内容正文:
英语可数名词的复数变化规则讲义及练习
基础定义
名词(Noun,缩写 n.):是用来表示人、事物、地点、时间、抽象
概念名称的词,是句子里表示“谁、什么、在哪儿”的核心词汇。
简单两大划分(核心考点)
1 可数名词:可以一个一个数,有单数、复数两种形式。
2 不可数名词:无法拆分计数,没有复数形式,不能直接加a/an。
一、可数名词变复数规则变化。
(
类型
变化规则
实例
一般情况
词
尾加上 "s"
b
oo
k
→
books
house
→
houses
以 "s," "x," "z," "sh," 或 "ch" 结尾
词
尾加上 "es"
bus
→
buses
glass
→
glasses
以y结尾
以
"辅音字母 + y" 结尾
将 "y" 变为 "ies"
Baby
→
babies
story
→
stories
以 "元音字母 + y" 结尾
词
尾加上 "s"
boy
→
boys
key
→
keys
以 "f" 或 "fe" 结尾
将 "f" 或 "fe" 变为 "v"
再加
es
leaf
→
leaves
knife
→
knives
词
尾
直接
加上 "s"
roof
→
roofs
以o结尾
以 "辅音字母 +
o
" 结尾
多数情况下词
尾加上 "es"
tomato
→
t
omatoes hero
→
heroes
以 "元音字母 +
o
" 结尾
词
尾
一般
加上 "s"
zoo
→
zoos
外来词和缩写词以
"
o
" 结尾
词
尾
一般
加上 "s"
photo
→
photos
)
类型
变化规则
实例
一、英语名词复数的变化规则
1. 在名词的末尾加上 "s",形成复数:
请注意,名词复数形式有时有例外和特殊规则,我们需要注意一些名词复数形式是不规则的,需要单独记忆。
二、以下是一些常见的不规则复数名词:
不规则变化
1. 单数:man(男人) 复数:men(男人们)
2. 单数:woman(女人) 复数:women(女人们)
3. 单数:child(孩子) 复数:children(孩子们)
4. 单数:foot(脚) 复数:feet(脚)
5. 单数:tooth(牙齿) 复数:teeth(牙齿)
6. 单数:mouse(老鼠) 复数:mice(老鼠)
7. 单数:goose(鹅) 复数:geese(鹅)
单复数同形:
deer,sheep,fish,Chinese,Japanese, species,means等
一个物体由2部分构成:
如glasses,trousers,clothes等,此时若要表示件数,需要借助特定的量词进行搭配,如a pair of glasses一副眼镜;two pairs of glasses两幅眼镜
以s结尾,仍为单数的名词:
如:maths,politics,physics等学科名词,为单数不可数名词;
Exercise
Exercise 1、给出下列单词的复数形式。
1.candy 2.tax 3.hero 4.roof 5.way
6.wife 7.photo 8.match 9.thief 10.bus
11.leaf 12.potato 13.key 14.house 15.proof
16.country 17.box 18.piano 19.story 20.half
21.man 22.mouse 23.foot 24.sheep 25.person
26.goose 27.fish 28.child 29.woman 30.ox
31.pen 32.class 33.city 34.road 35.ray
36.fox 37.buzz 38.dish 39.chair 40.mango
41.branch 42.toy 43.knife 44.tooth 45.lion
46.dictionary 47.bush 48.Englishman 49.belief 50.deer
Exercise 2、用括号内单词适当形式填空。
1. I brush my ________ (tooth) twice every day.
2. There are many ________ (family) in this village.
3. Those ________ (man) are PE teachers.
4. Look! Three ________ (sheep) are eating grass.
5. My little brother has two small ________ (foot).
6. How many ________ (class) are there in your grade?
7. These ________ (tomato) are fresh and red.
8. The ________ (child) play games after school.
9. I can see five ________ (bus) on the road.
10. Some ________ (woman) like dancing in the park.
11. There are two ________ (knife) on the desk.
12. Different ________ (fish) live in different rivers.(表种类)
13. Those ________ (photo) are about my school life.
14. Lots of ________ (student) join the sports club.
15. Autumn brings yellow ________ (leaf) everywhere.
Exercise3、句型转换(单数句子变复数句子,注意对应单词一起变化)
要求:将整句改为复数,be动词、冠词、名词全部对应改动
1. This is a box.
2. That is a tomato.
3. He is a man teacher.
4. It is a sheep.
5. The child has a toothbrush.
6. Is this a bus?(改为复数一般疑问句)
7. That woman plays chess.
8. There is a leaf on the ground.
9. I have a photo.
10. Does the student have a watch?
参考答案
Exercise 1、给出下列单词的复数形式。
1.candies2.taxes3.heroes4.roofs5.ways6.wives7.photos8.matches9.thieves10.buses
11.leaves12.potatoes13.keys14.houses15.proofs16.countries17.boxes18.pianos19.stories
20.halves21.men22.mice23.feet24.sheep25.people26.geese27.fish28.children
29.women30.oxen31.pens32.classes33.cities34.roads35.rays36.foxes37.buzzes38.dishes
39.chairs40.mangoes41.branches42.toys43.knives44.teeth45.lions46.dictionaries
47.bushes48.Englishmen49.beliefs50.deer
Exercise 2、单词形式填空。
1.teeth 2.families 3.men 4.sheep 5.feet
6.classes 7.tomatoes 8.children 9.buses 10.women
11.knives 12.fishes 13.photos 14.students 15.leaves
Exercise 3、单数变复数句子.
1.These are boxes.
2.Those are tomatoes.
3.They are men teachers.
4.They are sheep.
5.The children have toothbrushes.
6.Are these buses?
7.Those women play chess.
8.There are leaves on the ground.
9.We have photos.
10.Do the students have watches?
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