Unit 2 Helping at home（易错题专项训练·语法提升）英语外研版三起四年级上册（新教材）

**基本信息** 聚焦情态动词can/may及need to用法，通过“用法总结-易错点提示-分层训练”体系，系统提升语法应用能力与解题准确性。 **专项设计** |模块|题量/典例|方法提炼|知识逻辑| |----|-----------|----------|----------| |情态动词can/may|含3类小练笔（选择/句型转换等）|总结“三特点四用法三句型”，提炼“动词原形/人称无变化/否定结构”易错点|从基础特征到用法辨析，再到句型转换，形成“概念-应用-纠错”逻辑链| |need to用法|含2类小练笔（单选/填空）|归纳“实义动词变化规则”，明确“to不可漏/三单加s”核心技巧|以“句型结构-人称变化-否定疑问”为线索，构建语法规则认知框架| |综合训练|8类题型（单选/阅读等）|整合两类语法点，通过“新考法思维导图”强化综合应用|从单一知识点到跨知识点融合，提升语言运用与思维迁移能力|

Unit 2 Helping at home 专题02 语法提升·易错题专项训练 · 内容导航 · 情态动词can和may用法总结 need to的用法 高频易错点、易错点提示、小练笔、答题点拨 易错精讲 情态动词can和may用法总结高频易错点01 一、情态动词的特点： ❶can 和 may 后面接动词原形； ❷没有人称和数的变化； ❸否定形式：can/may+not+动词原形。 二、常见情态动词的用法： can (1) 能够，会（表能力）； (2) 可以（表请求、允许，此时与 may 意思相近，语气更委婉客气）； (3) 可能（表可能性，用于客观的推测）。例：Can it be him? 会是他吗？ may (1) 可以（表示请求、许可）； (2) 可能（表示可能性，表示不太有把握的推测）。例：He may be late. 他可能会迟到。 三、含情态动词 can 与 may 的句型结构： ❶一般疑问句：Can/May + 主语 + 动词原形 (+ 其他)? ❷肯定回答：Yes, 主语 + can./Yes, 主语 + may./Sure./OK./Yes, please. ❸否定回答：No, 主语 + can't./No, 主语 + may not./No, 主语 + can't.(大多口语上用) 例句：—Can you sing? 你会唱歌吗？ —Yes, I can./—No, I can't. 是的，我会。/不，我不会。 —May I go out? 我能出去吗？ —Yes, you may./OK.是的，你可以。/可以。 —No, you can't./ No, you mustn't. 不，你不能。 易错点提示 ①忘记后接动词原形 I can swimming. I can swim. 规则：can/may 后面必须加动词原形，不能加 to do、doing、过去式。 ②给 can/may 加人称变化 He cans run fast. He can run fast. 规则： 情态动词无人称、单复数变化，不管主语是谁，永远用原形 can/may。 ③否定结构写错 I not can sing. / I may not to go. I can not (can’t) sing. / I may not go. 规则：否定直接在 can/may 后加 not，再加动词原形。 小练笔 一、从括号选择合适的内容，补全句子。 1. —Can you help ______ (he/him) read? —______ (Yes/No). I like reading. 2. —May I ______ (play/to play) football? 3. —May I help ______ (sweep/sweeping) the floor? —No, thanks. But you can ______ (water/watering) the flowers. 4. —Can ______ (you/I) feed the cats with Lisa? —Yes. Thank you. I’m very busy now. 二、单项选择。 ( ) 1. —May I help you make your bed? —______ I can do it myself. It’s easy. A. Yes. B. OK! C. No, thanks. ( ) 2. —______ —Sure. That’s very kind of you. A. Can I help pick the apples? B. Can you help me? I’m lost (迷路). C. Can you pick the apples for me? ( ) 3. —Can you help me water the grass? —______ I’m doing my homework. A. Yes. I can do it now. B. Thank you very much. You are very kind. C. I’m sorry. I can’t. 三、句型转换。 1. He can jump high. (1) 变为否定句：________________________ (2) 变为一般疑问句：________________________ (3) 肯定回答：________________________ (4) 否定回答：________________________ 2. You may go out now. (1) 变为一般疑问句：________________________ (2) 肯定回答：________________________ (3) 否定回答：________________________ need to的用法高频易错点02 need to do sth.表示 “需要做某事”，其中 need 是实义动词，有人称、数和时态的变化。 1. 核心句型：主语 + need to + 动词原形 例句：I need to clean the room. 我需要打扫房间。 例句：You need to help mum. 你需要帮助妈妈。 例句：He needs to water the flowers. 他需要浇花。 2. 人称变化规则 need 是实义动词，主语不同形式不一样： 主语是 I /you/we /they（复数、你、我）→ 用原形 need 例句：I need to sweep the floor. 我需要扫地。 主语是 he /she/it（第三人称单数）→ 变 needs 例句：She needs to make the bed. 她需要铺床。 3. 否定句：主语 + don’t/doesn’t + need to + 动词原形 例句：I don’t need to wash clothes. 我不用洗衣服。 例句：He doesn’t need to cook. 他不用做饭。 4. 一般疑问句：Do/Does + 主语 + need to + 动词原形？ 例句：—Do you need to help at home? 你需要在家帮忙吗？ —Yes, I do. / No, I don’t. 易错点提示 易错一：漏掉 to，记住 need 后加动作必须加 to，再接动词原形。 I need clean the window. I need to clean the window. · · 易错二：第三人称单数（he/she/ 人名）忘记给 need 加 s。 She need to tidy her desk. She needs to tidy her desk. · 小练笔 一、单项选择。 ( ) 1．Mike ______ need to water the flowers. A．don’t B．doesn’t C．isn’t ( ) 2．She ______ make her bed every day. A．need to B．needs to C．needs ( ) 3．—______ you need to go home now? —Yes, I do. A．Do B．Does C．Are ( ) 4．He ______ clean his room today. A．need to B．needs to C．needs ( ) 5．They don’t need ______ collect the eggs. A．/ B．to C．do 二、选用方框内短语填空。 need to       needs to 1．We clean the classroom. 2．My sister read books every evening. 3．I finish my homework before watching TV. 4．She feed the sheep before doing homework.. 5．The cat eat some food now. 综合训练 一、单项选择。 ( ) 1．She is a ______ girl. She often helps others. A．helper B．helpful C．helps ( ) 2．I need ______ clean the floor. A．to B．for C．too ( ) 3．—______ —Yes. But you should finish your homework first. A．Can you go outside? B．Can I do my homework? C．May I go outside? ( ) 4．—What chores can you do? —I can ______. A．Wash B．washes C．wash ( ) 5．Can you help me ______ the pigs? A．feeding B．feeds C．feed ( ) 6．—May I go out ______ play? —Yes! A．at B．to C．too ( ) 7．—Can you take ______ the rubbish? —Sorry, I can’t. A．to B．with C．out ( ) 8．—Can you ______ the cows? —No, I can’t. A．milks B．milking C．milk ( ) 9．I need ______ the desk and the wall. A．cleaning B．cleans C．to clean ( ) 10．I can ______ football and volleyball. A．playing B．plays C．play 二、选词填空。(can / may / need to / needs to / must) 1．It rain this afternoon. Take an umbrella. 2．— I use your pencil? —Sure. 3．My little sister draw nice pictures. 4． you help me, please? 5．We follow the school rules. 6．My mother clean the room every morning. 7．I finish my homework first. 8．You listen carefully in class. 9．The bird find some food. 三、用所给单词的适当形式填空。 1．She can help (he). 2．Can you help me (clean) the floor? 3．Mike is a good (help). 4．Yuanyuan is helpful. She can (feed) the pigs. 5．I can help my mum wash the (dish). 四、连词成句。 1．can, cut, I, grass, the (.) _____________________________________________ 2．the, floor, Can, you, help, me, clean (?) _____________________________________________ 3．I,  play,  outside,  may (?) _____________________________________________ 4．room, I, to, need, tidy, my (.) _____________________________________________ 5．doing, loves, Sam, chores (.) _____________________________________________ 五、句型转换。 1．They need to help others. (改为否定句) They ______ ______ ______ help others. 2．She needs to wash clothes. (改为一般疑问句，并作肯定回答) —______ she ______ ______ wash clothes? —Yes, ______ ______. 3．I need to sweep the floor. (改为否定句) I ______ ______ ______ sweep the floor. 4．We can play football. (改为一般疑问句，并作否定回答) —______ ______ play football? —______, ______ ______. 5．He can wash the dishes. (改为否定句) He ______ ______ the dishes. 六、典典想邀请朋友们和他一起踢足球。选择合适的选项补全对话。 A．That’s great! B．Do you do chores at home, Diandian? C．How about you, Longlong? D．I help my mum wash the clothes. E．Can we play football together? Diandian: Hi, Congcong. Are you free after school? 1. Congcong: Sorry, I can’t play with you today. My mother is tired after work. I need to help her at home. 2. Diandian: 3. Can you play with me? Longlong: Sorry, I can’t. I clean my room today. 4. Diandian: Yes. I help my dad feed the cat. Can we play football together this Friday? Congcong & Longlong: Sure. Diandian: 5. 七、阅读短文，判断下列句子正(T)误(F)。 Hi! I’m Mike. My father goes to Shanghai. My grandpa is ill. My brother is very young. I must help. On Sunday I help Mum cook breakfast. After breakfast, I wash the dishes. I sweep the floor. I do my homework and take care of my grandpa. I feed the cat. I am busy and tired. But I am happy. ( ) 1．Mike’s father goes to Beijing. ( ) 2．Mike’s mother is ill. ( ) 3．Mike cooks breakfast on Monday. ( ) 4．Mike takes care of his grandma. ( ) 5．Mike is busy and tired but very happy. 八、【新考法·思维导图】阅读短文，完成思维导图。 Today is Saturday. It’s sunny. I go to the farm with my family. We see many beautiful flowers. We water the flowers and vegetables. Then we plant lots of apple trees. We are tired and hungry (饥饿的). So we have a picnic on the farm. We eat some bread and fruit. We drink some juice. After the picnic, we listen to music and play games together. We have a good time. 1． 2． 3． 4． 5． 6． 7． 8． 参考答案 小练笔 01 一、从括号选择合适的内容，补全句子。 1. him；Yes 2. play 3. sweep；water 4. you 二、单项选择。 1. C 2. A 3. C 三、句型转换。 1. (1) He can't jump high. (2) Can he jump high? (3) Yes, he can. (4) No, he can't. 2. (1) May I go out now? (2) Yes, you may. / Yes, you can. (3) No, you may not. / No, you can't. 小练笔 02 一、单项选择。 1．B 2．B 3．A 4．B 5．B 二、选用方框内短语填空。 1．need to 2．needs to 3．need to 4．needs to 5．needs to 综合训练 一、单项选择。 1．B 2．A 3．C 4．C 5．C 6．B 7．C 8．C 9．C 10．C 二、选词填空。(can / may / need to / needs to / must) 1．may 2．May 3．can 4．Can 5．must 6．needs to 7．need to 8．must 9．needs to 三、用所给单词的适当形式填空。 1．him 2．clean 3．helper 4．feed 5．dishes 四、连词成句。 1．I can cut the grass. 2．Can you help me clean the floor? 3．May I play outside? 4．I need to tidy my room. 5．She loves doing chores. 五、句型转换。 1．don’t need to 2．Does need to she does 3．don’t need to 4．Can you No we can’t 5．can’t wash 六、典典想邀请朋友们和他一起踢足球。选择合适的选项补全对话。 1．E 2．D 3．C 4．B 5．A 七、阅读短文，判断下列句子正(T)误(F)。 1．F 2．F 3．F 4．F 5．T 八、【新考法·思维导图】阅读短文，完成思维导图。 1．Saturday 2．farm 3．tired 4．vegetables 5．apple trees 6．bread and fruit 7．some juice 8．play games 第 1 页 共 18 页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $