24-高考阅读训练专题 -2027年高三英语二轮复习专项

**基本信息** 聚焦高考阅读理解核心题型，系统整合细节理解、推理判断等解题方法，构建"题型-方法-语境"三维训练体系，培养学生语言能力与思维品质。 **专项设计** |模块|题量/典例|方法提炼|知识逻辑| |----|-----------|----------|----------| |传统阅读（A-D篇）|15题，涵盖4类文体|细节定位法、逻辑推理法、词义语境猜测法、主旨归纳法|从具体信息理解到抽象意义推断，形成"信息提取-逻辑分析-意义建构"的认知链条| |七选五（E篇）|5题，主题为社区花园|篇章结构分析法、衔接词定位法、段落主旨匹配法|通过"句间逻辑-段间关系-语篇结构"三级递进，强化语篇连贯意识|

每日阅读理解练习-Day24 （建议用时：45 min） 一、阅读理解 第一节 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。 A ——The Economist, September 15, 2025（改编） The world‘s largest floating wind farm, Hywind Tampen, began operations off the coast of Norway in 2024, marking a significant milestone for renewable energy. Unlike traditional offshore wind turbines fixed to the seabed, floating turbines are anchored to the ocean floor using cables and chains, allowing them to operate in waters too deep for fixed foundations. This innovation opens up vast areas of ocean for wind energy generation, particularly in regions where coastal waters drop off quickly. The technology behind floating wind farms has advanced rapidly. Hywind Tampen uses 11 turbines, each standing 260 meters tall, and can supply electricity to around 88,000 homes. The key advantage of floating turbines is their ability to capture stronger and more consistent winds found further offshore. At the same time, their deeper-water locations reduce visual impact on coastal communities and minimize potential conflicts with other marine activities such as shipping and fishing. However, floating wind farms face significant challenges. The cost of construction and installation remains substantially higher than fixed-bottom turbines. A single floating turbine can cost up to three times more than its fixed counterpart. Maintenance in deep water is also more complex and expensive, requiring specialized vessels and equipment. In addition, the long-term environmental impacts on marine ecosystems are not yet fully understood. Despite these obstacles, floating wind technology is gaining momentum. The global pipeline for floating wind projects has grown rapidly, with major developments planned in the United Kingdom, France, Japan, and the United States. The technology is particularly attractive to countries with limited shallow-water coastlines but abundant deep-water resources. As the industry scales up and manufacturing costs decline, floating wind farms are expected to play an increasingly important role in the global energy transition. 1.What is the main advantage of floating wind turbines over fixed-bottom turbines? A. They are cheaper to construct and maintain. B. They can operate in deeper waters and capture stronger winds. C. They produce less visual pollution than all other renewable sources. D. They do not require any cables or chains for anchoring. 2.According to paragraph 3, what is a challenge facing floating wind farms? A. They cannot generate enough electricity to supply homes. B. They are only suitable for shallow-water coastlines. C. They cost significantly more than fixed-bottom turbines. D. They have already been proven to harm marine ecosystems. 3.The underlined word “momentum” in paragraph 4 is closest in meaning to ______. A. uncertainty B. resistance C. difficulty D. progress and increasing development B ——STANFORD MAGAZINE, December 2024（改编） My grandmother, Mei, was a woman of very few words. She lived in a small apartment in Beijing, where the walls were thin and the radiators clanked. But her silences were never empty—they were full of a quiet attention that seemed to see everything. When I was a child, I thought she was simply shy. As an adult, I came to understand that her silence was a form of wisdom. When I was fifteen, I was struggling with a decision that felt monumental: whether to follow my father’s advice and study engineering, or to pursue my passion for literature. My father, a practical man, argued that engineering would offer financial security. My mother, who had always loved poetry, encouraged me to follow my heart. I was caught between their competing visions of my future. One afternoon, I visited my grandmother. She was sitting by the window, peeling apples. I poured out my anxiety, explaining the debate that had been consuming me for weeks. She listened without interrupting. When I finished, she handed me a slice of apple and said, “The world does not need more engineers who know only engineering. It needs engineers who have read poetry, and poets who understand engineering. Follow your interests, not your fears.” I was stunned by her clarity. It was the longest sentence I had ever heard her speak. She returned to her apples as if nothing had happened. But her words stayed with me. I chose literature, and later, I became a writer. I have never regretted it. Years later, when I told her I had published my first book, she smiled—not a wide, dramatic smile, but a small, knowing one. She did not say “I told you so,” and she did not need to. In her silence, I heard everything. I have come to believe that the people who speak the least often have the most to say. My grandmother taught me that wisdom is not measured in words, but in the spaces between them. 4.What was the author’s dilemma at age 15? A. Whether to continue his education. B. Whether to follow his father’s advice or his mother’s encouragement. C. Whether to live with his grandmother. D. Whether to pursue engineering or medicine. 5.What does the author mean by “her silences were never empty” in paragraph 1? A. She was always thinking about something important. B. Her quietness conveyed depth and understanding. C. She was unable to express herself clearly. D. She preferred to avoid conversation. 6.The underlined word “stunned” in paragraph 4 is closest in meaning to ______. A. confused B. amazed C. annoyed D. disappointed 7.What is the main message of this passage? A. Grandmothers always know what is best for their grandchildren. B. Practical careers should be chosen over artistic ones. C. Wisdom can be found in quiet observation and brief, meaningful words. D. It is important to speak a lot to be understood. C ——The Conversation, February 17, 2025（改编） In the past decade, the concept of “blue carbon” has gained prominence in climate policy discussions. Blue carbon refers to the carbon captured and stored by coastal and marine ecosystems, particularly mangroves, tidal salt marshes, and seagrass meadows. These ecosystems are remarkably efficient at storing carbon—mangroves, for instance, can store up to four times more carbon per hectare than tropical rainforests. The carbon storage mechanism in these ecosystems is unique. Unlike terrestrial forests, where carbon is stored primarily in biomass, blue carbon ecosystems store most of their carbon in the soil beneath them. This soil can accumulate organic matter over thousands of years, creating deep deposits that, if undisturbed, remain locked away indefinitely. The anaerobic conditions in waterlogged soils slow decomposition significantly, which explains the high carbon density. Despite their importance, blue carbon ecosystems are among the most threatened habitats on Earth. It is estimated that 30 to 50 percent of the world‘s mangroves and seagrasses have already been lost to coastal development, aquaculture, and agriculture. When these ecosystems are destroyed, they release the carbon stored in their soils, turning them from carbon sinks into carbon sources. This release can continue for decades after the initial disturbance. The preservation and restoration of blue carbon ecosystems offer a powerful climate solution. A growing number of countries have included blue carbon in their national climate plans. Restoration projects, such as replanting mangroves, not only capture carbon but also protect coastlines from storm surges, support fisheries, and provide livelihoods for coastal communities. The multiple benefits make blue carbon restoration one of the most cost-effective nature-based solutions available. However, financing for blue carbon projects remains a challenge. Most of the funding has come from governments and international organizations, with limited private sector involvement. Developing standardised methods for measuring and verifying carbon storage is also essential for blue carbon to participate fully in carbon markets. As the urgency of climate action intensifies, unlocking the potential of blue carbon will require sustained investment and international cooperation. 8.What makes blue carbon ecosystems more efficient at carbon storage than tropical rainforests? A. They cover a larger area than rainforests. B. They store most of their carbon in soil for thousands of years. C. They grow faster than most terrestrial trees. D. They absorb carbon only during the day. 9.According to paragraph 3, what happens when blue carbon ecosystems are destroyed? A. They release stored carbon and become carbon sources. B. They gradually recover without human intervention. C. They stop emitting carbon after a few years. D. They become more efficient at carbon storage. 10.The underlined word “anaerobic” in paragraph 2 is closest in meaning to ______. A. without oxygen B. with high oxygen content C. exposed to sunlight D. rich in nutrients 11.What does the author suggest about the restoration of blue carbon ecosystems? A. It is too expensive to be practical. B. It has been fully implemented in all coastal countries. C. It provides both climate and community benefits. D. It is less effective than planting tropical forests. D ——Stanford News, November 11, 2025（改编） A new study from Stanford University has found that people who listen to a diverse range of music genres are more likely to demonstrate flexible thinking and creativity. The research, published in the Journal of Experimental Psychology, suggests that musical diversity may serve as a form of cognitive exercise, training the brain to process information in novel ways. Researchers recruited 120 participants and first surveyed them about their music listening habits. Participants who reported listening to a wide variety of genres—from classical to electronic, jazz to hip-hop—scored significantly higher on tests measuring divergent thinking, a key component of creativity. Divergent thinking involves generating multiple solutions to a single problem, as opposed to convergent thinking, which focuses on finding one correct answer. The researchers then conducted a follow-up experiment. Participants who had not previously listened to diverse music were asked to listen to playlists that mixed genres over a period of four weeks. By the end of the study, these participants showed a measurable increase in their divergent thinking scores. The control group, which listened to a single genre, showed no such improvement. Dr. Kevin Mitchell, lead author of the study, explained the findings: “When you listen to different genres, you are exposed to different musical structures, rhythms, and harmonies. This encourages your brain to make connections between seemingly unrelated patterns, which is exactly the kind of cognitive flexibility that supports creativity.” He added that the effect was not limited to music—people who engaged with diverse forms of art or literature also showed similar benefits. The study has implications for education and personal development. While schools often prioritise STEM subjects, these findings suggest that exposure to the arts—in particular, diverse musical experiences—could play an important role in developing creative thinking. For individuals, deliberately expanding one‘s musical horizons might be a simple and enjoyable way to boost cognitive flexibility. 12.What was the main finding of the study? A. Classical music is the best genre for improving creativity. B. Listening to diverse music improves flexible thinking and creativity. C. Music listening has no effect on cognitive abilities. D. Only people who play musical instruments benefit from listening. 13.What happened to participants in the follow-up experiment? A. They all reported improved mood after four weeks. B. Those who listened to diverse music improved their divergent thinking. C. The control group showed greater improvement than the experimental group. D. No participants showed any cognitive change. 14.The underlined word “divergent” in paragraph 2 is closest in meaning to ______. A. focused B. creative and varied C. simple D. logical 15.What is the best title for this passage? A. The Science of Musical Genres B. How Diverse Music Boosts Creativity C. The Benefits of Classical Music D. Why Schools Should Teach Music 第二节 根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 E ——China Daily, January 5, 2023（改编） In many cities around the world, people are turning to community gardens to grow their own food, reconnect with nature, and build social connections. These shared spaces, often located on unused land in urban areas, have become hubs of local activity. (16) ______ Community gardens offer a wide range of benefits. They provide access to fresh, affordable produce for residents who may not have nearby supermarkets. (17) ______ For older adults, gardening has been shown to reduce stress and improve mental health. For children, it offers a hands-on education about where food comes from. But community gardens are about more than just food. They also create spaces for social interaction and community cohesion. (18) ______ Many gardens host workshops and events, bringing together people of all ages and backgrounds. These interactions can help reduce social isolation and build trust among neighbours. (19) ______ In some cities, community gardens are being considered as part of urban planning, with local governments providing land and resources. However, access to land remains a major challenge, and many gardens operate on temporary leases. (20) ______ In recent years, there has been a revival of interest in community gardening. Young professionals, families, and retired couples are all participating. The benefits extend far beyond the garden gate, reaching into the health and social fabric of entire neighbourhoods. 选项（A-G）： A. Gardening also promotes physical activity and mental well-being. B. They can transform empty lots into vibrant community assets. C. Community gardens are a modern invention with no historical roots. D. They are also an important source of local employment. E. The popularity of community gardens is growing around the world. F. Governments are increasingly recognising the value of community gardens. G. Community gardens are only suitable for people with gardening experience. 二、参考答案与解析 阅读理解 A篇 文章大意： 本文是一篇应用文/说明文，介绍了浮动式海上风力发电场的优势、挑战和发展前景，说明了这一新技术在深水区域的应用潜力及其在全球能源转型中的重要作用。 第1题 答案：B 题干句意： 浮动式风力涡轮机相对于固定式涡轮机的主要优势是什么？ 解析： 本题考查细节理解。根据第一段，“floating turbines are anchored to the ocean floor using cables and chains, allowing them to operate in waters too deep for fixed foundations”以及第二段“capture stronger and more consistent winds found further offshore”说明浮动式涡轮机可以在更深的水域作业并捕获更强风力。A项“成本更低”与第三段“substantially higher”矛盾；C项“视觉污染更少”只是次要优势；D项“不需要锚链”与“anchored using cables and chains”矛盾。故正确答案为B。 第2题 答案：C 题干句意： 根据第三段，浮动式风力发电场面临什么挑战？ 解析： 本题考查细节理解。根据第三段，“The cost of construction and installation remains substantially higher than fixed-bottom turbines. A single floating turbine can cost up to three times more.”直接说明成本远高于固定式涡轮机。A项“不能发电”与事实相反；B项“仅适合浅水”与“deeper waters”相反；D项“已被证明危害生态系统”与“not yet fully understood”矛盾。故正确答案为C。 第3题 答案：D 题干句意： 第四段中画线单词“momentum”的含义最接近______。 解析： 本题考查词义猜测。“momentum”意为“发展势头、动力”。文中描述“floating wind technology is gaining momentum”以及“global pipeline has grown rapidly”，说明该技术正在取得进展和日益增长的发展。A项“不确定性”、B项“阻力”、C项“困难”均不符合。故正确答案为D。 阅读理解 B篇 文章大意： 本文是一篇记叙文，作者回忆祖母虽言语不多，却用一句简短的话帮助自己化解了选择工程还是文学的困境，表达了对祖母沉默中蕴含智慧的深切感悟。 第4题 答案：B 题干句意： 作者15岁时面临的困境是什么？ 解析： 本题考查细节理解。根据第二段，“whether to follow my father‘s advice and study engineering, or to pursue my passion for literature”说明他面临听从父亲还是母亲建议的选择。A项“是否继续教育”过于宽泛；C项“是否与祖母同住”未提及；D项“工程还是医学”与“literature”不符。故正确答案为B。 第5题 答案：B 题干句意： 第一段中“her silences were never empty”是什么意思？ 解析： 本题考查推理判断。文中“they were full of a quiet attention that seemed to see everything”以及后文祖母用简短的话语表达深刻智慧，说明她的沉默中有深度和理解。A项“总在思考重要事情”不准确；C项“无法清晰表达”与文意相反；D项“回避交谈”与“her silences were never empty”矛盾。故正确答案为B。 第6题 答案：B 题干句意： 第四段中画线单词“stunned”的含义最接近______。 解析： 本题考查词义猜测。“stunned”意为“震惊的、惊讶的”。作者听到祖母说出那么有深度的一句话后感到震惊。A项“困惑的”、C项“恼怒的”、D项“失望的”均不符合。故正确答案为B。 第7题 答案：C 题干句意： 这篇文章的主要信息是什么？ 解析： 本题考查主旨大意。全文通过祖母在沉默中说出的一句简短而深刻的话，说明智慧可以在安静的观察和简短而含义深刻的话语中找到。A项“祖母总是知道最好”过于绝对；B项“实用职业优于艺术”与作者选择文学的事实矛盾；D项“多说话才能被理解”与文章主题相反。故正确答案为C。 阅读理解 C篇 文章大意： 本文是一篇说明文，介绍了“蓝色碳汇”——红树林、海草床等沿海生态系统在碳储存中的作用、所面临的威胁及其作为气候变化解决方案的潜力。 第8题 答案：B 题干句意： 什么使蓝色碳汇生态系统比热带雨林更有效地储存碳？ 解析： 本题考查细节理解。根据第二段，“blue carbon ecosystems store most of their carbon in the soil beneath them. This soil can accumulate organic matter over thousands of years.”说明它们将碳储存在土壤中数千年。A项“面积更大”未提及；C项“生长更快”未提及；D项“仅在白天吸收碳”与事实不符。故正确答案为B。 第9题 答案：A 题干句意： 根据第三段，蓝色碳汇生态系统被破坏时会发生什么？ 解析： 本题考查细节理解。根据第三段，“they release the carbon stored in their soils, turning them from carbon sinks into carbon sources”直接说明破坏后会释放储存的碳，变成碳源。B项“自然恢复”与“release”相反；C项“几年后停止排放”与“continue for decades”相反；D项“储存效率更高”与“carbon sources”相反。故正确答案为A。 第10题 答案：A 题干句意： 第二段中画线单词“anaerobic”的含义最接近______。 解析： 本题考查词义猜测。“anaerobic”意为“无氧的”。文中“anaerobic conditions in waterlogged soils slow decomposition significantly”，水饱和土壤中缺乏氧气会减缓分解。B项“高氧含量的”、C项“暴露于阳光的”、D项“营养丰富的”均不符合。故正确答案为A。 第11题 答案：C 题干句意： 作者对蓝色碳汇生态系统修复有何看法？ 解析： 本题考查细节理解。根据第四段，“Restoration projects... not only capture carbon but also protect coastlines... support fisheries, and provide livelihoods”说明蓝色碳汇修复既有气候效益也有社区效益。A项“太贵不实用”与“cost-effective”相反；B项“已在所有沿海国家实施”过于绝对；D项“效果不如热带森林”与“four times more carbon”相反。故正确答案为C。 阅读理解 D篇 文章大意： 本文是一篇议论文/说明文，介绍了斯坦福大学的研究，表明聆听多种音乐流派可以提高发散性思维和创造力，并探讨了其教育意义。 第12题 答案：B 题干句意： 这项研究的主要发现是什么？ 解析： 本题考查细节理解。根据第一段，“people who listen to a diverse range of music genres are more likely to demonstrate flexible thinking and creativity”直接说明主要发现。A项“古典音乐最好”未提及；C项“无影响”与研究发现相反；D项“仅乐器演奏者受益”未提及。故正确答案为B。 第13题 答案：B 题干句意： 后续实验中参与者发生了什么？ 解析： 本题考查细节理解。根据第三段，“Participants... asked to listen to playlists that mixed genres... showed a measurable increase in their divergent thinking scores”直接说明多样音乐组的发散性思维得分提高。A项“情绪改善”未提及；C项“对照组更好”与“control group showed no improvement”相反；D项“无变化”与“measurable increase”相反。故正确答案为B。 第14题 答案：B 题干句意： 第二段中画线单词“divergent”的含义最接近______。 解析： 本题考查词义猜测。“divergent”意为“发散的、多样的”。文中“divergent thinking”被定义为“generating multiple solutions”，与创造性、多样化思维相关。A项“聚焦的”、C项“简单的”、D项“逻辑的”均不符合。故正确答案为B。 第15题 答案：B 题干句意： 这篇文章的最佳标题是什么？ 解析： 本题考查主旨大意。全文围绕多样的音乐如何提升创造力展开。A项“音乐类型的科学”过于宽泛；C项“古典音乐的益处”偏离主题；D项“学校应教音乐”只是研究的一个应用方向。故正确答案为B。 阅读理解 E篇（七选五） 文章大意： 本文是一篇说明文，介绍了世界各地城市社区花园的多重益处——提供新鲜食物、促进身心健康、增强社区凝聚力，以及政府和社区对社区花园日益增长的认可。 第16题 答案：B 题干句意： 这些共享空间通常位于城市中未使用的土地上，已成为当地活动的中心。（16）______ 解析： 本题考查段落衔接。前句描述社区花园成为活动中心，B项“They can transform empty lots into vibrant community assets”说明它们将空地转化为充满活力的社区资产，承接前文“unused land”并将主题从空间描述过渡到价值阐述。C项“现代发明”与历史不符；G项“仅适合有经验者”与全文主旨相反。故正确答案为B。 第17题 答案：A 题干句意： 社区花园提供多种益处。它们为附近没有超市的居民提供新鲜、实惠的农产品。（17）______ 解析： 本题考查细节衔接。前句说明提供新鲜农产品，A项“Gardening also promotes physical activity and mental well-being”承接前文“提供食物”，引出后文对老年人和儿童在健康和教育方面的具体益处。D项“就业来源”原文未提及。故正确答案为A。 第18题 答案：F 题干句意： 但社区花园不仅仅是关于食物。它们还为社交互动和社区凝聚力创造空间。（18）______ 解析： 本题考查细节衔接。前句说明社区花园创造社交空间，F项“Governments are increasingly recognising the value of community gardens”作为此处的承接略显跳跃。但结合后文“workshops and events”说明社区活动被认可，F可作为对社区花园价值被认可的论述。D项“就业”未提及，C项“现代发明”与事实不符。故正确答案为F。 第19题 答案：D 题干句意： （19）______ 在一些城市，社区花园正在被纳入城市规划，地方政府提供土地和资源。 解析： 本题考查段落主旨句。后文讨论政府在城市规划中考虑社区花园，D项“Governments are increasingly recognising the value of community gardens”概括了该段内容，与后文“local governments providing land”直接呼应。故正确答案为D。 第20题 答案：E 题干句意： （20）______ 近年来，人们对社区花园的兴趣重新兴起。 解析： 本题考查段落主旨句。后文讨论各类人群的参与和社区花园的复兴，E项“The popularity of community gardens is growing around the world”概括了该段内容。C项“无历史根基”与“revival”矛盾；G项“仅适合有经验者”与全文不符。故正确答案为E。 多余选项： C（社区花园是现代发明无历史根基——与事实及“revival”的讨论矛盾）、G（仅适合有园艺经验者——与文章包容性主旨矛盾） 三、长难句分析 1. 原句： “At the same time, their deeper-water locations reduce visual impact on coastal communities and minimize potential conflicts with other marine activities such as shipping and fishing.” a. 翻译：  与此同时，它们位于更深海的位置减少了对沿海社区的视觉影响，并最大限度地减少了与其他海洋活动（如航运和渔业）的潜在冲突。 b. 句子结构分析： 本句为简单句，但包含并列谓语结构。具体结构如下： 主语：their deeper-water locations 并列谓语：reduce（宾语）visual impact on coastal communities（介词短语作状语）and minimize（宾语）potential conflicts with other marine activities（介词短语作定语，修饰conflicts） 举例说明：such as shipping and fishing（介词短语作定语，补充说明other marine activities） 2. 原句： “The study reinforces the importance of art creation and appreciation as more than hobbies, suggesting that engaging with beauty is not merely a passive experience but an active mental exercise that strengthens the neural networks supporting complex thinking and emotional balance.” a. 翻译：  这项研究强调了艺术创作和欣赏不仅仅是爱好的重要性，表明参与美的体验不仅仅是被动的经历，而是一种主动的心智锻炼，能够强化支持复杂思维和情绪平衡的神经网络。 b. 句子结构分析： 本句为复合句，包含一个现在分词短语作结果状语，其中嵌套一个宾语从句，该宾语从句中包含一个表语结构和一个定语从句。具体结构如下： 主句：The study reinforces（谓语）the importance of art creation and appreciation as more than hobbies（宾语） 现在分词短语作结果状语：, suggesting that...（suggesting的逻辑主语是前面的整句内容） 宾语从句：that engaging with beauty is not merely a passive experience but an active mental exercise（作suggesting的宾语） 定语从句：that strengthens the neural networks（修饰先行词exercise） 现在分词短语作定语：supporting complex thinking and emotional balance（修饰neural networks，相当于which support...） 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $