Unit 7 The natural world 课时7 Integration D+Further study 分层作业2026-2027学年译林版八年级英语上册

**基本信息** Unit 7 The natural world课时7分层作业，以“塑料污染”为主题，通过基础巩固、语篇理解到思维进阶的三层设计，实现词汇句型到综合应用的递进，培养语言能力与思维品质。 **分层设计** |层次|知识覆盖|设计特色| |----|----------|----------| |基础层|核心词汇（塑料、回收等）、短语（一次性产品等）、基础句型|单词默写、短语翻译、选词填空，夯实语言知识基础| |进阶层|语法应用（动词时态、非谓语等）、语篇理解|语法填空结合环保案例，阅读理解聚焦塑料污染危害与解决，提升语篇能力| |思维层|问题解决、批判性思维|通过“给减少塑料使用提建议”“政府是否应禁一次性塑料”等任务，培养分析与创新思维|

Unit 7 The natural world 课时7 Integration D+Further study 分层作业 · 塑料污染 一、单词默写 1. ________ /ˈplæstɪk/ n. 塑料 2. ________ /ˌmaɪkrəʊˈplæstɪk/ n. 微塑料 3. ________ /ˌriːˈsaɪkl/ v. 回收利用 4. ________ /weɪst/ n. 废物；浪费 5. ________ /dɪˈspəʊzəbl/ adj. 一次性的 6. ________ /səˈsteɪnəbl/ adj. 可持续的 7. ________ /bæn/ v. 禁止 8. ________ /ɪnˌvaɪrənˈmentəlɪst/ n. 环保主义者 二、重点短语 1. 为某人提供某物 __________________________ 2. 一次性产品 __________________________ 3. 对……造成伤害 __________________________ 4. 代替 __________________________ 三、根据要求完成句子 1. 它为我们提供食物，也为我们提供饮用水。 It ________ ________ ________ food and ________ ________ ________ drinking water. 2. 加入环保组织，担任志愿者很有意义。 It is meaningful to join ________ ________ ________ and work as a volunteer. 四、选词填空  Madam kill solve environmental wastewater 1. Excuse me, ________, could you tell me where the recycling centre is? 2. The factory was fined for dumping ________ into the river. 3. We need to find a way to ________ the problem of plastic pollution. 4. Many ________ organizations are working to protect the oceans. 5. Plastic bags can ________ marine animals if they eat them. 五、连词成句 1. is home to, the ocean, of, life, many kinds, sea   2. knowledge, keep, education, the environment, useful tools, are, to, and, protect   3. idea, how, tell, to, is, a, good, it, people, protect, the environment   4. houses and factories, travels, plastic waste, from, to, pollution, the ocean, causes, and   5. ask for, am, protecting, I, your, help, writing, the environment, to, in   六、语法填空 World Environment Day comes every June 5. It’s a day to do something good for the planet. Here are two young people who have taken action for Mother Earth. They’re (1) ________ (hero) for the planet. Fighting Plastic When Melati Wijsen was 12, she learned about the plastic problem in Bali. Every day, tons of plastic waste (2) ________ (wash) up on the beaches. “It was one of the (3) ________ (bad) environmental problems I had ever seen,” she said. It made her want to find a solution. She started a campaign (4) ________ (call) “Bye Bye Plastic Bags”. She and her sister met with government officials and (5) ________ (convince) them to ban single-use plastic bags. Their (6) ________ (effort) led to a ban on plastic bags in Bali. Recycling Electronic Waste Alex Lin learned a scary fact on his (7) ________ (eleven) birthday. Every year, people throw away millions of tons of electronic waste, which contains harmful chemicals that pollute the soil and water. Alex started a project (8) ________ (recycle) e-waste in his community. Over the past five years, they have (9) ________ (help) recycle more than 50,000 pounds of electronic waste. Alex has won many (10) ________ (environment) awards for his work. “My goal is to make e-waste recycling a common practice everywhere,” he says. 七、阅读理解 Plastic Pollution in the Ocean Every year, about 8 million tons of plastic waste enter the ocean. This plastic comes from many sources — plastic bags, bottles, straws, and fishing nets. Once in the ocean, plastic does not disappear. It breaks down into smaller pieces called microplastics. These tiny particles are eaten by fish and other sea animals, causing serious health problems. Scientists have been studying the effects of plastic on marine life. They found that over 700 species of marine animals have eaten plastic or become trapped in it. Sea turtles often mistake plastic bags for jellyfish. Seabirds feed plastic to their chicks, thinking it is food. Whales have been found with huge amounts of plastic in their stomachs. However, there is hope. Many countries have started to ban single-use plastics. People are using reusable bags and bottles. New technologies are being developed to remove plastic from the ocean. Scientists are also studying bacteria that can break down plastic. But we cannot wait for technology to solve all our problems. Every person can make a difference. By reducing our use of plastic, recycling properly, and choosing sustainable products, we can help protect the ocean and its animals. The ocean is not just a home for marine life — it is the lifeblood of our planet. 1. How much plastic waste enters the ocean every year? A. About 8 thousand tons. B. About 8 million tons. C. About 800 million tons. D. About 80 billion tons. 2. What happens to plastic once it enters the ocean? A. It disappears quickly. B. It becomes food for fish. C. It breaks down into microplastics. D. It sinks to the bottom forever. 3. Which of the following is NOT mentioned as a way to fight plastic pollution? A. Banning single-use plastics. B. Using reusable bags and bottles. C. Developing bacteria that break down plastic. D. Building more plastic factories. 4. What does the word “microplastics” in Paragraph 1 probably mean? A. Large pieces of plastic. B. Very small pieces of plastic. C. Plastic that is recyclable. D. Plastic that is harmful to humans. 5. What is the main purpose of this passage? A. To describe the problem of plastic pollution and encourage action. B. To show that scientists are doing enough to solve the problem. C. To prove that plastic pollution is not a serious issue. D. To teach people how to make plastic products. 八、思维进阶 Part 1: Read and Explore Every day, millions of plastic bottles, bags and straws are used and thrown away. These items are used for just a few minutes but can take hundreds of years to break down. This is the problem of disposable plastic. How does plastic harm the environment? When plastic waste ends up in the ocean, it is eaten by marine animals. Sea turtles mistake plastic bags for jellyfish. Seabirds feed plastic pieces to their babies. Fish eat microplastics that have absorbed harmful chemicals. These animals suffer from starvation, poisoning and even death. When we eat seafood, these chemicals may also enter our bodies. Plastic pollution also affects the land. In many countries, plastic waste is burned, releasing toxic gases into the air. These gases cause respiratory diseases and contribute to climate change. Plastic waste also clogs drains and causes flooding in many cities. The problem seems overwhelming, but there are solutions. Governments are taking action. Many countries have banned plastic bags and straws. Supermarkets are encouraging customers to bring their own bags. Some companies are creating biodegradable plastics made from plants. Individuals can also make a difference. Using reusable water bottles, coffee cups and shopping bags is a simple way to reduce plastic waste. Buying products with less packaging and supporting companies that use sustainable materials are also effective steps. We need to change our habits and think about the impact of our choices. Every piece of plastic we don’t use is one less piece of plastic in the environment. By working together, we can solve this problem and create a cleaner, healthier planet for future generations. Part 2: Skills Challenge Task 1: Understand the Story (基础理解) 1. What is the main problem with disposable plastic mentioned in the passage? A. It is too expensive to produce. B. It takes hundreds of years to break down. C. It is too light and gets blown away. D. It is not strong enough for daily use. 2. What are the ways plastic affects the environment mentioned in the passage? (Choose all that apply.) a. Marine animals eat plastic and get sick. b. Burning plastic releases toxic gases. c. Plastic waste clogs drains and causes floods. d. Plastic helps plants grow faster. Task 2: Talk About Details (细节梳理) 3. Complete the information: Plastic waste can take ________ years to break down in the environment. Sea turtles mistake plastic bags for ________. Some companies are creating biodegradable plastics made from ________. Task 3: Be a Problem Solver (问题解决) 4. Give advice to this person: “I often buy bottled water and use plastic bags when shopping. I want to reduce my plastic use but don’t know how.”     Task 4: Critical Thinking (批判性思维) 5. Do you think governments should ban all single-use plastics, or should they give people the choice to decide? Why? Support your answer with information from the passage.     参考答案 一、单词默写 1. plastic 2. microplastic 3. recycle 4. waste 5. disposable 6. sustainable 7. ban 8. environmentalist 二、重点短语 1. provide sb. with sth. / provide sth. for sb. 2. disposable products 3. do harm to / cause harm to 4. instead of 三、根据要求完成句子 1. provides us with; provides us with 2. an environmental organization 四、选词填空 1. Madam 2. wastewater 3. solve 4. environmental 5. kill 五、连词成句 1. The ocean is home to many kinds of sea life. 2. Education and knowledge are useful tools to protect the environment. 3. It is a good idea to tell people how to protect the environment. 4. Plastic waste travels from houses and factories to the ocean and causes pollution. 5. I am writing to ask for your help in protecting the environment. 六、语法填空 1. heroes 2. washes 3. worst 4. called 5. convinced 6. efforts 7. eleventh 8. to recycle 9. helped 10. environmental 七、阅读理解 1. B 2. C 3. D 4. B 5. A 八、思维进阶 Task 1: 1. B 2. a, b, c Task 2: 3. hundreds; jellyfish; plants Task 3 (示例): 4. You can start by carrying a reusable water bottle and shopping bag. Instead of buying bottled water, fill your own bottle at home. When shopping, bring your own bag or refuse plastic bags. These small changes will help reduce your plastic waste. Task 4 (示例): 5. I think governments should ban single-use plastics because they are harmful to the environment. The passage says plastic waste harms marine animals, releases toxic gases when burned, and takes hundreds of years to break down. People have had the choice for decades, but the problem has only gotten worse. Banning these items is necessary to protect our planet. 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $