高考语法填空综合练习三-2027届高三英语一轮复习

**基本信息** 以15个跨主题语篇为载体，系统整合语法填空核心考点，通过语境化训练提升语言综合运用能力与文化意识。 **综合设计** |模块|题量/典例|题型特征|知识逻辑| |----|-----------|----------|----------| |语法填空综合训练|15篇短文（150空）|语境化语法填空，涵盖非谓语、定语从句、时态语态等考点|以多样主题语篇为依托，构建“语篇理解-语法分析-语境应用”逻辑链条，融合语言能力与文化意识培育|

2027年高考语法填空综合练习三 Passage 1（活字印刷术｜传统文化说明文） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Movable‑type printing is one of the Four Great Inventions of ancient China, 1.____________ (date) back to the Northern Song Dynasty. Bi Sheng, 2.____________ inventor of this technology, made individual characters from clay. After baking in fire, the clay blocks became hard enough 3.____________ (print) books. Workers arranged these characters on an iron plate 4.____________ ink was brushed over them. Once the printing work 5.____________ (finish), the clay letters could be reused for new pages. This ancient method greatly improved the speed of book production, 6.____________ (bring) knowledge to more ordinary people. Over centuries, printing techniques 7.____________ (change) greatly, yet the wisdom of Bi Sheng still inspires modern designers. It is significant 8.____________ teenagers to learn about such great ancient inventions. No creation is 9.____________ (impactful) than this breakthrough in human history. More exhibitions about movable‑type printing 10.____________ (hold) across the country this year. Passage 2（老城独立古籍书店｜人与社会记叙文） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Hidden in a narrow old street downtown lies a small second‑hand bookstore 1.____________ collects rare ancient books. Its owner is a retired teacher 2.____________ runs the shop out of love for old pages. Every morning he cleans the wooden shelves carefully, 3.____________ (arrange) books in order. Old books with yellow pages 4.____________ (preserve) in dry wooden boxes to stop damage. Many book‑lovers travel long distances 5.____________ (search) for valuable editions here. Since the shop opened ten years ago, it 6.____________ (become) a quiet cultural shelter for local citizens. Visitors can sit by the window and read for free, 7.____________ makes this little shop special. It is kind 8.____________ the owner to share these treasures with the public. The old books look far 9.____________ (warm) than new printed copies. We hope this peaceful little bookstore 10.____________ (remain) open for many years ahead. Passage 3（高原生态管护员｜人与自然记叙文） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 On the high plateau, a group of rangers devote themselves to protecting wild animals and grasslands. They drive or walk for hours every day, 1.____________ (patrol) the vast land against illegal hunting. Heavy snow and strong winds often make their journey tough, 2.____________ they never give up. Before each long trip, enough food and water 3.____________ (prepare) for the team. They carry cameras 4.____________ (record) the living conditions of rare species. Over the past five years, the number of wild animals 5.____________ (rise) steadily in this region. Local herdsmen also join the protection work, 6.____________ shows people’s growing awareness of wildlife protection. It is honourable 7.____________ these guardians to stick to their duty in such severe conditions. Nothing is 8.____________ (rewarding) than seeing the grassland regain its vitality. More young people 9.____________ (invite) to take part in the protection programme. People believe the plateau ecosystem 10.____________ (recover) fully in the future. Passage 4（仿生智能纺织面料｜前沿科技说明文） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Scientists have developed new bionic fabrics 1.____________ change their properties with temperature. The special material draws inspiration from plant leaves, 2.____________ (adapt) itself to different weather conditions. On hot days, the cloth expands tiny holes 3.____________ (release) heat from human bodies. When the temperature drops, those holes close automatically 4.____________ keep people warm. The fabric 5.____________ (test) repeatedly before it is put on the market. Since the first sample was created three years ago, researchers 6.____________ (make) several major improvements to the material. This invention will greatly benefit outdoor workers and sports lovers, 7.____________ saves them from carrying extra clothes. It is clever 8.____________ scientists to copy nature for new technology. Such products are 9.____________ (practical) than traditional clothing. More smart materials 10.____________ (create) for daily life in the coming years. Passage 5（运河船工号子｜非遗民俗说明文） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Canal boatmen’s chants are folk songs 1.____________ were sung by ancient workers along the Grand Canal. In the old days, boatmen sang loud rhythmic tunes 2.____________ (coordinate) their strength while pulling heavy boats upstream. The powerful singing united their actions perfectly, 3.____________ (reduce) tiredness during long journeys. As modern transport appeared, the tradition nearly died out, 4.____________ local cultural teams began rescue work years ago. Old boatmen 5.____________ (invite) to record the original chants for future generations. Digital files of the songs 6.____________ (store) in the city’s cultural museum now. It is necessary 7.____________ us to preserve this oral heritage. Nothing is 8.____________ (touching) than hearing these ancient voices again. Young artists start mixing the chants with modern music, 9.____________ (give) the old tradition a new life. More performances of canal chants 10.____________ (show) to the public soon. Passage 6（社区旧物交换市集｜社会公益记叙文） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Every weekend, a second‑hand swap market opens in the community square. Neighbours bring unused items from home, 1.____________ range from old books to hand‑made toys. Instead of throwing things away, people exchange goods for free, 2.____________ (cut) household waste greatly. Volunteers stand at the gate 3.____________ (guide) visitors and keep order. All the leftover things 4.____________ (collect) and sent to poor rural schools after the market closes. Since this activity started two years ago, it 5.____________ (win) wide praise from local families. Parents bring their children here, 6.____________ teaches kids the value of saving resources. It is meaningful 7.____________ citizens to develop a low‑carbon lifestyle. This way of reusing goods is far 8.____________ (cheap) than buying new products. More similar swap events 9.____________ (organize) in nearby neighbourhoods. We hope more people 10.____________ (join) this eco‑friendly activity. Passage 7（月壤科研实验｜航天科技说明文） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Chinese space scientists carry out careful research on lunar soil samples 1.____________ were brought back to Earth. The dark grey moon dust is kept in special sealed containers 2.____________ (prevent) pollution from Earth’s atmosphere. Researchers use high‑precision instruments 3.____________ (examine) the chemical elements inside the soil. No living creatures 4.____________ (find) in the samples so far. The study helps people understand the origin of the moon, 5.____________ offers important support for future lunar exploration. Over the past few years, China’s lunar programmes 6.____________ (achieve) amazing progress. It is brave 7.____________ researchers to explore the unknown world in space. Nothing is 8.____________ (exciting) than new discoveries from the moon. New labs 9.____________ (build) for deeper lunar research in the next few years. Scientists believe more secrets of the moon 10.____________ (uncover) step by step. Passage 8（茶马古道古驿站｜人文历史说明文） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Ancient post stations along the Tea‑Horse Road once served as resting stops for travelling merchants and horses. Hundreds of years ago, traders stopped here 1.____________ (exchange) tea, salt and silk. Simple wooden houses provided shelter for people 2.____________ crossed the rough mountain paths. Local cooks prepared hot food for tired travellers, 3.____________ (warm) their bodies on cold nights. As modern roads appeared, most old stations 4.____________ (abandon) and fell into ruin. Today cultural workers restore these sites carefully, so visitors 5.____________ experience the ancient trade culture once more. A small exhibition hall 6.____________ (set) up at one station to show old trade tools. It is valuable 7.____________ young people to know about this ancient trade route. The restored stations look much 8.____________ (vivid) than history textbooks. Tourists keep coming to visit them, 9.____________ (keep) the history alive. More heritage sites along the road 10.____________ (protect) in the near future. Passage 9（城市湿地候鸟栖息地｜生态保护说明文） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 A city wetland park has become a safe home for migrating wild birds. Every autumn, thousands of birds fly here from far northern areas, 1.____________ (escape) cold winter weather. Clean water and plenty of water plants offer enough food 2.____________ these travellers. Workers build hidden watching platforms 3.____________ visitors can observe birds without disturbing them. No fishing or hunting 4.____________ (allow) within the protected zone. Since protection measures were carried out, the number of migrant birds 5.____________ (grow) year by year. Volunteers take photos and record bird species, 6.____________ helps scientists study migration rules. It is important 7.____________ city planners to leave enough natural space for wildlife. The wetland scenery becomes 8.____________ (striking) than before. More local students come here for nature classes, 9.____________ (raise) environmental awareness. Further protection plans 10.____________ (make) to guard this precious habitat. Passage 10（皮影戏数字化传承｜非遗创新说明文） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Shadow puppetry is a traditional Chinese folk art 1.____________ dates back over two thousand years. Artists cut cowhide into delicate figures 2.____________ (perform) stories behind a white screen. Lights create moving shadows for the audience, 3.____________ (produce) magical stage effects. Years ago, few young people paid attention to this art, 4.____________ it faced the risk of disappearing. Now creative teams combine shadow puppetry with digital technology. Old plays 5.____________ (record) into short videos for online spread. 3‑D animation is also used 6.____________ (attract) teenage audiences. Since the digital project began, online views 7.____________ (reach) millions across the country. It is wise 8.____________ artists to combine tradition with modern media. The new shows are 9.____________ (fascinating) than the old performances alone. More digital works of shadow puppetry 10.____________ (release) in the coming months. Passage 11（乡村自然研学营地｜教育记叙文） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 A rural study camp offers city students a chance to get close to nature. Teachers take teenagers into the woods and farmlands, 1.____________ (guide) them to watch plants and insects closely. Students learn to grow vegetables themselves, 2.____________ helps them realize how hard farming work is. Simple tools 3.____________ (provide) for kids to pick fruit and feed small animals. Before each outdoor activity, safety rules 4.____________ (explain) clearly by camp coaches. Over the past three years, thousands of students 5.____________ (take) part in this programme. It teaches teenagers to respect nature, 6.____________ they will protect the environment in daily life. It is helpful 7.____________ children to stay away from electronic screens for a while. Real‑world experience is far 8.____________ (meaning) than textbook knowledge. More study bases 9.____________ (build) in the countryside. Parents expect their kids 10.____________ (gain) more life skills from such activities. Passage 12（智能垃圾分类回收系统｜智慧城市说明文） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Smart waste‑sorting machines have appeared in many residential communities. Citizens scan a QR code 1.____________ they throw different rubbish into separate boxes inside the machine. Sensors check each piece of waste automatically, 2.____________ (give) people points for correct sorting. The points can be exchanged for daily goods in nearby shops, 3.____________ encourages active public participation. Waste 4.____________ (collect) by special trucks every day for further treatment. Since these devices were put into use, the amount of mixed rubbish 5.____________ (drop) sharply in these neighbourhoods. Engineers keep improving the system 6.____________ it can serve more districts. It is practical 7.____________ cities to use high‑tech tools for waste management. The recycling effect becomes much 8.____________ (obvious) than before. Local volunteers give free lessons to the elderly, 9.____________ (teach) them how to operate the machines. More intelligent recycling equipment 10.____________ (install) across the whole city soon. Passage 13（海外中文读书会｜跨文化交流记叙文） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 A Chinese‑language reading club was set up in a foreign city last year. People from different countries gather once a week 1.____________ (share) Chinese novels and poems. Native Chinese speakers help foreigners correct their pronunciation, 2.____________ (make) learning easier for new members. Simple tea and snacks 3.____________ (prepare) during each gathering to create a warm atmosphere. Many foreigners join the club because they 4.____________ (become) interested in Chinese culture in recent years. Discussions after reading connect hearts across cultural borders, 5.____________ breaks language barriers gently. It is kind 6.____________ these volunteers to spread Chinese literature abroad. Reading together is far 7.____________ (enjoyable) than learning alone. New books from China 8.____________ (order) regularly for the club members. Cultural events such as poetry recitations 9.____________ (hold) every quarter. We hope more people around the world 10.____________ (fall) in love with Chinese literature. Passage 14（青铜失蜡铸造技艺｜古代工艺说明文） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 The lost‑wax casting technique is an amazing ancient Chinese craft 1.____________ was used to make delicate bronze works. Artisans first carved models with beeswax, 2.____________ (cover) them with thick clay. When the clay dried completely, the whole piece was heated 3.____________ (melt) away the inner wax. Hot liquid bronze was poured into the empty moulds, 4.____________ (create) beautiful bronze vessels after cooling. This complex skill 5.____________ (pass) down for thousands of years. Modern archaeologists study the ancient bronzes so they 6.____________ fully understand the wisdom of ancient craftsmen. Many lost‑wax masterpieces 7.____________ (display) in national museums now. It is important 8.____________ us to protect this precious ancient technology. Hand‑cast bronze artworks look much 9.____________ (splendid) than machine‑made copies. Young craftsmen receive professional training 10.____________ (continue) this great tradition. Passage 15（海岛自动气象观测站｜海洋科研说明文） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Unmanned weather stations stand on remote ocean islands to collect climate data. High‑precision instruments record wind speed, temperature and air pressure all day long, 1.____________ (send) real‑time information back to the mainland control centre. Solar panels supply power for the equipment 2.____________ there is no electricity network on these small islands. The machines 3.____________ (check) by maintenance workers several times a year. Since the first station was built ten years ago, forecasters 4.____________ (gain) much more accurate data about ocean storms. This technology helps warn local fishermen of dangerous weather ahead of time, 5.____________ saves countless lives at sea. It is significant 6.____________ coastal areas to build such observation systems. Early warnings are 7.____________ (valuable) than any other rescue measures. New‑generation devices 8.____________ (develop) for rougher sea conditions. Engineers keep testing new materials 9.____________ (protect) the stations from salt wind damage. More automatic weather stations 10.____________ (put) into service on distant islets. 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 2027年高考语法填空综合练习三 Passage 1（活字印刷术｜传统文化说明文） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Movable‑type printing is one of the Four Great Inventions of ancient China, 1.____________ (date) back to the Northern Song Dynasty. Bi Sheng, 2.____________ inventor of this technology, made individual characters from clay. After baking in fire, the clay blocks became hard enough 3.____________ (print) books. Workers arranged these characters on an iron plate 4.____________ ink was brushed over them. Once the printing work 5.____________ (finish), the clay letters could be reused for new pages. This ancient method greatly improved the speed of book production, 6.____________ (bring) knowledge to more ordinary people. Over centuries, printing techniques 7.____________ (change) greatly, yet the wisdom of Bi Sheng still inspires modern designers. It is significant 8.____________ teenagers to learn about such great ancient inventions. No creation is 9.____________ (impactful) than this breakthrough in human history. More exhibitions about movable‑type printing 10.____________ (hold) across the country this year. Passage 2（老城独立古籍书店｜人与社会记叙文） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Hidden in a narrow old street downtown lies a small second‑hand bookstore 1.____________ collects rare ancient books. Its owner is a retired teacher 2.____________ runs the shop out of love for old pages. Every morning he cleans the wooden shelves carefully, 3.____________ (arrange) books in order. Old books with yellow pages 4.____________ (preserve) in dry wooden boxes to stop damage. Many book‑lovers travel long distances 5.____________ (search) for valuable editions here. Since the shop opened ten years ago, it 6.____________ (become) a quiet cultural shelter for local citizens. Visitors can sit by the window and read for free, 7.____________ makes this little shop special. It is kind 8.____________ the owner to share these treasures with the public. The old books look far 9.____________ (warm) than new printed copies. We hope this peaceful little bookstore 10.____________ (remain) open for many years ahead. Passage 3（高原生态管护员｜人与自然记叙文） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 On the high plateau, a group of rangers devote themselves to protecting wild animals and grasslands. They drive or walk for hours every day, 1.____________ (patrol) the vast land against illegal hunting. Heavy snow and strong winds often make their journey tough, 2.____________ they never give up. Before each long trip, enough food and water 3.____________ (prepare) for the team. They carry cameras 4.____________ (record) the living conditions of rare species. Over the past five years, the number of wild animals 5.____________ (rise) steadily in this region. Local herdsmen also join the protection work, 6.____________ shows people’s growing awareness of wildlife protection. It is honourable 7.____________ these guardians to stick to their duty in such severe conditions. Nothing is 8.____________ (rewarding) than seeing the grassland regain its vitality. More young people 9.____________ (invite) to take part in the protection programme. People believe the plateau ecosystem 10.____________ (recover) fully in the future. Passage 4（仿生智能纺织面料｜前沿科技说明文） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Scientists have developed new bionic fabrics 1.____________ change their properties with temperature. The special material draws inspiration from plant leaves, 2.____________ (adapt) itself to different weather conditions. On hot days, the cloth expands tiny holes 3.____________ (release) heat from human bodies. When the temperature drops, those holes close automatically 4.____________ keep people warm. The fabric 5.____________ (test) repeatedly before it is put on the market. Since the first sample was created three years ago, researchers 6.____________ (make) several major improvements to the material. This invention will greatly benefit outdoor workers and sports lovers, 7.____________ saves them from carrying extra clothes. It is clever 8.____________ scientists to copy nature for new technology. Such products are 9.____________ (practical) than traditional clothing. More smart materials 10.____________ (create) for daily life in the coming years. Passage 5（运河船工号子｜非遗民俗说明文） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Canal boatmen’s chants are folk songs 1.____________ were sung by ancient workers along the Grand Canal. In the old days, boatmen sang loud rhythmic tunes 2.____________ (coordinate) their strength while pulling heavy boats upstream. The powerful singing united their actions perfectly, 3.____________ (reduce) tiredness during long journeys. As modern transport appeared, the tradition nearly died out, 4.____________ local cultural teams began rescue work years ago. Old boatmen 5.____________ (invite) to record the original chants for future generations. Digital files of the songs 6.____________ (store) in the city’s cultural museum now. It is necessary 7.____________ us to preserve this oral heritage. Nothing is 8.____________ (touching) than hearing these ancient voices again. Young artists start mixing the chants with modern music, 9.____________ (give) the old tradition a new life. More performances of canal chants 10.____________ (show) to the public soon. Passage 6（社区旧物交换市集｜社会公益记叙文） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Every weekend, a second‑hand swap market opens in the community square. Neighbours bring unused items from home, 1.____________ range from old books to hand‑made toys. Instead of throwing things away, people exchange goods for free, 2.____________ (cut) household waste greatly. Volunteers stand at the gate 3.____________ (guide) visitors and keep order. All the leftover things 4.____________ (collect) and sent to poor rural schools after the market closes. Since this activity started two years ago, it 5.____________ (win) wide praise from local families. Parents bring their children here, 6.____________ teaches kids the value of saving resources. It is meaningful 7.____________ citizens to develop a low‑carbon lifestyle. This way of reusing goods is far 8.____________ (cheap) than buying new products. More similar swap events 9.____________ (organize) in nearby neighbourhoods. We hope more people 10.____________ (join) this eco‑friendly activity. Passage 7（月壤科研实验｜航天科技说明文） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Chinese space scientists carry out careful research on lunar soil samples 1.____________ were brought back to Earth. The dark grey moon dust is kept in special sealed containers 2.____________ (prevent) pollution from Earth’s atmosphere. Researchers use high‑precision instruments 3.____________ (examine) the chemical elements inside the soil. No living creatures 4.____________ (find) in the samples so far. The study helps people understand the origin of the moon, 5.____________ offers important support for future lunar exploration. Over the past few years, China’s lunar programmes 6.____________ (achieve) amazing progress. It is brave 7.____________ researchers to explore the unknown world in space. Nothing is 8.____________ (exciting) than new discoveries from the moon. New labs 9.____________ (build) for deeper lunar research in the next few years. Scientists believe more secrets of the moon 10.____________ (uncover) step by step. Passage 8（茶马古道古驿站｜人文历史说明文） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Ancient post stations along the Tea‑Horse Road once served as resting stops for travelling merchants and horses. Hundreds of years ago, traders stopped here 1.____________ (exchange) tea, salt and silk. Simple wooden houses provided shelter for people 2.____________ crossed the rough mountain paths. Local cooks prepared hot food for tired travellers, 3.____________ (warm) their bodies on cold nights. As modern roads appeared, most old stations 4.____________ (abandon) and fell into ruin. Today cultural workers restore these sites carefully, so visitors 5.____________ experience the ancient trade culture once more. A small exhibition hall 6.____________ (set) up at one station to show old trade tools. It is valuable 7.____________ young people to know about this ancient trade route. The restored stations look much 8.____________ (vivid) than history textbooks. Tourists keep coming to visit them, 9.____________ (keep) the history alive. More heritage sites along the road 10.____________ (protect) in the near future. Passage 9（城市湿地候鸟栖息地｜生态保护说明文） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 A city wetland park has become a safe home for migrating wild birds. Every autumn, thousands of birds fly here from far northern areas, 1.____________ (escape) cold winter weather. Clean water and plenty of water plants offer enough food 2.____________ these travellers. Workers build hidden watching platforms 3.____________ visitors can observe birds without disturbing them. No fishing or hunting 4.____________ (allow) within the protected zone. Since protection measures were carried out, the number of migrant birds 5.____________ (grow) year by year. Volunteers take photos and record bird species, 6.____________ helps scientists study migration rules. It is important 7.____________ city planners to leave enough natural space for wildlife. The wetland scenery becomes 8.____________ (striking) than before. More local students come here for nature classes, 9.____________ (raise) environmental awareness. Further protection plans 10.____________ (make) to guard this precious habitat. Passage 10（皮影戏数字化传承｜非遗创新说明文） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Shadow puppetry is a traditional Chinese folk art 1.____________ dates back over two thousand years. Artists cut cowhide into delicate figures 2.____________ (perform) stories behind a white screen. Lights create moving shadows for the audience, 3.____________ (produce) magical stage effects. Years ago, few young people paid attention to this art, 4.____________ it faced the risk of disappearing. Now creative teams combine shadow puppetry with digital technology. Old plays 5.____________ (record) into short videos for online spread. 3‑D animation is also used 6.____________ (attract) teenage audiences. Since the digital project began, online views 7.____________ (reach) millions across the country. It is wise 8.____________ artists to combine tradition with modern media. The new shows are 9.____________ (fascinating) than the old performances alone. More digital works of shadow puppetry 10.____________ (release) in the coming months. Passage 11（乡村自然研学营地｜教育记叙文） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 A rural study camp offers city students a chance to get close to nature. Teachers take teenagers into the woods and farmlands, 1.____________ (guide) them to watch plants and insects closely. Students learn to grow vegetables themselves, 2.____________ helps them realize how hard farming work is. Simple tools 3.____________ (provide) for kids to pick fruit and feed small animals. Before each outdoor activity, safety rules 4.____________ (explain) clearly by camp coaches. Over the past three years, thousands of students 5.____________ (take) part in this programme. It teaches teenagers to respect nature, 6.____________ they will protect the environment in daily life. It is helpful 7.____________ children to stay away from electronic screens for a while. Real‑world experience is far 8.____________ (meaning) than textbook knowledge. More study bases 9.____________ (build) in the countryside. Parents expect their kids 10.____________ (gain) more life skills from such activities. Passage 12（智能垃圾分类回收系统｜智慧城市说明文） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Smart waste‑sorting machines have appeared in many residential communities. Citizens scan a QR code 1.____________ they throw different rubbish into separate boxes inside the machine. Sensors check each piece of waste automatically, 2.____________ (give) people points for correct sorting. The points can be exchanged for daily goods in nearby shops, 3.____________ encourages active public participation. Waste 4.____________ (collect) by special trucks every day for further treatment. Since these devices were put into use, the amount of mixed rubbish 5.____________ (drop) sharply in these neighbourhoods. Engineers keep improving the system 6.____________ it can serve more districts. It is practical 7.____________ cities to use high‑tech tools for waste management. The recycling effect becomes much 8.____________ (obvious) than before. Local volunteers give free lessons to the elderly, 9.____________ (teach) them how to operate the machines. More intelligent recycling equipment 10.____________ (install) across the whole city soon. Passage 13（海外中文读书会｜跨文化交流记叙文） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 A Chinese‑language reading club was set up in a foreign city last year. People from different countries gather once a week 1.____________ (share) Chinese novels and poems. Native Chinese speakers help foreigners correct their pronunciation, 2.____________ (make) learning easier for new members. Simple tea and snacks 3.____________ (prepare) during each gathering to create a warm atmosphere. Many foreigners join the club because they 4.____________ (become) interested in Chinese culture in recent years. Discussions after reading connect hearts across cultural borders, 5.____________ breaks language barriers gently. It is kind 6.____________ these volunteers to spread Chinese literature abroad. Reading together is far 7.____________ (enjoyable) than learning alone. New books from China 8.____________ (order) regularly for the club members. Cultural events such as poetry recitations 9.____________ (hold) every quarter. We hope more people around the world 10.____________ (fall) in love with Chinese literature. Passage 14（青铜失蜡铸造技艺｜古代工艺说明文） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 The lost‑wax casting technique is an amazing ancient Chinese craft 1.____________ was used to make delicate bronze works. Artisans first carved models with beeswax, 2.____________ (cover) them with thick clay. When the clay dried completely, the whole piece was heated 3.____________ (melt) away the inner wax. Hot liquid bronze was poured into the empty moulds, 4.____________ (create) beautiful bronze vessels after cooling. This complex skill 5.____________ (pass) down for thousands of years. Modern archaeologists study the ancient bronzes so they 6.____________ fully understand the wisdom of ancient craftsmen. Many lost‑wax masterpieces 7.____________ (display) in national museums now. It is important 8.____________ us to protect this precious ancient technology. Hand‑cast bronze artworks look much 9.____________ (splendid) than machine‑made copies. Young craftsmen receive professional training 10.____________ (continue) this great tradition. Passage 15（海岛自动气象观测站｜海洋科研说明文） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Unmanned weather stations stand on remote ocean islands to collect climate data. High‑precision instruments record wind speed, temperature and air pressure all day long, 1.____________ (send) real‑time information back to the mainland control centre. Solar panels supply power for the equipment 2.____________ there is no electricity network on these small islands. The machines 3.____________ (check) by maintenance workers several times a year. Since the first station was built ten years ago, forecasters 4.____________ (gain) much more accurate data about ocean storms. This technology helps warn local fishermen of dangerous weather ahead of time, 5.____________ saves countless lives at sea. It is significant 6.____________ coastal areas to build such observation systems. Early warnings are 7.____________ (valuable) than any other rescue measures. New‑generation devices 8.____________ (develop) for rougher sea conditions. Engineers keep testing new materials 9.____________ (protect) the stations from salt wind damage. More automatic weather stations 10.____________ (put) into service on distant islets. 参考答案与详细解析 Passage 1 1.【答案】dating 【解析】非谓语动词，现在分词作后置定语；date back to无被动 2.【答案】the 【解析】定冠词，特指这项技术的发明者 3.【答案】to print 【解析】不定式固定结构 enough … to do 4.【答案】and 【解析】并列连词，先后动作顺承 5.【答案】was finished 【解析】一般过去时被动；work和finish被动关系 6.【答案】bringing 【解析】现在分词作自然而然的结果状语 7.【答案】have changed 【解析】现在完成时；Over centuries为时间标志 8.【答案】for 【解析】It is + adj. + for sb. to do，修饰事件本身 9.【答案】more impactful 【解析】形容词比较级；than提示，多音节词加more 10.【答案】will be held 【解析】一般将来时被动；this year表将来，exhibition和hold被动 Passage 2 1.【答案】which/that 【解析】限制性定语从句；先行词bookstore指物，从句缺主语 2.【答案】who/that 【解析】限制性定语从句；先行词teacher指人，从句缺主语 3.【答案】arranging 【解析】现在分词伴随状语；owner和arrange主动 4.【答案】are preserved 【解析】一般现在时被动；books和preserve被动，客观描述 5.【答案】to search 【解析】不定式作目的状语 6.【答案】has become 【解析】现在完成时；since+过去时间点 7.【答案】which 【解析】非限制性定语从句，指代前面整件事 8.【答案】of 【解析】It is adj. of sb. to do；形容词修饰人的品质 9.【答案】warmer 【解析】形容词比较级；than；far修饰比较级加强语气 10.【答案】will remain 【解析】一般将来时；hope后从句展望未来；remain无被动 Passage 3 1.【答案】patrolling 【解析】现在分词伴随状语；they与patrol主动关系 2.【答案】but 【解析】并列连词表转折，条件艰苦但绝不放弃 3.【答案】are prepared 【解析】一般现在时被动；food‑water和prepare被动 4.【答案】to record 【解析】不定式表目的 5.【答案】has risen 【解析】现在完成时；the number of作主语谓语单数，over five years 6.【答案】which 【解析】非限制性定语从句指代前面整件事实 7.【答案】of 【解析】It is honourable of sb. to do；honourable修饰人 8.【答案】more rewarding 【解析】形容词比较级；than，多音节形容词加more 9.【答案】will be invited 【解析】一般将来时被动；people和invite被动 10.【答案】will recover 【解析】一般将来时；展望未来，ecosystem主动恢复 Passage 4 1.【答案】which/that 【解析】限制性定语从句；先行词fabrics指物，从句缺主语 2.【答案】adapting 【解析】现在分词作伴随状语；material与adapt主动 3.【答案】to release 【解析】不定式作目的状语 4.【答案】to 【解析】不定式目的状语 5.【答案】will be tested 【解析】一般将来时被动；面料上市前将会被反复测试 6.【答案】have made 【解析】现在完成时；since从句过去时，主语researchers复数 7.【答案】which 【解析】非限制性定语从句，指代整件发明带来的好处 8.【答案】of 【解析】It is clever of sb. to do；clever形容人的特质 9.【答案】more practical 【解析】形容词比较级；than，多音节词more 10.【答案】will be created 【解析】一般将来时被动；materials和create被动 Passage 5 1.【答案】which/that 【解析】限制性定语从句；先行词songs指物，从句缺主语 2.【答案】to coordinate 【解析】不定式作目的状语 3.【答案】reducing 【解析】现在分词结果状语 4.【答案】so 【解析】因果连词；濒临失传，于是开展抢救保护 5.【答案】were invited 【解析】一般过去时被动；老船工当年受邀录音 6.【答案】are stored 【解析】一般现在时被动；now表示现状 7.【答案】for 【解析】It is necessary for sb. to do；修饰事件 8.【答案】more touching 【解析】形容词比较级；than，touching多音节 9.【答案】giving 【解析】现在分词作结果伴随状语 10.【答案】will be shown 【解析】一般将来时被动；soon提示将来 Passage 6 1.【答案】which 【解析】非限制性定语从句；逗号隔开，先行词items 2.【答案】cutting 【解析】现在分词自然而然的结果状语 3.【答案】to guide 【解析】不定式作目的状语 4.【答案】are collected 【解析】一般现在时被动；leftover things与collect被动 5.【答案】has won 【解析】现在完成时；since引导过去时态从句，activity单数主语 6.【答案】which 【解析】非限制性定语从句指代前面整件事 7.【答案】for 【解析】It is meaningful for sb. to do 8.【答案】cheaper 【解析】形容词比较级；cheap变比较级cheaper；far修饰比较级 9.【答案】will be organized 【解析】一般将来时被动；events被组织 10.【答案】will join 【解析】一般将来时；hope后从句 Passage 7 1.【答案】which/that 【解析】限制性定语从句；先行词samples指物 2.【答案】to prevent 【解析】不定式目的状语 3.【答案】to examine 【解析】不定式目的状语 4.【答案】have been found 【解析】现在完成时被动；so far时间标志 5.【答案】which 【解析】非限制性定语从句 6.【答案】have achieved 【解析】现在完成时；over the past few years，programmes复数 7.【答案】of 【解析】It is brave of sb. to do；brave修饰科研人员本身 8.【答案】more exciting 【解析】形容词比较级；than修饰事物‑ing形容词 9.【答案】will be built 【解析】一般将来时被动；in the next few years 10.【答案】will be uncovered 【解析】一般将来时被动；secrets被揭开 Passage 8 1.【答案】to exchange 【解析】不定式目的状语 2.【答案】who/that 【解析】限制性定语从句修饰people，从句缺主语 3.【答案】warming 【解析】现在分词伴随状语 4.【答案】were abandoned 【解析】一般过去时被动；stations复数，往事描述 5.【答案】can 【解析】情态动词；so引导结果从句，表示如今游客能够体验 6.【答案】has been set / is set 【解析】现在完成时被动 / 一般现在时被动；已经建好展厅 7.【答案】for 【解析】It is valuable for sb. to do sth. 8.【答案】more vivid 【解析】形容词比较级；than，far修饰比较级 9.【答案】keeping 【解析】现在分词结果伴随状语 10.【答案】will be protected 【解析】一般将来时被动；in the near future Passage 9 1.【答案】escaping 【解析】现在分词作伴随状语；birds主动发出动作 2.【答案】for 【解析】固定搭配offer sth. for sb. 3.【答案】so that 【解析】目的状语从句引导词；修建观景台以便游客观鸟不打扰 4.【答案】is allowed 【解析】一般现在时被动；no‑fishing‑hunting视作单数概念 5.【答案】has grown 【解析】现在完成时；the number of作主语，since从句 6.【答案】which 【解析】非限制性定语从句指代前文整件行为 7.【答案】for 【解析】It is important for sb. to do sth. 8.【答案】more striking 【解析】形容词比较级；than 9.【答案】raising 【解析】现在分词作结果状语 10.【答案】will be made 【解析】一般将来时被动；plans被制定 Passage 10 1.【答案】which/that 【解析】限制性定语从句修饰art，从句缺主语 2.【答案】to perform 【解析】不定式目的状语 3.【答案】producing 【解析】现在分词结果状语 4.【答案】so 【解析】因果连词；关注度低，因此濒临消失 5.【答案】are recorded 【解析】一般现在时被动；plays和record被动 6.【答案】to attract 【解析】不定式目的状语 7.【答案】have reached 【解析】现在完成时；since从句过去时态，views复数主语 8.【答案】for 【解析】It is wise for sb. to do sth. 9.【答案】more fascinating 【解析】形容词比较级；than 10.【答案】will be released 【解析】一般将来时被动；works被发布 Passage 11 1.【答案】guiding 【解析】现在分词伴随状语；teachers和guide主动 2.【答案】which 【解析】非限制性定语从句指代前面整件事 3.【答案】are provided 【解析】一般现在时被动；tools被提供 4.【答案】are explained 【解析】一般现在时被动；rules被讲解 5.【答案】have taken 【解析】现在完成时；over the past three years 6.【答案】and 【解析】并列连词，顺承因果关系 7.【答案】for 【解析】It is helpful for sb. to do 8.【答案】more meaningful 【解析】形容词比较级；than；far修饰比较级 9.【答案】will be built 【解析】一般将来时被动；bases被建造 10.【答案】to gain 【解析】固定搭配expect sb. to do sth. Passage 12 1.【答案】before/when 【解析】时间状语从句；扫码之后/投放垃圾时 2.【答案】giving 【解析】现在分词结果状语；传感器自动检测，给出积分 3.【答案】which 【解析】非限制性定语从句指代前面整件激励机制 4.【答案】is collected 【解析】一般现在时被动；waste不可数名词 5.【答案】has dropped 【解析】现在完成时；since被动语态从句，rubbish不可数 6.【答案】so that 【解析】目的状语从句；优化系统从而服务更多社区 7.【答案】for 【解析】It is practical for cities to do sth. 8.【答案】more obvious 【解析】形容词比较级；than，much修饰比较级 9.【答案】teaching 【解析】现在分词伴随状语；志愿者授课 10.【答案】will be installed 【解析】一般将来时被动；soon提示将来 Passage 13 1.【答案】to share 【解析】不定式目的状语；每周相聚分享读物 2.【答案】making 【解析】现在分词结果状语；纠正发音，降低学习难度 3.【答案】are prepared 【解析】一般现在时被动；茶点被备好 4.【答案】have become 【解析】现在完成时；in recent years时间标志 5.【答案】which 【解析】非限制性定语从句指代阅读讨论这件事 6.【答案】of 【解析】It is kind of sb. to do sth.；kind修饰志愿者品格 7.【答案】more enjoyable 【解析】形容词比较级；than 8.【答案】are ordered 【解析】一般现在时被动；新书被定期订购 9.【答案】are held 【解析】一般现在时被动；季度活动被举办 10.【答案】will fall 【解析】一般将来时；hope后从句 Passage 14 1.【答案】which/that 【解析】限制性定语从句修饰craft 2.【答案】covering 【解析】现在分词伴随状语；工匠裹上黏土 3.【答案】to melt 【解析】不定式目的状语；加热用来熔掉蜡模 4.【答案】creating 【解析】现在分词自然而然的结果状语 5.【答案】has been passed 【解析】现在完成时被动；技艺被传承数千年；skill单数主语 6.【答案】can 【解析】情态动词；以便能够充分理解古人智慧 7.【答案】are displayed 【解析】一般现在时被动；now，青铜展品被陈列 8.【答案】for 【解析】It is important for us to do sth. 9.【答案】more splendid 【解析】形容词比较级；than，much/far修饰加强语气 10.【答案】to continue 【解析】不定式目的状语；培训年轻匠人延续技艺 Passage 15 1.【答案】sending 【解析】现在分词伴随状语；仪器采集数据同步传回中心 2.【答案】because 【解析】原因状语从句；岛上无电网，所以依靠太阳能供电 3.【答案】are checked 【解析】一般现在时被动；设备每年检修数次 4.【答案】have gained 【解析】现在完成时；since从句过去时态，forecasters复数主语 5.【答案】which 【解析】非限制性定语从句指代整套预警技术 6.【答案】for 【解析】It is significant for coastal areas to do sth. 7.【答案】more valuable 【解析】形容词比较级；than 8.【答案】are being developed / will be developed 【解析】现在进行时被动 / 一般将来时被动；新一代设备正在研发 9.【答案】to protect 【解析】不定式目的状语；测试新材料保护设备免受盐雾腐蚀 10.【答案】will be put 【解析】一般将来时被动；更多站点即将投入使用 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $