Unit 4 Journey Across a Vast Land（重难词汇精练）英语人教版选择性必修第二册

**基本信息** 聚焦单元重难词汇，构建从基础词形到语篇应用的递进训练体系，提升词汇理解与表达的语言能力。 **专项设计** |模块|题量/典例|题型特征|知识逻辑| |----|-----------|----------|----------| |词汇基础练|6类题型（词性转换等）|聚焦词形变化、固定搭配及单句应用|从词形（转换）到词义（短语/单词）再到单句语境（语法填空/拼写/完成句子），形成词汇认知链| |词汇语境练|2类题型（语法填空、写作）|语篇中综合考查词汇运用|承接基础训练，通过语篇语法填空和应用文写作，实现词汇从单句到语篇的迁移，培养语言运用的学习能力|

Unit 4 Journey Across a Vast Land重难词汇精练 01 词汇基础练 1 一、词性转换 1 二、核心短语 1 三、重点单词 2 四、单句语法填空 2 五、单词拼写 6 六、完成句子 7 02 词汇语境练 9 一、语法填空 9 二、应用文写作 11 题型一、词性转换 1．pleasant adj.令人愉快的；友好的→please vt.(使)高兴；(使)满意→pleased adj.高兴的；满意的→pleasing adj.令人愉快的→pleasure n．快乐；乐趣 2．massive adj.巨大的；非常严重的→mass n．团；堆；许多；大量 3．breath n．呼吸的空气→breathe v．呼吸 4．freeze vi.& vt.(froze，frozen) 结冰；(使)冻住→freezing adj.极冷的；冰冻的→frozen adj.结冰的；冻僵的；冷冻的 5．astonish vt.使十分惊讶；使吃惊→astonishing adj.惊人的；令人惊讶的→astonished adj.感到惊讶的→astonishment n．惊讶 6．mist n．薄雾；水汽→misty adj.多雾的；模糊的 7．advertisement n．(informal ad)广告；启事→advertise vi.& vt.(为……)做广告/宣传；征聘 8．photographer n．摄影师；拍照者→photograph n．照片vi.& vt.(为……)拍照→photography n．摄影；摄影术 题型二、核心短语 1．take sb.’s breath away令人惊叹 2．a bunch of一束；一串；一群；大量 3．contrary to相反的；相对立的 4．proceed to sth.进而做(参加) 5．owe sth.to sb.欠(某人情)；把……归功于某人 题型三、重点单词 1. scenery 　　 n. 风景; 景色  2. duration n. 持续时间; 期间 3. toast n. 烤面包片; 吐司; 干杯 vt. 为……干杯 vi. 烤(尤指面包) 4. awesome adj. 令人惊叹的; 可怕的; 很好的 5. spectacular adj. 壮观的; 壮丽的; 惊人的 6. bound adj. 准备前往(某地); 一定会 7. literally  adv. 字面上; 真正地 8. highlight vt. 突出; 强调; 使醒目 n. 最好或最精彩的部分 9. arise vi. 起身; 出现; 由……引起 10. proceed vi. 行进; 继续做 题型四、单句语法填空 1．When they reached the top of the hill, they were all out of (breathe). 【答案】breath 【详解】句意：当他们到达山顶时，他们都喘不过气来了。本空作介词of的宾语，用名词breath。out of breath意为“喘不过气，上气不接下气”。 2． (freeze) rain made the roads dangerous for the procession. 【答案】Freezing 【详解】句意：冻雨使得队伍行进途中的道路变得十分危险。所填应是形容词，作定语，修饰空后名词“rain”。“freeze”，动词，意为“使冻结，结冰”，其形容词形式为“freezing(极冷的，冰冻的)”，置于句首，首字母大写。 3．The audience were (astonish) by his amazing performance on stage. 【答案】astonished 【详解】考查形容词。句意：观众们被他在舞台上令人惊叹的表演惊呆了。根据空前were可知，空处需用形容词作表语，此处主语The audience（观众）指人，需用提示词的形容词形式astonished“感到惊讶的”，be astonished by为固定搭配，意为“被……惊呆了”。故填astonished。 4．The company undertook a (mass) advertising campaign to boost its sales of the new product. 【答案】massive 【详解】考查形容词。句意：该公司开展了大规模的广告宣传活动，以提高新产品的销量。提示词修饰名词短语advertising campaign，应用形容词massive作定语，表示“大规模的”。故填massive。 5．With academic pressure accumulating, students with a wide range of mental problems already (arise). 【答案】have arisen 【详解】考查时态。句意：随着学业压力不断累积，已经出现了一大批存在各类心理问题的学生。空处作谓语，结合语境和时间状语already可知，此处指过去的动作对现在造成的影响，应用现在完成时，主语students是复数，助动词用have。故填have arisen。 6．There were (literal) thousands of people in the street dancing after the team won the championship. 【答案】literally 【详解】考查副词。句意：球队赢得冠军后，确实有成千上万的人在街上跳舞。there be句型结构完整，空处应填提示词的副词形式literally“确实”作状语，修饰数量词thousands of。故填literally。 7．This only enables people to leave these threatened (shore) for higher ground. 【答案】shores 【详解】考查名词。句意：这只能让人们离开这些受到威胁的海岸，前往地势更高的地方。shore“海岸”，可数名词，由空前these threatened可知，空处名词需用复数，作宾语。故填shores。 8．I’m just trying (highlight) things you already know a little bit about. 【答案】to highlight 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：我只是在努力强调一些你已经有所了解的内容。分析句子结构可知，这里考查try to do sth，意为“努力做某事”，所以此空应填不定式作宾语，符合语境。故填to highlight。 9．The target audience for this (advertise) was mainly teenagers. 【答案】advertisement 【详解】考查名词。句意：这则广告的主要受众是青少年。作介词的宾语，用名词advertisement，结合this可知为单数。故填advertisement。 10．English speakers from the US, the UK, Australia, and South Africa all have different (accent). 【答案】accents 【详解】考查名词复数。句意：来自美国、英国、澳大利亚和南非的说英语的人都有不同的口音。分析句子可知，设空处应填名词作宾语，且前面有different修饰，所以应用复数形式accents，符合语境。故填accents。 11．He’s so calm when he answers questions in interviews. I wish I could be that (coherence). 【答案】coherent 【详解】考查形容词。句意：他在面试中回答问题时非常冷静。我希望我能像他那样有条理。空处用于be动词后，应用形容词coherent“有条理的”作表语。故填coherent。 12．When (toast) someone’s health, you raise your glasses, but the glasses should not touch. 【答案】toasting 【详解】考查现在分词。句意：为某人的健康干杯时，你要举起酒杯，但酒杯不应相碰。分析句子可知，设空处为状语，逻辑主语you与toast之间为主动关系，所以应用现在分词toasting，符合语境。故填toasting。 13．It was a cool, (mist) morning when we woke up near Uvinza. 【答案】misty 【详解】考查形容词。句意：当我们在乌文扎附近醒来时，那是一个凉爽、有雾的早晨。空处用于名词morning之前，应用形容词misty“有雾的”，与cool并列，作定语。故填misty。 14．If you are lucky, you can see a vivid rainbow across two (peak). 【答案】peaks 【详解】考查名词。句意：如果你幸运的话，你可以看到两座山峰之间有一道绚丽的彩虹。peak“山峰”为可数名词，由空前的two可知，空处需填名词复数形式作宾语。故填peaks。 15．Everybody in the room was shocked by his (thunder) voice. 【答案】thundering 【详解】考查形容词。句意：房间里的每个人都被他如雷般的声音震惊了。空处用于修饰名词voice，表示“如雷般的”，应用形容词thundering作定语。故填thundering。 16．Picking two (bunch) of flowers to take home with her, she put them all into her bedroom. 【答案】bunches 【详解】考查名词复数。句意：摘了两束花带回家，她把它们都放进了卧室。根据空前数量词“two”可知，这里用名词复数形式。故填bunches。 17． (generous), the teacher forgave me for my wrongdoing. 【答案】Generously 【详解】考查副词。句意：老师宽宏大量地原谅了我的过错。空处用来修饰整个句子，表方式，用来说明老师原谅过错的态度，应用generous的副词形式generously作状语，意为“慷慨地，宽宏大量地”，且位于句首，首字母需大写。故填Generously。 18．We will wander in (tradition) small towns and end our tour with an exceptional museum in Shanghai. 【答案】traditional 【详解】考查形容词。句意：我们将漫步在传统的小镇，最后以参观上海一座别具一格的博物馆结束此次旅行。修饰名词small towns应用tradition的形容词形式traditional作定语，意为“传统的”。故填traditional。 19．She owes it to herself (finish) the work by the end of the day. 【答案】to finish 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：她理应在今天结束前完成这项工作。“owe it to oneself to do sth.”是固定句型，意为 “某人理应做某事；某人有责任做某事”，其中“it”是形式宾语，真正的宾语是后面的不定式短语。故填to finish。 20．When (face) with the new challenges, fast walkers are more likely to be active while quiet people tend to walk more slowly. 【答案】faced 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：当面临新的挑战时，行动迅速的人更有可能积极行动，而性格安静的人则往往会走得较慢。短语be faced with表示“面对”，此处为过去分词作状语。故填faced。 题型五、单词拼写 21．Everyone has been touched by the natural ____________.（景色） 【答案】scenery 【详解】考查名词。句意：每个人都被这自然景色所感动。该空作句子宾语，用名词，所以填scenery。 22．So long as no problems ________ (出现，发生) in this field, we will be pleased. 【答案】arise 【详解】句意：只要在这个领域没有出现问题，我们会很高兴。根据提示的汉语，表示“出现，发生”为动词arise，此处是So long as引导的条件状语从句，主句是一般将来时态，则从句用一般现在时态，主语为名词复数，所以谓语动词使用动词原形arise。 23．We have _______ (预料) such a large number of participants would join the volunteer program this year. 【答案】anticipated 【详解】句意：我们已经预料到，今年会有如此众多的参与者报名加入这项志愿项目。根据汉语提示，可用动词anticipate表示“预料”，且空处在助动词have后，应用过去分词形式anticipated,与空前的have构成现在完成时。 24．After walking the whole day, I was almost out of ________ (呼吸), not feeling bad, though. 【答案】breath 【详解】句意：走了一整天后，我几乎喘不过气来，不过感觉还不算糟糕。out of breath是固定短语，意为“喘不过气来，上气不接下气”，breath在该短语中作of的宾语。 25．I believe my sister is ____________ (一定会) to show interest in the photos taken here. 【答案】bound 【详解】句意：我相信我姐姐/妹妹一定会对在这里拍的照片产生兴趣。空处作表语，表示“一定会”用形容词bound，be bound to“一定会”是固定搭配。 26．The internet has brought about ________ (巨大的) changes in the way we communicate. 【答案】massive 【详解】句意：互联网给我们的交流方式带来了巨大的改变。空处修饰名词changes，形容词massive“巨大的”符合题意。 27．Visiting the ancient temple became the ________ (亮点) of their journey. 【答案】highlight 【详解】考查名词。句意：参观这座古老的寺庙成了他们此次旅行的最精彩亮点。“亮点”是highlight，Visiting the ancient temple表示一个事情，因此空格处用单数，故填highlight。 28．____________ (相反的) to what many people believe, there are a lot of vast and empty spaces in China, actually. 【答案】Contrary 【详解】句意：与许多人所认为的相反，中国实际上有很多广阔的空地。根据汉语提示“相反的”，结合固定搭配contrary to“与…… 相反”，句首单词首字母大写。 29．Please choose an  ________  (合适的) gift for your host during the festival visit. 【答案】appropriate 【详解】考查形容词。句意：请在节日拜访期间为主人挑选一份合适的礼物。“合适的”对应的英文单词是appropriate，在句中作定语修饰名词gift。故填appropriate。 30．The old shop which lies on the street corner displays a large number of valuable ___________ (古董) from different dynasties. 【答案】antiques 【详解】考查名词。句意：那家位于街角的老店陈列着大量来自不同朝代的珍贵古董。“古董”是antique，是可数名词，空前有a large number of，表示“大量的”，空格处用复数，故填antiques。 题型六、完成句子 31．All in all, their trip from Vancouver to Toronto had taken ______ ______ ______ four days. 总而言之，她们从温哥华到多伦多的旅程历时四天。 【答案】 a duration of 【详解】中英文句子对比可知，空处应填“历时”，可用固定短语a duration of，在这里表示旅程所持续的时间长度。 32．她先说不饿，接着却点了一份三道菜的大餐。 Having said she wasn’t hungry, she then ____________________ a three-course meal. 【答案】proceeded to order 【详解】考查固定短语和时态。根据句意可知，“接着做某事”译为“proceed to do sth.”，是固定短语；order表示“点（餐）”，此处用动词原形与to构成不定式，根据前文“Having said”可知，句子描述的是过去发生的动作，应用一般过去时，proceed的过去式是proceeded，符合语境。故填proceeded to order。 33．He stood at the door, ________________. 他站在门口，手里拿着一台笔记本电脑。 【答案】with a laptop in his hand 【详解】考查“with + 宾语 + 宾语补足语”结构。此处要用一个结构做状语来表示伴随的状况，“with + 宾语 + 宾语补足语”结构可以满足此需求，其中a laptop是宾语，“in his hand”表示位置，作宾语补足语，来描述他站在门口时伴随的具体状态，故填with a laptop in his hand。 34．相反，他在巴黎过得很快乐。 _________________, he had a wonderful time in Paris. 【答案】On the contrary 【详解】考查固定搭配。根据中英文可知，设空处表示“相反”，在句中作状语，所以可用介词短语on the contrary，意为“相反”。首字母应大写，故填On the contrary。 35．按双钮来录音。 Press both buttons ____________. 【答案】to record 【详解】考查动词不定式。根据句意以及句子结构可知，此处为动词不定式to do表示“为了……”作目的状语，满足句意要求，表示“录音”为动词record。故填to record。 36．尽管她认为物理枯燥无味，却学得很好。 She was good at physics ________________ the fact that she thought it boring. 【答案】despite/in spite of 【详解】考查介词和介词短语。根据英汉意思对比可知，空处应填“尽管”，应用despite 或 in spite of表达让步关系，其后接名词the fact，that引导同位语从句解释fact的内容。故填despite/in spite of。 37．这个故事充满惊奇，使读者屏息。 The story is full of surprises, which causes the readers to _______________. 【答案】hold their breath 【详解】考查动词不定式和动词短语。表示“屏住呼吸”应用动词短语hold one’s breath，根据the readers可知，形容词性物主代词应用their“他们的”。cause sb to do意为“致使某人做某事”，所以此处应用to do不定式作宾语补足语。故填hold their breath。 38．大卫只走了几米就绊了一跤，倒在地上，这使我的心沉了下去。 David had only gone a few metres before he tripped and fell flat on the ground，________________． 【答案】which made my heart sink 【详解】考查非限制性定语从句和时态。“这使我的心沉了下去”处理成which引导的非限制性定语从句，使我的心沉了下去为“make my heart sink”，陈述过去的事情，为一般过去时。故填which made my heart sink。 39．毫无疑问，用自己的双手劳动而不是依靠别人是非常有意义的。 There is no doubt that it is very meaningful to work with our own hands ________________. 【答案】rather than depend on others 【详解】考查固定短语。根据汉语提示，表示“而不是”含义的表达为：rather than，该表达表示并列关系，在本句中，空白处与上文动词不定式to work为并列关系，所以空白处填动词原形；表示“依靠别人”含义的表达为：depend on others，故填rather than depend on others。 40．看着丈夫抱着一束花，她呆住了，惊讶地张大了嘴。 Seeing her husband holding a bunch of flowers，she froze，her mouth dropping open________________. 【答案】in astonishment 【详解】考查介词短语。表示惊讶地，用介词短语in astonishment作状语。故填in astonishment。 题型一、语篇语法填空 （25-26高二下·内蒙古乌兰察布·期末）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或用所给单词的适当形式填空 On the west bank of the Grand Canal in Tongxiang, Jiaxing City, stands a 1,300-year-old ancient town —Wuzhen. A river divides the whole water town 1 four scenic sections, Dongzha, Xizha, Nanzha and Beizha. Since the latter two are less developed, 2 (tour) often prefer to visit Xizha and Dongzha. In Xizha, one may be amazed at the terrific scene of Bridge in Bridge 3 (create) by two ancient bridges. One of the bridges is Tongji Bridge crossing the river from east to west and the other is called Renji Bridge 4 (extend) from south to north. Either of the two bridges can 5 (see) through the arch of the other. Covering an area of 900,000 square meters, Dongzha has many scenic spots for people 6 (explore). Walking along the ancient streets, you will see museums 7 local unique wedding and folk customs on 8 (vary) festivals are being displayed. You can also learn about the interesting lifestyle of local people here. However, Wuzhen is not just about travel. In recent years, it 9 (become) a hub for creative economy and cultural exchanges. The water town has been picked as the permanent venue for the World Internet Conference, also known as 10 Wuzhen Summit (峰会). 【答案】 1．into 2．tourists 3．created 4．extending 5．be seen 6．to explore 7．where 8．various 9．has become 10．the 【导语】文章主要介绍了千年古镇乌镇的基本概况。 1．考查介词。句意：一条河将整个水乡划分成东栅、西栅、南栅、北栅四个景区。固定搭配divide...into...，表示“把……分成……”。 2．考查名词。句意：由于后两个景区开发程度较低，游客通常更愿意游览西栅和东栅。此处在句中作主语，需用名词形式，tour对应名词tourist表示“游客”，此处表泛指，用复数形式tourists。 3．考查非谓语动词。句意：在西栅，人们会惊叹于由两座古桥造就的奇特桥里桥景观。本句已有谓语动词，此处为非谓语作后置定语，scene与create为被动关系，需用过去分词created。 4．考查非谓语动词。句意：其中一座是东西向横跨河流的同济桥，另一座是南北延伸的仁济桥。本句已有谓语动词，此处为非谓语作后置定语，Renji Bridge与extend为主动关系，需用现在分词extending。 5．考查被动语态。句意：两座桥中的任意一座，都可以透过另一座的桥拱被看见。情态动词can后接动词原形，主语与see构成被动关系，故用be seen。 6．考查非谓语动词。句意：东栅占地90万平方米，有大量可供人们探索的景点。固定结构have sth. for sb. to do，用不定式to explore作后置定语修饰名词scenic spots。 7．考查定语从句。句意：漫步古街，你会看到博物馆，馆内会展出各类节日里当地独特的婚俗、民俗。空处引导定语从句，先行词为museums，表地点，从句缺少地点状语，用关系副词where引导定语从句。 8．考查形容词。句意同上。空格修饰名词festivals，需用形容词作定语，vary的形容词形式为various，表示“各种各样的”。 9．考查时态。句意：近些年，它已经成为创意经济与文化交流的枢纽。时间状语In recent years为现在完成时的标志，主语it为单数，谓语动词用has become。 10．考查冠词。句意：这座水乡被选定为世界互联网大会，也就是乌镇峰会的永久举办地。此处特指前文提到的世界互联网大会对应的乌镇峰会，需用定冠词the。 （25-26高二下·河北承德·期末）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Shennongjia, a well-known UNESCO protected scenic spot in China, was officially entitled as a “World Tourism Mountain”. The announcement 1 (release) at the opening ceremony of International Mountain Tourism Day. The ceremony 2 (hold) in Hubei Province on May 29, 2026 attracted wide public attention. The honor serves as a 3 (recognize) of Shennongjia’s unique ecological value and enormous tourism potential. This precious honor was granted by the International Mountain Tourism Alliance. Together with the famous Wuyi Mountain in Fujian Province, Shennongjia has become one of the two domestic scenic spots 4 win this distinguished global title this year. This fully shows that its unique natural landscapes and long-term devotion 5 ecological preservation have won wider international appreciation. 6 makes Shennongjia distinctive globally is its exclusive UNESCO “Triple Crown” (三重冠). It is the first scenic spot on the Chinese mainland 7 (gain) three top global titles: World Biosphere Reserve, Global Geopark and World Heritage Site. This rare honor highlights its 8 (exception) biodiversity and far-reaching geological significance. For global tourists and environmental researchers, this new status is undoubtedly far more than a simple title. It builds a global standard for 9 (comprehensive) integrating strict biodiversity conservation with sustainable green tourism. By properly 10 (balance) tourist demands and the protection of fragile ecosystems, Shennongjia is leading the way for eco-friendly and nature-based tourism across Asia. 【答案】 1．was released 2．held 3．recognition 4．that/which 5．to 6．What 7．to gain 8．exceptional 9．comprehensively 10．balancing 【导语】主要说明了2026年5月29日，神农架获评“世界旅游名山”，与武夷山一同获此殊荣。它拥有联合国教科文组织三重桂冠，凭借丰富生态与地质价值，为生态文明建设发展树立了全球典范。 1．考查谓语动词的时态语态。句意：该公告在国际山地旅游日开幕式上发布。主语announcement与release为被动关系，事件发生在过去，用一般过去时的被动语态，谓语用单数。 2．考查非谓语动词。句意：2026年5月29日在湖北省举行的仪式吸引了广泛关注。此处ceremony与hold为被动关系，用过去分词作后置定语。 3．考查名词。句意：这一荣誉旨在表彰神农架独特的生态价值和巨大的旅游潜力。固定搭配in recognition of 意为“表彰、认可”，介词in后接名词recognition。 4．考查定语从句。句意：与福建省著名的武夷山一样，神农架已成为今年获得这一殊荣的国内两大旅游景点之一。定语从句修饰先行词spots，指代某件事，在从句中作主语，故用关系代词that或which。 5．考查介词。句意：这充分表明，其独特的自然景观以及对生态保护的长期投入，赢得了更广泛的国际认可。固定搭配devotion to sth.表示“对……的奉献”，to为介词。 6．考查连词。句意：神农架之所以在全球范围内独具特色，是因为其拥有联合国教科文组织授予的“三冠”殊荣。引导主语从句，在从句中作主语，表示“……的事物”用what，首字母必须大写。 7．考查非谓语动词。句意：这是中国大陆首个获得三项全球顶级称号的景点：世界生物圈保护区、全球地质公园和世界遗产地。固定句型the first+名词+to do sth.表示“第一个做某事……”，不定式作后置定语。 8．考查形容词。句意：这一罕见的荣誉凸显了其非凡的生物多样性和深远的地质意义。修饰名词 biodiversity 需用形容词exceptional，作定语。 9．考查副词。句意：它为将严格的生物多样性保护与可持续绿色旅游全面融合，建立了一个全球标准。作状语，修饰动词 integrating用副词comprehensively。 10．考查非谓语动词。句意：通过合理平衡游客需求与脆弱生态系统的保护，神农架正引领着亚洲生态友好型和以自然为基础的旅游发展。介词by后接动名词形式，by doing表“通过做某事”。 题型二、应用文写作 （25-26高二下·河北保定·期末）假定你是李华，你的英国朋友Peter计划今年暑假来中国旅游，想了解中国的文化景点。 请你给他回信，内容包括： 1. 推荐一个文化景点； 2. 介绍该景点并提供游览建议。 注意：1. 写作词数应为80个左右； 2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Dear Peter, ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours, Li Hua 【答案】Dear Peter, I’m delighted to hear that you are planning to visit China this summer, and I’d like to recommend the Forbidden City, which is a world-famous cultural symbol. As the royal palace of ancient Chinese emperors, it has a history of more than 600 years and is famous for its splendid buildings and precious cultural relics. My advice is that you should go early in the morning to avoid heavy crowds, and you’d better take a map so that you can visit more smoothly. Yours, Li Hua 【导语】本篇书面表达要求考生给英国朋友Peter回信，介绍中国的文化景点。 1.词汇积累 避免：avoid→refrain from 举世闻名的：world-famous→globally renowned 壮观的：splendid →magnificent 宝贵的：precious→valuable 2.句式拓展 同义句转换 原句：As the royal palace of ancient Chinese emperors, it has a history of more than 600 years and is famous for its splendid buildings and precious cultural relics. 拓展句：Since it is the royal palace of ancient Chinese emperors, it has a history of more than 600 years and is famous for its splendid buildings and precious cultural relics. 【点睛】【高分句型1】I’m delighted to hear that you are planning to visit China this summer, and I’d like to recommend the Forbidden City, which is a world-famous cultural symbol. (运用了that引导的宾语从句和which引导的非限制性定语从句) 【高分句型2】My advice is that you should go early in the morning to avoid heavy crowds, and you’d better take a map so that you can visit more smoothly. (运用了that引导的表语从句，so that引导的目的状语从句) 1 / 14 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ Unit 4 Journey Across a Vast Land重难词汇精练 01 词汇基础练 1 一、词性转换 1 二、核心短语 1 三、重点单词 2 四、单句语法填空 2 五、单词拼写 6 六、完成句子 7 02 词汇语境练 9 一、语法填空 9 二、应用文写作 11 题型一、词性转换 1．pleasant adj.令人愉快的；友好的→ vt.(使)高兴；(使)满意→ adj.高兴的；满意的→ adj.令人愉快的→ n．快乐；乐趣 2．massive adj.巨大的；非常严重的→ n．团；堆；许多；大量 3．breath n．呼吸的空气→ v．呼吸 4．freeze vi.& vt.(froze，frozen) 结冰；(使)冻住→ adj.极冷的；冰冻的 → adj.结冰的；冻僵的；冷冻的 5．astonish vt.使十分惊讶；使吃惊→ adj.惊人的；令人惊讶的→ adj.感到惊讶的→ n．惊讶 6．mist n．薄雾；水汽→ adj.多雾的；模糊的 7．advertisement n．(informal ad)广告；启事→ vi.& vt.(为……)做广告/宣传；征聘 8．photographer n．摄影师；拍照者→ n．照片vi.& vt.(为……)拍照→ n．摄影；摄影术 题型二、核心短语 1．take sb.’s breath away 2．a bunch of 3．contrary to 4．proceed to sth. 5．owe sth.to sb. 题型三、重点单词 1. ________________　　 n. 风景; 景色  2. ________________ n. 持续时间; 期间 3. ________________ n. 烤面包片; 吐司; 干杯 vt. 为……干杯 vi. 烤(尤指面包) 4. ________________ adj. 令人惊叹的; 可怕的; 很好的 5. ________________ adj. 壮观的; 壮丽的; 惊人的 6. ________________ adj. 准备前往(某地); 一定会 7. ________________ adv. 字面上; 真正地 8. ________________ vt. 突出; 强调; 使醒目 n. 最好或最精彩的部分 9. ________________ vi. 起身; 出现; 由……引起 10. ________________ vi. 行进; 继续做 题型四、单句语法填空 1．When they reached the top of the hill, they were all out of (breathe). 2． (freeze) rain made the roads dangerous for the procession. 3．The audience were (astonish) by his amazing performance on stage. 4．The company undertook a (mass) advertising campaign to boost its sales of the new product. 5．With academic pressure accumulating, students with a wide range of mental problems already (arise). 6．There were (literal) thousands of people in the street dancing after the team won the championship. 7．This only enables people to leave these threatened (shore) for higher ground. 8．I’m just trying (highlight) things you already know a little bit about. 9．The target audience for this (advertise) was mainly teenagers. 10．English speakers from the US, the UK, Australia, and South Africa all have different (accent). 11．He’s so calm when he answers questions in interviews. I wish I could be that (coherence). 12．When (toast) someone’s health, you raise your glasses, but the glasses should not touch. 13．It was a cool, (mist) morning when we woke up near Uvinza. 14．If you are lucky, you can see a vivid rainbow across two (peak). 15．Everybody in the room was shocked by his (thunder) voice. 16．Picking two (bunch) of flowers to take home with her, she put them all into her bedroom. 17． (generous), the teacher forgave me for my wrongdoing. 18．We will wander in (tradition) small towns and end our tour with an exceptional museum in Shanghai. 19．She owes it to herself (finish) the work by the end of the day. 20．When (face) with the new challenges, fast walkers are more likely to be active while quiet people tend to walk more slowly. 题型五、单词拼写 21．Everyone has been touched by the natural ____________.（景色） 22．So long as no problems ________ (出现，发生) in this field, we will be pleased. 23．We have _______ (预料) such a large number of participants would join the volunteer program this year. 24．After walking the whole day, I was almost out of ________ (呼吸), not feeling bad, though. 25．I believe my sister is ____________ (一定会) to show interest in the photos taken here. 26．The internet has brought about ________ (巨大的) changes in the way we communicate. 27．Visiting the ancient temple became the ________ (亮点) of their journey. 28．____________ (相反的) to what many people believe, there are a lot of vast and empty spaces in China, actually. 29．Please choose an  ________  (合适的) gift for your host during the festival visit. 30．The old shop which lies on the street corner displays a large number of valuable ___________ (古董) from different dynasties. 题型六、完成句子 31．All in all, their trip from Vancouver to Toronto had taken ______ ______ ______ four days. 总而言之，她们从温哥华到多伦多的旅程历时四天。 32．她先说不饿，接着却点了一份三道菜的大餐。 Having said she wasn’t hungry, she then ____________________ a three-course meal. 33．He stood at the door, ________________. 他站在门口，手里拿着一台笔记本电脑。 34．相反，他在巴黎过得很快乐。 _________________, he had a wonderful time in Paris. 35．按双钮来录音。 Press both buttons ____________. 36．尽管她认为物理枯燥无味，却学得很好。 She was good at physics ________________ the fact that she thought it boring. 37．这个故事充满惊奇，使读者屏息。 The story is full of surprises, which causes the readers to _______________. 38．大卫只走了几米就绊了一跤，倒在地上，这使我的心沉了下去。 David had only gone a few metres before he tripped and fell flat on the ground，________________． 39．毫无疑问，用自己的双手劳动而不是依靠别人是非常有意义的。 There is no doubt that it is very meaningful to work with our own hands ________________. 40．看着丈夫抱着一束花，她呆住了，惊讶地张大了嘴。 Seeing her husband holding a bunch of flowers，she froze，her mouth dropping open________________. 题型一、语篇语法填空 （25-26高二下·内蒙古乌兰察布·期末）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或用所给单词的适当形式填空 On the west bank of the Grand Canal in Tongxiang, Jiaxing City, stands a 1,300-year-old ancient town —Wuzhen. A river divides the whole water town 1 four scenic sections, Dongzha, Xizha, Nanzha and Beizha. Since the latter two are less developed, 2 (tour) often prefer to visit Xizha and Dongzha. In Xizha, one may be amazed at the terrific scene of Bridge in Bridge 3 (create) by two ancient bridges. One of the bridges is Tongji Bridge crossing the river from east to west and the other is called Renji Bridge 4 (extend) from south to north. Either of the two bridges can 5 (see) through the arch of the other. Covering an area of 900,000 square meters, Dongzha has many scenic spots for people 6 (explore). Walking along the ancient streets, you will see museums 7 local unique wedding and folk customs on 8 (vary) festivals are being displayed. You can also learn about the interesting lifestyle of local people here. However, Wuzhen is not just about travel. In recent years, it 9 (become) a hub for creative economy and cultural exchanges. The water town has been picked as the permanent venue for the World Internet Conference, also known as 10 Wuzhen Summit (峰会). （25-26高二下·河北承德·期末）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Shennongjia, a well-known UNESCO protected scenic spot in China, was officially entitled as a “World Tourism Mountain”. The announcement 1 (release) at the opening ceremony of International Mountain Tourism Day. The ceremony 2 (hold) in Hubei Province on May 29, 2026 attracted wide public attention. The honor serves as a 3 (recognize) of Shennongjia’s unique ecological value and enormous tourism potential. This precious honor was granted by the International Mountain Tourism Alliance. Together with the famous Wuyi Mountain in Fujian Province, Shennongjia has become one of the two domestic scenic spots 4 win this distinguished global title this year. This fully shows that its unique natural landscapes and long-term devotion 5 ecological preservation have won wider international appreciation. 6 makes Shennongjia distinctive globally is its exclusive UNESCO “Triple Crown” (三重冠). It is the first scenic spot on the Chinese mainland 7 (gain) three top global titles: World Biosphere Reserve, Global Geopark and World Heritage Site. This rare honor highlights its 8 (exception) biodiversity and far-reaching geological significance. For global tourists and environmental researchers, this new status is undoubtedly far more than a simple title. It builds a global standard for 9 (comprehensive) integrating strict biodiversity conservation with sustainable green tourism. By properly 10 (balance) tourist demands and the protection of fragile ecosystems, Shennongjia is leading the way for eco-friendly and nature-based tourism across Asia. 题型二、应用文写作 （25-26高二下·河北保定·期末）假定你是李华，你的英国朋友Peter计划今年暑假来中国旅游，想了解中国的文化景点。 请你给他回信，内容包括： 1. 推荐一个文化景点； 2. 介绍该景点并提供游览建议。 注意：1. 写作词数应为80个左右； 2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Dear Peter, ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours, Li Hua 1 / 14 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $