专题20 主谓一致（知识清单）（北京专用）2027年高考英语一轮复习讲练测

该高中英语高考复习知识清单聚焦主谓一致专题，通过知识脑图搭建核心脉络，涵盖语法一致、意义一致、就近一致三大法则，语法填空解题流程及书面表达高频易错场景，结合优题精练实现知能突破。 清单采用分层考点设计，如语法一致细化不定代词、就远结构等高频考点，配套四步解题流程锁定主语、判断单复数、确定时态语态及匹配谓语变形，辅以“不定从句单用单”等快速自查口诀，培养学生语言能力与思维品质。精选北京卷真题及模拟题，标注易错点如a number of/the number of混淆，助力学生自主复习，为教师提供精准教学支持。

清单20 主谓一致 目录导航 01知识脑图·核心脉络搭建——梳理专题框架，搭建知识体系 02考点深研·知能分层突破——深挖高频考点，分层突破重难点 考点一 主谓一致三大法则 知识点1 语法一致 知识点2 意义一致 知识点3 就近一致 考点二 主谓一致在语法填空中的解题流程 ① 划掉 as well as/together with / 介词短语等修饰成分，锁定:真正主语 ② 判断主语表达单数 / 复数概念 ③ 结合时间标志确定时态；有被动含义判断语态 ④ 谓语动词匹配单复数变形 考点三 书面表达最容易出错场景 1. as well as, together with 结构，误把后面名词当作主语 2. a number of /the number of 混淆单复数 3. 动名词、主语从句作主语，误用复数谓语 4. 定语从句先行词判断失误，从句主谓不一致 5. 集合名词随意混用单复数 03优题精练·专题实战通关——精选优质试题，强化实战应用 知识脑图·核心脉络搭建 考点深研·知能分层突破 考点1 主谓一致三大法则 知识点 1 核心概念与三大原则 主谓一致：谓语动词在人称、数上与句子主语保持一致，语法填空常与时态、语态综合考查。遵循三大原则：语法一致、意义一致、就近一致。 （1）语法一致（形式优先，高考最高频） 主语形式决定谓语单复数，不受后置修饰成分干扰。 1. 不定代词作主语（someone, anyone, everyone, nobody, everything, nothing 等），谓语一律单数 Everyone has a chance to join the activity. 2. 动名词、不定式、单个主语从句作主语，谓语单数 Reading broadens our horizons. What we need is enough time. 3. many a /more than one + 单数名词，谓语单数 Many a student has visited the museum. 4. and 连接并列主语 ✅ 两个不同人 / 事物（双冠词）→复数谓语 The writer and the artist are coming. ✅ 同一个人（共用一个冠词）→单数谓语 The writer and artist is coming. 5. 就远结构（高频易错） 主语 + together with/as well as/along with/except/besides/rather than + 名词 谓语只和前面核心主语保持一致，后面短语仅作修饰。 Tom as well as his classmates likes classical music. 6. 定语从句主谓一致：谓语匹配**先行词** He is one of the students who like painting. He is the only one of the students who likes painting. （2）意义一致（看内在含义，不看表面拼写） 1. 集合名词 family, class, team, group, audience, government 强调整体→单数；强调内部成员→复数 The team is strong.（整体） The team are discussing the plan.（队员） 2. 形式复数、含义单数：news, maths, physics, politics、国名、书名，谓语单数 Physics is hard for some students. 3. 形式单数、含义复数：people, police, cattle，谓语复数 The police are searching for evidence. 4. 时间、金钱、距离作主语，视为整体，谓语单数 Thirty years is a long period. 5. the + 形容词，表示一类人，谓语复数 The elderly are well cared for. 6. all/most/half/ 分数 / 百分数 + of + 名词 谓语单复数由 of 后面名词决定 Half of the water is gone. Half of the students are from Beijing. 7. 易混黄金组合 a number of + 复数名词（许多）→谓语复数 the number of + 复数名词（…… 的数量）→谓语单数 A number of birds are flying south. The number of birds is increasing. （3）就近一致（谓语跟随最近的主语） 适用结构：or；either…or…；neither…nor…；not only…but also…；there be 句型 Either you or he is responsible. There is a pen and two books on the desk. 知识点 2 高频特殊易错点 1. each + 单数名词，谓语单数；复数名词 + each（同位语），谓语复数 Each child has a notebook. They each have their own dreams. 2. one and a half + 复数名词，谓语单数 One and a half hours is required. 3. 倒装句：谓语单复数由后面真正主语决定 In front of the building stand two ancient trees. 【随堂例题】 1.The teacher together with his students _______ (enjoy) the exhibition now. 2.The number of participants _______(rise) steadily so far. 3.Not only the kids but also their mother _______ (like) outdoor sports. 考点 2 主谓一致在语法填空中的解题流程（北京高考重点） 知识点 1 标准解题步骤 ① 划掉 as well as/together with / 介词短语等修饰成分，锁定:真正主语 ② 判断主语表达单数 / 复数概念 ③ 结合时间标志确定时态；有被动含义判断语态 ④ 谓语动词匹配单复数变形 知识点 2 北京卷常见综合考查模式 1. 主谓一致 + 一般过去时被动 2. 主谓一致 + 现在完成时 3. 主谓一致 + 定语从句时态变形 4. which 指代前面整件事，视为单数主语（2024 北京卷真题考点） 【随堂例题】 1. Universities _______ (design) along the three unities of French classical tragedy. 2. What we lack now _______ (be) practical skills. 考点 3 写作高频失分预警 知识点 1 书面表达最容易出错场景 1. as well as, together with 结构，误把后面名词当作主语 2. a number of /the number of 混淆单复数 3. 动名词、主语从句作主语，误用复数谓语 4. 定语从句先行词判断失误，从句主谓不一致 5. 集合名词随意混用单复数 知识点 2 快速自查口诀 不定从句单用单，as well as 看前面； neither nor 就近算，the number 单用单； 集合名词分两种，整体单数成员换； 定语从句看先行，写完主语回头看。 【随堂例题】 1. Many a young person_______(hope) to make a difference to society. 2. The police______ (search) the area for clues at present. 优题精练·专题实战通关 考点 动词的时态、语态与主谓一致 1.(2025·北京·高考) By the time you brushed your teeth, you 15 (make) several decisions even without noticing. Some choices are quick, while others take more thought. Usually, better outcomes 16 (achieve) through a thorough understanding of strategies like risk tolerance. 2. (2024·北京·高考) When we slow down, we create space to reflect on our thoughts and emotions, which helps us identify important areas of our lives and 13 (give) us the opportunity to make right choices. 3.(2024·北京·高考) On April 5, 2024, John Tinniswood 15 (name) the world’s oldest living man. 4.(2023·北京·高考)Up to now, China 16 (establish) a number of protected areas with mangroves. 5.(2022·北京·高考)Gas naturally 16 (have) no recognisable smell. However, a strong smell is added so that we can raise the alarm when we detect the smell associated with danger. 6.(2022·北京·高考)The use of those plastics 20 (increase) by 300% since 2019. The world won’t survive if this situation continues. 7.(2021·北京·高考)As it 13 (connect) things，your brain tums them into a story, and you get a dream． 8.(2021·北京·高考)There 17 (be) a dramatic rise in the number of extreme weather events over the past 20 years, 18caused (cause) largely by rising global temperatures,according to a new report from the United Nations. 9.（2026届北京市东城区高三期末二模试题） Evan Budz, a 15-year-old from Canada, won first place at the 36th EU Contest for Young Scientists with his autonomous bionic sea turtle robot. He ____14____ (inspire) when he observed the movement of real turtles during a camping trip. His design enables smoother movement through water, ____15____ (reduce) impact on the delicate underwater ecosystems. ____16____ an AI-powered computer vision system, the robot monitors coral health and aids underwater surveys and coral reef protection. Budz’s innovation shows young people’s remarkable capability ____17____ (tackle) complex technical and environmental challenges. 10.（北京市北京师范大学第二附属中学2024-2025学年高三下学期英语统练5） Information in your brain 1 (collect), stored and recalled by neural pathways. These pathways are responsible for your abilities to solve problems, remember familiar faces and tasks, without paying a ton of efforts. Millions of these neural pathways begin developing from the time 2 you are growing into a baby. 3 (keep) our memory healthy, we need to create new pathways continually. 11.（2025届北京市平谷区高三下学期质量监控（一模）英语试题) Humor is a balancing act and BrainPOP, an educational platform, can help teachers create an appropriate balance because the 1 (learn) activities support any course in a dynamic and kid-friendly way. Julie Kuzma from a public school agrees. She   2 (appreciate) that humor is a significant content principle BrainPOP employs. She also emphasizes that humor in the classroom is not about making jokes but about 3 you make students feel a certain way. In her experience, humor builds trust and makes students feel connected and 4 (see). “If you can make them smile, you know that you're on the right track and you've lightened their day a little bit. ” 12.（2025届北京市平谷区高三下学期质量监控（一模）英语试题) Hainan Free Trade Port is 1 (large) free trade port in the world, with rich tourism resources and unique culture. There are beautiful beaches, quality hot springs, unique rainforests, rich cuisine and wedding tourism bases. Hainan also pays attention to the development of sports tourism and until now, it 2 (build) a national sports training southern base and a series of sports activities. In addition, Hainan also has a wealth of shopping and duty-free shops, where shopkeepers offer a variety of specialty goods and experiences. With its high-quality services and diverse and inclusive cultural atmosphere, Hainan 3 (sincere) welcomes tourists from all over the world to experience a unique island trip. 13.（北京市延庆区2024-2025学年高三下学期2月月考英语试题) A recent study published in BMC Psychology suggests that editing photos can 14 (negative) impact how individuals perceive their attractiveness and overall self-esteem. This connection seems to be influenced by comparing physical appearance and 15 (treat) oneself as an object. These results serve as a warning to social media users to be aware of the potential negative effects of using photo-editing tools or filters. Nowadays, social media 16 (use) by millions of people to connect and share their lives. However, research suggests that excessive use of social media may lead to mental health issues like depression and 17 (anxious). 14.（北京市延庆区2024-2025学年高三下学期2月月考英语试题) By sending seeds on short trips into space, China is developing new crop varieties. This process, 18 (know) as space breeding, exposes seeds to cosmic radiation, which changes their genes and leads to the creation of new varieties with greater diversity. Since China’s first space breeding experiment in August 1987, the country 19 (send) seeds from thousands of plant species into space. This has resulted in the development of nearly 1,000 new plant varieties. The technology reportedly helps increase China’s annual grain production 20 2 million tons and produces direct economic benefits exceeding 100 billion yuan. 15.（北京市北京师范大学第二附属中学2024-2025学年高三下学期英语统练4） Erinna 1 (move) by her son’s haircut. She shared a video online, which has gotten millions of views. 2 (give) the huge response, Erinna also set up a special GoFundMe to support her son’s hairdresser 3 (make) sure she’s able to continue to work and replace any lost income from the impact of the pandemic (流行病). 16.（北京大学附属中学2024-2025学年高三下学期开学考英语试题) Over the years, the volume of information students need to learn and remember 1 (grow), as claimed by various studies. The post-pandemic educational systems, in particular, have experienced a shift toward including streaming of everyday lectures 2 our daily lives, allowing various playback speed options. Research has explored how adjusting playback speed affects 3 (concentrate). It often finds it beneficial to increase playback speed (1.5x to 2x) when 4 (deal) with extensive lecture recordings. However, a notable drop in performance is observed when the speed exceeds 2x. 17.（北京大学附属中学2024-2025学年高三下学期开学考英语试题) The concept of the law of reversed effort was defined by writer and philosopher Aldous Huxley. He explained the 1 (hard) we try with the conscious will to do something, the less we shall succeed. Effort 2   (become)a paradox (悖论). It is like swimming against the current in a river. We can swim upstream, using all our might 3 (fight) the rushing water and still not get close to where we need to be. Or we can let the current take us downstream and find a different spot to get out of the water. 18.（北京师范大学第二附属中学2024-2025学年高三下学期统练3英语试题) Skye has realized that she is one of the lucky kids who 1 (identify) as a sufferer of dyslexia (阅读障碍) so far. She knows that educating teachers about dyslexia and giving students with the learning challenge the tools they need is a great first step in meeting dyslexia head on, and 2 (help) them be confident, capable students. “Right now they feel 3 (stick) — ashamed, unsure and insecure about their school work. If I could help stop these students feeling this way, that would mean the world to me.” 1 / 19 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 清单20 主谓一致 目录导航 01知识脑图·核心脉络搭建——梳理专题框架，搭建知识体系 02考点深研·知能分层突破——深挖高频考点，分层突破重难点 考点一 主谓一致三大法则 知识点1 语法一致 知识点2 意义一致 知识点3 就近一致 考点二 主谓一致在语法填空中的解题流程 ① 划掉 as well as/together with / 介词短语等修饰成分，锁定:真正主语 ② 判断主语表达单数 / 复数概念 ③ 结合时间标志确定时态；有被动含义判断语态 ④ 谓语动词匹配单复数变形 考点三 书面表达最容易出错场景 1. as well as, together with 结构，误把后面名词当作主语 2. a number of /the number of 混淆单复数 3. 动名词、主语从句作主语，误用复数谓语 4. 定语从句先行词判断失误，从句主谓不一致 5. 集合名词随意混用单复数 03优题精练·专题实战通关——精选优质试题，强化实战应用 知识脑图·核心脉络搭建 考点深研·知能分层突破 考点1 主谓一致三大法则 知识点 1 核心概念与三大原则 主谓一致：谓语动词在人称、数上与句子主语保持一致，语法填空常与时态、语态综合考查。遵循三大原则：语法一致、意义一致、就近一致。 （1）语法一致（形式优先，高考最高频） 主语形式决定谓语单复数，不受后置修饰成分干扰。 1. 不定代词作主语（someone, anyone, everyone, nobody, everything, nothing 等），谓语一律单数 Everyone has a chance to join the activity. 2. 动名词、不定式、单个主语从句作主语，谓语单数 Reading broadens our horizons. What we need is enough time. 3. many a /more than one + 单数名词，谓语单数 Many a student has visited the museum. 4. and 连接并列主语 ✅ 两个不同人 / 事物（双冠词）→复数谓语 The writer and the artist are coming. ✅ 同一个人（共用一个冠词）→单数谓语 The writer and artist is coming. 5. 就远结构（高频易错） 主语 + together with/as well as/along with/except/besides/rather than + 名词 谓语只和前面核心主语保持一致，后面短语仅作修饰。 Tom as well as his classmates likes classical music. 6. 定语从句主谓一致：谓语匹配**先行词** He is one of the students who like painting. He is the only one of the students who likes painting. （2）意义一致（看内在含义，不看表面拼写） 1. 集合名词 family, class, team, group, audience, government 强调整体→单数；强调内部成员→复数 The team is strong.（整体） The team are discussing the plan.（队员） 2. 形式复数、含义单数：news, maths, physics, politics、国名、书名，谓语单数 Physics is hard for some students. 3. 形式单数、含义复数：people, police, cattle，谓语复数 The police are searching for evidence. 4. 时间、金钱、距离作主语，视为整体，谓语单数 Thirty years is a long period. 5. the + 形容词，表示一类人，谓语复数 The elderly are well cared for. 6. all/most/half/ 分数 / 百分数 + of + 名词 谓语单复数由 of 后面名词决定 Half of the water is gone. Half of the students are from Beijing. 7. 易混黄金组合 a number of + 复数名词（许多）→谓语复数 the number of + 复数名词（…… 的数量）→谓语单数 A number of birds are flying south. The number of birds is increasing. （3）就近一致（谓语跟随最近的主语） 适用结构：or；either…or…；neither…nor…；not only…but also…；there be 句型 Either you or he is responsible. There is a pen and two books on the desk. 知识点 2 高频特殊易错点 1. each + 单数名词，谓语单数；复数名词 + each（同位语），谓语复数 Each child has a notebook. They each have their own dreams. 2. one and a half + 复数名词，谓语单数 One and a half hours is required. 3. 倒装句：谓语单复数由后面真正主语决定 In front of the building stand two ancient trees. 【随堂例题】 1.The teacher together with his students _______ (enjoy) the exhibition now. 答案：is enjoying 解析：together with 为插入语，核心主语 the teacher 单数；now 现在进行时。 2.The number of participants _______(rise) steadily so far. 答案：has risen 解析：主语 the number 单数；so far 提示现在完成时。 3.Not only the kids but also their mother _______ (like) outdoor sports. 答案：likes 解析：not only…but also 就近一致，靠近谓语的主语 their mother 为单数。 考点 2 主谓一致在语法填空中的解题流程（北京高考重点） 知识点 1 标准解题步骤 ① 划掉 as well as/together with / 介词短语等修饰成分，锁定:真正主语 ② 判断主语表达单数 / 复数概念 ③ 结合时间标志确定时态；有被动含义判断语态 ④ 谓语动词匹配单复数变形 知识点 2 北京卷常见综合考查模式 1. 主谓一致 + 一般过去时被动 2. 主谓一致 + 现在完成时 3. 主谓一致 + 定语从句时态变形 4. which 指代前面整件事，视为单数主语（2024 北京卷真题考点） 【随堂例题】 1. Universities _______ (design) along the three unities of French classical tragedy. 答案：were designed 解析：主语 universities 复数；大学 “被设计”，一般过去时被动。 2. What we lack now _______ (be) practical skills. 答案：is 解析：单个主语从句作主语，谓语用单数。 考点 3 写作高频失分预警 知识点 1 书面表达最容易出错场景 1. as well as, together with 结构，误把后面名词当作主语 2. a number of /the number of 混淆单复数 3. 动名词、主语从句作主语，误用复数谓语 4. 定语从句先行词判断失误，从句主谓不一致 5. 集合名词随意混用单复数 知识点 2 快速自查口诀 不定从句单用单，as well as 看前面； neither nor 就近算，the number 单用单； 集合名词分两种，整体单数成员换； 定语从句看先行，写完主语回头看。 【随堂例题】 1. Many a young person_______(hope) to make a difference to society. 答案：hopes 解析：many a + 单数名词，谓语动词三单。 2. The police______ (search) the area for clues at present. 答案：are searching 解析：police 恒表复数；at present 现在进行时。 优题精练·专题实战通关 考点 动词的时态、语态与主谓一致 1.(2025·北京·高考) By the time you brushed your teeth, you 15 (make) several decisions even without noticing. Some choices are quick, while others take more thought. Usually, better outcomes 16 (achieve) through a thorough understanding of strategies like risk tolerance. 【答案】15.had made 16.are achieved 【解析】 15.考查时态。句意：当你刷牙的时候，你甚至在不知不觉中已经做了好几个决定。根据时间状语“By the time you brushed your teeth”可知，此处表示在过去某一时间点之前已经完成的动作，时态应用过去完成时，谓语用had made。故填had made。 16.考查时态、语态和主谓一致。句意：通常，通过充分了解风险承受能力等策略，可以取得更好的结果。根据时间状语“Usually”可知，此处表示经常性、习惯性的动作，时态应用一般现在时；主语better outcomes和动词achieve“实现”之间是被动关系，应用一般现在时的被动语态；主语better outcomes是复数，be动词应用are。故填are achieved。 2. (2024·北京·高考) When we slow down, we create space to reflect on our thoughts and emotions, which helps us identify important areas of our lives and 13 (give) us the opportunity to make right choices. 【答案】gives 【解析】考查时态和主谓一致。句意：当我们放慢脚步时，我们会创造空间来反思我们的想法和情绪，这有助于我们确定生活中的重要领域，并给我们做出正确选择的机会。which引导的非限制性定语从句中，根据helps可知，从句使用一般现在时，which指代前边的整个句子，所以从句谓语应用第三人称单数形式gives，gives与helps并列，作并列谓语。故填gives。 3.(2024·北京·高考) On April 5, 2024, John Tinniswood 15 (name) the world’s oldest living man. 【答案】was named 【解析】考查时态、语态和主谓一致。句意：2024年4月5日，约翰·廷尼斯伍德被评为世界上在世最长寿的人。根据时间状语On April 5, 2024可知，此处描述过去发生的事，句子应用一般过去时；name与主语John Tinniswood之间是被动关系，应用被动语态，主语John Tinniswood是单数，be动词使用was。故填was named。 4.(2023·北京·高考)Up to now, China 16 (establish) a number of protected areas with mangroves. 【答案】has established 【解析】考查时态和主谓一致。句意：到目前为止，中国已经建立了一些红树林保护区。由Up to now(到目前为止)可知，句子应用现在完成时，主语是China，助动词应用has，故填has established。 5.(2022·北京·高考)Gas naturally 16 (have) no recognisable smell. However, a strong smell is added so that we can raise the alarm when we detect the smell associated with danger. 【答案】has 【解析】考查主谓一致。句意：气体本来没有可识别的味道。分析句子结构可知空格处的动词作谓语，本句话是在陈述客观事实，应用一般现在时态，且主语gas在本文中指的是气体的统称，为不可数名词，所以谓语动词要用单三形式。故填has。 6.(2022·北京·高考)The use of those plastics 20 (increase) by 300% since 2019. The world won’t survive if this situation continues. 【答案】has increased 【解析】考查时态、语态和主谓一致。句意：自从2019年，那些塑料的使用已经增加了300%。根据句中since 2019，可知此处用现在完成时。主语The use of those plastics为单数含义，助动词用has。故填has increased。 7.(2021·北京·高考)As it 13 (connect) things，your brain tums them into a story, and you get a dream． 【答案】connects 【解析】考查时态和主谓一致。句意：当它连接事物时，你的大脑将它们变成一个故事，然后你就得到了一个梦。由主句谓语动词tums可知，空处从句的谓语动词需用一般现在时态，主语是第三人称单数it，所以空处谓语动词需用单数。故填connects。 8.(2021·北京·高考)There 17 (be) a dramatic rise in the number of extreme weather events over the past 20 years, 18caused (cause) largely by rising global temperatures,according to a new report from the United Nations. 【答案】has been 【解析】考查动词时态和主谓一致。句意：根据联合国的一份新报告，过去20年里，极端天气事件的数量急剧增加，这在很大程度上是由全球气温上升造成的。根据时间状语over the past 20 years可知，此处使用现在完成时，a dramatic rise是单数感念，助动词应用第三人称单数形式。故填has been。 9.（2026届北京市东城区高三期末二模试题） Evan Budz, a 15-year-old from Canada, won first place at the 36th EU Contest for Young Scientists with his autonomous bionic sea turtle robot. He ____14____ (inspire) when he observed the movement of real turtles during a camping trip. His design enables smoother movement through water, ____15____ (reduce) impact on the delicate underwater ecosystems. ____16____ an AI-powered computer vision system, the robot monitors coral health and aids underwater surveys and coral reef protection. Budz’s innovation shows young people’s remarkable capability ____17____ (tackle) complex technical and environmental challenges. 【答案】14. was inspired 15. reducing 16. With 17. to tackle 【解析】 【导语】这篇文章主要介绍了加拿大15岁少年 Evan Budz 凭借自主仿生海龟机器人斩获欧盟青年科学家大赛一等奖，介绍了该机器人的设计灵感、优势、人工智能功能以及这项创新体现出年轻人应对科技与环境难题的能力。 【14题详解】 考查时态语态。句意：他在一次露营旅行中观察真实海龟的游动时，受到了启发。事情发生在过去，用一般过去时，主语He和inspire为被动关系，用一般过去时的被动语态was inspired。 【15题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：他的设计能让水下游动更加平稳，减少对脆弱水下生态系统的影响。句中已有谓语动词enables，故空处需填非谓语动词，此处表示自然而然带来的结果，用现在分词reducing作结果状语。 【16题详解】 考查介词。句意：借助一套人工智能计算机视觉系统，这款机器人能够监测珊瑚健康状况，助力水下勘测与珊瑚礁保护工作。空格后为名词短语，需用介词With表示“凭借、借助”。 【17题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：Budz的创新成果展现了年轻人应对复杂技术与环境挑战的非凡能力。固定搭配capability to do sth.表示“做某事的能力”，用不定式to tackle作后置定语。 10.（北京市北京师范大学第二附属中学2024-2025学年高三下学期英语统练5） Information in your brain 1 (collect), stored and recalled by neural pathways. These pathways are responsible for your abilities to solve problems, remember familiar faces and tasks, without paying a ton of efforts. Millions of these neural pathways begin developing from the time 2 you are growing into a baby. 3 (keep) our memory healthy, we need to create new pathways continually. 【答案】1．is collected 2．when 3．To keep 【解析】本文为一篇说明文，介绍了大脑如何保持健康记忆力。 1．考查动词时态和语态。句意：大脑中的信息是通过神经通路收集、储存和回忆的。空处作谓语，information与动词collect构成逻辑上的被动关系，句子描述科学事实，用一般现在时的被动语态，主语为不可数名词，be动词用is。故填is collected。 2．考查定语从句。句意：数以百万计的神经通路从你成长为婴儿的时候就开始发育。空处引导限制性定语从句，代替先行词time在从句中作时间状语，用关系副词when引导。故填when。 3．考查非谓语动词。句意：为了保持我们的记忆健康，我们需要不断地创造新的路径。空处表示目的，用不定式作目的状语，放在句首，首字母大写。故填To keep。 11.（2025届北京市平谷区高三下学期质量监控（一模）英语试题) Humor is a balancing act and BrainPOP, an educational platform, can help teachers create an appropriate balance because the 1 (learn) activities support any course in a dynamic and kid-friendly way. Julie Kuzma from a public school agrees. She   2 (appreciate) that humor is a significant content principle BrainPOP employs. She also emphasizes that humor in the classroom is not about making jokes but about 3 you make students feel a certain way. In her experience, humor builds trust and makes students feel connected and 4 (see). “If you can make them smile, you know that you're on the right track and you've lightened their day a little bit. ” 【答案】1．learning 2．appreciates 3．how 4．seen 【解析】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了幽默在教育中的重要性，以及BrainPOP平台如何通过幽默帮助教师创造适当的学习氛围。 1．考查动名词。句意：BrainPOP平台可以帮助教师创造适当的学习氛围，因为其学习活动以一种动态且适合孩子的方式支持任何课程。名词learning作定语修饰名词。故填learning。 2．考查时态和主谓一致。句意：她认为幽默是BrainPOP采用的一个重要内容原则。主语“She”是第三人称单数，且句子在陈述现在的情况，为一般现在时，故动词。故填appreciates。 3．考查连接副词。句意：她还强调，课堂上的幽默不是为了讲笑话，而是关于你如何让学生感受到某种情绪。设空处需要引导宾语从句，表示方式，故用“how”。故填how。 4．考查过去分词。句意：在她的经验中，幽默可以建立信任，让学生感到彼此联系和被关注。空处为非谓语动词，students与see为被动关系，用过去分词作feel的表语。故填seen。 12.（2025届北京市平谷区高三下学期质量监控（一模）英语试题) Hainan Free Trade Port is 1 (large) free trade port in the world, with rich tourism resources and unique culture. There are beautiful beaches, quality hot springs, unique rainforests, rich cuisine and wedding tourism bases. Hainan also pays attention to the development of sports tourism and until now, it 2 (build) a national sports training southern base and a series of sports activities. In addition, Hainan also has a wealth of shopping and duty-free shops, where shopkeepers offer a variety of specialty goods and experiences. With its high-quality services and diverse and inclusive cultural atmosphere, Hainan 3 (sincere) welcomes tourists from all over the world to experience a unique island trip. 【答案】1．the largest 2．has built 3．sincerely 【解析】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了海南自由贸易港作为全球最大自由贸易港的旅游资源、体育旅游发展、购物及免税店特色，以及其对全球游客的真诚欢迎。 1．考查形容词最高级。句意：海南自由贸易港是世界上最大的自由贸易港，拥有丰富的旅游资源和独特的文化。根据句中in the world可知，空处应用形容词large的最高级形式the largest来修饰free trade port，表示“最大的自由贸易港”。故填the largest。 2．考查时态。句意：海南也重视体育旅游的发展，到目前为止，已经建成了一座国家体育训练南方基地和一系列体育活动。根据时间状语until now可知，谓语动词build应用现在完成时，主语是it，助动词用has。故填has built。 3．考查副词。句意：海南以其优质的服务和多元包容的文化氛围，真诚欢迎世界各地的游客来体验独特的海岛之旅。空处修饰动词welcomes，应用副词sincerely“真诚地”，作状语。故填sincerely。 13.（北京市延庆区2024-2025学年高三下学期2月月考英语试题) A recent study published in BMC Psychology suggests that editing photos can 14 (negative) impact how individuals perceive their attractiveness and overall self-esteem. This connection seems to be influenced by comparing physical appearance and 15 (treat) oneself as an object. These results serve as a warning to social media users to be aware of the potential negative effects of using photo-editing tools or filters. Nowadays, social media 16 (use) by millions of people to connect and share their lives. However, research suggests that excessive use of social media may lead to mental health issues like depression and 17 (anxious). 【答案】1．negatively 2．treating 3．is used 4．anxiety 【解析】本文是说明文。主要介绍了编辑照片对个人自我认知和心理健康的影响，并警示社交媒体用户注意其潜在负面影响。 1．考查副词。句意：最近发表在《BMC心理学》上的一项研究表明，编辑照片会对个人对自己的吸引力和整体自尊的看法产生负面影响。空处修饰空后的动词，用副词negatively修饰。故填negatively。 2．考查非谓语动词。句意：这种联系似乎受到比较外表和把自己当作物体的影响。根据空前的and可知，空处应和前文的comparing并列，应填动名词形式。故填treating。 3．考查动词时态和语态。句意：如今，数以百万计的人使用社交媒体来联系和分享他们的生活。use作本句谓语，根据空后的by可知，用被动语态，描述客观事实，用一般现在时，主语为第三人称单数，故填is used。 4．考查名词。句意：然而，研究表明，过度使用社交媒体可能会导致抑郁和焦虑等心理健康问题。根据空前的and可知，空处和前文的depression并列，应填名词作宾语，anxious的名词形式是anxiety。故填anxiety。 14.（北京市延庆区2024-2025学年高三下学期2月月考英语试题) By sending seeds on short trips into space, China is developing new crop varieties. This process, 18 (know) as space breeding, exposes seeds to cosmic radiation, which changes their genes and leads to the creation of new varieties with greater diversity. Since China’s first space breeding experiment in August 1987, the country 19 (send) seeds from thousands of plant species into space. This has resulted in the development of nearly 1,000 new plant varieties. The technology reportedly helps increase China’s annual grain production 20 2 million tons and produces direct economic benefits exceeding 100 billion yuan. 【答案】1．known 2．has sent 3．by 【解析】本文是说明文。主要介绍了中国通过太空育种技术培育新作物品种的过程和成果。 1．考查非谓语动词。句意：这个过程被称为太空育种，将种子暴露在宇宙辐射中，这改变了它们的基因，并导致创造出更多样化的新品种。本句已有谓语动词exposes，所以konw用非谓语形式作后置定语，此处是固定搭配：be known as意为“被称为”，去掉be动词。故填known。 2．考查动词时态和主谓一致。句意：自287年8月中国首次进行太空育种实验以来，中国已将数千种植物的种子送入太空。send作本句谓语，根据since可知，用现在完成时，主语为第三人称单数。故填has sent。 3．考查介词。句意：据报道，这项技术帮助中国每年增加30万吨粮食产量，产生的直接经济效益超过1000亿元。表示数量变化的幅度时，用介词“by”。此处指“每年粮食产量增加30万吨”。故填by。 15.（北京市北京师范大学第二附属中学2024-2025学年高三下学期英语统练4） Erinna 1 (move) by her son’s haircut. She shared a video online, which has gotten millions of views. 2 (give) the huge response, Erinna also set up a special GoFundMe to support her son’s hairdresser 3 (make) sure she’s able to continue to work and replace any lost income from the impact of the pandemic (流行病). 【答案】1．was moved 2．Given 3．to make 【解析】这是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了Erinna在网络上分享儿子的发型视频走红，还设立了GoFundMe来支持她儿子的理发师。 1．考查时态语态。句意：Erinna被儿子的发型感动了。主语Erinna与谓语构成被动关系，且发生在过去，用一般过去时的被动语态，谓语用单数。故填was moved。 2．考查介词。句意：鉴于巨大的反响，Erinna还设立了一个特别的GoFundMe来支持她儿子的理发师，以确保她能够继续工作，并弥补因疫情影响而损失的收入。后跟名词作宾语，表示“鉴于”应用介词given，首字母大写。故填Given。 3．考查非谓语动词。句意：鉴于巨大的反响，Erinna还设立了一个特别的GoFundMe来支持她儿子的理发师，以确保她能够继续工作，并弥补因疫情影响而损失的收入。此处make作目的状语，用不定式。故填to make。 16.（北京大学附属中学2024-2025学年高三下学期开学考英语试题) Over the years, the volume of information students need to learn and remember 1 (grow), as claimed by various studies. The post-pandemic educational systems, in particular, have experienced a shift toward including streaming of everyday lectures 2 our daily lives, allowing various playback speed options. Research has explored how adjusting playback speed affects 3 (concentrate). It often finds it beneficial to increase playback speed (1.5x to 2x) when 4 (deal) with extensive lecture recordings. However, a notable drop in performance is observed when the speed exceeds 2x. 【答案】1．has grown 2．into 3．concentration 4．dealing 【解析】这是一篇说明文，主要讲述了多年来学生需要学习和记忆的信息量在增加，尤其是疫情后的教育系统向将日常课程流媒体融入日常生活转变，还探讨了调整播放速度对注意力的影响。 1．考查动词时态。句意：多年来，正如各种研究声称的那样，学生需要学习和记忆的信息量在增加。根据时间状语“Over the years”可知，句子表示的是过去发生的动作对现在的影响，谓语动词应用现在完成时，其结构为“have/has + 过去分词”，主语“the volume of information”是单数，助动词用has，grow的过去分词是grown，故填has grown。 2．考查介词。句意：尤其是疫情后的教育系统，已经经历了一种向将日常课程流媒体融入我们日常生活的转变，提供了各种播放速度选项。根据空白处下文“our daily lives(我们日常生活)”可知，此处表示 “融入，纳入”，使用固定短语“include...into...”，故填into。 3．考查名词。句意：研究已经探索了调整播放速度是如何影响注意力的。空白处在句子中作宾语，使用名词，concentrate是动词，其名词形式是concentration，意为“注意力”，是不可数名词，故填concentration。 4．考查非谓语动词。句意：研究经常发现，在处理大量的课程录音时，将播放速度提高到1.5倍到2倍是有益的。 deal with动词和其逻辑主语之间是主动关系，用现在分词作状语。此处为when引导的时间状语从句中的省略，故填dealing。 17.（北京大学附属中学2024-2025学年高三下学期开学考英语试题) The concept of the law of reversed effort was defined by writer and philosopher Aldous Huxley. He explained the 1 (hard) we try with the conscious will to do something, the less we shall succeed. Effort 2   (become)a paradox (悖论). It is like swimming against the current in a river. We can swim upstream, using all our might 3 (fight) the rushing water and still not get close to where we need to be. Or we can let the current take us downstream and find a different spot to get out of the water. 【答案】1．harder 2．becomes 3．to fight 【解析】这是一篇说明文，主要介绍了作家兼哲学家奥尔德斯・赫胥黎定义的“反向努力法则”的概念，并通过在河中游泳的例子进行说明。 1．考查副词的比较级。句意：他解释说，我们越是有意识地努力去做某件事，我们成功的可能性就越小。根据下文“the less we shall succeed(我们成功的可能性就越小)”可知此处使用了“the + 比较级，the + 比较级”的结构，意为“越……，越……”，此处应填hard的比较级harder，故填harder。 2．考查动词时态。句意：努力变成了一个悖论。此处描述的是一个客观事实，应用一般现在时，主语Effort是单数，所以谓语动词become要用第三人称单数形式becomes，故填becomes。 3．考查非谓语动词。句意：我们可以逆流而上，竭尽全力与湍急的水流作斗争，但仍然无法靠近我们需要到达的地方。空白处在句子中作状语表示目的，使用动词不定式，故填to fight。 18.（北京师范大学第二附属中学2024-2025学年高三下学期统练3英语试题) Skye has realized that she is one of the lucky kids who 1 (identify) as a sufferer of dyslexia (阅读障碍) so far. She knows that educating teachers about dyslexia and giving students with the learning challenge the tools they need is a great first step in meeting dyslexia head on, and 2 (help) them be confident, capable students. “Right now they feel 3 (stick) — ashamed, unsure and insecure about their school work. If I could help stop these students feeling this way, that would mean the world to me.” 【答案】1．have been identified 2．helping 3．stuck 【解析】本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲述了Skye意识到自己是阅读障碍患者，并希望通过教育教师和提供工具来帮助有类似情况的学生建立自信。 1．考查时态和语态。句意：Skye意识到自己是迄今为止被认定为阅读障碍患者之一的幸运孩子之一。空格处是who引导的定语从句的谓语动词，who指代先行词the lucky kids，与“identify”之间是被动关系，且根据“so far”可知，动作发生在过去，对现在有影响，故用现在完成时被动语态。故填have been identified。 2．考查非谓语动词。句意：她知道教育教师了解阅读障碍，并为有学习挑战的学生提供他们所需的工具，是直面阅读障碍的重要第一步，并帮助他们成为自信、有能力的学生。作介词in的宾语，与meeting并列，用动名词helping作宾语。故填helping。 3．考查非谓语动词。句意：现在他们感到困顿——对自己的学业感到羞愧、不确定和不安全。they与stick为被动关系，此处feel为系动词，后接过去分词stuck作表语。故填stuck。 1 / 19 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $