根据上文“My grandfather’s journal had not been a farewell”以及下文“passed from one generation to the next.”可知，日记连接了过去与未来，对作者而言是一个新的起点。 15．考查动词。句意：而现在，受他的鼓舞，我将继续把它传承下去。A. judged评判；B. rejected拒绝；C. inspired鼓舞，启发；D. occupied占据。根据下文“I would carry it forward.”可知，祖父的精神激励了作者去延续传统。 Passage 9 （25-26高二上·贵州铜仁·期中）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入如1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Humour 1 (be) an essential part of human behaviour for thousands of years. It could not only entertain but also throw new light 2 sensitive or emotive issues. Closer to modern times, someone who 3 (remember) for his ability 4 (combine) humour with more serious messages is Mark Twain. Wang Zengqi, 5 is a Chinese writer famous for his own unique brand of humour, gives the best example to the word “humour”. In his essay “On Humour”, he noted humour’s abundance, 6 (make) one laugh alone. Wang saw humor as a 7 (reflect) of personality and life attitude. He exemplified this by humbly placing himself third to Gaoyou’s salted duck eggs. At a US speech, he joked about being last and promising a brief talk, 8 showed his wit. Indeed, some may argue that our need for humour is almost as great 9 our need for water and air.In the words of Mark Twain, “Humor is mankind’s greatest 10 (bless)”. 【答案】 1．has been 2．on 3．is remembered 4．to combine 5．who 6．making 7．reflection 8．which 9．as 10．blessing 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要阐述了幽默作为人类行为的重要组成部分，不仅能带来娱乐，还能启发人们看待敏感或情感类问题，通过马克·吐温和汪曾祺的例子，说明幽默是人格与生活态度的体现，且人类对幽默的需求至关重要。 1．考查动词时态和主谓一致。句意：数千年来，幽默一直是人类行为的重要组成部分。根据时间状语for thousands of years可知，动作从过去持续到现在，应用现在完成时，其结构为“have/has + 过去分词”，主语Humour是不可数名词，谓语动词用has been。故填has been。 2．考查介词。句意：它不仅能带来娱乐，还能让人们对敏感或情感类问题有新的认识。此处为固定搭配throw light on，意为“阐明、使……明朗”，故填on。 3．考查动词时态语态。句意：在近代，马克·吐温因将幽默与更严肃的信息相结合的能力而被人们铭记。此处为定语从句的谓语动词，主语someone与remember之间是被动关系（“被铭记”），且描述客观事实，用一般现在时的被动语态，其结构为“is/are + 过去分词”，主语someone为单数，故填is remembered。 4．考查非谓语动词。句意：在近代，马克·吐温因将幽默与更严肃的信息相结合的能力而被人们铭记。此处为固定搭配ability to do sth.，意为“做某事的能力”，用动词不定式to combine作后置定语修饰ability。故填to combine。 5．考查定语从句。句意：中国作家汪曾祺以其独特的幽默风格而闻名，他是“幽默”一词的最佳例证。此处为非限制性定语从句，先行词Wang Zengqi（指人），关系词在从句中作主语，所以用关系代词who引导。故填who。 6．考查非谓语动词。句意：在他的散文《论幽默》中，他指出幽默无处不在，能让人独自发笑。此处为非谓语动词作结果状语，make与逻辑主语he noted humour’s abundance之间是主动关系，且表示自然而然的结果，用现在分词making。故填making。 7．考查名词。句意：汪曾祺认为幽默是人格和生活态度的体现。此处作介词as的宾语，且前面有不定冠词a修饰，需要用可数名词单数形式，reflect的名词是reflection，意为“体现、反映”。故填reflection。 8．考查定语从句。句意：在美国的一次演讲中，他自嘲自己是最后一个发言，并承诺演讲会很简短，这体现了他的机智。此处为非限制性定语从句，先行词是前面整个句子（“自嘲最后一个发言并承诺简短演讲”这件事），关系词在从句中作主语，所以用关系代词which引导。故填which。 9．考查固定结构。句意：事实上，有些人可能会说，我们对幽默的需求几乎和对水和空气的需求一样迫切。此处为固定结构as + 形容词原级 + as，意为“和……一样……”，故填as。 10．考查名词。句意：用马克·吐温的话说：“幽默是人类最大的福祉。”此处作宾语，且前面有形容词最高级greatest修饰，需要用名词形式，bless的名词是blessing，意为“福祉、幸事”，作表语。故填blessing。 Passage 10 （24-25高二上·云南曲靖·阶段检测）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 “Look on the bright side” is one of those 1 (suggestion) that people always consider inspiring but less 57. 2 (benefit). However, new research shows that finding something of interest in a terrible situation makes people quickly stop complaining. Besides, looking at a challenge with humor is a good method, 3 may even be helpful in preventing depressed people 4 feeling sad. In a study 5 (publish) earlier this year, researchers gave the participants some photos that show negative situations. Then they would describe these photos according to 6 request of researchers. Those using humorous words to describe the photos 7 (find) to have fewer negative emotions and more possibilities to go through a hard time in their life than those who described the photos 8 (direct). So there appear to be no disadvantages to looking at difficult things in your life with humor and lightness. The conclusion from the study is that for those at higher risk of depression, humor can develop an ability 9 (control) negative emotions. What’s more, humor has an extra benefit of 10 (make) others around you smile. Therefore, when you feel stressed and couldn’t focus your mind on what you are doing, find something that can make you laugh first. 【答案】 1．suggestions 2．beneficial 3．which 4．from 5．published 6．the 7．were found 8．directly 9．to control 10．making 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了新研究表明在糟糕的情况下发现有趣的事情能让人停止抱怨，用幽默看待挑战有助于预防抑郁。 1．考查名词。句意：“往好的方面看”是人们总认为鼓舞人心但益处不大的建议之一。“one of+复数名词”是固定短语，意为“……之一”，提示词用复数形式suggestions。故填suggestions。 2．考查形容词。句意：“往好的方面看”是人们总认为鼓舞人心但益处不大的建议之一。提示词作定语从句中宾语补足语，用形容词beneficial表明其逻辑主语that(即先行词one of those suggestions)的性质，意为“有益的”。故填beneficial。 3．考查非限定性定语从句。句意：此外，用幽默看待挑战是个好方法，这甚至可能有助于防止抑郁的人感到悲伤。“____3____ may even be helpful in preventing depressed people...”是非限定性定语从句，修饰先行词a good method，指物，关系词将其代入从句中作主语，用关系代词which引导从句。故填which。 4．考查固定搭配。句意：此外，用幽默看待挑战是个好方法，这甚至可能有助于防止抑郁的人感到悲伤。prevent sb. from doing sth.是固定搭配，意为“阻止某人做某事”。故填from。 5．考查非谓语动词。句意：在今年早些时候发表的一项研究中，研究人员给参与者看了一些展示负面情况的照片。“(publish) earlier this year”作后置定语，publish(发表)是非谓语动词，与逻辑主语a study之间是被动关系，要用过去分词表被动。故填published。 6．考查冠词。句意：然后他们会根据研究人员的要求描述这些照片。根据“request of researchers”中作后置定语的介词短语可知，request是特指“研究人员的要求”，用定冠词the限定。故填the。 7．考查时态语态和主谓一致。句意：那些用幽默的话语描述照片的人被发现比那些直接描述照片的人负面情绪更少，度过生活中艰难时期的可能性更大。find(发现)是谓语动词，与主语Those之间是被动关系，结合上下文可知，“发现”是已经完成的动作，应用一般过去时的被动语态，主语是复数代词，谓语动词用复数形式。故填were found。 8．考查副词。句意：那些用幽默的话语描述照片的人被发现比那些直接描述照片的人负面情绪更少，度过生活中艰难时期的可能性更大。提示词修饰动词described，用副词directly作状语，意为“直接地”。故填directly。 9．考查非谓语动词。句意：研究得出的结论是，对于那些患抑郁症风险较高的人来说，幽默可以培养一种控制负面情绪的能力。“(control) negative emotions”是后置定语，名词ability后常用不定式作后置定语，意为“做……的能力”。故填to control。 10．考查非谓语动词。句意：此外，幽默还有一个额外的好处，就是能让你周围的人微笑。of是介词，后面要用动名词作宾语。故填making。 ( 1 / 29 ) 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ Unit 4 Humour 幽默 单元阅读精练 A survey by an international temporary service agency found that U.S. managers believe that people with a sense of humour do better in their jobs, compared with those who have little or no sense of humour. In fact, about 96 percent of those surveyed said people with a sense of humour do better. The survey went on to point out that the results suggest that a sense of humour may help light­hearted employees keep their jobs during tough times. And, what’s more, it may push them up the corporate ladder past their humorless colleagues. Why? It seems that those with a sense of humour are better communicators and better team players. Studies have shown that happy workers are more energised and productive. In fact, a researcher at California State University found that humour could help the employees to release tension. Research done by psychologist Dr. Ashton Trice at Mary Baldwin College in Virginia showed that humour helps us think. When people feel stuck on important projects, they tend to feel embarrassed or depressed. According to Dr. Trice’s research, taking time out to laugh can help our immune systems, help us to get rid of negative feelings and allow us to return to a task or move on to another project unaffected by past defeat. If humour is really this important, then why don’t we use it more often on the job? Most likely, the main reason is that many people are unaware of the positive effects of humour in the workplace. However, it is important to realize that some humour is not suitable for the workplace, and that it is often used at wrong times. But anyway, in the workplace, at school, or even at home, some more humour or laughter are lubricant (润滑剂) of life. Of course, we should and must show a proper sense of humour in a proper occasion. Best of all, we can make full use of humour to make our lives better. 【译文欣赏】 一家国际临时人力机构开展的调查发现：美国管理者认为，富有幽默感的人在职场上表现优于几乎没有幽默感的人。事实上，约 96% 的受访管理者都认同，有幽默感的人工作表现更好。 该调查进一步指出，这一结果表明幽默感能够帮助心态轻松的员工在艰难时期保住工作。不仅如此，幽默感还可能助力他们在企业晋升，领先缺乏幽默感的同事。原因何在？富有幽默感的人通常拥有更强的沟通能力，也更擅长团队协作。 多项研究表明，心情愉悦的员工精力更充沛、工作效率更高。加利福尼亚州立大学一名研究者发现，幽默能够帮助员工释放压力。 弗吉尼亚州玛丽鲍德温学院的心理学家阿什顿・特赖斯博士开展的研究表明，幽默有助于思考。人们在重要项目上陷入瓶颈时，往往会感到窘迫或消沉。根据特赖斯博士的研究，抽出时间开怀大笑能够增强免疫系统，排解负面情绪，让我们不受过往挫败感的影响，重新投入手头工作或是开启新项目。 倘若幽默如此重要，那我们为何不在工作中更多运用它？最主要的原因很可能是，许多人并不了解幽默在职场中带来的积极作用。但同时我们必须意识到：有些幽默并不适合职场环境，人们也常常在不合时宜的场合开玩笑。 但无论如何，在职场、校园乃至家庭生活中，适度的幽默与欢笑都是生活的润滑剂。当然，我们应当且必须在合适的场合展现恰当的幽默感。最重要的是，我们可以充分利用幽默，让生活变得更加美好。 【词汇积累】 2 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！ ( 1 / 29 ) 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 1. temporary /ˈtemprəri/adj. 临时的 2. agency /ˈeɪdʒənsi/n. 机构，办事处 3. humour /ˈhjuːmə(r)/n. 幽默（美式：humor） 4. tough /tʌf/adj. 艰难的，严峻的 5. corporate /ˈkɔːpərət/adj. 公司的；企业的 6. ladder /ˈlædə(r)/n. 阶梯 7. productive /prəˈdʌktɪv/adj. 高效的，富有成效的 8. tension /ˈtenʃn/n. 紧张，压力 9. psychologist /saɪˈkɒlədʒɪst/n. 心理学家 10. immune /ɪˈmjuːn/adj. 免疫的 11. negative /ˈneɡətɪv/adj. 消极的，负面的 12. unaware /ˌʌnəˈweə(r)/adj. 未意识到的 13. positive /ˈpɒzətɪv/adj. 积极的，正面的 14. lubricant /ˈluːbrɪkənt/n. 润滑剂 15. occasion /əˈkeɪʒn/n. 场合，时机 【高考模拟真题链接】 （2026·北京西城·二模）For much of my career, my fellow scientists only saw my “resting science face”, which shows the part of me worrying about conference talks or funding. They didn’t see the side of me that loves funny performances. As a woman and mother, I felt I needed to prove my seriousness, fearing others might view me as too busy with my personal life to excel. My serious face worked. I landed a job at a great university and became a professor. But I felt I had to divide myself in two — the serious scientist in public, the funny person in private. However, the first break in my public persona came in 2024, when I participated in a local live storytelling show. I took a risk and described an embarrassing moment from a trip to Thailand. To my surprise, when people laughed, it felt like a hug rather than shame. The experience encouraged me to experiment with being silly at work. So, when Halloween came around, I delivered a lecture dressed in a pink animal costume. I began kicking off lab meetings by asking my graduate students what brings them joy. And I started the monthly get-togethers with colleagues, using odd outfits to set the mood. To my surprise, adding fun and humour into my work life didn’t make me less effective or credible. Students seemed to find me more approachable. Humour also helped me open up with colleagues, which in turn led others to be more honest and truthful with me. But most importantly, humor has made me stronger. Last winter, my funding from the Environmental Protection Agency was suddenly cancelled due to the government’s science cuts. After the shock and immediate sadness wore off, I turned to my playful side, writing several pieces of satire (讽刺) and letting workmates draw my attention away with discussions about a 1990s music video. That’s not to say I was living in denial. I knew I needed to find new ways to pursue my goals in an increasingly complex funding environment. But making jokes and sharing laughter helped me stay present and reminded me of how much joy I get from my team, whatever the circumstances. Ultimately, I have come to realize that being real at work is not a weakness, but rather a strength. For other scientists, that may mean talking more about hobbies or families. For me, it’s humour. Now, more than ever, it’s time to laugh. 1．The author put on a serious face at first to ________. A．win the respect of her family B．keep her personal life private C．avoid distractions in her research D．appear professional and dedicated 2．How did the author most probably feel after the 2024 show? A．Proud and confident. B．Relieved and lighthearted. C．Surprised and upset. D．Ashamed and embarrassed. 3．How did the author respond to her loss of funding? A．She poured her heart out to her workmates. B．She refused to accept the painful reality. C．She devoted herself to music making. D．She got through it with laughter. 4．What is the take-away message from the story? A．Come out of your shell. B．Please people around you. C．Stay serious to achieve goals. D．Prioritize humour in your life. ( 长难句一 原文：For much of my career, my fellow scientists only saw my “resting science face”, which shows the part of me worrying about conference talks or funding. ✅句子结构：which 引导非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词 “resting science face”；worrying about 为现在分词作后置定语。 主干：my fellow scientists only saw my “resting science face” 翻译：在我职业生涯很长一段时间里，同行科学家只看见我 “科研常态面孔”，这一面的我总在为学术会议报告或是科研经费发愁。 长难句二 原文：But making jokes and sharing laughter helped me stay present and reminded me of how much joy I get from my team, whatever the circumstances. ✅句子结构：动名词短语作主语；and 连接并列谓语；how much 引导宾语从句；whatever 引导让步状语从句。 主干：making jokes and sharing laughter helped me stay present and reminded me of… 翻译：但是开玩笑、分享欢笑让我活在当下，也让我意识到无论境遇如何，我都能从团队之中收获许多快乐。 ) ( 1. career /kəˈrɪə(r)/n. 职业，职业生涯 2. funding /ˈfʌndɪŋ/n. 资金，科研经费 3. excel /ɪkˈsel/v. 擅长，脱颖而出 4. persona /pɜːˈsəʊnə/n. 形象，外在人设 5. embarrassing /ɪmˈbærəsɪŋ/adj. 令人尴尬的 6. costume /ˈkɒstjuːm/n. 服装，演出服饰 7. credible /ˈkredəbl/adj. 可信的，可靠的 8. approachable /əˈprəʊtʃəbl/adj. 平易近人的 9. cancel /ˈkænsl/v. 取消 10. circumstance /ˈsɜːkəmstɑːns/n. 情况，境遇 11. satire /ˈsætaɪə(r)/n. 讽刺作品，讽刺文学 12. pursue /pəˈsjuː/v. 追求，致力于 13. ultimately /ˈʌltɪmətli/adv. 最终，归根结底 14. denial /dɪˈnaɪəl/n. 否认，逃避现实 15. experiment /ɪkˈsperɪmənt/v. 尝试，试验 ) 【综合实战演练】 语篇 题型 体裁 内容简介 Passage1 阅读理解 说明文 由学生 Jasmine 引出考试焦虑现象，讲解交感、副交感神经的作用，介绍呼吸、接地、感官感知三种平复焦虑的方法，呼吁教会学生保持冷静，而非一味比拼竞争。 Passage2 阅读理解 说明文 探讨课堂幽默对教与学的价值。合理运用幽默能够吸引学生、强化记忆、缓和压力，但幽默要有目的性、适度开展，不能沦为纯粹玩乐。 Passage3 阅读理解 记叙文 介绍 “阿富汗卓别林” Karim Asir，他模仿卓别林进行街头表演，希望用幽默给饱受战乱的阿富汗民众带去笑容，帮助人们暂时忘却苦难。 Passage4 阅读理解 议论文 探讨幽默与文化价值观的联系，辩证分析幽默的多重作用：运用于政治、社会生活、择偶交往；同时指出幽默存在负面影响，倡导以幽默视角看待人生。 Passage5 阅读理解 说明文 一项新研究表明：温和友善的幽默能够提升科学家亲和力与科研可信度，刻薄玩笑则适得其反；科普创作可巧用轻松幽默简化复杂知识，增进大众信任。 Passage6 阅读理解七选五 说明文 提出幽默感并非人类独有，列举狗、猿、海豚、老鼠等动物的逗弄、嬉戏行为，探讨动物戏弄同类的现象，思考幽默感在生物进化中的意义。 Passage7 完形填空 记叙文 介绍喜剧大师查理・卓别林经典的银幕流浪汉形象。他依靠肢体动作塑造笑点，无声表演跨越语言隔阂，平凡小人物在困境中永不放弃是其成功的关键。 Passage8 完形填空 记叙文 作者祖父离世后留下一本日记，记录生活里平凡美好的瞬间。阅读日记帮助作者走出悲伤，领悟幸福蕴藏于日常，作者开启写日记的方式传承这份生活智慧。 Passage9 语法填空 说明文 阐明幽默是人类长久以来重要的行为方式，结合马克・吐温、汪曾祺两位中外作家的事例，论证幽默是人格与生活态度的外在体现，对人类意义重大。 Passage10 语法填空 说明文 介绍相关科研结论：在困境中发掘趣味、巧用幽默能够减少负面情绪，帮助人们渡过难关；适度幽默可以调控消极情绪，还能感染身边其他人。 Passage 1 （25-26高二下·江苏常州·阶段检测）Jasmine is on my Zoom screen. She is pulling her hair. As she starts talking, the rate of the pulling increases. “My exam is on Friday,” she tells me. “What if I get a question I can’t answer? What if I don’t get a good grade?” Jasmine is just one of the students suffering from test anxiety. The word “anxiety” originates from Latin, meaning narrowing. The “narrowing” describes what’s happening in Jasmine’s nervous system. Basically, the sympathetic (交感神经) branch — fight-or-flight — has switched on, and her muscles have narrowed as if she’s preparing to do battle or run away. Commonly known as the “rest and digest” branch, the parasympathetic (副交感神经) nervous system plays an important role in thinking and learning by promoting a state of relaxation and calmness. When the parasympathetic nervous system is stirred up, it reduces stress and anxiety, improving focus and concentration. There are three simple tools for engaging the parasympathetic branch: breathing, grounding, and sensing. Breathing means a steady flow of breath; grounding means feeling the chair and the floor supporting you; and sensing means turning on one or more of the five senses. In more than 40 years of coaching test-takers, I have observed how often they hold their breath, how nervous and ungrounded they are, and how unaware they are of feeling the touch of clothes on their own bodies. No wonder people are exhausted by the end of a long test! When they use the three calming tools, they create the state necessary for sitting still, thinking, remembering, reasoning, and, finally, answering questions. We all face countless tests in everyday life. Unexpected, unwanted things happen to everyone. Wouldn’t it be a whole lot better if we faced the tests by being calm? In case you’re wondering, the answer is “Yes!” But the real question is: Instead of forcing students to progress through endless comparison and competition, why don’t we teach them how to stay calm? 1．Why does the author mention Jasmine in the first paragraph? A．To show students’ hard life. B．To introduce a problem students face. C．To compare different attitudes towards tests. D．To analyse students’ behaviors during video calls. 2．What change would the engagement of the parasympathetic nervous system bring? A．Improved attention. B．Worsened anxiety. C．Tightened muscles. D．Quickened response. 3．From the last paragraph we can infer that the writer thinks it important ________. A．to take some tests to make progress B．to attach importance to comparison and competition C．to learn to avoid unexpected and unwanted things in life D．to prepare students with the ways to keep calm during tests 4．What is the text mainly about? A．What do students face in tests. B．How to deal with test anxiety. C．How to engage the nervous system. D．What is the origin of the word “anxiety”. Passage 2 （25-26高二上·甘肃庆阳·期末）Can Humor Help Teaching and Learning? For years teachers have tried ways of bringing humor into the classroom to keep kids engaged, and Mary Kay Morrison, the author of the book *Using Humor to Maximize Learning, says brain research shows that it’s a good idea. “It improves learning and strengthens memories by gaining students’ attention and then helps them absorb the information,” she says. She notes that students surveyed on the topic say teachers who use humor are much more effective at inspiring them, engaging them, reducing their anxiety, exciting their interest in learning and developing positive teacher-student relationships. Experts say, however, that it has to be carried out properly to be effective. “A classroom without learning is a failed one, but the atmosphere can be playful and even joyful,” says Sean O’Brien, an award-winning English teacher at West Ranch High School in Stevenson Ranch, CA．, who has gained attention for his humor. “It probably shouldn’t be just any fun the way an amusement park is.” Morrison agrees but says it should be used often, and any teacher can try it. “It should be done intentionally (有意地) with thought, but all types of teachers can use humor effectively if they work at it.” She notes that humor gets students’ attention because it typically involves the unexpected, which “stimulates (刺激) the attention center of the brain” which, in turn, increases the likelihood of information recollection (回忆). Then, she says, humor actually activates more of the brain than many other activities in a classroom. So, a student who is just listening, for instance, is using one part of the brain but the humor will add to the stimulation. Morrison notes that it also has other, less obvious benefits — reducing stress for the teacher and the students, increasing creativity and energy in the classroom and creating and improving the atmosphere or culture. “Humor is a social lubricant (润滑剂),” she says. “It promotes trust, communication and goodwill, but must be done with thought and care.” 1．What does the underlined word “It” in paragraph 2 refer to? A．Brain research. B．Using humor in teaching. C．Gaining students’ attention. D．A positive teacher-student relationship. 2．What does Sean O’Brien think about classroom humor? A．It shouldn’t be overdone. B．It makes the teacher popular. C．It shouldn’t be carried out in science class. D．It brings as much fun as an amusement park. 3．What is paragraph 5 mainly about? A．Tools to activate more of the brain. B．The importance of getting students’ attention. C．The way that humor increases effectiveness in study. D．The reason the attention center of the brain works. 4．Which statement will the author probably disagree with? A．Humor in the classroom helps to keep students involved. B．Humor should be done by teachers unintentionally. C．Humor can give more stimulation to students. D．Humor can promote trust, communication and goodwill. Passage 3 （24-25高二上·广东佛山·阶段检测）Afghanistan (阿富汗) has its own version of the famous British comedy actor Charlie Chaplin. His name is Karim Asir. He wears make- up and clothes to look like Charlie Chaplin in his movies. Asir also uses similar physical movements. He performs on the streets and at events in the capital of Afghanistan, Kabul. Afghanistan has dealt with many years of war and widespread destruction brought by attacks. The 25- year- old actor says his goal is to use humour to help take people’s minds off the difficulties they face every day. “It is very simple. I want to give Afghans a reason to smile,” he said. Charlie Chaplin rose to fame during the silent film age of the 1920s. His movies became popular around the world. When young Asir and his family escaped to Iran in 1996, he watched Chaplin’s movies on television and became fond of the actor and the characters he played. One of the characters impressed Asir most was a funny- looking man known as the Little Tramp. This character had no money and was always getting into trouble. The creative method he used to get out of trouble was always being humorous. After returning to Afghanistan, Asir started wearing make- up and recreating Chaplin’s characters. He performs in public parks, homes for needy youth, as well as private parties and international aid agency events. “I want to give my people a chance to forget their problems such as war, conflicts, and insecurity,” he said. To do this, he keeps smiling while performing around the city and meeting with fans, but Asir says that inside, he cannot help but feel fearful about possible attacks. “I am afraid of getting attacked, but these issues cannot stop me from being Charlie Chaplin,” he said. 1．What does Asir want to do by using humour? A．To make himself look like Chaplin. B．To make people laugh and be happy. C．To earn money and support his family. D．To encourage people to face their difficulties. 2．Which of the following is true about Asir? A．Asir got to know Chaplin at the age of 25. B．Asir forgot the danger of war through acting. C．Asir began to perform after returning from Iran. D．Asir played the Little Tramp and became popular. 3．What is the best title of this article? A．Afghanistan: War and Peace. B．The Challenges of Being an Actor. C．The Story of the Afghan Charlie Chaplin. D．Charlie Chaplin: The World’s Greatest Comedian. Passage 4 （24-25高一下·福建福州·阶段检测）A culture’s values can be mirrored by its humor. Humor has been evaluated by many great minds such as Thomas Hobbes, who disliked humor, “Laughter is nothing else but sudden glory arising from some sudden thought of feeling far better than others.” He thought humor to be a negative quality of human narrow-mindedness. However, Mordechai Gordon, Ph.D．of Education, insists, “Humor allows us to view the world from an angle that is amusing rather than serious.” I agree with Gordon. Learning to look at the world through humor is important. In the United States, every four years an election occurs. Without humor as a way to express their feelings, how else would Americans keep from clawing their eyes out and going the way of lemming? Television shows like The Daily Show have become important parts of American culture. They are mothering the masses by metaphorically (隐喻地) taking politics into our mouths. They make politics fun. Of course, politics is only one type of humor. Social humor helps people through the twists and turns of the human condition. American pop culture promotes an unhealthy self-image. On the topic of self-image, Hari Kondabolu stands out. He has a joke about the popular musical group “The Pussycat Dolls” , describing their hit song “Don’t Cha” as a negative representation of women. He points out an obvious offence in American culture. A study from Loyola University of Maryland has shown that humor is one determining factor for selecting a mating partner. Amongst other things, mates look for an outstanding funny bone in a potential partner. Of course, humor is not always used for good purposes. Humor can be linked to vulgarity (庸俗) and racism, but, like everything else, it has potential to unite human beings by allowing us to laugh at ourselves, our failures and our connection with one another. Though life may seem tough and depressing at times, all I have to do is look in the mirror at my increased wrinkles (皱纹) to know that there is a comedy out there that even Chaplin wasn’t aware of. With that in mind, remember to laugh with humanity and sometimes at humanity. 1．Hobbes believed that humor ________. A．was only a way to laugh at others to make oneself feel better B．resulted in narrow mindedness of human beings C．had the power to mirror personal glory and national values D．was for people to view the world from another angle 2．What is the author’s attitude towards political humor? A．Worried. B．Disappointed. C．Curious. D．Appreciative. 3．The fourth paragraph is developed mainly ________. A．by example B．by process C．by comparison D．by classification 4．What can we learn from the last two paragraphs? A．Chaplin wasn’t aware of being laughed at. B．The author feels helpless and sad about getting older. C．Never be the one who laughs at other people. D．The author is determined to face life with a sense of humor. Passage 5 （25-26高二下·福建南平·期中）Politicians often use humor to win public support, but scientists traditionally avoid jokes, worried that a lighthearted tone might reduce their authority and, consequently, the trustworthiness of their findings. A new study challenges this idea, showing that well-chosen humor can actually make scientists more likable and their research more trustworthy. Led by Alexandra Lynn Frank from the University of Georgia, the research tested humor’s role in science communication through social media. The team created posts from a fictional scientist, Dr. Jamie Devon, sharing cartoons about artificial intelligence (AI). These posts used three humor styles: playful comparisons (like giving robots human characteristics), mean jokes about technology, or a mix of both. Some posts had no humor as a comparison. Over 2,200 participants viewed these posts in an online experiment. They rated how funny the content was, how much they liked the scientist, and how credible the information seemed. Results revealed that light, positive humor — such as showing AI as a curious robot asking questions — made the scientist feel more approachable and the research more reliable. However, mean or unfriendly jokes reduced trust in the scientist. “Humor helps people connect with scientists,” Frank explained. “When we laugh, we’re more open to listening.” But she stressed that jokes must feel natural, adding, “If the audience doesn’t find it funny, it could backfire.” For example, playful cartoons worked better than making fun of tech failures. The study advises scientists to avoid tough jokes targeting individuals. Instead, gentle humor that simplifies complex ideas — like comparing climate change to the Earth having a “fever” — can build interest and fight misinformation. While focused on AI, these tips apply to fields like health or environmental science. In today’s fast-paced digital world, humor could help scientists stand out on social media. Funny posts may attract more viewers, make tough topics easier to understand, and build public trust. The key is balancing fun with facts: lighthearted jokes don’t weaken authority but create friendly, memorable connections. Frank’s team hopes their findings encourage scientists to experiment with humor. As one participant noted, “A scientist who jokes feels more human — like someone I’d trust.” 1．Why do the scientists avoid using jokes in their communication? A．Because they think that using jokes wastes research time. B．Because they are afraid that jokes might confuse the public. C．Because they fear that jokes could make their work appear unreliable. D．Because they are worried that jokes might distract from scientific facts. 2．What does the underlined word “backfire” in paragraph 4 probably mean? A．Be effective. B．Make people laugh. C．Be natural. D．Have the opposite result. 3．According to the study, what kind of humor is recommended for scientists? A．Jokes that target individuals. B．Playful comparisons and gentle jokes. C．Making fun of technology failures. D．Using complex ideas to create humor. 4．What can be learned from the participant’s comment in Frank’s team? A．The audience should trust what scientists say. B．Lighthearted jokes make the posts easier to memorize. C．Frank’s team has succeeded in creating a relaxed academic atmosphere. D．Experiments with appropriate funniness actually gain greater acceptance. Passage 6 （24-25高二上·山西·期中）Laughter is a universal language for humans to connect with each other and form social bonds. Even as babies, we giggle (咯咯笑) when our parents pull funny faces, and then gradually learn to make others laugh as we grow up. But, is it a uniquely human experience? 1 Have you ever seen dogs let people come close to their toy, and then playfully run away with it? Biologist Charles Darwin saw this as the dog’s version of a practical joke. Marc Bekoff, biology professor at the University of Colorado, also observed dogs playfully teasing (捉弄) each other by approaching slowly and then quickly running away. 2 And he’s also said that animals may spend time doing silly things as a way to cope with stress. In a 2024 study, Isabelle Laumer and colleagues watched four ape (猿类) species interact with each other. 3 They saw young apes approach quietly behind an adult, push them to surprise them and then wait and watch the response, behaviour similar to that shown by human children. So, a sense of humour may have appeared early in our evolutionary timeline. 4 While playing, dogs sometimes produce a breathy snort (喷鼻息) that could sound like laughter. Dolphins let out sounds of joy when play-fighting. Rats make a joyful squeak similar to a giggle when they are tickled (逗乐), says Jeffrey Burgdorf, professor at Northwestern University. But, is a rat’s giggle really a sign of a sense of humour? Are the apes in Laumer’s study really joking around or just attention-seeking? What would be the evolutionary purpose of animals teasing and pranking? “In humans, humour can serve as an ice-breaker, removing social barriers and strengthening relationships,” says Laumer. “ 5 ” A．What about laughing? B．The sound of their laughter died away. C．Dogs can hear much better than humans. D．His work concluded that dogs just want to have fun. E．Meanwhile, they observed 18 distinct teasing behaviours. F．We don’t know if it’s the same in apes or other animals, but it’s possible. G．Scientists have observed behaviours in animals that suggest your pets might be secret jokesters. Passage 7 （25-26高二上·全国·课后作业）Everybody knows Charlie Chaplin, a world-­famous comedy actor. People everywhere have laughed at Charlie Chaplin’s humorous films 1 tears run down their faces. From his very first 2 they know what will happen. The little man is always with a black moustache, wide­open eyes, a round black hat and 3 too large for his feet. He will 4 through snow, and fall from windows. He will fight against men who are twice his 5 , and fall in love with women who can hardly notice him. The poor man that Charlie Chaplin 6 in dozens of films makes all kinds of stupid mistakes. He is always in trouble, but he never 7 . He dreams of becoming a great man. Even people who don’t understand English can 8 Chaplin’s films, because they are mostly 9 . It isn’t what he 10 that makes people laugh. His comedy doesn’t depend on words. It depends on little 11 which mean the same thing to people all over the world. Chaplin raises his thick eyebrows or rolls his eyes. He hides behind a fat lady or under a table to escape from his 12 . He dresses well and pretends to be a 13 and important man. It is all so hopeless and 14 that he makes us laugh. This is the 15 of Chaplin’s huge success. 1．A．if B．once C．because D．until 2．A．disappearance B．appearance C．words D．emotions 3．A．trousers B．scarfs C．shoes D．coats 4．A．sleep B．sit C．play D．struggle 5．A．length B．size C．greatness D．width 6．A．played B．recognized C．loved D．fooled 7．A．comes down B．gets away C．goes back D．gives up 8．A．forecast B．attain C．enjoy D．look 9．A．frightening B．silent C．pleasant D．moving 10．A．plays B．acts C．expects D．says 11．A．actions B．expressions C．stories D．words 12．A．enemies B．weaknesses C．characters D．films 13．A．poor B．sad C．rich D．beautiful 14．A．possible B．impossible C．instructive D．tired 15．A．mood B．beginning C．theory D．secret Passage 8 （25-26高二下·黑龙江大庆·期末）When my grandfather passed away, he left me a worn leather-bound journal filled with his elegant handwriting. For months, I could not open it, fearing the wave of grief that would 1 me. But one rainy afternoon, driven by 2 , I finally turned its yellowed pages. The journal was not a record of grand achievements, as I had 3 , but rather a collection of ordinary moments — the first robin of spring, the smell of freshly baked bread, my grandmother’s laughter. Each entry was brief, yet filled with a quiet wisdom that only someone who had truly lived could 4 . It was as if he were speaking to me. I was 5 by the way he had captured the beauty in the ordinary, transforming it into something extraordinary. As I read deeper, I understood that my grandfather had been developing 6 for decades. He had learned to slow down, observe, and appreciate what others regularly overlooked. His journal was his 7 to find joy in everyday life. “Happiness”, he wrote, “is not a destination to be 8 , but a way of travelling. It lives in the spaces between our ambitions, in the moments we pause to breathe.” This idea left a deep 9 on me. By the final page, something had 10 within me. The once unbearable grief had softened into something more 11 — a quiet gratitude for having shared this earth with such a remarkable soul. I closed the journal, no longer feeling the emptiness I had 12 for so long. That night, I began my own journal. I wrote about the rain against my window, the warmth of my tea, and the distant train. I was not merely recording events but 13 a tradition far older than myself. My grandfather’s journal had not been a farewell but a 14 , passed from one generation to the next. And now, 15 by him, I would carry it forward. 1．A．persuade B．accompany C．spot D．defeat 2．A．courage B．curiosity C．sympathy D．sorrow 3．A．admitted B．observed C．expected D．shown 4．A．suspect B．share C．possess D．complete 5．A．struck B．relieved C．troubled D．encouraged 6．A．effort B．independence C．gratitude D．generosity 7．A．plan B．symbol C．way D．habit 8．A．clarified B．reached C．expanded D．resisted 9．A．memory B．burden C．remark D．impression 10．A．increased B．changed C．remained D．deepened 11．A．adjustable B．sustainable C．dependable D．manageable 12．A．buried B．cast C．sought D．filled 13．A．carrying on B．building up C．setting aside D．giving up 14．A．challenge B．beginning C．contribution D．fortune 15．A．judged B．rejected C．inspired D．occupied Passage 9 （25-26高二上·贵州铜仁·期中）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入如1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Humour 1 (be) an essential part of human behaviour for thousands of years. It could not only entertain but also throw new light 2 sensitive or emotive issues. Closer to modern times, someone who 3 (remember) for his ability 4 (combine) humour with more serious messages is Mark Twain. Wang Zengqi, 5 is a Chinese writer famous for his own unique brand of humour, gives the best example to the word “humour”. In his essay “On Humour”, he noted humour’s abundance, 6 (make) one laugh alone. Wang saw humor as a 7 (reflect) of personality and life attitude. He exemplified this by humbly placing himself third to Gaoyou’s salted duck eggs. At a US speech, he joked about being last and promising a brief talk, 8 showed his wit. Indeed, some may argue that our need for humour is almost as great 9 our need for water and air.In the words of Mark Twain, “Humor is mankind’s greatest 10 (bless)”. Passage 10 （24-25高二上·云南曲靖·阶段检测）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 “Look on the bright side” is one of those 1 (suggestion) that people always consider inspiring but less 57. 2 (benefit). However, new research shows that finding something of interest in a terrible situation makes people quickly stop complaining. Besides, looking at a challenge with humor is a good method, 3 may even be helpful in preventing depressed people 4 feeling sad. In a study 5 (publish) earlier this year, researchers gave the participants some photos that show negative situations. Then they would describe these photos according to 6 request of researchers. Those using humorous words to describe the photos 7 (find) to have fewer negative emotions and more possibilities to go through a hard time in their life than those who described the photos 8 (direct). So there appear to be no disadvantages to looking at difficult things in your life with humor and lightness. The conclusion from the study is that for those at higher risk of depression, humor can develop an ability 9 (control) negative emotions. What’s more, humor has an extra benefit of 10 (make) others around you smile. Therefore, when you feel stressed and couldn’t focus your mind on what you are doing, find something that can make you laugh first. ( 1 / 29 ) 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $