Unit 4 Amazing Plants and Animals 语法专项精讲精练2026-2027学年人教版英语八年级上册

2026-07-27
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摘要:

**基本信息** 以定语从句(that/which/who)为核心,结合生物多样性热点,构建“概念-应用-易错”三维方法体系,实现语法知识与跨学科主题的融合训练,提升语言运用与文化意识。 **专项设计** |模块|题量/典例|方法提炼|知识逻辑| |----|-----------|----------|----------| |语法精讲|3概念+3热点例句+2易错点|关系词指代规则(人用who/that,物用which/that)、易错点辨析(最高级/不定代词用that)|从基础概念(作用/结构)到场景应用(热点例句),形成“概念生成-原理推导-应用拓展”链条| |精练题|填空5题+单选5题+转换3题+短文10空|语境应用技巧(结合濒危物种等主题选关系词)|通过分层题型(基础填空→辨析单选→综合转换→语篇填空)巩固关系词用法,实现“学-练-用”递进|

内容正文:

八年级英语上册 Unit 4 Amazing Plants and Animals 语法专项精讲精练 一、语法精讲(结合环保、生物多样性热点) 本单元核心语法:定语从句(that/which/who引导),用来描述动植物的特征、习性、生存现状,完美匹配“神奇动植物”的单元主题,也能结合当下的生物多样性保护、濒危物种保护等热点。 1. 定语从句基础概念 作用:修饰名词/代词(先行词),用来补充说明事物或人的特征 结构:先行词 + 关系词(that/which/who) + 从句 关系词用法:  who :指代人,在从句中作主语/宾语  which :指代物,在从句中作主语/宾语  that :可指代人/物,在从句中作主语/宾语(通用型) 2. 热点场景例句(结合动植物保护) (1) 描述濒危动物: The giant panda that lives in Sichuan is a national treasure. (生活在四川的大熊猫是国宝) (2)描述神奇植物: The Venus flytrap which catches insects is a carnivorous plant. (能捕捉昆虫的捕蝇草是食虫植物) (3)描述保护者: The volunteers who protect wild animals are very admirable. (保护野生动物的志愿者们非常令人敬佩) 3. 易错点提醒 先行词是物时, that 和 which 通常可互换,但以下情况只用 that : 先行词被最高级/序数词修饰 先行词是 all/everything/nothing 等不定代词 先行词是人时, who 和 that 通常可互换 二、精练题(每题标注热点主题) (一)用适当的关系词填空(热点:濒危物种、神奇植物) 1. The animal ______ has black and white fur is the giant panda. 2. This is the plant ______ can survive in the desert for a long time. 3. The scientists ______ study coral reefs are worried about ocean pollution. 4. The tree ______ is over 1,000 years old is a natural heritage. 5. The bird ______ we saw in the forest is a rare species. (二)单项选择(热点:生物多样性、生态保护) 1. The butterfly ______ has bright colors is very popular among visitors. A. who B. which C. whom 2. The man ______ works in the wildlife reserve has saved many injured animals. A. which B. who C. whose 3. The flower ______ only blooms at night is called the night-blooming cereus. A. that B. who C. whom 4. — Do you know the animal ______ lives in the Arctic? — Yes, it’s the polar bear. A. which B. who C. whose 5. The researchers ______ we met at the zoo are doing a project on endangered species. A. which B. who C. what (三)句型转换(热点:生态修复、动植物保护) 1. The plant is very rare. It grows in the rainforest.(合并为定语从句) The plant ______ ______ in the rainforest is very rare. 2. The volunteers help injured animals. They work at the animal shelter.(合并为定语从句) The volunteers ______ ______ at the animal shelter help injured animals. 3. The coral reef is dying. It is home to many sea animals.(合并为定语从句) The coral reef ______ ______ home to many sea animals is dying. (四)综合短文填空(10空,括号内给出词或关系词提示,主题:神奇动植物) The world is full of amazing plants and animals. The giant panda 1. ______ (who/that) lives in China is a symbol of peace. The cactus 2. ______ (which/who) grows in deserts can store water for months. The scientists 3. ______ (who/which) study these creatures say they have amazing survival skills. The flower 4. ______ (that/who) blooms once every 12 years is very precious. The bird 5. ______ (which/who) migrates thousands of kilometers every year never gets lost. People 6. ______ (who/which) protect these species are making a difference. The forest 7. ______ (that/who) is home to many animals is being protected now. The sea turtle 8. ______ (which/who) lays eggs on the beach is an endangered animal. The plant 9. ______ (that/who) eats insects is called a pitcher plant. I hope we can all help these amazing living things 10. ______ (that/who) share our planet. 参考答案与解析 (一)用适当的关系词填空 1. 答案:that/which 解析:先行词 the animal 是物,关系词在从句中作主语, that 和 which 都可以指代物并在从句中充当主语,二者通用。 2. 答案:that/which 解析:先行词 the plant 是物,关系词在从句中作主语, that 和 which 均可指代物并作主语,二者通用。 3. 答案:who/that 解析:先行词 the scientists 是人,关系词在从句中作主语, who 专门指代人, that 也可指代人,二者通用。 4. 答案:that/which 解析:先行词 the tree 是物,关系词在从句中作主语, that 和 which 均可指代物并作主语,二者通用。 5. 答案:that/which 解析:先行词 the bird 是物,关系词在从句中作宾语, that 和 which 均可指代物并作宾语,二者通用(口语中关系词也可省略)。 (二)单项选择 1. 答案:B 解析:先行词 the butterfly 是物, who 只能指代人,排除A; whom 只能指代人且在从句中作宾语,排除C; which 可指代物且在从句中作主语,故选B。 2. 答案:B 解析:先行词 the man 是人, which 只能指代物,排除A; whose 表示“谁的”,需在从句中作定语,不符合本题,排除C; who 可指代人且在从句中作主语,故选B。 3. 答案:A 解析:先行词 the flower 是物, who 只能指代人,排除B; whom 只能指代人且在从句中作宾语,排除C; that 可指代物且在从句中作主语,故选A。 4. 答案:A 解析:先行词 the animal 是物, who 只能指代人,排除B; whose 表示“谁的”,不符合本题,排除C; which 可指代物且在从句中作主语,故选A。 5. 答案:B 解析:先行词 the researchers 是人, which 只能指代物,排除A; what 不能引导定语从句,排除C; who 可指代人且在从句中作宾语,故选B。 (三)句型转换 1. 答案:that/which grows 解析:合并后先行词为 the plant (物),关系词在从句中作主语,用 that/which ;原句 It grows 变为从句谓语 grows ,保持主谓一致。 2. 答案:who/that work 解析:合并后先行词为 the volunteers (人),关系词在从句中作主语,用 who/that ;原句 They work 变为从句谓语 work ,保持主谓一致。 3. 答案:that/which is 解析:合并后先行词为 the coral reef (物),关系词在从句中作主语,用 that/which ;原句 It is 变为从句谓语 is ,保持主谓一致。 (四)综合短文填空 1. 答案:that 解析:先行词 the giant panda 是物, who 只能指代人,故用 that 。 2. 答案:which 解析:先行词 the cactus 是物, who 只能指代人,故用 which 。 3. 答案:who 解析:先行词 the scientists 是人, which 只能指代物,故用 who 。 4. 答案:that 解析:先行词 the flower 是物, who 只能指代人,故用 that 。 5. 答案:which 解析:先行词 the bird 是物, who 只能指代人,故用 which 。 6. 答案:who 解析:先行词 people 是人, which 只能指代物,故用 who 。 7. 答案:that 解析:先行词 the forest 是物, who 只能指代人,故用 that 。 8. 答案:which 解析:先行词 the sea turtle 是物, who 只能指代人,故用 which 。 9. 答案:that 解析:先行词 the plant 是物, who 只能指代人,故用 that 。 10. 答案:that 解析:先行词 these amazing living things 同时包含人和物,这种情况只能用 that ,不能用 who 。 学科网(北京)股份有限公司 $

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Unit 4 Amazing Plants and Animals   语法专项精讲精练2026-2027学年人教版英语八年级上册
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Unit 4 Amazing Plants and Animals   语法专项精讲精练2026-2027学年人教版英语八年级上册
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