Unit 4 The Earth单元重点易错专项训练2026-2027学年沪教版七年级英语上册

**基本信息** 以9大核心考点为框架，通过“易错速记+三层训练+详细解析”系统构建知识网络，强化语言能力与思维品质。 **专项设计** |模块|题量/典例|方法提炼|知识逻辑| |----|-----------|----------|----------| |There be句型|9题|结构/就近原则/时态变化|从基础结构到时态拓展，层层递进| |名词语法|9题|可数与不可数辨析/修饰词搭配|概念辨析到语境应用，逻辑清晰| |比较等级|9题|规则/不规则变化/叠加结构|从基础比较到句式拓展，逐步深化| |情态动词|9题|义务/能力表达及否定|主观与客观语气区分，精准应用| |动词短语|9题|固定搭配及介词辨析|从短语构成到语境运用，强化记忆| |条件从句|9题|主将从现等三大原则|从句时态规则到句式转换，逻辑严谨| |被动语态|9题|be+done结构及时态|主动被动转换，突出应用场景| |综合考点|9题|as...as/最高级等句式|多知识点融合，提升综合运用能力|

Unit 4 The Earth · 单元重点易错专项训练 沪教版（新版）七年级上册 Unit 4 The Earth 单元重点易错专项训练 （9大考点 · 基础+提升+拓展 三层训练 · 附详细解析） ★ 考点一：There be 句型（存在句）基本结构与主谓一致 ★ ⚠ 易错速记：① 结构：There + be + 主语 + 地点/时间状语；② 就近原则：be动词由最近的主语决定（There is a book and two pens → is）；③ 主语单数/不可数→is；复数→are；④ 易错：不能说There have（There have × → There are √）；⑤ 过去时There was/were；将来There will be；⑥ 否定在be后加not，some→any ▷ 基础题（选择题） ▷（ ）1. There ______ a lot of water in the bottle. A. is B. are C. have D. has ▷（ ）2. There ______ many trees and a river in the park. A. is B. are C. have D. has ▷（ ）3. ______ there any fish in the lake? A. Is B. Are C. Have D. Has ◇ 提升题（选择题） ◇（ ）1. There ______ a football match and two concerts this weekend. A. is B. are C. have D. will have ◇（ ）2. There ______ some milk in the fridge yesterday. A. is B. are C. was D. were ◇（ ）3. ______ there going to be a meeting tomorrow? A. Is B. Are C. Will D. Do ★ 拓展题（用适当形式填空） ★（ ）1. There ______ (be) no air or water on the moon. ★（ ）2. There ______ (be) many kinds of animals in the forest. ★（ ）3. There used ______ (be) a small village here. ★ 考点二：可数名词与不可数名词辨析 ★ ⚠ 易错速记：① 不可数：water/air/food/pollution/energy/information/advice/paper/rubbish/plastic（无复数不加s）；② 可数：tree/animal/river/mountain/planet（有单复数）；③ many + 可复；much + 不可数；a lot of + 两者均可；④ 易错：pollution不可数（不说pollutions）；fish表种类可数，表鱼肉不可数；people本身就是复数 ▷ 基础题（选择题） ▷（ ）1. We should reduce ______ in our daily life. A. pollutions B. pollution C. a pollution D. the pollutions ▷（ ）2. There is much ______ in the bottle. A. waters B. water C. a water D. the waters ▷（ ）3. How many ______ are there in the park? A. tree B. trees C. water D. air ◇ 提升题（选择题） ◇（ ）1. The ______ in this city is getting worse. A. airs B. air C. an air D. the airs ◇（ ）2. Lily gave me some useful ______ on how to save energy. A. advices B. advice C. a advice D. the advices ◇（ ）3. We need to save ______ and ______. A. water; energies B. waters; energy C. water; energy D. waters; energies ★ 拓展题（用适当形式填空） ★（ ）1. Too much ______ (pollute) makes the river dirty. ★（ ）2. There are many ______ (kind) of fish in the sea. ★（ ）3. We should not waste ______ (water) or ______ (paper). ★ 考点三：形容词/副词比较级与最高级 ★ ⚠ 易错速记：① 规则变化：tall→taller→tallest；large→larger→largest；busy→busier→busiest；② 不规则：good/well→better→best；bad/ill→worse→worst；many/much→more→most；little→less→least；far→farther/further→farthest/furthest；③ than用于两者比较；④ 易错：比较级前可用much/a little修饰（much taller）；最高级前必须有the ▷ 基础题（选择题） ▷（ ）1. The Earth is ______ than the moon. A. big B. bigger C. biggest D. the biggest ▷（ ）2. Qomolangma is the ______ mountain in the world. A. high B. higher C. highest D. the higher ▷（ ）3. Jam runs ______ than Chen Wu. A. fast B. faster C. fastest D. the fastest ◇ 提升题（选择题） ◇（ ）1. The weather in Kunming is ______ than in Jinan. A. much more better B. much better C. more better D. the better ◇（ ）2. This is the ______ movie I have ever watched. A. most interesting B. more interesting C. most interested D. more interested ◇（ ）3. The more we learn, ______ we know. A. the more B. more C. the most D. most ★ 拓展题（用适当形式填空） ★（ ）1. The air in the countryside is ______ (clean) than in the city. ★（ ）2. She is one of the ______ (hard-working) students in our class. ★（ ）3. The ______ (little) water we use, the better. ★ 考点四：比较级叠加（more and more / fewer and fewer / less and less） ★ ⚠ 易错速记：① more and more + 原级（可数/不可数均可）：more and more beautiful / more and more pollution；② fewer and fewer + 可复（越来越少）：fewer and fewer trees；③ less and less + 不可数（越来越少）：less and less water；④ 易错：few→fewer→fewest（可数）；little→less→least（不可数）；不能混用less and less trees（× 应fewer and fewer trees） ▷ 基础题（选择题） ▷（ ）1. There is ______ and ______ clean water in the river. A. few; few B. fewer; fewer C. less; less D. little; little ▷（ ）2. ______ and ______ people are planting trees. A. Many; many B. More; more C. Much; much D. Few; few ▷（ ）3. There are ______ and ______ fish in the lake. A. less; less B. little; little C. fewer; fewer D. few; few ◇ 提升题（选择题） ◇（ ）1. The Earth is becoming ______ and ______ polluted. A. much; much B. more; more C. many; many D. most; most ◇（ ）2. Because of deforestation, there are ______ and ______ forests. A. less; less B. little; little C. fewer; fewer D. few; few ◇（ ）3. We have ______ and ______ time to finish the work. A. less; less B. fewer; fewer C. little; little D. few; few ★ 拓展题（用适当形式填空） ★（ ）1. It is getting ______ and ______ (warm) because of global warming. ★（ ）2. There are ______ and ______ (few) wild animals in the forest. ★（ ）3. We should use ______ and ______ (little) plastic. ★ 考点五：情态动词（must/should/have to/can/could）表义务与能力 ★ ⚠ 易错速记：① must 必须（主观强烈）：must stop pollution；否定mustn't = 禁止（≠ don't have to不必）；② should 应该（温和建议）；③ have to 不得不（客观迫使）：三单has to；过去had to；④ can/could 能/可以（能力/许可）；⑤ 易错：must提问否定用needn't；have to有人称/时态变化；mustn't≠don't have to ▷ 基础题（选择题） ▷（ ）1. We ______ protect the Earth because it is our home. A. can B. must C. could D. may ▷（ ）2. You ______ throw rubbish into the river. A. must B. should C. mustn't D. need ▷（ ）3. Jam ______ get up early to catch the bus. A. have to B. has to C. had to D. will have to ◇ 提升题（选择题） ◇（ ）1. — Must I finish the homework now? — No, you ______. A. mustn't B. needn't C. can't D. shouldn't ◇（ ）2. Lily ______ speak three languages fluently. A. can B. must C. has to D. should ◇（ ）3. When Chen Wu was young, he ______ walk to school every day. A. has to B. have to C. had to D. will have to ★ 拓展题（用适当形式填空） ★（ ）1. We must ______ (stop) cutting down too many trees. ★（ ）2. You don't have ______ (go) to school on Sunday. ★（ ）3. ______ (can) you please turn off the lights when you leave? ★ 考点六：核心动词短语（provide with/take care of/look after/cut down/pick up/throw into） ★ ⚠ 易错速记：① provide sb with sth / provide sth for sb 提供；② take care of = look after = care for 照顾/爱护；③ cut down 砍倒（cut down trees）；④ pick up 捡起；⑤ throw...into 扔进；⑥ put...into 放进；⑦ 易错：provide with中with后接人（provide us with air）；throw rubbish into river ▷ 基础题（选择题） ▷（ ）1. The Earth provides us ______ air, water and food. A. in B. on C. with D. for ▷（ ）2. We should take care ______ our environment. A. in B. on C. with D. of ▷（ ）3. Please don't cut ______ too many trees. A. in B. on C. down D. up ◇ 提升题（选择题） ◇（ ）1. Lily, please pick ______ the rubbish on the ground. A. in B. on C. up D. down ◇（ ）2. Don't throw rubbish ______ the river. A. in B. into C. on D. at ◇（ ）3. The trees provide shade ______ us in summer. A. in B. on C. with D. for ★ 拓展题（用适当形式填空） ★（ ）1. We should look ______ (介词) the animals in the zoo. ★（ ）2. Please put the waste paper ______ (into/in) the bin. ★（ ）3. The farmer cut ______ (down/up) many trees last year. ★ 考点七：if 条件状语从句（主将从现/主祈从现/主情从现） ★ ⚠ 易错速记：① 主将从现：If it rains, I will stay at home.（if从句用一般现在时，主句用will+原形）；② 主祈从现：If you see litter, please pick it up.（主句用祈使句）；③ 主情从现：If we want clean air, we must plant trees.（主句用情态动词）；④ 易错：if从句绝不用will（× If it will rain...）；unless = if...not ▷ 基础题（选择题） ▷（ ）1. If it ______ tomorrow, we will stay at home. A. rains B. will rain C. rained D. is raining ▷（ ）2. If you see rubbish, please ______ it up. A. pick B. picks C. picked D. will pick ▷（ ）3. If we ______ hard, we will pass the exam. A. study B. studies C. will study D. studied ◇ 提升题（选择题） ◇（ ）1. If there ______ no air, people ______ not live on Earth. A. is; will B. will be; will C. is; can D. are; will ◇（ ）2. Unless it ______, we will go for a walk. A. rains B. will rain C. rained D. is raining ◇（ ）3. If everyone ______ to save water, we will have enough. A. try B. tries C. tried D. will try ★ 拓展题（用适当形式填空） ★（ ）1. If it is sunny, we ______ (go) on a picnic. ★（ ）2. If you ______ (not recycle), more waste will go to landfill. ★（ ）3. If Chen Wu has time, he ______ (help) us clean the park. ★ 考点八：被动语态初步（be + done 一般现在/过去时） ★ ⚠ 易错速记：① 结构：be + 过去分词（is/are + done 现在；was/were + done 过去）；② 主动→被动：把宾语变主语，动词变be done；③ 常见：The Earth is covered by forests. / The river was polluted by factories.；④ 不及物动词无被动（happen/take place/break out无被动）；⑤ 易错：cover→covered；pollute→polluted；build→built；make→made ▷ 基础题（选择题） ▷（ ）1. The Earth ______ covered by water and land. A. is B. are C. was D. were ▷（ ）2. The river ______ polluted by the factory last year. A. is B. are C. was D. were ▷（ ）3. Trees ______ planted by the students every year. A. is B. are C. was D. were ◇ 提升题（选择题） ◇（ ）1. The Great Wall ______ built thousands of years ago. A. is B. are C. was D. were ◇（ ）2. A lot of plastic ______ used in our daily life. A. is B. are C. was D. were ◇（ ）3. The accident ______ (not happen) on purpose. A. is not happened B. did not happen C. was not happened D. does not happen ★ 拓展题（用适当形式填空） ★（ ）1. The room ______ (clean) by Lily every day. ★（ ）2. The book ______ (write) by a famous scientist. ★（ ）3. Many houses ______ (build) in the village last year. ★ 考点九：综合考点（as...as / one of the + 最高级 / because of / 环境保护交际） ★ ⚠ 易错速记：① as + 原级 + as 和…一样（as tall as / as much as）；否定用not as/so...as；② one of + the + 最高级 + 复数名词（one of the most beautiful places）；③ because of + 名词/doing（because of pollution）；④ 环境保护交际：We should... / Let's... / It's important to... / What a pity!；⑤ 易错：one of后接复数名词；because of后不接句子 ▷ 基础题（选择题） ▷（ ）1. The air in the forest is ______ fresh ______ that in the city. A. as; as B. so; as C. more; than D. the; the ▷（ ）2. Qomolangma is one of the ______ mountains in the world. A. high B. higher C. highest D. most high ▷（ ）3. The match was cancelled ______ the heavy rain. A. because B. because of C. so D. since ◇ 提升题（选择题） ◇（ ）1. The Yangtze River is ______ longest river in China. A. a B. an C. the D. / (不填) ◇（ ）2. Kunming is famous ______ its beautiful flowers. A. in B. on C. for D. at ◇（ ）3. — Let's plant more trees! — ______! A. Good idea B. That's all right C. Never mind D. You're welcome ★ 拓展题（用适当形式填空） ★（ ）1. The Earth is one of the ______ (beautiful) planets in the solar system. ★（ ）2. We should use cars ______ (little) to reduce pollution. ★（ ）3. It is important for us ______ (protect) the environment. U0001F4D6 参考答案与详细解析 ◎考点一：There be 句型 【基础题】 1. There ______ a lot of water. 答案：A。解析：water不可数，用is。There be遵循就近/主语一致原则。 2. There ______ many trees and a river. 答案：B。解析：就近原则，最近主语many trees复数用are。 3. ______ there any fish in the lake? 答案：B。解析：fish表鱼可数复数，用Are。疑问把are提前。 【提升题】 1. There ______ a match and two concerts. 答案：A。解析：就近原则，最近主语a match单数用is。 2. There ______ some milk yesterday. 答案：C。解析：milk不可数+yesterday过去时用was。 3. ______ there going to be a meeting? 答案：A。解析：There is going to be。疑问把is提前。 【拓展题】 1. There is no air. 答案：is。解析：air不可数，用is。There is no air没有空气。 2. There are many kinds. 答案：are。解析：many kinds复数用are。 3. There used to be. 答案：to be。解析：used to do 过去常常有。There used to be。 ◎考点二：可数与不可数名词 【基础题】 1. reduce ______ in daily life. 答案：B。解析：pollution不可数，无复数不加s。减少污染。 2. much ______ in the bottle. 答案：B。解析：water不可数。much修饰不可数。不说waters。 3. How many ______ in the park? 答案：B。解析：how many + 可复。tree→trees。 【提升题】 1. The ______ is getting worse. 答案：B。解析：air不可数。不说airs。空气越来越差。 2. some useful ______ on saving energy. 答案：B。解析：advice不可数。some修饰不可数。不说advices。 3. save ______ and ______. 答案：C。解析：water和energy都不可数。不加s。 【拓展题】 1. Too much pollution. 答案：pollution。解析：pollute动词→pollution名词（不可数）。 2. many kinds. 答案：kinds。解析：kind可数复数kinds。many修饰复数。 3. waste water or paper. 答案：water; paper。解析：两者均不可数，无复数形式。 ◎考点三：比较级与最高级 【基础题】 1. The Earth is ______ than the moon. 答案：B。解析：than提示比较级。big→bigger。地球比月亮大。 2. the ______ mountain in the world. 答案：C。解析：in the world提示最高级。high→highest。最高级前加the。 3. Jam runs ______ than Chen Wu. 答案：B。解析：than提示比较级。fast→faster。 【提升题】 1. much ______ than. 答案：B。解析：much修饰比较级better。better本身是比较级，不加more。 2. the ______ movie I have ever watched. 答案：A。解析：ever watched提示最高级。interesting→most interesting。修饰物用interesting。 3. The more we learn, ______ we know. 答案：A。解析：the + 比较级..., the + 比较级... 越...越...。the more固定搭配。 【拓展题】 1. cleaner than. 答案：cleaner。解析：clean→cleaner。than提示比较级。 2. one of the most hard-working. 答案：most hard-working。解析：one of the + 最高级 + 复数。hard-working→most hard-working。 3. The less water. 答案：less。解析：little修饰不可数water→less。The less...the better越少越好。 ◎考点四：比较级叠加（more/fewer/less and more/fewer/less） 【基础题】 1. ______ and ______ clean water. 答案：C。解析：water不可数→less and less。越来越少的水。 2. ______ and ______ people planting trees. 答案：B。解析：people复数可数→more and more。越来越多。 3. ______ and ______ fish in the lake. 答案：C。解析：fish可数复数→fewer and fewer。越来越少。 【提升题】 1. becoming ______ and ______ polluted. 答案：B。解析：polluted是形容词，用more and more修饰。越来越被污染。 2. ______ and ______ forests. 答案：C。解析：forests复数可数→fewer and fewer。越来越少。 3. ______ and ______ time. 答案：A。解析：time不可数→less and less。越来越少的时间。 【拓展题】 1. warmer and warmer. 答案：warmer。解析：warm→warmer。more and more warm×→warmer and warmer。 2. fewer and fewer. 答案：fewer。解析：animals可数复数→fewer and fewer。 3. less and less plastic. 答案：less。解析：plastic不可数→less and less。 ◎考点五：情态动词（must/should/have to/can） 【基础题】 1. We ______ protect the Earth. 答案：B。解析：must 必须。主观强烈义务。地球是家必须保护。 2. You ______ throw rubbish into river. 答案：C。解析：mustn't 禁止。不允许把垃圾扔进河里。 3. Jam ______ get up early. 答案：B。解析：Jam单数→has to。客观迫使不得不早起。 【提升题】 1. Must I finish now? No, you ______. 答案：B。解析：must提问否定回答用needn't不必。不是mustn't禁止。 2. Lily ______ speak three languages. 答案：A。解析：can 能/能够。表示能力。 3. When young, he ______ walk to school. 答案：C。解析：过去时→had to。小时候不得不步行上学。 【拓展题】 1. must stop. 答案：stop。解析：must + 动词原形stop。必须停止。 2. don't have to go. 答案：to go。解析：have to + 原形go。星期天不必上学。 3. Can you please turn off. 答案：Can。解析：can表示请求/许可。Could更礼貌但Can也正确。 ◎考点六：核心动词短语（provide/take care of/cut down/pick up/throw into） 【基础题】 1. provides us ______ air. 答案：C。解析：provide sb with sth 提供某人某物。with后接人。 2. take care ______ environment. 答案：D。解析：take care of 照顾/爱护。固定短语。 3. cut ______ too many trees. 答案：C。解析：cut down 砍倒。砍树用cut down。 【提升题】 1. pick ______ the rubbish. 答案：C。解析：pick up 捡起。捡起地上的垃圾。 2. throw rubbish ______ the river. 答案：B。解析：throw...into... 把...扔进...。into强调进入内部。 3. provide shade ______ us. 答案：D。解析：provide sth for sb。shade是物，for后人。provide shade for us。 【拓展题】 1. look after. 答案：after。解析：look after = take care of 照顾。照顾动物园的动物。 2. put...into the bin. 答案：into。解析：put...into... 把...放进...。把废纸放进垃圾桶。 3. cut down. 答案：down。解析：cut down 砍倒。砍树用cut down。 ◎考点七：if 条件状语从句 【基础题】 1. If it ______ tomorrow. 答案：A。解析：主将从现。if从句用一般现在时rains，不用will rain。 2. If you see rubbish, please ______ it up. 答案：A。解析：主祈从现。主句用祈使句pick原形。 3. If we ______ hard, we will pass. 答案：A。解析：主将从现。we复数用study原形。 【提升题】 1. If there ______ no air, people ______ not live. 答案：A。解析：if从句用is（客观事实）。主句用will。如果没空气就不能活。 2. Unless it ______, we will go. 答案：A。解析：unless = if...not。从句用一般现在时rains。 3. If everyone ______ to save water. 答案：B。解析：everyone单数→tries。三单变化。 【拓展题】 1. we will go. 答案：will go。解析：主将从现。主句用will go。 2. If you don't recycle. 答案：do not recycle / don't recycle。解析：主将从现。if从句用一般现在时。 3. he will help. 答案：will help。解析：主将从现。主句用will help。 ◎考点八：被动语态初步（be done） 【基础题】 1. The Earth ______ covered. 答案：A。解析：一般现在时被动。Earth单数→is covered。 2. The river ______ polluted last year. 答案：C。解析：last year过去时→was polluted。河流被污染。 3. Trees ______ planted every year. 答案：B。解析：every year现在时→are planted。树被种。 【提升题】 1. The Great Wall ______ built. 答案：C。解析：被动语态。长城被建→was built。过去时。 2. plastic ______ used. 答案：A。解析：一般现在时被动。plastic不可数→is used。 3. The accident ______ (not happen). 答案：B。解析：happen无被动。用主动did not happen。 【拓展题】 1. The room is cleaned. 答案：is cleaned。解析：every day现在时被动。room单数→is cleaned。 2. The book was written. 答案：was written。解析：被动语态。write→written。被写。 3. Many houses were built. 答案：were built。解析：last year过去时被动。houses复数→were built。 ◎考点九：综合（as...as/one of the+最高级/because of/交际） 【基础题】 1. as fresh ______ that in city. 答案：A。解析：as + 原级 + as 和...一样。肯定用as...as。 2. one of the ______ mountains. 答案：C。解析：one of + the + 最高级 + 复数。highest mountains。 3. cancelled ______ the heavy rain. 答案：B。解析：because of + 名词。because of the rain。 【提升题】 1. The Yangtze River is ______ longest. 答案：C。解析：最高级前加the。the longest river。 2. Kunming is famous ______ its flowers. 答案：C。解析：be famous for 因...而闻名。因为花闻名。 3. Let's plant trees! — ______! 答案：A。解析：赞同建议用Good idea! 好主意！ 【拓展题】 1. one of the most beautiful. 答案：most beautiful。解析：one of the + 最高级 + 复数。beautiful→most beautiful。 2. use cars less. 答案：less。解析：little→less。用车更少减少污染。 3. important to protect. 答案：to protect。解析：It is important (for sb) to do。to protect。 — 练习结束，祝学习进步！ — 第 页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $