Unit 2 Brilliant Thoughts（单元自测卷·河南专用）英语新教材仁爱科普版九年级上册

………………○………………外………………○………………装………………○………………订………………○………………线………………○……………… ………………○………………内………………○………………装………………○………………订………………○………………线………………○……………… 此卷只装订不密封 ………………○………………内………………○………………装………………○………………订………………○………………线………………○……………… ………………○………………外………………○………………装………………○………………订………………○………………线………………○……………… … 学校：______________姓名：_____________班级：_______________考号：______________________ 2026-2027学年九年级上册英语单元自测·河南专用 Unit 2 Brilliant Thoughts·培优卷 学校:___________班级：___________姓名：___________分数：___________ （时间：100分钟，满分：120分） 一、听力理解(20小题，每小题1分，共20分) 第一节 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳答案。每段对话读两遍。 1. When was the car invented? A. In 1987. B. In 1986. C. In 1885. 2. What’s the ring made of? A. Silver. B. Steel. C. Gold. 3. What is WeChat used for according to the boy? A. For communication. B. For playing games. C. For taking photos. 4. What does Anna think is the most important thing of being an inventor? A. Curiosity. B. Practice. C. Understanding. 5. Why does the girl like the teenage creator? A. He loves art. B. He performs well. C. He shows great creativity. 第二节 听下面几段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳答案。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听下面一段对话，回答第6至第7小题。 6. Who are they? A. Mother and son. B. Doctor and patient. C. Teacher and student. 7. How many inventions did Thomas Edison make? A. Less than 200. B. More than 2,000. C. More than 3,000. 听下面一段对话，回答第8至第9小题。 8. What does Cindy think of the report? A. Amazing. B. Important. C. Interesting. 9. Which invention is the most useful? A. The telephone. B. The plane. C. The Internet. 听下面一段独白，回答第10至第12小题。 10. What’s the passage about? A. Inventions. B. Robots. C. Spaceships. 11. How many advantages does the bike have? A. Only one advantage. B. Two advantages. C. Three advantages. 12. What makes the bike move? A. Electric energy. B. Solar energy. C. Water energy. 听下面一段对话，回答第13至第15小题。 13. What’s the machine used for? A. Washing vegetables. B. Making noodles. C. Making dumplings. 14. When did the girl buy the machine? A. Last Wednesday. B. Last Thursday. C. Last Friday. 15. What does the girl think of the machine? A. Good. B. Cheap. C. Strange. 第三节 请用你所听到的内容，填写表格中所单词，每空仅填一词。短文读两遍。 History of Pencils In the 1500s: People discovered graphite (石墨), a 16.___________ dark thing. In the 17.___________ century: Skilled workers shaped graphite and 18.___________ it into wood. In 1795: ◆ Conte, an engineer, mixed graphite with soft 19.___________ and fired it. ◆ This method is still 20.___________ used for most wooden pencils today. 二、阅读理解(20小题，每小题2分，共40分) 阅读下面四篇语言材料，然后按文后要求做题。 A Four Great Inventions of Modern China Invention What it does Why it’s special Usage Data (2025) High-Speed Rail Connects cities at speeds up to 350 km/h World’s largest network; punctual and safe 2.3 billion trips/year Mobile Payment Pay for things with phone, no cash needed Even street vendors use it; scan QR code to pay 860 million active users E-commerce Buy anything online, get it in 1-2 days Villages can sell products to cities easily 710 million online shoppers Bike-Sharing Rent a bike anytime using an app Green transport; solve “last mile” problem 380 million registered users Source: China Internet Network Information Center, 2026 21. What is the text type of this passage? A. A personal diary. B. A news report. C. A table/chart with information. D. A letter to a friend. 22. Which invention has the most active users according to the table? A. High-Speed Rail. B. Mobile Payment. C. E-commerce. D. Bike-Sharing. 23. Which of the following statements is TRUE according to the passage? A. High-speed trains in China run at 400 km/h. B. Mobile payment is only used in big cities. C. E-commerce helps farmers sell products. D. Bike-sharing is mainly for long-distance travel. 24. About how many more people use mobile payment than bike-sharing? A. About 380 million. B. About 480 million. C. About 860 million. D. About 1.2 billion. 25. What is the main purpose of this passage? A. To advertise the four inventions. B. To inform readers about modern Chinese inventions. C. To compare China with other countries. D. To persuade people to use these inventions. B The brush pen, one of the “Four Treasures of the Study”, was invented thousands of years ago. However, the oldest pen was just a stick or a piece of bamboo. It was difficult for people to write well on thin silk. It is said that Meng Tian, a general of the Kingdom (王国) Qin, improved the pen. When Meng was leading an army to fight against the Kingdom of Chu, he had to report the situation to his king in time. But his pen was too hard and caused him much trouble, so he was thinking of ways to improve it. One day after hunting (狩猎), Meng made his way home with some wild rabbits on horseback. Fat and heavy, one rabbit’s tail (尾巴) left a long trail on the ground when they moved on. Suddenly, a good idea came to his mind when he saw it, “If I tie (系) the rabbit’s hair to a stick, would it be easy to write with?” On arriving home, he tied the rabbit’s hair to a stick and tried writing with it. But the rabbit’s hair was too smooth to write well and wasted a lot of silk. Meng was so disappointed that he threw away his “invention” into a stone hole in the yard. However, Meng never gave up and kept trying all the time. A few rainy days later, he happened to find his“invention” fatter in a stone hole. He picked it up with hope. The brush worked beautifully on silk. It turned out that the special water had cleaned the oil from the hair. Meng succeeded at last. 26. What was the oldest pen like? A. It was only a stick. B. It was a bamboo with an animal’s hair. C. It was like a brush. D. It was just like today’s pen. 27. Why did Meng Tian want to improve the pen? A. Because the king asked him to do so. B. Because he wanted to be an inventor. C. Because he didn’t have silk to write on. D. Because the pen brought him much trouble. 28. What does the underlined word “trail” probably mean? A. A line drawn by someone. B. A picture drawn by someone. C. A mark left by something moving. D. A circle left by something. 29. Which is the right order of improving the brush pen? a. Meng tied the rabbit’s hair to a stick. b. The brush pen could write well. c. The special water washed the oil away. d. Meng dropped the stick into a stone hole. A. b-d-a-c B. a-d-c-b C. b-d-c-a D. a-c-d-b 30. The passage tells us we should ________, if we want to be successful. A. make friends with animals B. use animal’s hair to make something C. value fantastic memories D. keep trying and never give up C Have you ever wondered who invented the umbrella? The umbrella is one of the oldest and most useful inventions, yet its origins are unclear. We do know that it was first used in ancient Egypt, Assyria, and China over 4,000 years ago. In ancient times, umbrellas were not primarily for keeping dry; they were symbols of status and power. Kings and nobles used them to shield themselves from the sun. The first waterproof umbrellas, however, appeared in China during the Zhou Dynasty. These early umbrellas were made of silk or oiled paper stretched over a bamboo frame. They were heavy and expensive, but they worked. The Chinese also developed a collapsible umbrella, which could be folded up when not in use—a design feature we still use today. It wasn’t until the 16th century that umbrellas became popular in Europe. At first, people thought they were silly and unnecessary. Men, in particular, refused to carry them, considering them women’s accessories. However, a man named Jonas Hanway changed that. He carried an umbrella everywhere he went in London for 30 years, despite being mocked. Eventually, people realized how practical it was, and the umbrella became a common sight. Today, the umbrella is an essential item worldwide. From blocking rain to providing shade, it serves many purposes. Its simple design—a canopy on a stick—has remained largely unchanged for centuries. The next time you open an umbrella, remember that you’re using a piece of technology that has been refined over thousands of years. It’s a great idea that truly stood the test of time. 31. What was the primary use of umbrellas in ancient times? A. To keep dry in the rain. B. To shield from the sun. C. To decorate homes. D. To signal for help. 32. What was a key feature of the Chinese umbrella during the Zhou Dynasty? A. It was made of metal. B. It was collapsible. C. It was very cheap. D. It was used only by soldiers. 33. Why did European men initially refuse to carry umbrellas? A. They thought umbrellas were too heavy. B. They believed umbrellas were fragile. C. They saw umbrellas as women’s items. D. They didn’t like the colors of umbrellas. 34. What can we infer about Jonas Hanway? A. He was a fashion designer. B. He was a weather forecaster. C. He was a persistent promoter of the umbrella. D. He was a critic of new inventions. 35. What is the main idea of the passage? A. The history and evolution of the umbrella. B. How to make a waterproof umbrella. C. The differences between Eastern and Western umbrellas. D. Why umbrellas are popular in London. D Many people believe that only talented people can come up with new invention ideas. In fact, it is possible for anyone to have good invention ideas. 36 First, you need to find fields that you know well. You can make a list of them. By making the list, you will find the fields easily. 37 What fields are you good at? You can ask yourself these questions and write down the answers on your list. 38 Your goal is to find what can be improved in your fields. You can ask people around you about their problems, such as your classmates, parents or teachers. If you are too shy to ask, you can use the Internet to get some information. Your new invention ideas need to solve those problems. The next step is to research the market. Once you know the needs, you can start researching. 39 The only thing you can do is to find ways to improve these tools and make them better. If there are no such tools, you can think about creating them. When you have finished all these steps, you will get some interesting ideas. 40 So why not start to have a try now? 根据材料内容, 从下面五个选项中选出能填入文中空缺处的最佳选项, 使文章意思通顺、内容完整。 A. What are you interested in? B. Then, you should try to find the needs and problems. C. Then it will be time for you to create your own inventions D. There may be some tools in the market that can solve the problems E. If you follow these steps, you can have your own invention ideas. 三、完形填空(15小题，每小题1分，共15分) 先通读短文，掌握其大意，然后从A、B、C、D四个选项中选出一个可以填入相应空白处的最佳答案。 Ma Junhe, a 14-year-old student in Henan Province, made a telescope (望远镜). He only 41 70 yuan on it, but the telescope allowed him to see the craters (环形山) on the moon. What’s more, he got great 42 in the making process. His idea of making this telescope came from his 43 in physics. After learning some knowledge about telescopes in his physics class, he 44 to make one by himself. As he didn’t have a lot of money, he had to be 45 to find what he needed to make the telescope. He bought some materials online, 46 collected the others on his own. “I used an old plastic pipe (塑料管) for the lens cone (镜筒), and it was 47 by my drum stand,” Ma said. Though Ma faced many challenges along the way, his resolution 48 strong. First, he used hardboard to make a lens cone, as taught in 49 , but it didn’t work well. He didn’t know the reason, so he told his 50 to his teacher. With his teacher’s advice, he used a plastic pipe. When he set up these materials, he found that it was much smaller than the pipe’s opening. He had to try many times to make sure it 51 . After failing over 10 times, Ma finally 52 . His telescope has a magnification (放大率) of 90 times, allowing him to see the moon’s craters 53 . “Seeing the moon’s craters through my telescope made me feel so good and I was 54 with the result,” said Ma. “With enough resolution and hard work, even with   55 money, anyone can do something so amazing.” 41. A. spent B. took C. paid D. raised 42. A. pressure B. prize C. pleasure D. worry 43. A. tool B. interest C. introduction D. note 44. A. continued B. forgot C. refused D. decided 45. A. professional B. serious C. creative D. brave 46. A. when B. though C. then D. so 47. A. covered B. matched C. divided D. held 48. A. remained B. turned C. sounded D. looked 49. A. class B. team C. library D. community 50. A. list B. memory C. secret D. doubt 51. A. hit B. filled C. fit D. locked 52. A. passed B. succeeded C. lifted D. scored 53. A. normally B. clearly C. wisely D. slowly 54. A. satisfied B. patient C. good D. strict 55. A. big B. easy C. little D. enough 四、语篇填空 (15小题，每小题1分，共15分) 第一节 阅读短文，从方框中选择适当的词并用其正确形式填空，使短文通顺、意思完整。每空限填一词，每词限用一次。 drop  like  invention  it  light  see  work  so  movement  careful In ancient China, people were afraid of earthquakes. People wanted to know when earthquakes would come, 56._________ they could run away safely. The Emperor Han ordered Zhang Heng, a smart scientist, to find a good way to make predictions of earthquakes. Zhang Heng remembered 57._________ water move in a bowl when a horse ran by. Water inside waved in the direction of the 58._________. This gave him an idea. He thought, “Maybe earthquakes make waves 59._________ water!” He made a big bronze jar (青铜罐) with eight dragon heads. Each dragon held a metal ball in 60._________ mouth. There was a special stick inside each dragon. When the ground shook, the stick would move and make a dragon drop its ball into a frog’s mouth below. This showed where the earthquake came from. At first, it didn’t 61._________. The stick was too heavy. Zhang Heng used a much 62._________ stick and tried again. One day, the west dragon 63._________ its ball. No one felt the shaking. Four days later, the news came: a big earthquake hit west! Although it couldn’t predict earthquakes, it could provide the direction of earthquakes, which was a great 64._________ of China. It taught us to watch small things 65._________ like Zhang Heng. 第二节 阅读短文，根据语篇要求填空，使短文通顺、意思完整。每空限填一词。 It’s normal that we use Band-Aids (创可贴) when we cut our fingers by accident. The first Band-Aid 66._________ invented by Earle Dickson in 1921. Dickson’s wife Josephine often cut her fingers in the kitchen. At that time, dealing 67._________ hurt fingers wasn’t easy. Because gauze (纱布) and adhesive tape (胶带) didn’t come together. People had to cut them to the right size. Dickson found 68._________ they were always too big and soon fell off. Once he tried 69._________ put a piece of gauze on the center of a piece of tape. Not only Dickson 70._________ also his wife was surprised to see that the gauze remained there for some time. The first Band-Aid was “born”! 五、补全对话 (5小题，每小题2分，共10分) 根据下面对话中的情境，在每个空白处填入一个适当的语句，使对话恢复完整。 A: Hi, Jack! What are you doing here now? B: 71._________________________________. A: Oh, I see. By the way, what’s that on the table? It looks a little strange. B: It is a machine. I bought it online. A: 72._________________________________? B: I bought it about two weeks ago. A: 73._________________________________? B: It is mainly made of metal (金属). But it is not very heavy. A: 74._________________________________? B: It’s used for cutting fruit. A: 75._________________________________. Can you show me? B: Of course. Look! It is very easy to use. A: May I have a try? B: Sure. 六、书面表达 (20分) 76. 在科技飞速发展的今天，新发明层出不穷。智能手机（the smartphone）、计算机（the computer）、互联网（the Internet）、人工智能（AI）这些发明，正深刻改变着我们的学习、社交和日常生活。 请你以______ Has Changed My Life a Lot为题，写一篇英语短文，谈谈这项发明对你生活的影响。 内容提示 1. What invention has changed your life a lot? 2. What do you think of the invention? 3. How does it change your life? 注意事项 1.文中不得出现真实的人名、校名等个人信息； 2.标题空格处需补全你要写的发明名称； 3.词数80词左右（给出的开头不计入总词数）。 ________ Has Changed My Life a Lot The invention that has changed my life a lot is ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 试题 第3页（共8页） 试题 第4页（共8页） 试题 第1页（共8页） 试题 第2页（共8页） 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 2026-2027学年九年级上册英语单元自测·河南专用 Unit 2 Brilliant Thoughts·培优卷 学校:___________班级：___________姓名：___________分数：___________ （时间：100分钟，满分：120分） 一、听力理解(20小题，每小题1分，共20分) 第一节 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳答案。每段对话读两遍。 1. When was the car invented? A. In 1987. B. In 1986. C. In 1885. 2. What’s the ring made of? A. Silver. B. Steel. C. Gold. 3. What is WeChat used for according to the boy? A. For communication. B. For playing games. C. For taking photos. 4. What does Anna think is the most important thing of being an inventor? A. Curiosity. B. Practice. C. Understanding. 5. Why does the girl like the teenage creator? A. He loves art. B. He performs well. C. He shows great creativity. 第二节 听下面几段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳答案。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听下面一段对话，回答第6至第7小题。 6. Who are they? A. Mother and son. B. Doctor and patient. C. Teacher and student. 7. How many inventions did Thomas Edison make? A. Less than 200. B. More than 2,000. C. More than 3,000. 听下面一段对话，回答第8至第9小题。 8. What does Cindy think of the report? A. Amazing. B. Important. C. Interesting. 9. Which invention is the most useful? A. The telephone. B. The plane. C. The Internet. 听下面一段独白，回答第10至第12小题。 10. What’s the passage about? A. Inventions. B. Robots. C. Spaceships. 11. How many advantages does the bike have? A. Only one advantage. B. Two advantages. C. Three advantages. 12. What makes the bike move? A. Electric energy. B. Solar energy. C. Water energy. 听下面一段对话，回答第13至第15小题。 13. What’s the machine used for? A. Washing vegetables. B. Making noodles. C. Making dumplings. 14. When did the girl buy the machine? A. Last Wednesday. B. Last Thursday. C. Last Friday. 15. What does the girl think of the machine? A. Good. B. Cheap. C. Strange. 第三节 请用你所听到的内容，填写表格中所单词，每空仅填一词。短文读两遍。 History of Pencils In the 1500s: People discovered graphite (石墨), a 16.___________ dark thing. In the 17.___________ century: Skilled workers shaped graphite and 18.___________ it into wood. In 1795: ◆ Conte, an engineer, mixed graphite with soft 19.___________ and fired it. ◆ This method is still 20.___________ used for most wooden pencils today. 二、阅读理解(20小题，每小题2分，共40分) 阅读下面四篇语言材料，然后按文后要求做题。 A Four Great Inventions of Modern China Invention What it does Why it’s special Usage Data (2025) High-Speed Rail Connects cities at speeds up to 350 km/h World’s largest network; punctual and safe 2.3 billion trips/year Mobile Payment Pay for things with phone, no cash needed Even street vendors use it; scan QR code to pay 860 million active users E-commerce Buy anything online, get it in 1-2 days Villages can sell products to cities easily 710 million online shoppers Bike-Sharing Rent a bike anytime using an app Green transport; solve “last mile” problem 380 million registered users Source: China Internet Network Information Center, 2026 21. What is the text type of this passage? A. A personal diary. B. A news report. C. A table/chart with information. D. A letter to a friend. 22. Which invention has the most active users according to the table? A. High-Speed Rail. B. Mobile Payment. C. E-commerce. D. Bike-Sharing. 23. Which of the following statements is TRUE according to the passage? A. High-speed trains in China run at 400 km/h. B. Mobile payment is only used in big cities. C. E-commerce helps farmers sell products. D. Bike-sharing is mainly for long-distance travel. 24. About how many more people use mobile payment than bike-sharing? A. About 380 million. B. About 480 million. C. About 860 million. D. About 1.2 billion. 25. What is the main purpose of this passage? A. To advertise the four inventions. B. To inform readers about modern Chinese inventions. C. To compare China with other countries. D. To persuade people to use these inventions. B The brush pen, one of the “Four Treasures of the Study”, was invented thousands of years ago. However, the oldest pen was just a stick or a piece of bamboo. It was difficult for people to write well on thin silk. It is said that Meng Tian, a general of the Kingdom (王国) Qin, improved the pen. When Meng was leading an army to fight against the Kingdom of Chu, he had to report the situation to his king in time. But his pen was too hard and caused him much trouble, so he was thinking of ways to improve it. One day after hunting (狩猎), Meng made his way home with some wild rabbits on horseback. Fat and heavy, one rabbit’s tail (尾巴) left a long trail on the ground when they moved on. Suddenly, a good idea came to his mind when he saw it, “If I tie (系) the rabbit’s hair to a stick, would it be easy to write with?” On arriving home, he tied the rabbit’s hair to a stick and tried writing with it. But the rabbit’s hair was too smooth to write well and wasted a lot of silk. Meng was so disappointed that he threw away his “invention” into a stone hole in the yard. However, Meng never gave up and kept trying all the time. A few rainy days later, he happened to find his“invention” fatter in a stone hole. He picked it up with hope. The brush worked beautifully on silk. It turned out that the special water had cleaned the oil from the hair. Meng succeeded at last. 26. What was the oldest pen like? A. It was only a stick. B. It was a bamboo with an animal’s hair. C. It was like a brush. D. It was just like today’s pen. 27. Why did Meng Tian want to improve the pen? A. Because the king asked him to do so. B. Because he wanted to be an inventor. C. Because he didn’t have silk to write on. D. Because the pen brought him much trouble. 28. What does the underlined word “trail” probably mean? A. A line drawn by someone. B. A picture drawn by someone. C. A mark left by something moving. D. A circle left by something. 29. Which is the right order of improving the brush pen? a. Meng tied the rabbit’s hair to a stick. b. The brush pen could write well. c. The special water washed the oil away. d. Meng dropped the stick into a stone hole. A. b-d-a-c B. a-d-c-b C. b-d-c-a D. a-c-d-b 30. The passage tells us we should ________, if we want to be successful. A. make friends with animals B. use animal’s hair to make something C. value fantastic memories D. keep trying and never give up C Have you ever wondered who invented the umbrella? The umbrella is one of the oldest and most useful inventions, yet its origins are unclear. We do know that it was first used in ancient Egypt, Assyria, and China over 4,000 years ago. In ancient times, umbrellas were not primarily for keeping dry; they were symbols of status and power. Kings and nobles used them to shield themselves from the sun. The first waterproof umbrellas, however, appeared in China during the Zhou Dynasty. These early umbrellas were made of silk or oiled paper stretched over a bamboo frame. They were heavy and expensive, but they worked. The Chinese also developed a collapsible umbrella, which could be folded up when not in use—a design feature we still use today. It wasn’t until the 16th century that umbrellas became popular in Europe. At first, people thought they were silly and unnecessary. Men, in particular, refused to carry them, considering them women’s accessories. However, a man named Jonas Hanway changed that. He carried an umbrella everywhere he went in London for 30 years, despite being mocked. Eventually, people realized how practical it was, and the umbrella became a common sight. Today, the umbrella is an essential item worldwide. From blocking rain to providing shade, it serves many purposes. Its simple design—a canopy on a stick—has remained largely unchanged for centuries. The next time you open an umbrella, remember that you’re using a piece of technology that has been refined over thousands of years. It’s a great idea that truly stood the test of time. 31. What was the primary use of umbrellas in ancient times? A. To keep dry in the rain. B. To shield from the sun. C. To decorate homes. D. To signal for help. 32. What was a key feature of the Chinese umbrella during the Zhou Dynasty? A. It was made of metal. B. It was collapsible. C. It was very cheap. D. It was used only by soldiers. 33. Why did European men initially refuse to carry umbrellas? A. They thought umbrellas were too heavy. B. They believed umbrellas were fragile. C. They saw umbrellas as women’s items. D. They didn’t like the colors of umbrellas. 34. What can we infer about Jonas Hanway? A. He was a fashion designer. B. He was a weather forecaster. C. He was a persistent promoter of the umbrella. D. He was a critic of new inventions. 35. What is the main idea of the passage? A. The history and evolution of the umbrella. B. How to make a waterproof umbrella. C. The differences between Eastern and Western umbrellas. D. Why umbrellas are popular in London. D Many people believe that only talented people can come up with new invention ideas. In fact, it is possible for anyone to have good invention ideas. 36 First, you need to find fields that you know well. You can make a list of them. By making the list, you will find the fields easily. 37 What fields are you good at? You can ask yourself these questions and write down the answers on your list. 38 Your goal is to find what can be improved in your fields. You can ask people around you about their problems, such as your classmates, parents or teachers. If you are too shy to ask, you can use the Internet to get some information. Your new invention ideas need to solve those problems. The next step is to research the market. Once you know the needs, you can start researching. 39 The only thing you can do is to find ways to improve these tools and make them better. If there are no such tools, you can think about creating them. When you have finished all these steps, you will get some interesting ideas. 40 So why not start to have a try now? 根据材料内容, 从下面五个选项中选出能填入文中空缺处的最佳选项, 使文章意思通顺、内容完整。 A. What are you interested in? B. Then, you should try to find the needs and problems. C. Then it will be time for you to create your own inventions D. There may be some tools in the market that can solve the problems E. If you follow these steps, you can have your own invention ideas. 三、完形填空(15小题，每小题1分，共15分) 先通读短文，掌握其大意，然后从A、B、C、D四个选项中选出一个可以填入相应空白处的最佳答案。 Ma Junhe, a 14-year-old student in Henan Province, made a telescope (望远镜). He only 41 70 yuan on it, but the telescope allowed him to see the craters (环形山) on the moon. What’s more, he got great 42 in the making process. His idea of making this telescope came from his 43 in physics. After learning some knowledge about telescopes in his physics class, he 44 to make one by himself. As he didn’t have a lot of money, he had to be 45 to find what he needed to make the telescope. He bought some materials online, 46 collected the others on his own. “I used an old plastic pipe (塑料管) for the lens cone (镜筒), and it was 47 by my drum stand,” Ma said. Though Ma faced many challenges along the way, his resolution 48 strong. First, he used hardboard to make a lens cone, as taught in 49 , but it didn’t work well. He didn’t know the reason, so he told his 50 to his teacher. With his teacher’s advice, he used a plastic pipe. When he set up these materials, he found that it was much smaller than the pipe’s opening. He had to try many times to make sure it 51 . After failing over 10 times, Ma finally 52 . His telescope has a magnification (放大率) of 90 times, allowing him to see the moon’s craters 53 . “Seeing the moon’s craters through my telescope made me feel so good and I was 54 with the result,” said Ma. “With enough resolution and hard work, even with   55 money, anyone can do something so amazing.” 41. A. spent B. took C. paid D. raised 42. A. pressure B. prize C. pleasure D. worry 43. A. tool B. interest C. introduction D. note 44. A. continued B. forgot C. refused D. decided 45. A. professional B. serious C. creative D. brave 46. A. when B. though C. then D. so 47. A. covered B. matched C. divided D. held 48. A. remained B. turned C. sounded D. looked 49. A. class B. team C. library D. community 50. A. list B. memory C. secret D. doubt 51. A. hit B. filled C. fit D. locked 52. A. passed B. succeeded C. lifted D. scored 53. A. normally B. clearly C. wisely D. slowly 54. A. satisfied B. patient C. good D. strict 55. A. big B. easy C. little D. enough 四、语篇填空 (15小题，每小题1分，共15分) 第一节 阅读短文，从方框中选择适当的词并用其正确形式填空，使短文通顺、意思完整。每空限填一词，每词限用一次。 drop  like  invention  it  light  see  work  so  movement  careful In ancient China, people were afraid of earthquakes. People wanted to know when earthquakes would come, 56._________ they could run away safely. The Emperor Han ordered Zhang Heng, a smart scientist, to find a good way to make predictions of earthquakes. Zhang Heng remembered 57._________ water move in a bowl when a horse ran by. Water inside waved in the direction of the 58._________. This gave him an idea. He thought, “Maybe earthquakes make waves 59._________ water!” He made a big bronze jar (青铜罐) with eight dragon heads. Each dragon held a metal ball in 60._________ mouth. There was a special stick inside each dragon. When the ground shook, the stick would move and make a dragon drop its ball into a frog’s mouth below. This showed where the earthquake came from. At first, it didn’t 61._________. The stick was too heavy. Zhang Heng used a much 62._________ stick and tried again. One day, the west dragon 63._________ its ball. No one felt the shaking. Four days later, the news came: a big earthquake hit west! Although it couldn’t predict earthquakes, it could provide the direction of earthquakes, which was a great 64._________ of China. It taught us to watch small things 65._________ like Zhang Heng. 第二节 阅读短文，根据语篇要求填空，使短文通顺、意思完整。每空限填一词。 It’s normal that we use Band-Aids (创可贴) when we cut our fingers by accident. The first Band-Aid 66._________ invented by Earle Dickson in 1921. Dickson’s wife Josephine often cut her fingers in the kitchen. At that time, dealing 67._________ hurt fingers wasn’t easy. Because gauze (纱布) and adhesive tape (胶带) didn’t come together. People had to cut them to the right size. Dickson found 68._________ they were always too big and soon fell off. Once he tried 69._________ put a piece of gauze on the center of a piece of tape. Not only Dickson 70._________ also his wife was surprised to see that the gauze remained there for some time. The first Band-Aid was “born”! 五、补全对话 (5小题，每小题2分，共10分) 根据下面对话中的情境，在每个空白处填入一个适当的语句，使对话恢复完整。 A: Hi, Jack! What are you doing here now? B: 71._________________________________. A: Oh, I see. By the way, what’s that on the table? It looks a little strange. B: It is a machine. I bought it online. A: 72._________________________________? B: I bought it about two weeks ago. A: 73._________________________________? B: It is mainly made of metal (金属). But it is not very heavy. A: 74._________________________________? B: It’s used for cutting fruit. A: 75._________________________________. Can you show me? B: Of course. Look! It is very easy to use. A: May I have a try? B: Sure. 六、书面表达 (20分) 76. 在科技飞速发展的今天，新发明层出不穷。智能手机（the smartphone）、计算机（the computer）、互联网（the Internet）、人工智能（AI）这些发明，正深刻改变着我们的学习、社交和日常生活。 请你以______ Has Changed My Life a Lot为题，写一篇英语短文，谈谈这项发明对你生活的影响。 内容提示 1. What invention has changed your life a lot? 2. What do you think of the invention? 3. How does it change your life? 注意事项 1.文中不得出现真实的人名、校名等个人信息； 2.标题空格处需补全你要写的发明名称； 3.词数80词左右（给出的开头不计入总词数）。 ________ Has Changed My Life a Lot The invention that has changed my life a lot is _________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司1 / 14 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $第一节听下面5段对话，每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的ABC3个选项中选出最佳答案，每段对话读两遍。One, could you tell me when the car was invented? IT was invented in eighteen eighty five. Could you tell me when the car was invented? IT was invented in eighteen eighty five. Two, is this . rain made of . silver . or gold? Neither is made of steel. Is this rain made of server . or gold? Neither is made of steel. Three, we chat . really influences people's life . exactly IT is easier for us to keep in touch with others . WeChat really influences people's life exactly . IT is easier for us to keep in touch with others. For what do . you think is the most important thing of being an inventor? Anna, I think it's curiosity. What do you think is the most important thing of being an inventor? Anna, I think it's curiosity. Five, do you know . the sixteen year old boy who made the short puppet film? Of course, he is such a creative creator. I really admire his amazing ideas. Do you know the sixteen year old boy who made the short puppet film? Of course, he is such a creative creator. I really admire his amazing ideas. 第二节，听下面几段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的ABC3个选项中选出最佳答案。每段对话或独白读两遍，听下面一段对话，回答第六至第7两个小题。Danny, can you imagine a world without electricity? Mom, I think IT will be terrible. Our life will be greatly influenced. Yes, you are right. Who is your favorite inventor? Thomas Edison? Well, do you know how many inventions he made? More than two thousand inventions. Danny, can you imagine a world without electricity? Mom, I think I will be terrible. Our life will be greatly influenced. Yes, you are right. Who is your favorite ite? inventer? Thomas Edison. well, do you know how many inventions he made? More than two thousand inventions. 听下面一段对话，回答第八至第9两个小题。Hi, Cindy. I college yesterday afternoon, but there was no answer. Sorry, mark. I was listening to a report in the school meeting hall. What is the report about . the invention and life? IT is really amazing. What do you think is the most important invention? The most important one is really hard to decide. However, I think the internet is the most useful. I agree, the plane and telephone are also very useful. Hi Cindy. I college yesterday afternoon, but there was no answer. Sorry, mark. I was listening to a report in the school meeting hall. What is the report . about the invention and life? IT is really amazing. What do you think is the most important invention? The most important one is really hard to decide. However, I think the internet is the most useful. I agree, the plane and telephone are also . very useful. 听下面一段独白，回答第十至第十二三个小题。My invention is a flying bike. Now let me introduce you to you. first. IT has two views and two so that we can use IT to ride on the ground of fly in the sky. Second, when we ride a bike, we can take photos or call others with IT. Third, IT can not only travel very fast, but also help to protect the environment and save energy, because we use solar energy to move IT. However, IT can be improved as well. We had a Better add something to the bike to protect us if we fall of IT. My invention is a flying bike. Now let me introduce you to you. first. IT has two views and two wings, so that we can use IT to ride on the ground or fly in the sky. Second, when we ride a bike, we can take photos or call others with IT. Third, IT can not only travel very fast, but also helped to protect the environment and safe energy, because we use solar energy to move IT. However, IT can be improved as well. We had butter and add something to the bike to protect us if we fall of IT. 听下面一段对话，回答第13至第15 3个小题。Look, i've got a new machine. What is IT used for making noodles? I like noodles, so my mother advised me to buy this machine. When and where did you buy? IT? I bought the last wednesday in the supermarket near my home. I was made in germany, so IT was a little expensive. Have you used IT? Yes, i've used several times. IT worked very well. Look, i've got a new machine. What is IT used for making noodles? I like noodles, so my mother advised me to buy this machine. When and where did you buy? IT? I bought the last wednesday in the supermarket near my home. I was made in germany, so IT was a little expensive. Have you used IT? Yes, i've used several times. IT worked very well. 第三节，请用你所听到的内容填写表格中所缺单词，每空只填一词，短文读两遍。Pencils are common truth for writing and drawing. They look simple, but they have a fascinating history. IT all started in the fifteen hundreds when people in england discovered grave fight a special dark thing. At first, they tied IT with thing rope or put IT into small wooden sticks to use IT Better. Then in the seventeen th century, the modern pencil began to be made. Skilled workers shaped graphite and placed IT into wood. A big change happened in seventeen ninety five. Count and engineer tried many ways to make Better pencils. He mixed the graphic with soft earth and fired IT. The new mixture was great, changing the amount of earth made softer or harder. Pencils can't put IT into wood for easier use. This method is still widely used for most wooden pencils today. Now china makes a large number of pencils, and the people all over the world is them. China is a big help in making pencils available for everyone. Pencils are common tools for writing and join. They look simple, but they have a fascinating history. IT all started in the fifteen hundreds when people in england discovered a special dark thing. At first, they tied IT with rope, were put IT into small wooden sticks to use IT Better. Then in the seventeen th century, the modern pencil began to be made. Skilled workers shaped graphic and placed into wood. A big change happened in seventeen ninety five. Counts in engineer, try many ways to make Better pencils. He mixed the graphed with soft earth and fired IT. The new mixture was great, changing the amount of earth made softer or harder. Pencils can't put IT into word for easier use this method, but is still widely used for most wooden pencils today. Now china makes a large number of pencils, and people all over the world use them. China is a big help in making pencils available for everyone. 2026-2027学年九年级上册英语单元自测·河南专用 Unit 2 Brilliant Thoughts·培优卷 参考答案 题号 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 答案 C B A A C A B A C A 题号 11 12 13 14 15 21 22 23 24 25 答案 C B B A A C B C B B 题号 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 答案 A D C B D B B C C A 题号 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 答案 E A B D C A C B D C 题号 46 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 54 55 答案 C D A A D C B B A C 1. C 2. B 3. A 4. A 5. C 6. A 7. B 8. A 9. C 10. A 11. C 12. B 13. B 14. A 15. A 16. spcial 17. 17th 18. placed 19. earth 20. widely 21. C 22. B 23. C 24. B 25. B 26. A 27. D 28. C 29. B 30. D 31. B 32. B 33. C 34. C 35. A 36. E 37. A 38. B 39. D 40. C 41. A 42. C 43. B 44. D 45. C 46. C 47. D 48. A 49. A 50. D 51. C 52. B 53. B 54. A 55. C 56. so 57. seeing 58. movement 59. like 60. its 61. work 62. lighter 63. dropped 64. invention 65. carefully 66. was 67. with 68. that 69. to 70. but 71. I’m just looking at this 72. When did you buy it 73. What is it made of 74. What is it used for 75. That sounds interesting 76. 例文① The Internet Has Changed My Life a Lot The invention that has changed my life a lot is the Internet. In the past, I used to buy books in stores and wait for a long time to hear from my pen friends. Now, the Internet makes my life much easier and more colorful. I think it is one of the greatest inventions ever. With it, I can watch movies, play games, read e-books online and chat with friends anytime. It really changes my life for the better and I like the Internet very much. 例文② AI Has Changed My Life a Lot The invention that has changed my life a lot is AI. In the past, I spent hours looking for information in the library or asking teachers for problems. But now, AI has changed my way of learning and living. I think it is not just a cool invention but a powerful helper. With AI, I can use smart learning apps to improve my weak subjects. I can chat with AI robots to practice oral English. Besides, AI can check my study methods and offer good advice on time management. It’s amazing how AI has improved my life! 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司1 / 2 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 2026-2027学年九年级上册英语单元自测·河南专用 Unit 2 Brilliant Thoughts·培优卷 学校:___________班级：___________姓名：___________分数：___________ （时间：100分钟，满分：120分） 一、听力理解(20小题，每小题1分，共20分) 第一节 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳答案。每段对话读两遍。 1. When was the car invented? A. In 1987. B. In 1986. C. In 1885. 【答案】C 【原文】 W: Could you tell me when the car was invented? M: It was invented in 1885. 2. What’s the ring made of? A. Silver. B. Steel. C. Gold. 【答案】B 【原文】 A: Is this ring made of silver or gold? B: Neither, it’s made of steel. 3. What is WeChat used for according to the boy? A. For communication. B. For playing games. C. For taking photos. 【答案】A 【原文】 A: WeChat really influences people’s life. B: Exactly! It is easier for us to keep in touch with others. 4. What does Anna think is the most important thing of being an inventor? A. Curiosity. B. Practice. C. Understanding. 【答案】A 【原文】 M: What do you think is the most important thing of being an inventor, Anna? W: I think it’s curiosity. 5. Why does the girl like the teenage creator? A. He loves art. B. He performs well. C. He shows great creativity. 【答案】C 【原文】 M: Do you know the 16-year-old boy who made the short puppet film? W: Of course! He is such a creative creator. I really admire his amazing ideas. 第二节 听下面几段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳答案。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听下面一段对话，回答第6至第7小题。 6. Who are they? A. Mother and son. B. Doctor and patient. C. Teacher and student. 7. How many inventions did Thomas Edison make? A. Less than 200. B. More than 2,000. C. More than 3,000. 【答案】6. A 7. B 【原文】 W: Danny, can you imagine a world without electricity? M: Mom, I think it will be terrible. Our life will be greatly influenced. W: Yes, you are right. Who is your favourite inventor? M: Thomas Edison. W: Well, do you know how many inventions he made? M: More than 2,000 inventions. 听下面一段对话，回答第8至第9小题。 8. What does Cindy think of the report? A. Amazing. B. Important. C. Interesting. 9. Which invention is the most useful? A. The telephone. B. The plane. C. The Internet. 【答案】8. A 9. C 【原文】 W: Hi, Cindy. I called you yesterday afternoon, but there was no answer. M: Sorry, Mark, I was listening to a report in the school meeting hall. W: What is the report about? M: The invention and life, it is really amazing. W: What do you think is the most important invention? M: The most important one, it’s really hard to decide, however, I think the Internet is the most useful. W: I agree, the plane and the telephone are also very useful. 听下面一段独白，回答第10至第12小题。 10. What’s the passage about? A. Inventions. B. Robots. C. Spaceships. 11. How many advantages does the bike have? A. Only one advantage. B. Two advantages. C. Three advantages. 12. What makes the bike move? A. Electric energy. B. Solar energy. C. Water energy. 【答案】10. A 11. C 12. B 【原文】 My invention is a flying bike. Now, let me introduce it to you. First, it has two wheels and two wings, so that we can use it to ride on the ground or fly in the sky. Second, when we ride the bike, we can take photos or call others with it. Third, it can not only travel very fast, but also help to protect the environment and save energy, because we use the solar energy to move it. However, it can be improved as well. We had better add something to the bike to protect us if we fall off it. 听下面一段对话，回答第13至第15小题。 13. What’s the machine used for? A. Washing vegetables. B. Making noodles. C. Making dumplings. 14. When did the girl buy the machine? A. Last Wednesday. B. Last Thursday. C. Last Friday. 15. What does the girl think of the machine? A. Good. B. Cheap. C. Strange. 【答案】13. B 14. A 15. A 【原文】 W: Look! I’ve got a new machine. M: What is it used for? W: Making noodles. I like noodles, so my mother advised me to buy this machine. M: When and where did you buy it? W: I bought it last Wednesday in the supermarket near my home. It was made in Germany, so it was a little expensive. M: Have you used it? W: Yes, I’ve used it several times. It worked very well. 第三节 请用你所听到的内容，填写表格中所单词，每空仅填一词。短文读两遍。 History of Pencils In the 1500s:People discovered graphite (石墨), a 16.___________ dark thing. In the 17.___________ century: Skilled workers shaped graphite and 18.___________ it into wood. In 1795: ◆ Conte, an engineer, mixed graphite with soft 19.___________ and fired it. ◆ This method is still 20.___________ used for most wooden pencils today. 【答案】16. special 17. 17th 18. placed 19. earth 20. widely 【原文】 Pencils are common tools for writing and drawing. They look simple, but they have a fascinating history. It all started in the 1500s, when people in England discovered graphite, a special dark thing. At first, they tied it with thin rope or put it into small wooden sticks to use it better. Then, in the 17th century, the modern pencil began to be made. Skilled workers shaped graphite and placed it into wood. A big change happened in 1795. An engineer tried many ways to make better pencils. He mixed the graphite with soft earth and fired it. The new mixture was great. Changing the amount of earth made softer or harder pencils. Then they put it into wood for easier use. This method is still widely used for most wooden pencils today. Now China makes a large number of pencils, and people all over the world use them. China is a big help in making pencils available for everyone. 二、阅读理解(20小题，每小题2分，共40分) 阅读下面四篇语言材料，然后按文后要求做题。 A Four Great Inventions of Modern China Invention What it does Why it’s special Usage Data (2025) High-Speed Rail Connects cities at speeds up to 350 km/h World’s largest network; punctual and safe 2.3 billion trips/year Mobile Payment Pay for things with phone, no cash needed Even street vendors use it; scan QR code to pay 860 million active users E-commerce Buy anything online, get it in 1-2 days Villages can sell products to cities easily 710 million online shoppers Bike-Sharing Rent a bike anytime using an app Green transport; solve “last mile” problem 380 million registered users Source: China Internet Network Information Center, 2026 21. What is the text type of this passage? A. A personal diary. B. A news report. C. A table/chart with information. D. A letter to a friend. 22. Which invention has the most active users according to the table? A. High-Speed Rail. B. Mobile Payment. C. E-commerce. D. Bike-Sharing. 23. Which of the following statements is TRUE according to the passage? A. High-speed trains in China run at 400 km/h. B. Mobile payment is only used in big cities. C. E-commerce helps farmers sell products. D. Bike-sharing is mainly for long-distance travel. 24. About how many more people use mobile payment than bike-sharing? A. About 380 million. B. About 480 million. C. About 860 million. D. About 1.2 billion. 25. What is the main purpose of this passage? A. To advertise the four inventions. B. To inform readers about modern Chinese inventions. C. To compare China with other countries. D. To persuade people to use these inventions. 【答案】21. C 22. B 23. C 24. B 25. B 【导语】本文主要介绍了中国四项现代科技发明（高铁、移动支付、电商购物节、共享单车）的功能、特点及2025年的使用数据。 21. 原文以表格形式呈现，包含“Invention”“What it does”“Why it’s special”“Usage Data”等栏目，可知本文属于信息型图表。 22. “Mobile Payment”对应的“Usage Data (2025)”为“860 million active users”，高于电商7.1亿用户和共享单车3.8亿用户，而高铁的23亿是“人次”，与“用户数”不可直接比较。 23. “Why it’s special”一栏，对“E-commerce”的描述为“Villages can sell products to cities easily”，可知电商帮助农民销售产品。 24. “Usage Data”一栏，“Mobile Payment”用户为“860 million”，“Bike-Sharing”用户为“380 million”，两者相减可得相差480 million，可知约4.8亿人。 25. 文章通过数据客观介绍四项发明的特点及使用情况，可知目的是提供信息。 B The brush pen, one of the “Four Treasures of the Study”, was invented thousands of years ago. However, the oldest pen was just a stick or a piece of bamboo. It was difficult for people to write well on thin silk. It is said that Meng Tian, a general of the Kingdom (王国) Qin, improved the pen. When Meng was leading an army to fight against the Kingdom of Chu, he had to report the situation to his king in time. But his pen was too hard and caused him much trouble, so he was thinking of ways to improve it. One day after hunting (狩猎), Meng made his way home with some wild rabbits on horseback. Fat and heavy, one rabbit’s tail (尾巴) left a long trail on the ground when they moved on. Suddenly, a good idea came to his mind when he saw it, “If I tie (系) the rabbit’s hair to a stick, would it be easy to write with?” On arriving home, he tied the rabbit’s hair to a stick and tried writing with it. But the rabbit’s hair was too smooth to write well and wasted a lot of silk. Meng was so disappointed that he threw away his “invention” into a stone hole in the yard. However, Meng never gave up and kept trying all the time. A few rainy days later, he happened to find his“invention” fatter in a stone hole. He picked it up with hope. The brush worked beautifully on silk. It turned out that the special water had cleaned the oil from the hair. Meng succeeded at last. 26. What was the oldest pen like? A. It was only a stick. B. It was a bamboo with an animal’s hair. C. It was like a brush. D. It was just like today’s pen. 27. Why did Meng Tian want to improve the pen? A. Because the king asked him to do so. B. Because he wanted to be an inventor. C. Because he didn’t have silk to write on. D. Because the pen brought him much trouble. 28. What does the underlined word “trail” probably mean? A. A line drawn by someone. B. A picture drawn by someone. C. A mark left by something moving. D. A circle left by something. 29. Which is the right order of improving the brush pen? a. Meng tied the rabbit’s hair to a stick. b. The brush pen could write well. c. The special water washed the oil away. d. Meng dropped the stick into a stone hole. A. b-d-a-c B. a-d-c-b C. b-d-c-a D. a-c-d-b 30. The passage tells us we should ________, if we want to be successful. A. make friends with animals B. use animal’s hair to make something C. value fantastic memories D. keep trying and never give up 【答案】26. A 27. D 28. C 29. B 30. D 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲述了毛笔的发明过程，介绍了最早的笔的样子，蒙恬改进笔的原因，以及他如何通过不断尝试最终成功发明出好用的毛笔。 26. 第一段指出最早的笔的样子：“However, the oldest pen was just a stick or a piece of bamboo.”，这直接说明最早的笔只是一根棍子或一片竹子。 27. 第二段说明蒙恬想改进笔的原因：“But his pen was too hard and caused him much trouble, so he was thinking of ways to improve it.”，因为笔给他带来很多麻烦，所以他想改进笔。 28. 第三段对“trail”一词含义进行推测：“Fat and heavy, one rabbit’s tail (尾巴) left a long trail on the ground when they moved on.”，兔子尾巴又肥又重，当它们移动时在地上留下长长的痕迹，所以“trail”意思是“某物移动留下的痕迹”。 29. 第四段和第五段说明改进毛笔的正确顺序：“On arriving home, he tied the rabbit’s hair to a stick and tried writing with it.”对应a；“Meng was so disappointed that he threw away his ‘invention’ into a stone hole in the yard.”对应d；“It turned out that the special water had cleaned the oil from the hair.”对应c；“The brush worked beautifully on silk.”对应b，所以顺序是a-d-c-b。 30. 最后一段得出启示：“However, Meng never gave up and kept trying all the time. Meng succeeded at last.”，说明如果我们想成功，应该不断尝试，永不放弃。 C Have you ever wondered who invented the umbrella? The umbrella is one of the oldest and most useful inventions, yet its origins are unclear. We do know that it was first used in ancient Egypt, Assyria, and China over 4,000 years ago. In ancient times, umbrellas were not primarily for keeping dry; they were symbols of status and power. Kings and nobles used them to shield themselves from the sun. The first waterproof umbrellas, however, appeared in China during the Zhou Dynasty. These early umbrellas were made of silk or oiled paper stretched over a bamboo frame. They were heavy and expensive, but they worked. The Chinese also developed a collapsible umbrella, which could be folded up when not in use—a design feature we still use today. It wasn’t until the 16th century that umbrellas became popular in Europe. At first, people thought they were silly and unnecessary. Men, in particular, refused to carry them, considering them women’s accessories. However, a man named Jonas Hanway changed that. He carried an umbrella everywhere he went in London for 30 years, despite being mocked. Eventually, people realized how practical it was, and the umbrella became a common sight. Today, the umbrella is an essential item worldwide. From blocking rain to providing shade, it serves many purposes. Its simple design—a canopy on a stick—has remained largely unchanged for centuries. The next time you open an umbrella, remember that you’re using a piece of technology that has been refined over thousands of years. It’s a great idea that truly stood the test of time. 31. What was the primary use of umbrellas in ancient times? A. To keep dry in the rain. B. To shield from the sun. C. To decorate homes. D. To signal for help. 32. What was a key feature of the Chinese umbrella during the Zhou Dynasty? A. It was made of metal. B. It was collapsible. C. It was very cheap. D. It was used only by soldiers. 33. Why did European men initially refuse to carry umbrellas? A. They thought umbrellas were too heavy. B. They believed umbrellas were fragile. C. They saw umbrellas as women’s items. D. They didn’t like the colors of umbrellas. 34. What can we infer about Jonas Hanway? A. He was a fashion designer. B. He was a weather forecaster. C. He was a persistent promoter of the umbrella. D. He was a critic of new inventions. 35. What is the main idea of the passage? A. The history and evolution of the umbrella. B. How to make a waterproof umbrella. C. The differences between Eastern and Western umbrellas. D. Why umbrellas are popular in London. 【答案】31. B 32. B 33. C 34. C 35. A 【导语】文章介绍雨伞四千多年的发展历史，讲述古代雨伞的用途、周朝可折叠防水伞的诞生、16世纪雨伞传入欧洲普及的过程，最后点明雨伞至今仍是实用发明。 【详解】31. 根据原文第一段“In ancient times, umbrellas were not primarily for keeping dry; they were symbols of status and power. Kings and nobles used them to shield themselves from the sun.”，古代雨伞主要用来遮阳。 32. 根据原文第二段“The Chinese also developed a collapsible umbrella, which could be folded up when not in use—a design feature we still use today.”，周朝雨伞的关键特点是可折叠。 33. 根据原文第三段“Men, in particular, refused to carry them, considering them women’s accessories.”，欧洲男性认为雨伞是女性用品，所以拒绝携带。 34. 根据原文第三段“He carried an umbrella everywhere he went in London for 30 years, despite being mocked.”，Jonas Hanway坚持三十年随身带伞，推动雨伞普及，是雨伞的坚定推广者。 35. 全文按照时间顺序梳理雨伞从古埃及、中国周朝到欧洲再到现代的发展历程，主旨是雨伞的历史与演变。 D Many people believe that only talented people can come up with new invention ideas. In fact, it is possible for anyone to have good invention ideas. 36 First, you need to find fields that you know well. You can make a list of them. By making the list, you will find the fields easily. 37 What fields are you good at? You can ask yourself these questions and write down the answers on your list. 38 Your goal is to find what can be improved in your fields. You can ask people around you about their problems, such as your classmates, parents or teachers. If you are too shy to ask, you can use the Internet to get some information. Your new invention ideas need to solve those problems. The next step is to research the market. Once you know the needs, you can start researching. 39 The only thing you can do is to find ways to improve these tools and make them better. If there are no such tools, you can think about creating them. When you have finished all these steps, you will get some interesting ideas. 40 So why not start to have a try now? 根据材料内容, 从下面五个选项中选出能填入文中空缺处的最佳选项, 使文章意思通顺、内容完整。 A. What are you interested in? B. Then, you should try to find the needs and problems. C. Then it will be time for you to create your own inventions D. There may be some tools in the market that can solve the problems E. If you follow these steps, you can have your own invention ideas. 【答案】36. E 37. A 38. B 39. D 40. C 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了普通人产生发明创意的几个实用步骤，告诉读者并非只有天赋出众的人才能想出发明点子，按照步骤操作每个人都能拥有自己的发明想法。 【详解】36. 前文点明任何人都能想出好的发明点子，后文分段介绍具体方法。E选项“如果你遵循这些步骤，就能拥有属于自己的发明想法”起到总起下文、引出下文步骤的作用，衔接上下文。 37. 后文连续设问“What fields are you good at?”，A选项“What are you interested in?”同样是自问句式，和后文问句并列，对应本段“梳理自己熟悉的领域”这一内容，句式、话题匹配。 38. 此处位于段首，为本段中心句。本段主要讲述挖掘身边存在的难题、需求，B选项“然后，你要试着找出需求和问题”概括本段核心内容，起到总领段落的作用。 39. 后文提到“你唯一能做的就是改良这些工具”，句中“these tools”对应 D选项“市场上可能已经存在一些能解决这类问题的工具”里的“some tools”，前后指代呼应，逻辑连贯。 40. 前文讲完成全部步骤后会收获创意，后文发出行动倡议。C选项“接下来就到了你创造属于自己发明的时候”承接前文步骤收尾，引出文末号召，衔接自然。 三、完形填空(15小题，每小题1分，共15分) 先通读短文，掌握其大意，然后从A、B、C、D四个选项中选出一个可以填入相应空白处的最佳答案。 Ma Junhe, a 14-year-old student in Henan Province, made a telescope (望远镜). He only 41 70 yuan on it, but the telescope allowed him to see the craters (环形山) on the moon. What’s more, he got great 42 in the making process. His idea of making this telescope came from his 43 in physics. After learning some knowledge about telescopes in his physics class, he 44 to make one by himself. As he didn’t have a lot of money, he had to be 45 to find what he needed to make the telescope. He bought some materials online, 46 collected the others on his own. “I used an old plastic pipe (塑料管) for the lens cone (镜筒), and it was 47 by my drum stand,” Ma said. Though Ma faced many challenges along the way, his resolution 48 strong. First, he used hardboard to make a lens cone, as taught in 49 , but it didn’t work well. He didn’t know the reason, so he told his 50 to his teacher. With his teacher’s advice, he used a plastic pipe. When he set up these materials, he found that it was much smaller than the pipe’s opening. He had to try many times to make sure it 51 . After failing over 10 times, Ma finally 52 . His telescope has a magnification (放大率) of 90 times, allowing him to see the moon’s craters 53 . “Seeing the moon’s craters through my telescope made me feel so good and I was 54 with the result,” said Ma. “With enough resolution and hard work, even with   55 money, anyone can do something so amazing.” 41. A. spent B. took C. paid D. raised 42. A. pressure B. prize C. pleasure D. worry 43. A. tool B. interest C. introduction D. note 44. A. continued B. forgot C. refused D. decided 45. A. professional B. serious C. creative D. brave 46. A. when B. though C. then D. so 47. A. covered B. matched C. divided D. held 48. A. remained B. turned C. sounded D. looked 49. A. class B. team C. library D. community 50. A. list B. memory C. secret D. doubt 51. A. hit B. filled C. fit D. locked 52. A. passed B. succeeded C. lifted D. scored 53. A. normally B. clearly C. wisely D. slowly 54. A. satisfied B. patient C. good D. strict 55. A. big B. easy C. little D. enough 【答案】 41. A 42. C 43. B 44. D 45. C 46. C 47. D 48. A 49. A 50. D 51. C 52. B 53. B 54. A 55. C 【导语】本文讲述了河南14岁学生马俊赫仅花70元自制望远镜，克服重重困难最终成功观测月球环形山的励志故事。 【详解】41. 句意：他只花了70元在它上面。      原文第一句“He only ______ 70 yuan on it”，表示“在某物上花钱”。spend money on sth.是固定搭配，spent“花费”正确。took的主语通常是it，paid需接for，raised“筹集”不符合语境，故排除。 42. 句意：在制作过程中他获得了巨大的乐趣。      原文“he got great ______ in the making process”，制作望远镜是主动探索，结果应是快乐。pleasure“乐趣”符合。pressure“压力”与上下文积极态度矛盾；prize“奖品”还没得到；worry“担心”不符合语境。 43. 句意：他制作望远镜的想法来自他对物理的兴趣。      原文“His idea... came from his ______ in physics.” 后文说“After learning some knowledge about telescopes in his physics class”，说明他对物理有 interest“兴趣”。tool“工具”搭配 in 不对；introduction“介绍”多指被动接收；note“笔记”不能产生想法。 44. 句意：物理课后他决定自己做一个。    原文“he ______ to make one by himself”。学完知识后，主动决定做。decided“决定”正确。continued“继续” ，forgot“忘记”不合逻辑；refused“拒绝”相反。 45. 句意：他必须有创造力去寻找所需材料。 根据后文用塑料管、鼓架等替代品，体现创意，故选creative“有创造力的”。professional“专业的”；serious“严肃的”；brave“勇敢的”均不能准确概括利用旧物制作的特点。 46. 句意：他网上买了一些材料，然后自己收集了其他的。   原文“He bought some materials online, ______ collected the others.” 动作顺序：先买，后收集。then“然后”表示承接。when“当”表时间，though“虽然”表让步，so“所以”表因果，均不符合。 47. 句意：它被我的鼓架支撑着。      原文“it was ______ by my drum stand”。描述镜筒如何固定，held“支撑、固定”正确。covered“覆盖”不符合；matched“匹配”主语应是两者；divided“分开”相反。 48. 句意：尽管面临许多挑战，他的决心仍然坚定。      原文“his resolution ______ strong”。resolution是决心，remained“保持”表示一直没变。turned“变成”需接形容词；sounded“听起来”用于声音或外表；looked“看起来”用于视觉，故排除。 49. 句意：首先，他按照课堂上教的方法用硬纸板做镜筒。 原文“as taught in ______”。知识来自课堂，class“课堂”正确。team“团队”、library“图书馆”、community“社区”都不符合。 50. 句意：他不知道原因，于是把自己的疑问告诉了老师。    原文“he told his ______ to his teacher”。不知道原因，所以是doubt“疑问”。list“列表”、memory“记忆”、secret“秘密”均不合理。 51. 句意：他不得不尝试很多次以确保它合适。      原文“to make sure it ______”。描述塑料管与开口的匹配，fit“合适”正确。hit“击打”、filled“填充”（fill 是及物，需接宾语）、locked“锁住”均不符合。 52. 句意：在失败十多次后，马终于成功了。      原文“Ma finally ______”。失败多次后成功，succeeded“成功”正确。passed“通过”需接宾语；lifted“举起”；scored“得分”不符合语境，排除。 53. 句意：让他能清楚地看到月球上的环形山。      原文“allowing him to see the moon’s craters ______”。望远镜效果好，clearly“清楚地”正确。normally“正常地”、wisely“明智地”、slowly“缓慢地”都不符合。 54. 句意：我对结果感到满意。     原文“I was ______ with the result”。be satisfied with“对……满意”固定搭配。patient“耐心的”用with表对人；good“好的”用at；strict“严格的”用with表对人。 55. 句意：即使只有很少的钱。   原文“even with ______ money”。与“amazing”对比，强调钱少，little“很少的”正确。big“大的”、easy“容易的”、enough“足够的”都不符合。 四、语篇填空 (15小题，每小题1分，共15分) 第一节 阅读短文，从方框中选择适当的词并用其正确形式填空，使短文通顺、意思完整。每空限填一词，每词限用一次。 drop  like  invention  it  light  see  work  so  movement  careful In ancient China, people were afraid of earthquakes. People wanted to know when earthquakes would come, 56._________ they could run away safely. The Emperor Han ordered Zhang Heng, a smart scientist, to find a good way to make predictions of earthquakes. Zhang Heng remembered 57._________ water move in a bowl when a horse ran by. Water inside waved in the direction of the 58._________. This gave him an idea. He thought, “Maybe earthquakes make waves 59._________ water!” He made a big bronze jar (青铜罐) with eight dragon heads. Each dragon held a metal ball in 60._________ mouth. There was a special stick inside each dragon. When the ground shook, the stick would move and make a dragon drop its ball into a frog’s mouth below. This showed where the earthquake came from. At first, it didn’t 61._________. The stick was too heavy. Zhang Heng used a much 62._________ stick and tried again. One day, the west dragon 63._________ its ball. No one felt the shaking. Four days later, the news came: a big earthquake hit west! Although it couldn’t predict earthquakes, it could provide the direction of earthquakes, which was a great 64._________ of China. It taught us to watch small things 65._________ like Zhang Heng. 【答案】 56. so 57. seeing 58. movement 59. like 60. its 61. work 62. lighter 63. dropped 64. invention 65. carefully 【导语】本文讲述了中国古代科学家张衡受马匹奔跑时碗中水晃动的启发，发明地动仪的故事，介绍了地动仪的工作原理及其历史意义。 【详解】56. 句意：人们想知道地震何时会来，这样他们就能安全地逃跑。前后是因果顺承关系，填连词so。 57. 句意：张衡记得当马跑过时，看到碗里的水会晃动。“remember doing sth. ”表示“记得做过某事”。这里表达张衡记得自己见过水晃动的场景，所以用see的动名词形式seeing。 58. 句意：碗里的水朝着运动的方向波动。the后接名词，根据前文“马跑过”的语境，水的波动方向是马的运动方向，“movement”表示“运动、移动”，符合语境。 59. 句意：他想：“也许地震会让水像这样产生波浪！”此处表示“像什么一样”，使用介词like，符合语境。 60. 句意：每条龙的嘴里都含着一个金属球。此处指代“每条龙的”，需用it的形容词性物主代词its，表示“它的”。 61. 句意：起初，它并不起作用。didn’t后接动词原形，结合语境指仪器不“起作用/运转”，“work”在这里表示“起作用、正常工作”，符合语义。 62. 句意：张衡用了一根更轻的棍子，又试了一次。“much”修饰比较级，且前文提到棍子太重，故填“light”的比较级“lighter”，表示 “更轻的”。 63. 句意：一天，西边的龙掉下了它的球。叙述过去发生的事情，用一般过去时，故填“drop”的过去式“dropped”表示“掉落”。 64. 句意：虽然它不能预测地震，但它能指出地震的方向，这是中国一项伟大的发明。“a great”后接名词单数，指地动仪这项“发明”，故填invention。 65. 句意：它教会我们要像张衡一样仔细地观察小事。空格处修饰动词watch需用副词，形容词“careful”的副词形式“carefully”，表示“仔细地、认真地”，符合语境。 第二节 阅读短文，根据语篇要求填空，使短文通顺、意思完整。每空限填一词。 It’s normal that we use Band-Aids (创可贴) when we cut our fingers by accident. The first Band-Aid 66._________ invented by Earle Dickson in 1921. Dickson’s wife Josephine often cut her fingers in the kitchen. At that time, dealing 67._________ hurt fingers wasn’t easy. Because gauze (纱布) and adhesive tape (胶带) didn’t come together. People had to cut them to the right size. Dickson found 68._________ they were always too big and soon fell off. Once he tried 69._________ put a piece of gauze on the center of a piece of tape. Not only Dickson 70._________ also his wife was surprised to see that the gauze remained there for some time. The first Band-Aid was “born”! 【答案】66. was 67. with 68. that 69. to 70. but 【导语】本文主要介绍创可贴的发明者Earle Dickson发明创可贴的由来与过程。 【详解】66. 句意：第一款创可贴是Earle Dickson在1921年发明的。根据“The first Band-Aid ____ invented by Earle Dickson in 1921.”可知，主语“The first Band-Aid”为单数，时间1921年是过去时间，句子为一般过去时被动语态，be动词用was。 67. 句意：在那个时候，处理受伤的手指并不容易。根据“dealing ____ hurt fingers”可知，deal with是固定搭配，意为“处理、应对”，符合文中处理伤口的语境。 68. 句意：迪克森发现它们总是尺寸太大，很快就会脱落。根据“Dickson found ____ they were always too big and soon fell off.”可知，空格后是完整陈述句，作found的宾语从句，从句句意完整，用引导词that。 69. 句意：有一次，他试着在一段胶带中间放一块纱布。根据“he tried ____ put a piece of gauze on the center of a piece of tape”可知，try to do sth.是固定句型，意为“尽力/尝试做某事”，不定式符号to连接后面动词。 70. 句意：不仅迪克森，他的妻子也很惊讶，纱布能在手上固定一段时间。根据“Not only Dickson ____ also his wife”可知，not only...but also...是固定搭配，意为“不仅……而且……”，用于连接两个并列主语。 五、补全对话 (5小题，每小题2分，共10分) 根据下面对话中的情境，在每个空白处填入一个适当的语句，使对话恢复完整。 A: Hi, Jack! What are you doing here now? B: 71._________________________________. A: Oh, I see. By the way, what’s that on the table? It looks a little strange. B: It is a machine. I bought it online. A: 72._________________________________? B: I bought it about two weeks ago. A: 73._________________________________? B: It is mainly made of metal (金属). But it is not very heavy. A: 74._________________________________? B: It’s used for cutting fruit. A: 75._________________________________. Can you show me? B: Of course. Look! It is very easy to use. A: May I have a try? B: Sure. 【答案】 71. I’m just looking at this 72. When did you buy it 73. What is it made of 74. What is it used for 75. That sounds interesting 【导语】本文是一段关于一台新机器的对话，A询问Jack在做什么、机器何时购买、材质、用途，最后表示感兴趣并请求试用。 【详解】71. A询问B在做什么？可知此处应回答正在进行的动作。结合下文对话围绕桌上的机器展开，且A随后才问桌上是什么，故Jack此处不宜直接说出机器名称，回答I’m just looking at this等描述当前动作的语句。 72. Jack回答大约两周前买的，可知上文应询问购买的时间，需用一般过去时的特殊疑问句，疑问词用When did you buy it等进行询问。 73. Jack回答该机器主要由金属制成，可知答语是关于物品的材质，因此上文应询问它是由什么制成的，需用What is it made of等句子询问。 74. Jack回答是用来切水果的，可知答语是关于物品的用途，因此上文应询问它的用途，固定句型为What is it used for。 75. Jack介绍机器的用途，以及下文A说能展示看看吗？，可知A对该机器产生了兴趣，此处应表达对机器用途的评价或感兴趣，如That sounds interesting。 六、书面表达 (20分) 76. 在科技飞速发展的今天，新发明层出不穷。智能手机（the smartphone）、计算机（the computer）、互联网（the Internet）、人工智能（AI）这些发明，正深刻改变着我们的学习、社交和日常生活。 请你以______ Has Changed My Life a Lot为题，写一篇英语短文，谈谈这项发明对你生活的影响。 内容提示 1. What invention has changed your life a lot? 2. What do you think of the invention? 3. How does it change your life? 注意事项 1.文中不得出现真实的人名、校名等个人信息； 2.标题空格处需补全你要写的发明名称； 3.词数80词左右（给出的开头不计入总词数）。 ________ Has Changed My Life a Lot The invention that has changed my life a lot is ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________【答案】例文① The Internet Has Changed My Life a Lot The invention that has changed my life a lot is the Internet. In the past, I used to buy books in stores and wait for a long time to hear from my pen friends. Now, the Internet makes my life much easier and more colorful. I think it is one of the greatest inventions ever. With it, I can watch movies, play games, read e-books online and chat with friends anytime. It really changes my life for the better and I like the Internet very much. 例文② AI Has Changed My Life a Lot The invention that has changed my life a lot is AI. In the past, I spent hours looking for information in the library or asking teachers for problems. But now, AI has changed my way of learning and living. I think it is not just a cool invention but a powerful helper. With AI, I can use smart learning apps to improve my weak subjects. I can chat with AI robots to practice oral English. Besides, AI can check my study methods and offer good advice on time management. It’s amazing how AI has improved my life! 【详解】写作步骤 [第一步：审题立意] 确定文体：议论文，时态混合一般过去时、现在完成时、一般现在时 明确要点：点明改变生活的发明；表达对该发明的看法；对比过去与现在，说明发明如何改变自身学习生活 确定人称：第一人称 (I/my) 注意事项：标题补全发明名称，词数80左右，开头不计入总词数；不得透露真实姓名、校名等个人信息 [第二步：构思布局] 三段式结构： 开头段：开门见山，点明改变自己生活的发明是AI 主体段：今昔对比，讲述过去学习的麻烦，表达对AI的整体评价 结尾段：分层列举AI在学习上的各类用途，收尾抒发赞叹，升华发明带来的便利 [第三步：要点展开] 要点一：点明核心发明 发明选择：AI 要点二：对发明的看法 评价词汇：a cool invention/a powerful helper/useful/amazing/magical等 衔接短语：not just...but.../more importantly/besides/what’s more/in addition等 要点三：发明如何改变生活 过去状态：spent hours looking for information/asked teachers for problems/took much time to solve difficult problems等 当下用途：improve weak subjects/practice oral English/check study methods/offer advice on time management/help me study effectively/finish lots of work quickly and save my time等 作用效果：changed my way of learning and living/makes study easier/improved my life/made my daily life much more convenient等 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司1 / 14 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $