语法填空-动词-词形转换-谓语动词VS非谓语动词专题讲义-2027届高考英语一轮复习

该高中英语高考复习讲义聚焦语法填空动词词形转换核心考点，围绕谓语动词与非谓语动词的区分、解题步骤及易混场景辨析构建知识体系，通过考点梳理、方法指导和真题训练，帮助学生突破时态语态、逻辑关系等难点，体现复习的系统性和针对性。 资料创新采用“核心判断法”和“去插入找主干”等策略，结合高考真题与名校模拟题分层练习，在误卡点分析和易混场景对比中培养学生语言能力和思维品质，能有效提升学生解题效率，为教师把控复习节奏提供清晰指导。

2027届高考英语一轮复习：语法填空-动词-词形转换-谓语动词VS非谓语动词专题讲义 一、知识讲解 （一）谓语动词与非谓语动词的区分 在语法填空中，判断空格应填谓语动词还是非谓语动词是最关键的第一步。核心判断方法如下： 核心判断：句子是否已有谓语动词？ 无谓语：空格所在句子没有谓语动词 → 空格填谓语动词（需考虑时态、语态、主谓一致） 有谓语：空格所在句子已有谓语动词 → 空格填非谓语动词（除非有连词等连接句子） 【对比示例】 例1：Zhang Xue, the founder of the company, positioned (position) himself as a central figure in the media coverage. 出处【浙江宁波市镇海中学2026届高三模拟预测】 误卡点：虽然在“逗号之后”常被当作非谓语动词的信号，但本句中无其他谓语动词，positioned充当句子谓语，描述过去发生的事情，用一般过去时。 例2：Two years later, a six-meter-tall pavilion, inspired (inspire) by The Peony Pavilion, was built (build) at the Firs Garden, just ten minutes’ walk from Shakespeare’s birthplace. 出处【2024年新高考II卷】 误卡点：一句两空、双逗号插入定语的结构，极易让考生混淆主次，错把第2空的谓语也当成非谓语，误填built；核心判断方法是“去插入、找主干”，主干 a six-meter-tall pavilion ________ at the Firs Garden 缺谓语，且表被动、过去时间，故为 was built。 （二）谓语动词解题步骤 当判断空格应填谓语动词后，按以下三步解题： 第一步 确定时态：根据时间标志词（如yesterday, since, already等）和上下文确定时态。 第二步 确定语态：判断主语与动词之间是主动关系还是被动关系（被动用be + done）。 第三步 确定主谓一致：根据主语的单复数确定谓语动词的形式。 例：Since 2023, Mengla county has introduced (introduce) several high-quality durian species. 【出处】2026届四川省成都市高中第一次诊断性检测 分析：第一步：Since 2023 → 现在完成时；第二步：Mengla county与introduce为主动关系；第三步：主语为单数 → has introduced。（谓语动词） 【过关检测】 1. Up to now, China ___________ (establish) a number of protected areas with mangroves. 【出处】2023年北京卷 【答案】has established 【解析】考查现在完成时和主谓一致。句意：到目前为止，中国已经建立了一些红树林保护区。由Up to now （到目前为止）可知，句子应用现在完成时，主语是China，助动词应用has，故填has established。 2. The dance, musical instruments, and even melodies (旋律) the show ___________ (present) all come from the murals (壁画). 【出处】2026届福建省福州市高三上学期第一次质量检测 【答案】presents 【解析】考查动词时态和主谓一致。句意：演出呈现的舞蹈、乐器乃至旋律，均源自壁画。此处为省略关系代词的定语从句中的谓语动词，结合主句的谓语动词 come 可知，此处描述演出的客观内容，用一般现在时；主语为关系代词指代的先行词 the show，为单数，所以谓语动词用 presents。故填 presents。 （三）非谓语动词解题步骤 当判断空格应填非谓语动词后，按以下四步解题： 第一步 确认非谓语：确认句子已有谓语动词，且空格与谓语之间无并列连词。 第二步 找逻辑主语：确定非谓语动词的逻辑主语（通常是句子主语或紧邻的名词）。 第三步 判断主动/被动：逻辑主语与动词为主动关系用doing/to do；被动关系用done。 第四步 判断时间关系：表目的/将来用 to do；表伴随/结果/主动进行用 doing；表被动/完成用 done；表被动进行用 being done。 例：Lantern displays add a magical touch to the night, bringing (bring) the community closer together. 【出处】安徽省皖江名校联考2025-2026学年高三上学期12月月考 分析：第一步：句中已有谓语add，无并列连词 → 填非谓语；第二步：逻辑主语为Lantern displays；第三步：主动关系；第四步：表结果 → bringing。（非谓语动词） 【过关检测】 1. From 2000 to 2019, there were 7,348 major natural disasters around the world, ___________ (result) in USD 2,970 billion in economic loss. 【出处】2021年北京卷 【答案】resulting 【解析】考查非谓语动词之现在分词。本句为there be句式，设空处应用非谓语动词作结果状语，前面句子内容与result in之间为主动关系，且表示合乎逻辑的结果，应用现在分词形式，故填resulting。句意：从2000年到2019年，全球共发生7348起重大自然灾害，造成经济损失29700亿美元。 2. Behind the simple style, however, is a serious message ___________ (intend) for everyone. 【出处】2023年全国甲卷 【答案】intended 【解析】考查过去分词。句意：然而，在简单的风格背后，是每个人想要传达的严肃信息。主句中已经有谓语动词is，因此在不是从句也没有连词的情况下，intend只能是非谓语动词，message和intend之间是被动关系, 故填intended。 （四）易混场景辨析 1. 句首非谓语 vs 谓语 句首不一定就是谓语动词。当句首是现在分词或过去分词时，它作状语，为非谓语动词。 例：Covering (cover) an area about three times the size of Yellowstone, the GPNP will be one of the largest protected areas. 【出处】2021年新高考I卷 分析：Covering虽然大写且在句首，但它是现在分词作状语（非谓语），句子谓语是will be。 2. 独立主格 vs 并列句（有无连词） 独立主格结构中，名词/代词+非谓语动词构成独立结构，没有连词连接。如果有and/but等连词，则为并列句，两处都是谓语。 例：He sat in the chair, his eyes closed. (独立主格：his eyes + closed，closed为非谓语) 分析：He sat in the chair and closed his eyes. (并列句：sat and closed，都是谓语) 3. 定语从句 vs 分词定语（有无关系词） 如果名词后有关系词（who/which/that等），从句中缺谓语 → 填谓语动词。如果没有关系词，名词后的动词作定语 → 填非谓语动词。 例：The book that ______ (write) by Lu Xun is still popular. (定语从句：that引导，填谓语was written) 分析：The book ______ (write) by Lu Xun is still popular. (分词定语：无关系词，填非谓语written) 4. 介词to vs 不定式to look forward to, devote...to, be used to, object to等中的to是介词，后接doing（动名词）。而want to, decide to, hope to等中的to是不定式符号，后接do（动词原形）。 例：I look forward to hearing from you. (to为介词，后接hearing) 分析：I want to hear from you. (to为不定式符号，后接hear) 5. 省 to 不定式（宾补） vs 谓语动词原形 使役动词（make/let/have）和感官动词（see/hear/watch等）后接省to不定式作宾补。但如果是句子谓语位置，则需填完整谓语形式。 例：The experiment made the students appreciate the value of teamwork. (made后接省to不定式appreciate，非谓语) 分析：The teacher made the students appreciate the value. (此处made为谓语动词，appreciate为省to不定式宾补) 二、巩固练习 （一）高考真题 1. It is also common for them ______ (hold) during traditional Chinese holidays such as the Spring Festival and the Mid-Autumn Festival, as well as other local festivals. 【出处】2026年新高考I卷 【答案】to be held 【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：它们也常常在传统节日期间举行，例如春节、中秋节以及其他地方性节日。固定句型“it is + adj. + for sb./sth. to do sth.”中不定式作真正主语，且hold(举行)与其逻辑主语“them(指代Daji)”之间为被动关系，故用不定式的被动式to be held。故填to be held。 2. Before ______ (head) home, they fill their shopping bags with fresh fruit and vegetables from local farmers, at prices significantly (cheap) than those found in supermarkets. 【出处】2026年新高考I卷 【答案】heading 【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：在回家之前，他们会把从当地农民那里买来的新鲜水果和蔬菜塞满购物袋，价格比超市里的便宜得多。介词“Before”后接动名词作宾语。故填heading。 3. He ______ (forget) to take his wallet when he went out that morning. 【出处】2026年北京卷 【答案】had forgotten 【解析】本题考查谓语动词。句意：那天早上他出门时忘了带钱包。分析句子可知，forget这一动作发生在"reached for his wallet and froze"之前，属于"过去的过去"，应用过去完成时。主语He为第三人称单数，故填had forgotten。此处为谓语动词，句中缺少谓语。 4. Universities ______ (design) along the three unities of French classical tragedy: time, action, and place. 【出处】2026年北京卷 【答案】are designed 【解析】本题考查谓语动词。句意：大学的设计遵循法国古典悲剧的三大要素：时间、行动与地点。分析句子可知，主语Universities与design之间为被动关系，且描述客观现状，用一般现在时的被动语态。主语为复数，be动词用are，故填are designed。此处为谓语动词，句中缺少谓语。 5. So far, the model ______ (produce) numerous well-known universities, but now the digitalization of society is posing a challenge to it. 【出处】2026年北京卷 【答案】has produced 【解析】本题考查谓语动词。句意：迄今为止，这一模式已催生了众多知名大学，但如今社会的数字化正对其构成挑战。根据时间状语So far可知，应用现在完成时。主语the model为单数，与produce为主动关系，助动词用has，故填has produced。此处为谓语动词，句中缺少谓语。 6. The concept ______ (be) certainly not new — men have been renting good suits for decades — but for female shoppers, it is just taking off. 【出处】2025年浙江卷1月 【答案】is 【解析】主句缺少谓语动词，主语The concept为单数，描述客观事实用一般现在时，故填is。 7. The three will spend about six months on the space station and ______ (conduct) scientific tests, install space debris protection equipment, and carry out payload experiments. 【出处】2024年全国甲卷 【答案】will conduct 【解析】本题考查谓语动词。句意：三人将在空间站上停留约六个月，进行科学实验、安装空间碎片防护设备并开展有效载荷实验。设空处与install、carry out等构成并列谓语，根据上文will spend可知应用一般将来时。故填will conduct。此处为谓语动词，作并列谓语。 8. People ______ (carry) on traditional festivals and customs here for hundreds of years up to now. 【出处】2024年全国甲卷 【答案】have carried 【解析】本题考查谓语动词。句意：几百年来，这里的传统节日和习俗一直延续至今。句中缺少谓语动词，根据时间状语for hundreds of years up to now可知应用现在完成时。主语People为复数，助动词用have，故填have carried。此处为谓语动词，句中缺少谓语。 9. However, though it’s nice to get a few cents off a pack of sausages, it would help even more if they could sometimes ______ (offer) in smaller packs. 【出处】2024年浙江卷1月 【答案】be offered 【解析】本题考查谓语动词。句意：然而，虽然一包香肠能便宜几美分是件好事，但如果有时能以小包装出售就更好了。分析句子可知，主语they（指sausages）与offer之间为被动关系，在情态动词could后动词应用原形，构成含情态动词的被动语态，故填be offered。此处为谓语动词，在if条件从句中作谓语。 10. Shanghai may be the ______ (recognize) home of the soup dumplings but food historians will actually point you to the neighboring canal town of Nanxiang as Xiao long Bao's birthplace. 【出处】2023年新高考I卷 【答案】recognized 【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：上海可能是公认的小笼包之乡，但美食历史学家会告诉你，邻近的运河小镇南翔才是小笼包的发源地。空格在名词home前面作定语，recognize与home是逻辑上动宾关系，需填过去分词recognized作定语，recognized“被公认的”也可以看作是形容词作定语，故填recognized。 11. No matter where I buy them, one steamer is rarely enough, yet two seems greedy, so I am always left ______ (want) more next time. 【出处】2023年新高考I卷 【答案】wanting 【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：无论我在哪里买，一蒸笼都不够，而两蒸笼又显得太贪心了，所以我总是想下次再买。分析句子可知，此处考查 leave sb. doing sth. 的被动结构 be left doing，表示“处于某种状态”，I 与 want 是主动关系，故填 wanting。 12. From Buddhist temples to museums, narrow hutong to royal palaces, it is home to more than 3,000 years of glorious history even down to its layout, with the city keeping its carefully ______ (build) system of ring roads. 【出处】2023年全国乙卷 【答案】built 【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：从佛教寺庙到博物馆，狭窄的胡同和皇家宫殿，它是3000多年辉煌历史的家园，即使是在它的布局上，这座城市也保持着精心建造的环城公路系统。这里为非谓语动词充当后置定语，表示"精心建造的……"，build和被修饰词"system of ring roads"之间为被动关系，用过去分词。故填built。 13. When ______ (see) from afar, the mangrove forests appear more splendid. 【出处】2023年北京卷 【答案】seen 【解析】本题考查非谓语动词。句意：从远处看，红树林显得更加壮观。句中已有谓语appear，设空处考查when引导的状语从句省略。从句主语the mangrove forests与see为被动关系，省略主语和be动词后用过去分词seen。故填seen。此处为非谓语动词，因为句中已有谓语。 14. Once upon a time, in the heart of Africa, there was a king who ______ (know) for his wisdom and courage. 【出处】2023年上海卷 【答案】was known 【解析】本题考查谓语动词。句意：从前，在非洲的中心，有一位以智慧和勇气著称的国王。设空处在who引导的定语从句中作谓语，主句用一般过去时，从句也用一般过去时。who指代king为单数，与know为被动关系（因……而出名），故填was known。此处为谓语动词。 15. They would remain ______ (seat) for hours, listening to his wise words and learning from his judgments. 【出处】2023年上海卷 【答案】seated 【解析】考查形容词。句意：他们会一坐就是几个小时，听着他睿智的话语，从他的判断中学习。分析句子结构可知，这里需要填入一个形容词或动词的故去分词作表语，“remain+过去分词”表示“某人或某事物仍保持某种状态”，而seated是 seat的过去分词转化而来的形容词，意为“坐着的”。故填seated。 16. In the Ming Dynasty, the center was the Forbidden City, ______ (surround) in concentric (同心的) circles by the Inner City and Outer City. 【出处】2023年浙江卷 【答案】surrounded 【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：在明朝，紫禁城是中心，由内城和外城围绕形成成同心圆。句中已有谓语动词was，故空格处为非谓语动词。逻辑主语the Forbidden City与surround之间是被动关系，需要使用过去分词作状语，将提示词surround变化成过去分词形式，故填surrounded。 17. When he saw a young child hanging from a sixth-floor apartment balcony (阳台), Henry ran one hundred metres, jumped over a 1.2-metre fence, and held out his arms to catch the ______ (fall) child. 【出处】2022年新高考II卷 【答案】falling 【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：当亨利看到一个小男孩挂在六楼公寓的阳台上时，他跑了100米，跳过了1.2米高的栅栏，伸出双臂去接要掉下来的孩子。句中的hold out为谓语动词，设空处应该使用非谓语动词。fall为动词，意为“掉落”，child和fall之间是主动关系，同时表示正在进行的含义。故应该使用现在分词作定语。故填falling。 18. He pushed a chair onto the balcony, and climbed up ______ (see) them. 【出处】2022年新高考II卷 【答案】to see 【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：过了一会儿，艾瑞克听到孩子们在外面玩耍的声音，醒了过来。他把一把椅子推到阳台上，爬上去看他们。句中的climb up为谓语动词，设空处应该使用谓语动词。根据句意，他要爬到阳台去看他们（外面玩闹的孩子们），故应该使用to do不定式作目的状语。故填to see。 19. A visually-challenged man from Beijing recently hiked (徒步) 40 days to Xi’an, as a first step ______ (journey) the Belt and Road route (路线) by foot. 【出处】2022年全国甲卷 【答案】to journey 【解析】考查动词不定式。句意：作为"一带一路"行程的第一步。在句子中step被序数词the first修饰，应使用不定式作后置定语。故填to journey。 20. Inspired by the Belt and Road Forum for International Cooperation ______ (hold) in Beijing, Cao decided to cover the route by hiking as a tribute (致敬) to the ancient Silk Road. 【出处】2022年全国甲卷 【答案】held 【解析】考查过去分词。句意：受到在北京举行的"一带一路"国际合作论坛的启发，曹决定徒步旅行。句子中已有谓语动词，可知此处应为非谓语动词。动词hold置于名词之后，作后置定语修饰名词International Cooperation，二者之间是逻辑上的被动关系，应使用过去分词，故填held。 21. An individual who establishes and expands their own company through innovative strategies ______ (know) as an entrepreneur. 【出处】2022年上海卷 【答案】is known 【解析】本题考查谓语动词。句意：通过创新策略建立和扩展自己公司的人被称为企业家。句中缺少谓语动词，描述一般事实用一般现在时。主语An individual为单数，与know为被动关系（被称为），故填is known。此处为谓语动词，句中缺少谓语。 （二）名校模拟 1. It ______ (declare) by UNESCO in 1999 in the hopes of supporting language diversity through poetic expression. 【出处】2024届湖南省长沙市长郡中学高三下学期模拟考试（二） 【答案】was declared 【解析】本题考查谓语动词。句意：联合国教科文组织于1999年宣布设立此日，希望通过诗意表达来支持语言多样性。句中缺少谓语动词，根据in 1999可知用一般过去时。主语It与declare为被动关系，故填was declared。此处为谓语动词，句中缺少谓语。 2. Yunnan shares an ecological environment similar to northern Thailand and Vietnam, ______ (give) it a natural edge in tropical fruit planting. 【出处】2026届四川省成都市高中第一次诊断性检测英语试题 【答案】giving 【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：云南的生态环境与泰国北部和越南相似，这使其在热带水果种植方面具有天然优势。此处give与上文句子构成主动关系，故用现在分词作状语，故填giving。 3. As a major consumer of durians (榴莲), China has long relied on imports from countries like Thailand and Vietnam ______ (meet) market demand. 【出处】2026届四川省成都市高中第一次诊断性检测英语试题 【答案】to meet 【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：作为榴莲的主要消费国，中国长期以来一直依赖从泰国和越南等国进口榴莲来满足市场需求。此处meet作目的状语，用不定式。故填to meet。 4. Under the theme of “Chinese language plus arts”, the series ______ (comprise) of two parts, the first part of which contains four episodes. 【出处】2024年河北省石家庄市部分名校高三联考 【答案】is comprised 【解析】本题考查谓语动词。句意：该系列以"中国语言加艺术"为主题，由两部分组成，第一部分包含四集。句中缺少谓语动词，描述客观事实用一般现在时。主语the series为单数，与comprise为被动关系（由……组成），be comprised of为固定搭配。故填is comprised。此处为谓语动词，句中缺少谓语。 5. Since the beginning of the league, slogans such as “match comes first, friendship fourteenth” ______ (become) popular online, highlighting the rivalry among the 13 cities in Jiangsu. 【出处】2026届湖北省楚天协作体高三上学期开学考试 【答案】have become 【解析】本题考查谓语动词。句意：联赛开赛以来，"比赛第一，友谊第十四"等口号在网上走红，凸显了江苏13个城市之间的竞争。句中缺少谓语动词，根据Since the beginning of the league可知应用现在完成时。主语slogans为复数，助动词用have，故填have become。此处为谓语动词，句中缺少谓语。 6. When British supermarkets ______ (encourage) to remove unhealthy snacks from the shelves, companies were quick to provide healthier treats. 【出处】2026届重庆市康德高考模拟调研卷高三上学期12月月考 【答案】were encouraged 【解析】本题考查谓语动词。句意：当英国超市被鼓励下架不健康零食时，各大企业迅速推出了更健康的零食产品。设空处在when引导的时间状语从句中作谓语，根据后文主句谓语were可知用一般过去时。主语British supermarkets与encourage为被动关系，且主语为复数，故填were encouraged。此处为谓语动词。 7. The butterfly pupa ______ (place) inside a small experimental space ecosystem developed by the university's team and then was carried into space. 【出处】2026届山西大学附属中学校高三下学期5月阶段检测 【答案】was placed 【解析】本题考查谓语动词。句意：蝴蝶蛹被放置在该大学团队开发的一个小型实验太空生态系统内，然后被带入太空。设空处作谓语，主语The butterfly pupa与place为被动关系。全文叙述过去发生的事情，用一般过去时的被动语态，主语为单数，故填was placed。此处为谓语动词，句中缺少谓语。 8. So far, similar “exam-free” initiatives ______ (launch) in a few other cities, though they are typically reserved for top-performing students. 【出处】2026届安徽省耀正优高三上学期12月月考 【答案】have been launched 【解析】本题考查谓语动词。句意：到目前为止，其他几个城市也推出了类似的"免考"举措，不过这些举措通常只针对优等生。句中缺少谓语动词，根据So far可知应用现在完成时。主语initiatives为复数，与launch为被动关系，故填have been launched。此处为谓语动词，句中缺少谓语。 9. On September 29, 2025, the event of "Passing on the Spirit of Model Workers" and the release ceremony of labor education courses ______ (hold) grandly at Shanghai No.4 High School. 【出处】2026届河南省郑州市高中毕业年级第一次质量预测 【答案】were held 【解析】本题考查谓语动词。句意：2025年9月29日，"传承劳模工匠精神"活动暨劳动教育课程发布仪式在上海第四中学隆重举行。句中缺少谓语动词，根据时间状语On September 29, 2025可知用一般过去时。主语the event and the release ceremony为复数概念，与hold为被动关系，故填were held。此处为谓语动词。 10. He then learned Swedish business rules, ______ (hire) a good noodle chef, and opened Sweden's first Lanzhou noodle shop. 【出处】2026届浙江省名校协作体高三上学期一模 【答案】hired 【解析】本题考查谓语动词。句意：然后他学习了瑞典的商业规则，雇了一个好厨师，开了瑞典第一家兰州面馆。根据learned...and opened可知，此句是三个并列谓语，应统一用一般过去时。设空处与learned和opened由and连接，作并列谓语。故填hired。此处为谓语动词。 11. With a global boom in onshore and offshore wind farming, turbine waste ______ (expect) to grow rapidly in the coming decades. 【出处】2026届浙江省嘉兴市高三上学期一模 【答案】is expected 【解析】本题考查谓语动词。句意：随着全球陆上和海上风电产业的蓬勃发展，未来几十年涡轮机废弃物预计将快速增长。句中缺少谓语动词，描述客观预测用一般现在时。主语turbine waste与expect为被动关系，waste为不可数名词，故填is expected。此处为谓语动词，句中缺少谓语。 12. So far, the response to Nestle ______ (be) positive, and the company is now in early-stage preparations. 【出处】2026届浙江省嘉兴市高三上学期一模 【答案】has been 【解析】本题考查谓语动词。句意：到目前为止，人们对Nestle的反响一直很积极，该公司目前正处于早期筹备阶段。句中缺少谓语动词，根据So far可知应用现在完成时。主语the response为单数，故填has been。此处为谓语动词，句中缺少谓语。 13. Since the 1980s, authorities in Dunhuang ______ (begin) international cooperation in the protection of cultural relics. 【出处】2026届福建省福州市高三上学期第一次质量检测 【答案】have begun 【解析】本题考查谓语动词。句意：自20世纪80年代以来，敦煌有关部门就开始了文物保护方面的国际合作。句中缺少谓语动词，根据Since the 1980s可知应用现在完成时。主语authorities为复数，助动词用have，故填have begun。此处为谓语动词，句中缺少谓语。 14. Profound changes ______ (take) place in South African farmland since 2024, thanks to the BeiDou Navigation Satellite System. 【出处】2026届山东烟台市5月高考适应性测试 【答案】have taken 【解析】本题考查谓语动词。句意：自2024年以来，南非的农田发生了巨大的变化，这要归功于北斗导航卫星系统。句中缺少谓语动词，根据since 2024可知应用现在完成时。主语changes为复数，助动词用have，take place为固定搭配（发生），故填have taken。此处为谓语动词。 15. Each participating school has chosen two classes of no more than 45 students each, ______ (select) through volunteer sign-ups, as “integrated education” classes. 【出处】2026届安徽省安徽省耀正优高三上学期12月月考 【答案】selected 【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：每所参与学校都选择了两个每班不超过 45 人的班级，通过自愿报名选出，作为 “一体化教育” 班级。句子已有谓语 has chosen，此空应是非谓语形式。select 与 students 是动宾关系，应用过去分词 selected。故填 selected。 16. Last year when I was in China, breakfast ______ (mean) the same lively sounds every morning. 【出处】山西省太原市2025-2026学年高三上学期11月期中考试 【答案】meant 【解析】本题考查谓语动词。句意：去年我在中国的时候，每天早晨的早餐总是伴随着同样的欢快声。句中缺少谓语动词，根据时间状语Last year可知用一般过去时。主语breakfast为单数，故填meant。此处为谓语动词，句中缺少谓语。 17. The sharp increase in tourist numbers is largely because China ______ (loosen) its entry requirements recently. 【出处】江苏省南京市2025-2026学年高三上学期12月期中 【答案】has loosened 【解析】本题考查谓语动词。句意：游客数量的激增主要源于中国近期放宽了入境要求。设空处在because引导的原因状语从句中作谓语，结合recently可知应用现在完成时。主语China为单数，助动词用has，故填has loosened。此处为谓语动词。 18. So far, as a national-level inheritor, she ______ (spend) her entire life singing, teaching, and preserving the music that defines the identity of her ethnic group. 【出处】重庆市南开中学校2025-2026学年高三上学期12月月考 【答案】has spent 【解析】本题考查谓语动词。句意：到目前为止，作为一名国家级传承人，她一生都在唱歌、教学和保护定义她民族身份的音乐。句中缺少谓语动词，根据So far可知应用现在完成时。主语she为单数，助动词用has，故填has spent。此处为谓语动词，句中缺少谓语。 19. It ______ (become) a beloved platform for amateur players to showcase their skills and for local residents to embrace the joy of sports to date. 【出处】浙江省杭州学军中学2025-2026学年高三上学期首考适应性考试 【答案】has become 【解析】本题考查谓语动词。句意：迄今为止，它已成为业余选手展示技能、当地居民享受运动乐趣的热门平台。句中缺少谓语动词，根据to date可知应用现在完成时。主语It为单数，助动词用has，故填has become。此处为谓语动词，句中缺少谓语。 20. The buildings are all covered with golden roofs with red columns and high walls beneath, ______ (symbolize) the noble status of the royal family. 【出处】2026届安徽省宿州市示范高中皖北协作区联考高三一模 【答案】symbolizing 【解析】本题考查非谓语动词。句意：这些建筑都覆盖着金色的屋顶，下面有红色的柱子和高墙，象征着皇室的高贵地位。句中已有谓语are covered，设空处用非谓语动词作伴随状语。symbolize与主语The buildings之间为主动关系，用现在分词symbolizing。故填symbolizing。此处为非谓语动词，因为句中已有谓语。 21. There are concerns that it could one day take over many jobs currently ______ (do) by humans. 【出处】2026届上海金山区高三统考二模 【答案】being done 【解析】本题考查非谓语动词。句意：有人担心，有一天它可能会取代目前由人类完成的许多工作。句中已有谓语could take over，设空处用非谓语动词作后置定语修饰jobs。jobs与do之间为被动关系，且currently暗示正在进行，用being done表示"正在被做"。故填being done。此处为非谓语动词，因为句中已有谓语。 22. Handmade Xuan paper from Jingxian county ______ (list) as a tribute to the imperial court for its supreme quality during the period. 【出处】2026届江苏省徐州市高三上学期11月期中 【答案】was listed 【解析】本题考查谓语动词。句意：这一时期，来自泾县的手工宣纸因其卓越品质而被列为朝廷贡品。句中缺少谓语动词，根据时间状语during the period可知描述过去的事情，用一般过去时。主语Handmade Xuan paper与list为被动关系（被列为），故填was listed。此处为谓语动词，句中缺少谓语。 23. Zhang Xue, the founder of the company, ______ (position) as a central figure in the ensuing media coverage and consumer discussions. 【出处】浙江宁波市镇海中学2026届高三模拟预测 【答案】was positioned 【解析】考查动词时态语态和主谓一致。句意：公司创始人张雪在随之而来的媒体报道和消费者讨论中被置于核心位置。此空是句子的谓语，根据前句谓语 “experienced” 以及后句谓语 “was” 可知，叙述过去发生的事情，时态应用一般过去时；position 与单数主语 Zhang Xue 是动宾关系，应用被动语态。此空是一般过去时的被动语态 was positioned。故填was positioned。 24. At the Autodromo Internacional do Algarve, French rider Valentin Debise, racing for ZXMOTO Factory Evan Bros Racing, ______ (power) his ZXMOTO 820RR-RS to kick off his race schedule. 【出处】浙江宁波市镇海中学2026届高三模拟预测 【答案】powered 【解析】考查动词时态。句意：在阿尔加维国际赛道，为 ZXMOTO 工厂伊凡兄弟车队效力的法国车手瓦伦丁・德比斯驾驶他的 ZXMOTO 820RR-RS 赛车开启了赛程。此空是句子的谓语，根据本段下文 “returned”、 “completed” 以及 “highlighted” 可知，此处叙述过去发生的事情，应用一般过去时 powered，意为 “(使) 迅猛移动，快速前进”。故填powered。 25. The rapidly graying population ______ (eye) by the government as a potential market for medical technology now. 【出处】2024年上海市静安区高三一模 【答案】is being eyed 【解析】本题考查谓语动词。句意：迅速老龄化的人口正被政府视为医疗技术的潜在市场。句中缺少谓语动词，根据now可知用现在进行时。由by可知为被动语态，主语population为单数，故填is being eyed。此处为谓语动词，句中缺少谓语。 26. The oilcloth umbrella in Jing County is one of China’s traditional arts. Jing County craftsmen ______ (make) oilcloth umbrellas for about a thousand years. 【出处】2024年安徽省京师联盟高三三模 【答案】have been making 【解析】本题考查谓语动词。句意：泾县的工匠制作油布伞已有约一千年的历史。句中缺少谓语动词，根据for about a thousand years可知应用现在完成进行时，表示动作从过去持续到现在。主语craftsmen为复数，故填have been making（也可填have made）。此处为谓语动词，句中缺少谓语。 27. Shadow theater started to enjoy broad popularity as early as the Song Dynasty, when holidays ______ (mark) by the presentation of many shadow plays based on folk stories. 【出处】2024年山东省济宁市曲阜市第一中学高三期中 【答案】were marked 【解析】本题考查谓语动词。句意：早在宋朝，皮影戏就开始广泛流行，当时的节日以表演许多根据民间故事改编的皮影戏为标志。设空处在when引导的定语从句中作谓语，根据主句started可知用一般过去时。主语holidays为复数，与mark为被动关系，故填were marked。此处为谓语动词。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 2027届高考英语一轮复习：语法填空-动词-词形转换-谓语动词VS非谓语动词专题讲义 一、知识讲解 （一）谓语动词与非谓语动词的区分 在语法填空中，判断空格应填谓语动词还是非谓语动词是最关键的第一步。核心判断方法如下： 核心判断：句子是否已有谓语动词？ 无谓语：空格所在句子没有谓语动词 → 空格填谓语动词（需考虑时态、语态、主谓一致） 有谓语：空格所在句子已有谓语动词 → 空格填非谓语动词（除非有连词等连接句子） 【对比示例】 例1：Zhang Xue, the founder of the company, positioned (position) himself as a central figure in the media coverage. 出处【浙江宁波市镇海中学2026届高三模拟预测】 误卡点：虽然在“逗号之后”常被当作非谓语动词的信号，但本句中无其他谓语动词，positioned充当句子谓语，描述过去发生的事情，用一般过去时。 例2：Two years later, a six-meter-tall pavilion, inspired (inspire) by The Peony Pavilion, was built (build) at the Firs Garden, just ten minutes’ walk from Shakespeare’s birthplace. 出处【2024年新高考II卷】 误卡点：一句两空、双逗号插入定语的结构，极易让考生混淆主次，错把第2空的谓语也当成非谓语，误填built；核心判断方法是“去插入、找主干”，主干 a six-meter-tall pavilion ________ at the Firs Garden 缺谓语，且表被动、过去时间，故为 was built。 （二）谓语动词解题步骤 当判断空格应填谓语动词后，按以下三步解题： 第一步 确定时态：根据时间标志词（如yesterday, since, already等）和上下文确定时态。 第二步 确定语态：判断主语与动词之间是主动关系还是被动关系（被动用be + done）。 第三步 确定主谓一致：根据主语的单复数确定谓语动词的形式。 例：Since 2023, Mengla county has introduced (introduce) several high-quality durian species. 【出处】2026届四川省成都市高中第一次诊断性检测 分析：第一步：Since 2023 → 现在完成时；第二步：Mengla county与introduce为主动关系；第三步：主语为单数 → has introduced。（谓语动词） 【过关检测】 1. Up to now, China ___________ (establish) a number of protected areas with mangroves. 【出处】2023年北京卷 2. The dance, musical instruments, and even melodies (旋律) the show ___________ (present) all come from the murals (壁画). 【出处】2026届福建省福州市高三上学期第一次质量检测 （三）非谓语动词解题步骤 当判断空格应填非谓语动词后，按以下四步解题： 第一步 确认非谓语：确认句子已有谓语动词，且空格与谓语之间无并列连词。 第二步 找逻辑主语：确定非谓语动词的逻辑主语（通常是句子主语或紧邻的名词）。 第三步 判断主动/被动：逻辑主语与动词为主动关系用doing/to do；被动关系用done。 第四步 判断时间关系：表目的/将来用 to do；表伴随/结果/主动进行用 doing；表被动/完成用 done；表被动进行用 being done。 例：Lantern displays add a magical touch to the night, bringing (bring) the community closer together. 【出处】安徽省皖江名校联考2025-2026学年高三上学期12月月考 分析：第一步：句中已有谓语add，无并列连词 → 填非谓语；第二步：逻辑主语为Lantern displays；第三步：主动关系；第四步：表结果 → bringing。（非谓语动词） 【过关检测】 1. From 2000 to 2019, there were 7,348 major natural disasters around the world, ___________ (result) in USD 2,970 billion in economic loss. 【出处】2021年北京卷 2. Behind the simple style, however, is a serious message ___________ (intend) for everyone. 【出处】2023年全国甲卷 （四）易混场景辨析 1. 句首非谓语 vs 谓语 句首不一定就是谓语动词。当句首是现在分词或过去分词时，它作状语，为非谓语动词。 例：Covering (cover) an area about three times the size of Yellowstone, the GPNP will be one of the largest protected areas. 【出处】2021年新高考I卷 分析：Covering虽然大写且在句首，但它是现在分词作状语（非谓语），句子谓语是will be。 2. 独立主格 vs 并列句（有无连词） 独立主格结构中，名词/代词+非谓语动词构成独立结构，没有连词连接。如果有and/but等连词，则为并列句，两处都是谓语。 例：He sat in the chair, his eyes closed. (独立主格：his eyes + closed，closed为非谓语) 分析：He sat in the chair and closed his eyes. (并列句：sat and closed，都是谓语) 3. 定语从句 vs 分词定语（有无关系词） 如果名词后有关系词（who/which/that等），从句中缺谓语 → 填谓语动词。如果没有关系词，名词后的动词作定语 → 填非谓语动词。 例：The book that ______ (write) by Lu Xun is still popular. (定语从句：that引导，填谓语was written) 分析：The book ______ (write) by Lu Xun is still popular. (分词定语：无关系词，填非谓语written) 4. 介词to vs 不定式to look forward to, devote...to, be used to, object to等中的to是介词，后接doing（动名词）。而want to, decide to, hope to等中的to是不定式符号，后接do（动词原形）。 例：I look forward to hearing from you. (to为介词，后接hearing) 分析：I want to hear from you. (to为不定式符号，后接hear) 5. 省 to 不定式（宾补） vs 谓语动词原形 使役动词（make/let/have）和感官动词（see/hear/watch等）后接省to不定式作宾补。但如果是句子谓语位置，则需填完整谓语形式。 例：The experiment made the students appreciate the value of teamwork. (made后接省to不定式appreciate，非谓语) 分析：The teacher made the students appreciate the value. (此处made为谓语动词，appreciate为省to不定式宾补) 二、巩固练习 （一）高考真题 1. It is also common for them ______ (hold) during traditional Chinese holidays such as the Spring Festival and the Mid-Autumn Festival, as well as other local festivals. 【出处】2026年新高考I卷 2. Before ______ (head) home, they fill their shopping bags with fresh fruit and vegetables from local farmers, at prices significantly (cheap) than those found in supermarkets. 【出处】2026年新高考I卷 3. He ______ (forget) to take his wallet when he went out that morning. 【出处】2026年北京卷 4. Universities ______ (design) along the three unities of French classical tragedy: time, action, and place. 【出处】2026年北京卷 5. So far, the model ______ (produce) numerous well-known universities, but now the digitalization of society is posing a challenge to it. 【出处】2026年北京卷 6. The concept ______ (be) certainly not new — men have been renting good suits for decades — but for female shoppers, it is just taking off. 【出处】2025年浙江卷1月 7. The three will spend about six months on the space station and ______ (conduct) scientific tests, install space debris protection equipment, and carry out payload experiments. 【出处】2024年全国甲卷 8. People ______ (carry) on traditional festivals and customs here for hundreds of years up to now. 【出处】2024年全国甲卷 9. However, though it’s nice to get a few cents off a pack of sausages, it would help even more if they could sometimes ______ (offer) in smaller packs. 【出处】2024年浙江卷1月 10. Shanghai may be the ______ (recognize) home of the soup dumplings but food historians will actually point you to the neighboring canal town of Nanxiang as Xiao long Bao's birthplace. 【出处】2023年新高考I卷 11. No matter where I buy them, one steamer is rarely enough, yet two seems greedy, so I am always left ______ (want) more next time. 【出处】2023年新高考I卷 12. From Buddhist temples to museums, narrow hutong to royal palaces, it is home to more than 3,000 years of glorious history even down to its layout, with the city keeping its carefully ______ (build) system of ring roads. 【出处】2023年全国乙卷 13. When ______ (see) from afar, the mangrove forests appear more splendid. 【出处】2023年北京卷 14. Once upon a time, in the heart of Africa, there was a king who ______ (know) for his wisdom and courage. 【出处】2023年上海卷 15. They would remain ______ (seat) for hours, listening to his wise words and learning from his judgments. 【出处】2023年上海卷 16. In the Ming Dynasty, the center was the Forbidden City, ______ (surround) in concentric (同心的) circles by the Inner City and Outer City. 【出处】2023年浙江卷 17. When he saw a young child hanging from a sixth-floor apartment balcony (阳台), Henry ran one hundred metres, jumped over a 1.2-metre fence, and held out his arms to catch the ______ (fall) child. 【出处】2022年新高考II卷 18. He pushed a chair onto the balcony, and climbed up ______ (see) them. 【出处】2022年新高考II卷 19. A visually-challenged man from Beijing recently hiked (徒步) 40 days to Xi’an, as a first step ______ (journey) the Belt and Road route (路线) by foot. 【出处】2022年全国甲卷 20. Inspired by the Belt and Road Forum for International Cooperation ______ (hold) in Beijing, Cao decided to cover the route by hiking as a tribute (致敬) to the ancient Silk Road. 【出处】2022年全国甲卷 21. An individual who establishes and expands their own company through innovative strategies ______ (know) as an entrepreneur. 【出处】2022年上海卷 （二）名校模拟 1. It ______ (declare) by UNESCO in 1999 in the hopes of supporting language diversity through poetic expression. 【出处】2024届湖南省长沙市长郡中学高三下学期模拟考试（二） 2. Yunnan shares an ecological environment similar to northern Thailand and Vietnam, ______ (give) it a natural edge in tropical fruit planting. 【出处】2026届四川省成都市高中第一次诊断性检测英语试题 3. As a major consumer of durians (榴莲), China has long relied on imports from countries like Thailand and Vietnam ______ (meet) market demand. 【出处】2026届四川省成都市高中第一次诊断性检测英语试题 4. Under the theme of “Chinese language plus arts”, the series ______ (comprise) of two parts, the first part of which contains four episodes. 【出处】2024年河北省石家庄市部分名校高三联考 5. Since the beginning of the league, slogans such as “match comes first, friendship fourteenth” ______ (become) popular online, highlighting the rivalry among the 13 cities in Jiangsu. 【出处】2026届湖北省楚天协作体高三上学期开学考试 6. When British supermarkets ______ (encourage) to remove unhealthy snacks from the shelves, companies were quick to provide healthier treats. 【出处】2026届重庆市康德高考模拟调研卷高三上学期12月月考 7. The butterfly pupa ______ (place) inside a small experimental space ecosystem developed by the university's team and then was carried into space. 【出处】2026届山西大学附属中学校高三下学期5月阶段检测 8. So far, similar “exam-free” initiatives ______ (launch) in a few other cities, though they are typically reserved for top-performing students. 【出处】2026届安徽省耀正优高三上学期12月月考 9. On September 29, 2025, the event of "Passing on the Spirit of Model Workers" and the release ceremony of labor education courses ______ (hold) grandly at Shanghai No.4 High School. 【出处】2026届河南省郑州市高中毕业年级第一次质量预测 10. He then learned Swedish business rules, ______ (hire) a good noodle chef, and opened Sweden's first Lanzhou noodle shop. 【出处】2026届浙江省名校协作体高三上学期一模 11. With a global boom in onshore and offshore wind farming, turbine waste ______ (expect) to grow rapidly in the coming decades. 【出处】2026届浙江省嘉兴市高三上学期一模 12. So far, the response to Nestle ______ (be) positive, and the company is now in early-stage preparations. 【出处】2026届浙江省嘉兴市高三上学期一模 13. Since the 1980s, authorities in Dunhuang ______ (begin) international cooperation in the protection of cultural relics. 【出处】2026届福建省福州市高三上学期第一次质量检测 14. Profound changes ______ (take) place in South African farmland since 2024, thanks to the BeiDou Navigation Satellite System. 【出处】2026届山东烟台市5月高考适应性测试 15. Each participating school has chosen two classes of no more than 45 students each, ______ (select) through volunteer sign-ups, as “integrated education” classes. 【出处】2026届安徽省安徽省耀正优高三上学期12月月考 16. Last year when I was in China, breakfast ______ (mean) the same lively sounds every morning. 【出处】山西省太原市2025-2026学年高三上学期11月期中考试 17. The sharp increase in tourist numbers is largely because China ______ (loosen) its entry requirements recently. 【出处】江苏省南京市2025-2026学年高三上学期12月期中 18. So far, as a national-level inheritor, she ______ (spend) her entire life singing, teaching, and preserving the music that defines the identity of her ethnic group. 【出处】重庆市南开中学校2025-2026学年高三上学期12月月考 19. It ______ (become) a beloved platform for amateur players to showcase their skills and for local residents to embrace the joy of sports to date. 【出处】浙江省杭州学军中学2025-2026学年高三上学期首考适应性考试 20. The buildings are all covered with golden roofs with red columns and high walls beneath, ______ (symbolize) the noble status of the royal family. 【出处】2026届安徽省宿州市示范高中皖北协作区联考高三一模 21. There are concerns that it could one day take over many jobs currently ______ (do) by humans. 【出处】2026届上海金山区高三统考二模 22. Handmade Xuan paper from Jingxian county ______ (list) as a tribute to the imperial court for its supreme quality during the period. 【出处】2026届江苏省徐州市高三上学期11月期中 23. Zhang Xue, the founder of the company, ______ (position) as a central figure in the ensuing media coverage and consumer discussions. 【出处】浙江宁波市镇海中学2026届高三模拟预测 24. At the Autodromo Internacional do Algarve, French rider Valentin Debise, racing for ZXMOTO Factory Evan Bros Racing, ______ (power) his ZXMOTO 820RR-RS to kick off his race schedule. 【出处】浙江宁波市镇海中学2026届高三模拟预测 25. The rapidly graying population ______ (eye) by the government as a potential market for medical technology now. 【出处】2024年上海市静安区高三一模 26. The oilcloth umbrella in Jing County is one of China’s traditional arts. Jing County craftsmen ______ (make) oilcloth umbrellas for about a thousand years. 【出处】2024年安徽省京师联盟高三三模 27. Shadow theater started to enjoy broad popularity as early as the Song Dynasty, when holidays ______ (mark) by the presentation of many shadow plays based on folk stories. 【出处】2024年山东省济宁市曲阜市第一中学高三期中 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $