3.4 Doing Our Part for the Environment-Culture Understanding&Self-Assessment（练习）-《英语 拓展模块》（高教版第三版）【上好课】（原卷版+解析版）

**基本信息** 《英语 拓展模块》（高教版第三版）Unit 3同步练习以环保主题为载体，通过基础-进阶-应用三层设计，实现词汇巩固到综合表达的渐进式知识内化，培养语言应用能力与环保责任意识。 **分层设计** |层次|知识覆盖|设计特色| |----|----------|----------| |基础层|核心词汇（如release, forbid）|词汇填空、首字母填空强化词形转换与拼写，夯实语言基础| |进阶层|语法结构（如固定搭配、从句）|单项选择结合情境对话，阅读理解聚焦污染问题分析，提升语境应用能力| |应用层|语篇组织与书面表达|倡议书写作整合单元词汇（如reduce, recycle），关联校园实际，培养问题解决思维与表达能力|

《英语 拓展模块》（高教版第三版） Unit 3 Doing Our Part for the Environment Understanding&Self-Assessment同步练习 一、词汇填空 从下列词汇里选择合适的单词或词组，用其适当形式填空。 release forbid serious affect nowhere create 1.The new law __________ factories from discharging untreated wastewater into the river. 2.Air pollution can __________ people's health in many ways, especially their breathing system. 3.The government has __________ new policies to encourage the use of electric vehicles. 4.In some remote areas, people have __________ else to go when their land becomes too polluted to farm. 5.Too much carbon dioxide __________ into the atmosphere is one of the main causes of global warming. 6.Noise pollution has become a __________ problem in big cities, affecting millions of residents. 【答案】1. forbids 2. affect 3. created 4. nowhere 5. released 6. serious 【详解】1.句意：新法律禁止工厂将未经处理的废水排入河流。forbid sb. from doing sth. 为固定搭配，意为"禁止某人做某事"，主语为单数，用forbids。 2.句意：空气污染会在很多方面影响人们的健康，尤其是呼吸系统。affect为动词，意为"影响"，符合语境。 3.句意：政府已经制定了新的政策来鼓励使用电动汽车。create policies意为"制定政策"，用过去分词与has构成现在完成时。 4.句意：在一些偏远地区，当土地被污染得无法耕种时，人们无处可去。nowhere else意为"没有其他地方"。 5.句意：释放到大气中的过多二氧化碳是全球变暖的主要原因之一。release...into意为"释放到……"，用过去分词作被动。 6.句意：噪音污染已经成为大城市的一个严重问题。serious意为"严重的"，修饰problem。 二、单项选择 从A、B、C、D四个选项中，选择最佳答案。 1. — The smog is so heavy today that I can hardly see the buildings ahead. — __________. We should all drive less to help reduce air pollution. A. That's all right   B. I couldn't agree more   C. Don't worry about it   D. It doesn't matter 2.The government encourages people __________ clean energy instead of fossil fuels for daily use. A. use   B. to use   C. using   D. used 3.The water in this river is __________ polluted that no fish can survive in it. A. too   B. very   C. such   D. so 4.We should do everything we can __________ the environment from further damage. A. protect   B. to protect  C. protecting  D. protected 5.The number of people using shared bicycles is increasing, __________ helps reduce car emissions. A. who   B. what   C. which   D. whose 6.If we don't take action now, the environmental situation will get __________. A. bad and bad   B. worse and worse   C. more and more bad   D. worst and worst 7.Recycling waste not only saves resources but also __________ the amount of garbage in landfills. A. reduces   B. increases   C. creates   D. releases 8.— __________ will it take for the air quality to improve significantly? — It depends on how much effort we all put into it. A.How long   B. How soon   C. How often  D. How far 【答案】1. B 2. B 3. D 4. B 5. C 6. B 7. A 8. A 【详解】1. 本题考查交际用语。句意为"——今天的雾霾太严重了，我几乎看不清前面的建筑。——__________。我们都应该少开车来帮助减少空气污染。"I couldn't agree more意为"我完全同意"，表示赞同对方的观点。A"没关系"、C"别担心"、D"不要紧"均不符合语境。 2.本题考查非谓语动词。encourage sb. to do sth. 为固定搭配，意为"鼓励某人做某事"，故选to use。 3.本题考查so...that...结构。句意为"这条河被污染得如此严重，以至于没有鱼能存活。"so + 形容词/副词 + that... 意为"如此……以至于……"，符合句子结构。too...to意为"太……而不能"，不符；such修饰名词。 4.本题考查非谓语动词作目的状语。句意为"我们应该尽一切努力保护环境免受进一步损害。"不定式to protect作目的状语，故选B。 5.本题考查定语从句关系词。句意为"使用共享单车的人数在增加，这有助于减少汽车排放。"先行词为前面整个句子，关系词在从句中作主语，用which。 6.本题考查比较级结构。句意为"如果我们现在不采取行动，环境状况将变得越来越糟糕。""比较级+and+比较级"表示"越来越……"，worse and worse符合。 7.本题考查动词辨析。句意为"回收废物不仅节约资源，而且减少了垃圾填埋场的垃圾量。"reduces意为"减少"，符合语境。increases"增加"、creates"创造"、releases"释放"均不符。 8.本题考查疑问词辨析。句意为"——空气质量显著改善需要多长时间？——这取决于我们大家付出多少努力。"答语侧重时间段，How long提问"多长时间"；How soon提问"多久以后"强调起始点，不符。 三、阅读理解 阅读下面短文，选择正确答案。 In recent years, environmental pollution has become one of the most urgent challenges facing humanity. The rapid development of industry and the growing population have contributed to various types of pollution, including air, water, land, and noise pollution. Each type poses unique threats to both human health and the ecosystem. Air pollution, primarily caused by emissions from vehicles and factories, leads to respiratory diseases and contributes to climate change. According to the World Health Organization, over 90% of the world's population breathes polluted air. Water pollution, resulting from industrial wastewater and agricultural chemicals, contaminates drinking water sources and harms marine life. Land pollution, caused by improper disposal of solid waste and excessive use of chemical fertilizers, reduces soil fertility and affects food security. Many countries have recognized the severity of these problems and have implemented measures to address them. Some nations have introduced strict emission standards for vehicles and factories. Others are investing heavily in renewable energy sources such as solar and wind power. Additionally, public awareness campaigns encourage citizens to adopt more sustainable lifestyles, such as reducing plastic use, sorting garbage, and using public transportation. 1.What is the main purpose of the passage? A. To introduce different types of pollution and their causes.   B. To explain why governments should take more responsibility.   C. To discuss pollution problems and call for joint efforts.   D. To compare pollution levels in different countries. 2.According to the passage, what is one major cause of water pollution? A. Emissions from vehicles.   B. Burning fossil fuels.   C. Industrial wastewater and agricultural chemicals.   D. Loud music from entertainment venues. 3.What does the underlined word "contaminates" in paragraph 2 most probably mean? A. Cleans   B. Pollutes   C. Protects   D. Provides 4.Which of the following is NOT mentioned as a measure taken by countries to fight pollution? A. Introducing strict emission standards.   B. Investing in renewable energy sources.   C. Banning all private cars from city centers.   D. Launching public awareness campaigns. 5.According to the passage, why is it important for individuals to take action? Give one reason and suggest one thing you personally can do to help reduce pollution. （开放性问答） 【答案】1. C 2. C 3. B 4. C 5. 开放性回答，参考回答：It is important for individuals to take action because the combined efforts of many people can make a significant difference. Personally, I will reduce my use of disposable plastic products and always carry a reusable water bottle. 【详解】1. 主旨题。文章第一段引出污染问题，第二段详述各类污染及其危害，第三段介绍各国措施，最后一段强调个人责任并呼吁共同行动，整体目的是讨论污染问题并号召共同努力。A选项只覆盖部分内容，B选项片面，D选项未提及。 2.细节题。根据第二段"Water pollution, resulting from industrial wastewater and agricultural chemicals"可知选C。A和B是空气污染的成因，D是噪音污染的来源。 3.词义猜测题。contaminates所在句意为"工业废水和农业化学品污染饮用水源"，结合上下文可知contaminate与pollute同义，意为"污染"。 4.细节题。第三段提到了A、B、D三项措施，C项"禁止所有私家车进入市中心"文中未提及，故选C。 5.言之有理即可。 四、完成句子 根据句意及首字母提示，填写正确的单词。 1.The chemical factory was fined for r__________ harmful waste into the nearby river. 2.Many cities have passed laws to f__________ people from littering in public places. 3.The environmental situation is so s__________ that immediate action must be taken. 4.Climate change has a__________ the global weather patterns. 5.We should c__________ our living habits to reduce the amount of waste we produce. 6.The government is encouraging people to use clean and r__________ energy like solar power. 【答案】1. releasing 2. forbid 3. serious 4. affected 5. change 6. renewable 【详解】1.句意：这家化工厂因向附近河流排放有害废物而被罚款。for doing sth.，故填动名词releasing。 2.句意：许多城市已经通过法律禁止人们在公共场所乱扔垃圾。forbid sb. from doing sth.，填forbid。 3.句意：环境形势如此严峻，必须立即采取行动。so后接形容词，填serious。 4.句意：气候变化已经影响了全球的天气模式, 句中的助动词 has 是现在完成时的标志。现在完成时的结构为 “have/has + 过去分词”。填affected。 5.句意：我们应该改变生活习惯以减少产生的垃圾量。change our habits意为"改变习惯"。 6.句意：政府鼓励人们使用像太阳能这样清洁的可再生能源。renewable energy意为"可再生能源"。 五、书面表达 根据所给情境进行写作。 假设你是某职业技术学校的学生会主席李明。学校正在开展"绿色校园，从我做起"（Green Campus, Start with Me）环保主题活动。请你根据以下要点，写一篇倡议书，呼吁全校师生积极参与环保行动。 写作要点： 1.当前校园中存在的环境问题（如浪费水电、乱扔垃圾、使用一次性塑料制品等）； 2.提出具体的环保行动建议（至少三条）； 3.呼吁大家从日常小事做起，共同保护环境。 要求： 词数80—100词左右； 结构完整，语言通顺，条理清晰； 至少使用本单元所学词汇中的4个（如：pollution, reduce, recycle, responsible, forbid, release, affect, serious 等）。 【答案】（参考范文） Dear teachers and fellow students, Our campus is facing some environmental problems. Some students waste water and electricity, litter everywhere, and use too many disposable plastic products. These actions not only waste resources but also cause serious pollution. To build a greener campus, I suggest we take the following actions. First, remember to turn off lights and taps when not in use. Second, sort our garbage and recycle what we can. Third, bring our own reusable cups and bags instead of using disposable ones. Everyone is responsible for protecting our environment. Let's start from small things and make our campus a better place! Yours sincerely, Li Ming President of the Student Union 【详解】本文为倡议书，格式正确（称呼、正文、署名）。内容完整覆盖了三个要点：列举了校园环境问题（浪费水电、乱扔垃圾、使用一次性塑料制品），提出了三条具体建议（节约水电、垃圾分类、自带杯袋），最后发出呼吁。语言通顺，条理清晰。文中使用了本单元所学词汇：pollution, recycle, responsible, serious等，符合字数要求。 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！ 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 《英语 拓展模块》（高教版第三版） Unit 3 Doing Our Part for the Environment Understanding&Self-Assessment同步练习 一、词汇填空 从下列词汇里选择合适的单词或词组，用其适当形式填空。 release forbid serious affect nowhere create 1.The new law __________ factories from discharging untreated wastewater into the river. 2.Air pollution can __________ people's health in many ways, especially their breathing system. 3.The government has __________ new policies to encourage the use of electric vehicles. 4.In some remote areas, people have __________ else to go when their land becomes too polluted to farm. 5.Too much carbon dioxide __________ into the atmosphere is one of the main causes of global warming. 6.Noise pollution has become a __________ problem in big cities, affecting millions of residents. 二、单项选择 从A、B、C、D四个选项中，选择最佳答案。 1. — The smog is so heavy today that I can hardly see the buildings ahead. — __________. We should all drive less to help reduce air pollution. A. That's all right   B. I couldn't agree more   C. Don't worry about it   D. It doesn't matter 2.The government encourages people __________ clean energy instead of fossil fuels for daily use. A. use   B. to use   C. using   D. used 3.The water in this river is __________ polluted that no fish can survive in it. A. too   B. very   C. such   D. so 4.We should do everything we can __________ the environment from further damage. A. protect   B. to protect  C. protecting  D. protected 5.The number of people using shared bicycles is increasing, __________ helps reduce car emissions. A. who   B. what   C. which   D. whose 6.If we don't take action now, the environmental situation will get __________. A. bad and bad   B. worse and worse   C. more and more bad   D. worst and worst 7.Recycling waste not only saves resources but also __________ the amount of garbage in landfills. A. reduces   B. increases   C. creates   D. releases 8.— __________ will it take for the air quality to improve significantly? — It depends on how much effort we all put into it. A.How long   B. How soon   C. How often  D. How far 三、阅读理解 阅读下面短文，选择正确答案。 In recent years, environmental pollution has become one of the most urgent challenges facing humanity. The rapid development of industry and the growing population have contributed to various types of pollution, including air, water, land, and noise pollution. Each type poses unique threats to both human health and the ecosystem. Air pollution, primarily caused by emissions from vehicles and factories, leads to respiratory diseases and contributes to climate change. According to the World Health Organization, over 90% of the world's population breathes polluted air. Water pollution, resulting from industrial wastewater and agricultural chemicals, contaminates drinking water sources and harms marine life. Land pollution, caused by improper disposal of solid waste and excessive use of chemical fertilizers, reduces soil fertility and affects food security. Many countries have recognized the severity of these problems and have implemented measures to address them. Some nations have introduced strict emission standards for vehicles and factories. Others are investing heavily in renewable energy sources such as solar and wind power. Additionally, public awareness campaigns encourage citizens to adopt more sustainable lifestyles, such as reducing plastic use, sorting garbage, and using public transportation. 1.What is the main purpose of the passage? A. To introduce different types of pollution and their causes.   B. To explain why governments should take more responsibility.   C. To discuss pollution problems and call for joint efforts.   D. To compare pollution levels in different countries. 2.According to the passage, what is one major cause of water pollution? A. Emissions from vehicles.   B. Burning fossil fuels.   C. Industrial wastewater and agricultural chemicals.   D. Loud music from entertainment venues. 3.What does the underlined word "contaminates" in paragraph 2 most probably mean? A. Cleans   B. Pollutes   C. Protects   D. Provides 4.Which of the following is NOT mentioned as a measure taken by countries to fight pollution? A. Introducing strict emission standards.   B. Investing in renewable energy sources.   C. Banning all private cars from city centers.   D. Launching public awareness campaigns. 5.According to the passage, why is it important for individuals to take action? Give one reason and suggest one thing you personally can do to help reduce pollution. （开放性问答） 四、完成句子 根据句意及首字母提示，填写正确的单词。 1.The chemical factory was fined for r__________ harmful waste into the nearby river. 2.Many cities have passed laws to f__________ people from littering in public places. 3.The environmental situation is so s__________ that immediate action must be taken. 4.Climate change has a__________ the global weather patterns. 5.We should c__________ our living habits to reduce the amount of waste we produce. 6.The government is encouraging people to use clean and r__________ energy like solar power. 五、书面表达 根据所给情境进行写作。 假设你是某职业技术学校的学生会主席李明。学校正在开展"绿色校园，从我做起"（Green Campus, Start with Me）环保主题活动。请你根据以下要点，写一篇倡议书，呼吁全校师生积极参与环保行动。 写作要点： 1.当前校园中存在的环境问题（如浪费水电、乱扔垃圾、使用一次性塑料制品等）； 2.提出具体的环保行动建议（至少三条）； 3.呼吁大家从日常小事做起，共同保护环境。 要求： 词数80—100词左右； 结构完整，语言通顺，条理清晰； 至少使用本单元所学词汇中的4个（如：pollution, reduce, recycle, responsible, forbid, release, affect, serious 等）。 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！ 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $