Unit3Same or Different 自主预习学案2026-2027学年人教版英语八年级上册

该初中英语导学案紧扣人教版八上Unit3“Same or Different”，聚焦形容词/副词比较级、原级as…as结构，围绕人物外貌、性格等对比及朋友异同话题展开。通过课前预习的核心词汇表、短语整理和情境自测，搭建学习支架，衔接形容词原级旧知与比较级新知，引导学生自主构建知识脉络。 资料以分层训练（A/B/C层）、写作模板及高频易错清单为特色，助力学生提升语言能力（语法运用与写作表达），培养思维品质（理性对比分析异同），发展学习能力（自主预习与精准突破）。原创习题贴合教材，结构完整，既便于学生自主学习，也为教师教学提供有效支持。

紧扣人教版八上英语Unit3教材，按照课前预习、基础过关、重难点突破、预习自测、总结反思的完整学案结构编写，贴合自主学习需求，精准覆盖单元基础与核心重难点。 人教版八年级上册Unit3 Same or Different 自主预习学案 适配教材：2024 人教版八年级上册 Unit3 单元主题：Same or Different? 核心大问题 Big Question：How do we compare with each other? 单元学习目标 1. 话题：人物外貌、性格、爱好、能力对比；探讨朋友应当相似还是不同；个人成长变化 2. 交际：使用形容词 / 副词比较级、原级 as…as 结构进行人、事物对比 3. 语法：形容词、副词比较级；原级比较结构 as … as 4. 素养：学会理性看待人与人之间的相同与差异，尊重不同，取长补短 第一部分 课前自主预习 一、单元核心词汇（音标 + 考点原创整理，匹配课本词表） 表格 单词 音标 词性 释义 考点 & 课本搭配 outgoing /ˌaʊtˈɡəʊɪŋ/ adj. 外向的 反义词 shy；比较级 more outgoing hard-working /ˌhɑːd ˈwɜːkɪŋ/ adj. 勤奋的 比较级 more hard-working serious /ˈsɪəriəs/ adj. 严肃的；认真的 more serious slim /slɪm/ adj. 苗条的；纤细的 slimmer（比较级） perform /pəˈfɔːm/ v. 表演；执行 perform alone 独自表演；n. performance solve /sɒlv/ v. 解决；解答 solve problems 解决问题 flute /fluːt/ n. 长笛 play the flute 吹长笛 personality /ˌpɜːsəˈnæləti/ n. 性格；个性 近义词 character strength /streŋθ/ n. 优势；长处；力量 反义词 weakness population /ˌpɒpjuˈleɪʃn/ n. 人口 询问人口：What’s the population of… average /ˈævərɪdʒ/ adj.&n. 平均（的） average height 平均身高 spare /speə(r)/ adj. 空闲的 spare time 空闲时间 pleasure /ˈpleʒə(r)/ n. 愉快；乐事 get great pleasure from… 从…… 获得乐趣 difference /ˈdɪfrəns/ n. 差异；不同 adj. different；differences between…… 之间的差异 alike /əˈlaɪk/ adj.&adv. 相像的（地） look alike 看起来相像 mirror /ˈmɪrə(r)/ n. 镜子 A good friend is like a mirror. humour /ˈhjuːmə(r)/ n. 幽默；幽默感 have a sense of humour 有幽默感 straightforward /ˌstreɪtˈfɔːwəd/ adj. 坦率的；直接的 近义词 honest honest /ˈɒnɪst/ adj. 诚实的；坦诚的 an honest friend 真诚的朋友 novel /ˈnɒvl/ n. 长篇小说 read novels 读小说 exchange /ɪksˈtʃeɪndʒ/ v.&n. 交换 exchange ideas 交流想法 二、单元核心短语（全部选自 Section A、Section B 对话与阅读原文） 1. have … in common 有共同之处 2. as … as … 和…… 一样……（原级比较） 3. thanks to 归功于；由于 4. make a mistake 犯错误 5. spare time 空闲时间 6. a sense of humour 幽默感 7. perform alone 独自表演 8. solve the problem 解决问题 9. learn from each other 互相学习 10. respect differences 尊重差异 11. lend a hand 伸出援手；帮忙 12. see the silver lining 看到困境中积极的一面 三、预习自测（原创情境填空） 1. My sister is more o________ than me. She likes talking with strangers.（外向的） 2. We have many things i________ c________, so we become good friends. 3. Tom is as s________ as his brother. They both take study seriously.（认真的） 4. We should r________ others’ differences and learn from each other.（尊重） 5. I get great p________ from reading novels in my free time.（愉悦，乐趣） 预习自测答案 1. outgoing 2. in common 3. serious 4. respect 5. pleasure 第二部分 课堂精讲探究 一、单元核心交际句型（教材原句拆解 + 仿写练习） 句型 1 两者比较（比较级句型） 课本原句：Emma is taller than Ella, but her hair is shorter than Ella’s. 基础结构：A + be / 实义动词 + 比较级 + than + B 仿写：I run faster than my deskmate. 句型 2 原级同级比较 as … as 课本原句：I work as hard as her. ✅ 肯定式：A + 动词 + as + 原级 + as + B ❌ 否定式：A + 动词 + not as/so + 原级 + as + B 仿写：She is not as outgoing as me. 句型 3 选择疑问句，对比两人特长 课本原句：Who dances better, Ella or Emma? 结构：Who + 比较级，A or B? 仿写：Who sings more beautifully, Lily or Lucy? 句型 4 阅读经典观点句（Section B 论坛文本） A good friend is like a mirror. 好朋友就像一面镜子。 拓展写作句：Friends can help us see our strengths and weaknesses. 句型 5 因果句型 Thanks to her, I am becoming more outgoing. 多亏了她，我变得更加外向。 二、核心语法精讲：形容词 & 副词比较级 + as…as 结构 模块 1 比较级变化规则 1. 规则变化 · 一般直接加 -er：tall → taller；fast → faster · 以 e 结尾只加 -r：late → later；slim → slimmer · 重读闭音节 “辅 + 元 + 辅” 双写尾字母：big → bigger；thin → thinner · 辅音字母 + y 结尾，变 y 为 i+er：heavy → heavier；easy → easier · 多音节词 / 部分双音节词前加 more：more outgoing；more hard-working；more seriously 1. 不规则变化（单元高频） good/well → better much/many → more 模块 2 两大核心句式 1. 比较级句型（两者对比） 主语 + be /v. + 比较级 + than + 对比对象 注意：前后比较对象保持一致，避免错句 ✅ Her hair is shorter than Ella’s.（=Ella’s hair） 1. 原级比较 as … as 肯定：as + 原级 + as 否定：not as /so + 原级 + as ⚠️ as…as 中间必须使用形容词、副词原形，不能用比较级 模块 3 易混提醒 · more hard-working（正确）；hard-workinger（错误） · better 已经是比较级，不能说 more better 第三部分 重难点专项突破 一、高频易错清单 1. 比较级搭配错误：as taller as（×） → as tall as（√） 2. 比较对象不一致：My bag is bigger than you（×）→ than yours（√） 3. 多音节形容词变形：outgoinger（×）→ more outgoing（√） 4. much 可以修饰比较级：much taller 高得多；不能修饰原级 5. population 提问只用 what，不用 how many ❌ How many is the population? ✅ What’s the population of the city? 二、分层专项训练 突破 1：形容词 / 副词正确形式填空 1. Peter is ________ (outgoing) than Chen Jie. 2. Ella dances ________ (well) than Emma. 3. I am not as ________ (serious) as my best friend. 4. This novel is ________ (interesting) than that one. 答案：1.more outgoing 2.better 3.serious 4.more interesting 突破 2：句型改写 1. Tom runs fast. Jim runs faster.（合并一句） Jim runs ________ ________ Tom. 2. Lily is tall. Lucy is as tall as Lily.（同义句） Lucy is ________ ________ Lily. 答案：1.faster than 2.as tall as 突破 3：短文选词填空（贴合 Section B 阅读话题） Friends can be similar or different. Matt thinks friends should be a________ a mirror. He and his friend have many things in c________. Diana thinks differences make people b________. We should respect the d________ between friends and learn from each other. 答案：like; common; better; differences 第四部分 分层梯度同步习题（全部原创） A 层 基础巩固（全员必做） 一、单词拼写 1. My brother is more h________ than me. He always finishes homework on time. 2. Who sings l________, Ella or Emma?（更大声） 3. We have many differences, but we still learn f________ each other. 4. A good friend is like a m________. It helps you know yourself. 二、单项选择 1. —Who is ________, Tom or Sam? —Sam. He talks more with classmates. A. outgoing B. more outgoing C. most outgoing 2. I run as ________ as my cousin. A. fast B. faster C. fastest 3. Her hair is shorter than ________. A. me B. I C. mine 4. Thanks ________ my friend, I become braver. A. for B. to C. at 答案 单词：1.hard-working 2.louder 3.from 4.mirror 单选：1.B 2.A 3.C 4.B B 层 能力提升（单元检测难度） 中英互译 1. 好朋友就像一面镜子，相似的爱好让我们走得更近。 2. 我们应当尊重人与人之间的差异，并互相学习。 参考译文 1. A good friend is like a mirror. Similar hobbies bring us closer. 2. We should respect differences between people and learn from each other. C 层 综合拓展・短文填空（统考题型） My best friend is Lin Jia. She is ________ (slim) than me, and she is ________ (outgoing). We are as hard-working ________ each other. She plays the flute ________ (well) than me. Though we have some ________ (different), we always help and learn from each other. 答案：slimmer; more outgoing; as; better; differences 第五部分 单元写作板块（匹配课本 3c 写作任务：论坛回帖，表达交友观点） 写作话题：Should friends be similar or different? 原创满分范文（融合单元全部核心语法、词汇） I don’t mind whether my friends are similar to me or different from me. Some friends share the same hobbies with me. We have a lot in common. We can enjoy activities together and understand each other easily. However, friends with different personalities also make my life richer. My best friend is quieter than me. She listens more carefully, and I become calmer when staying with her. Thanks to her, I learn to think twice before speaking. I believe the most important thing in friendship is honesty and care. Similarities bring joy, while differences help us grow. We are different, but we can become stronger together. 三段式写作模板（考场直接套用） 1. 开头：清晰亮出你的观点（支持相似 / 支持不同 / 两者都无所谓） 2. 主体：结合个人例子，使用比较级、as…as 句型对比你和朋友；写出相同 / 不同带来的收获 3. 结尾：升华主旨，点明友谊真正重要的东西，呼应单元金句 单元考前复盘速记清单 1. 词汇：性格形容词（outgoing/serious/hard-working/honest）、对比类名词 difference/similarity、短语 have…in common、thanks to 2. 语法核心：形容词副词比较级；as…as 原级比较；比较对象一致性 3. 话题主线：对比人物外貌、性格、特长；辩论朋友相似还是不同；学会尊重差异 4. 写作得分技巧：灵活使用比较级；恰当运用 A good friend is like a mirror 等课文金句；结尾升华 “We are different, but we can be stronger together.” 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $