2025-2026学年高一英语下学期人教版选择性必修第一册 Unit 5 Working the Land 高一升高二暑假作业26

**基本信息** 聚焦Unit 5词汇、句法及语篇综合能力，通过双向词汇互译、词块匹配、语法维度对比及高考真题演练，构建“词汇-词块-句法-语篇”递进逻辑，强化语言能力与思维品质。 **综合设计** |模块|题量/典例|方法提炼|知识逻辑| |----|-----------|----------|----------| |词汇（英译汉/汉译英）|各32题|双向互译强化记忆|基础词汇积累，为后续语篇理解奠基| |词块认读|9组|中英匹配巩固语境应用|词汇向语用转化，衔接词汇与语篇| |语法（定语从句与名词性从句）|4维度对比+15道高考真题|四维度对比法（定义功能、句法成分、引导词、结构特点）+真题演练|句法规则深化，从概念辨析到高考应用| |七选五|5题|语境逻辑分析法（上下文呼应、段落衔接）|语篇结构理解，提升信息匹配能力| |完形填空|15题|上下文语义推理+词汇辨析|语篇综合运用，融合词汇、语法与逻辑思维|

作业26. （预习）选择性必修一 Unit 5 (2) I. Unit 5 英译汉（2） 1. 1. vision n. _____________ 2. reality n. _______________ 3. salty adj ________________ 4. urban adj _____________ 5. bomb n. v ______________ 6. tunnel n. _______________ 7. extension n. _____________ 8. chemical adj n. _____________ 9. wheat n. ________________ 10. flavor n. _____________ 11. fertilizer n. _____________ 12. nutritional adj ________________ 13. nutritious adj _______________ 14. nutrition n. ______________ 15. alleviate vt ______________ 16. poverty n. ______________ 17. organic adj ________________ 18. pesticide n. _____________ 19. widespread a _____________ 20. bacterium n. ________ 21. in turn _______________ 22. digest vt.&vi. n. ______________ 23. essential adj _____________ 24. mineral n. _____________ 25. alternative n. adj __________ 26. grocery n. ______________ 27. instance n. _____________ 28. For instance __________ 29. depth n. ______________ 30. root n. _______________ 31. entirely adv _____________ 32. aspect n. ______________ 33. Vietnam ______________ 34. LED abbr. (light-emitting diode)_________ II. Unit 5英译汉（2） 1. 2. ____________ n. 想象；视野 3. ______________ n. 现实 4. __________ adj. 含盐的 5. __________ adj. 城市的 6. ________ n. v . 炸弹；轰炸 7. ____________ n. 地下通道 8. _____________ n. 扩建部分 9. ________________ adj. n. 与化学有关的；化学品 10. __________ n. 小麦 11. ____________ n. 味道 12. _____________ n. 肥料 13. _____________ adj. 营养（物）的 14. _____________ adj. 有营养的 15. _____________ n. 营养 16. _____________ vt. 减轻 17. ______________ n. 贫穷 18. ______________ adj. 有机的 19. _____________ n. 杀虫剂 20. _____________ adj . 分布广的 21. _____________ n. 细菌 22. ______________ 相应地；转而；依次；轮流 23. ____________ vt. ＆vi n. 消化；领会 24. _____________ adj. 完全必要的 25. ______________n. 矿物；矿物质 26. _____________ n. adj. 可供选择的事物 27. ______________ n. 食品杂货店 28. ________________ n. 例子； 29. _______________ 例如；比如 30. __________ n. 深（度） 31. ________ n. 根源 32. ________________adv. 完全地 33. ____________ n. 方面 III. 词块认读。 1. a widespread use of chemical fertilizers and pesticides 2. contain less nutrition flavor and essential minerals 3. a batch of wheat 4. bacteria helping people digest food 5. alleviate poverty 6. be rooted in the depths of soil 7. an extension of urban tunnel construction 8. an entirely different aspect 9. adopt organic farming as an alternative 化学肥料和农药的广泛使用 包含较少营养成分、风味及必需矿物质 一批小麦 有助于人体消化食物的益生菌 缓解贫困问题 植根于土壤深处 城市隧道建设的延伸工程 一个完全不同的方面 采用有机农业作为替代方案 IV. 语法部分--定语从句和名词性从句的区别。 定语从句和名词性从句是英语复合句中的两类重要从句，核心区别可从定义功能、句法成分、引导词、结构特点四个维度对比： 一、定义与核心功能不同 名词性从句：功能相当于名词，在复合句中充当主语、宾语、表语、同位语等核心成分，主要作用是“陈述一件事”（如“我知道这件事”“这件事很重要”）。 包含4类：主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句、同位语从句 定语从句：功能相当于形容词，专门修饰先行词（名词/代词），对先行词的性质、特征、身份等进行限定或描述，核心作用是“修饰一个对象”。 分为限制性（不可或缺）和非限制性（补充说明）两类 二、在句中的成分不同 名词性从句：直接充当主句的主语、宾语、表语、同位语（如“What he said is true”中，从句作主语；“I know that he will come”中，从句作宾语） 定语从句：紧跟先行词，在复合句中不独立充当主句成分，仅对先行词起修饰作用（如“The book that I bought is interesting”中，从句修饰“book”，本身不充当主句的主/宾/表成分） 三、引导词不同 类型 引导词特点 典型引导词 名词性从句 用连接词/关联词引导，引导词在从句中可充当成分（如主语、宾语），也可无实义（仅起连接作用） what（作成分）、who（作成分）、that（无实义）、whether/if（引导宾语从句）等 定语从句 用关系词（关系代词/关系副词）引导，关系词必须代替先行词在从句中充当成分（主语、宾语、状语等） that/which（代物）、who/whom（代人）、whose（表所属）、when/where/why（表时间/地点/原因）等 关键区别： what 只能引导名词性从句，不能引导定语从句（如“Tell me what you want”是宾语从句，无“what you want is true”这种定语从句用法） 定语从句的关系词必须与先行词有逻辑关联（如“where”对应地点先行词，“when”对应时间先行词），而名词性从句的引导词仅负责连接主从句。 四、结构特点不同 名词性从句：结构相对独立，从句本身是完整的主谓结构（或省略结构），仅通过引导词与主句连接，无“先行词”概念。 定语从句：必须依附于先行词存在，结构为“先行词 + 关系词 + 从句”，关系词同时承担“连接主从句”和“代替先行词在从句中充当成分”的双重作用 典型例句对比 名词性从句（宾语从句）： I don’t know where he lives.（“where he lives”作“know”的宾语，陈述“他住哪”这件事） 定语从句： I don’t know the man who lives next door.（“who lives next door”修饰“the man”，限定“隔壁的那个男人”） 即学即练： 1.（2025年全国高考一卷）An exhibition at the Jiushi Art Museum in Shanghai is featuring artwork inspired by Go, or weiqi in Chinese, ________ originated in China more than 4,000 years ago.  2.（2025年全国高考二卷）I was born and raised in Cleveland, Ohio in the United States. Yet now, I live in the countryside of Zhejiang, China with my Chinese husband and his family, ________ bamboo and tea bushes (灌木) grow wild in the mountains, chickens are always free-range, and central heating doesn’t exist.  3.（2025年1月浙江首考）Tanya is also looking beyond special-occasion dresses to less formal clothing, ________ she plans to package as capsule wardrobes and offer to travellers, such as those headed to weddings abroad, with a longer-term rental period.  4.（2025高考北京卷）The truth, though, is ________ could be guessed — there’s never anyone else here. Just me, Nick, and the quiet forest. 5.（2025高考北京卷）However, according to a report by the World Wildlife Fund, tourists left over 1.3 billion tons of food waste last year, ________ accounted for about 8% of the total global gas release in 2024.  6. （2024·新高考I卷）The Glasshouse stands as a great achievement in contemporary design, to house the plants of the southwestern part of China at the end of a path retracing (追溯) the steps along the Silk Route ________ brought the plants from their native habitat in Asia to come to define much of the richness of gardening in England. 7.（2024·新高考II卷）Chinese cultural elements commemorating (纪念) Tang Xianzu, ______ is known as “the Shakespeare of Asia,” add an international character to Stratford-upon-Avon, William Shakespeare’s hometown.  8.（2024·新高考II卷）Of course, shops are not charities — they price goods in the way ________ will make them the most money.  9.（2024·新高考II卷） If most of their customers are happy to buy larger quantities, that’s ________ they’ll promote. But that leaves the solo (单独) customers out of pocket and disappointed.  10.（2023·全国甲卷）Yet, the form of the fable still has values today,    _______________ Rachel Carson says in “A Fable for Tomorrow”. 11.（2023·全国甲卷）Yellowstone was the largest United States national park—2.2 million acres—until Wrangell-Saint Elias in southern Alaska, _________ became a national monument in 1978, took the honors as a national park in 1980 with 12.3 million acres. 12.（2023·全国甲卷）“There was once a town in the heart of America,    _________ all life seemed to enjoy peaceful existence with its surroundings,” her fable begins, borrowing some familiar words from many age-old fables.  13.（2023·全国甲卷）She even played some recordings of their singing, what was fun.  14.（2023·全国甲卷）But for all its ancient buildings, Beijing is also a place________ welcome the fast-paced development of modern life, with 21st-century architectural wonders standing side by side with historical buildings of the past. 15.（2023·全国乙卷） The color she chose came in a box which had a picture of a woman ____________ hair color looked just perfect.  V. 七选五。 Unusual weather this summer has hurt many gardens in the United States. For many, the problem is too much rain. ____1___ Do you still want to grow tomatoes or roses in that sunny place? It can be done. We will look at three ways you can correct the problem of too much water. One way is to drain the water away to some lower location. The simplest way is with a ditch, or, if your garden is large, a few ditches. Ditches crossing your garden need not be unpleasant to look at or troublesome. Picture a garden in which flat stones line ditches and form bridges across ditches that cross paths. ____2____ These waterways may look like a classic Persian garden. ____3____ Dig a ditch, as described above, then lay in black pipe that is about 10centimeters across its width. Available at home and building stores, the pipe is made to bend easily, and the holes in it let in water. Cover the pipe with a piece of cloth that water can pass through to keep out dirt and a layer of small stones. ____4____ A third way to give your plants more air is to raise them above the water. Trees and bushes can be planted on raised piles of soil, often called “beds.” The beds need to be wide enough to allow roots to spread. ___5___ If you want a bigger plant, give its roots more room to grow. To make a raised bed, build a box at least 15 centimeters high of wood or stone. A. Then place the soil. B. You have a variety of plants to choose from. C. Do you want to keep your garden where it is? D. Do you know how to shelter your garden in the sun? E. The whole system can be a beautiful water “feature”. F. How wide depends on the eventual size of the plant. G. Another way is to bury pipes with small holes underground. VI. 完形填空。 A 12-year-old girl from Michigan is fighting for making laws to build public restrooms more accessible for the disabled. Good Morning America first ____1____ Zoey Harrison’s story on TV in 2018 when she helped save time after her mom invented the Bodycoat — a special coat for children who use ___2____ like Zoey. The first bill Zoey introduced to State Representative Graham Filler in 2019 ___3____ increasing accessibility in ____4____ restrooms. The second suggested adding ____5____ directions to accessible restrooms to the Michigan’s government website so people with disabilities know where the most ____6____ ones are and plan trips with their ___7____ . Mom Jennifer Harrison of Ithaca, Michigan, told Good Morning America that she ___8____ Zoey when Zoey was a 1-year-old in an orphanage (孤儿院). “I’m ___9____ by her so much.” Harrison said. “Disability doesn’t stop her from reaching her ___10____ to help a whole bunch of people and she has no ____11____ to speak up.” Zoey would also like to see more family restrooms and ___12____ maps so people know where to find them. She hopes to visit amusement parks, restaurants, stores and ____13____ the public equipment. If they meet Zoey’s approval as well as that of the checklist’s under her proposed bills, those places would ____14____ an official “Z-seal of approval”. Her message to fellow kids: “Always be kind and ____15____ and no matter what, you can make a difference.” 1. A. reported B. interviewed C. described D. written 2. A. flashlights B. glasses C. phones D. wheelchairs 3. A. took up B. turned down C. focused on D. put off 4. A. beautiful B. public C. new D. decorated 5. A. traditional B. clear C. private D. individual 6. A. suitable B. expensive C. enjoyable D. modern 7. A. pets B. teachers C. families D. fans 8. A. abandoned B. knew C. blamed D. adopted 9. A. disappointed B. amazed C. puzzled D. excited 10. A. goals B. standards C. stages D. agreements 11. A. humor B. courage C. patience D. shyness 12. A. sell B. preserve C. create D. change 13. A. repair B. destroy C. examine D. touch 14. A. borrow B. purchase C. refuse D. receive 15. A. nervous B. helpful C. intelligent D. handsome 作业26. （预习）选择性必修一 Unit 5 (2) Unit 5 英译汉（2） 2. 1. 想象；视野 2. 现实 3. 含盐的 4. 城市的 5. 炸弹；轰炸 6. 地下通道 7. 扩建部分 8.与化学有关的；化学品 9. 小麦 10. 味道 11. 肥料 12. 营养（物）的 13. 有营养的14. 营养 15. 减轻 16. 贫穷 17. 有机的 18. 杀虫剂 19. 分布广的 20. 细菌 21. 转而；依次 22. 消化；领会 23. 完全必要的 24. 矿物；矿物质 25. 可供选择的事物 26. 食品杂货店 27. 例子； 28. 例如；比如 29. 深（度） 30. 根源 31. 完全地 32. 方面 Unit 5汉译英（2） 34. 1. vision 2. reality 3. salty 4. urban 5. bomb 6. tunnel 7. extension 8. chemical 9. wheat 10. flavor 11. fertilizer 12. nutritional 13. nutritious 14. nutrition 15. alleviate 16. poverty 17. organic 18. pesticide 19. widespread 20. bacterium 21. in turn 22. digest 23. essential 24. mineral 25. alternative 26. grocery 27. instance 28. for instance 29. depth 30. root 31. entirely 32. aspect III. 词块认读。 IV. 语法部分。 1. which 2. where 3. which 4. what 5. which 6. which/that 7.who 8.that/which 9.what 10. as 11. which 12. where 13. what→which 14. that/which 15. whose V. 七选五。 【答案】1. C 2. E 3. G 4. A 5. F 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。介绍夏季雨水过多的时候，在花园里如何排水和种植植物。 1. 本空前提到“For many, the problem is too much rain. (大多数的花园现在面临的问题是积水太多。)”以及后文“Do you still want to grow tomatoes or roses in that sunny place? It can be done.(你还想在那个阳光明媚的地方种西红柿或玫瑰吗？这是可以做到的。)”可知，本句与空后并列，是一个关于花园的问句，故C选项“你想把你的花园保留在原处吗？”符合语境，故选C。 2. 根据上文“Picture a garden in which flat stones line ditches and form bridges across ditches that cross paths. (想象一个花园，平坦的石头沿着沟渠排列，在沟渠和小路之间架起桥梁。)”可知，上文主要是关于如何美化花园的沟渠，故E选项“整个系统可以是一个美丽的‘水景’。”符合语境，故选E。 3. 根据后文“Dig a ditch, as described above, … and a layer of small stones. (挖一条沟，如上所述，然后铺设宽约10厘米的黑色管道。在家里和建筑商店都可以买到，这种管道很容易弯曲，上面的洞可以让水进来。用一块布覆盖管道，水可以通过，以防止污垢和一层小石头。)”可知，本段主要内容是建议在地下埋置带有小孔的管道来排水，是文中提出的第二种方法，G选项中Another way呼应第二段开头的One way和第四段的 A third way。故G选项“另一种方法是在地下埋置带有小孔的管道。”符合语境，故选G。 4. 本段主要建议在地下埋置带有小孔的管道来排水，空格前提到“Cover the pipe with a piece of cloth … a layer of small stones. (在管道上覆盖一层可以让水通过的织物，以防灰尘和小石块进入。)”可知，下文就应该开始埋置管子的收尾工作，故A选项“然后把土壤铺上”符合语境，故选A。 5. 上文提到“The beds need to be wide enough to allow roots to spread. (植床必须足够宽，以便植物根系蔓延。)”以及后文提到“If you want a bigger plant, give its roots more room to grow. (如果你想要一棵更大的植物，给它的根更多的生长空间。)”可知，本句是在说明宽度对于植物生长的影响。故F选项“宽度取决于这个植物最终生长的规模。”符合语境，故选F。 VI. 完形填空。 【答案】1. A 2. D 3. C 4. B 5. B 6. A 7. C 8. D 9. B 10. A 11. D 12. C 13. C 14. D 15. B 【导语】本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。文章主要讲述了残障女孩佐伊·哈里森向政府官员提议增设公共卫生间，并希望在政府的网站上标注残障人士可用的卫生间的故事。 1. 句意：2018年，《早安美国》首次在电视上报道了佐伊·哈里森的故事，当时她的妈妈发明了一种专为像佐伊这样坐轮椅的儿童设计的特殊外套“Bodycoat”，帮助节省了时间。A. reported报道；B. interviewed采访；C. described描述；D. written写。根据下文中的“on TV”可知，《早安美国》在2018年首次报道了Zoey Harrison的故事。故选A。 2. 句意同上。A. flashlights手电筒；B. glasses眼镜；C. phones电话；D. wheelchairs轮椅。根据前文“A 12-year-old girl from Michigan is fighting for making laws to build public restrooms more accessible for the disabled.”和第三段中的“Disability doesn’t stop her from reaching her ____10____ to help a whole bunch of people and she has no ____11____ to speak up.”可知，Zoey是一名残障儿童，因此可知Zoey的母亲发明了一种特制外套Bodycoat，专供像Zoey一样使用轮椅的儿童使用。故选D。 3. 句意：2019年，佐伊向州众议员格雷厄姆·菲尔提出的第一项议案聚焦于提高公共厕所的可访问性。A. took up占据；B. turned down拒绝；C. focused on集中；D. put off推迟。根据下文“increasing accessibility in ____4____ restrooms”可知，Zoy第一个提案集中在提升公共卫生间的无障碍性上。故选C。 4. 句意：2019年，佐伊向州众议员格雷厄姆·菲尔提出的第一项议案聚焦于提高公共厕所的可访问性。A. beautiful漂亮的；B. public公共的；C. new新的；D. decorated装饰的。根据第一段第一句“A 12-year-old girl from Michigan is fighting for making laws to build public restrooms more accessible for the disabled.”可知，Zoey第一个提案的重点是提升公共卫生间的无障碍性。故选B。 5. 句意：第二项建议在密歇根政府网站上添加无障碍厕所的明确指示，以便残疾人士知道最合适的厕所在哪里，并计划与家人一起旅行。A. traditional传统的；B. clear清楚的，明确的；C. private私密的；D. individual个人的。根据下文中的“directions to accessible restrooms to the Michigan’s government website so people with disabilities know...”可知，Zoey的第二个提案是增加可使用的洗手间的明确指示帮助残疾人。故选B。 6. 句意同上。A. suitable合适的；B. expensive昂贵的；C. enjoyable快乐的；D. modern现代的。根据上文“directions to accessible restrooms”可知，如果增加了可使用的洗手间的明确指示，残障人士就能知道最适合自己的洗手间在哪里。故选A。 7. 句意：第二项建议在密歇根政府网站上添加无障碍厕所的明确指示，以便残疾人士知道最合适的厕所在哪里，并计划与家人一起旅行。A. pets宠物；B. teachers老师；C. families家人；D. fans粉丝。根据前文“plan trips”和最后一段中的“Zoey would also like to see more family restrooms and ____12____ maps so people know where to find them.”可知，当政府网站上有了可供残障人士使用的卫生间的明确指示后，残障人士也可以安排和家人们的出行了。故选C。 8. 句意：密歇根州伊萨卡市的母亲詹妮弗·哈里森在接受《早安美国》采访时表示，佐伊1岁时住在孤儿院，她就收养了她。A. abandoned抛弃；B. knew知道；C. blamed责备；D. adopted领养，收养。根据下文中的“when Zoey was a 1-year-old in an orphanage (孤儿院)”可知，Jennifer Harrison在Zoey一岁时收养了她。故选D。 9. 句意：哈里森说：“我对她感到非常惊讶”。A. disappointed失望的；B. amazed震惊的；C. puzzled迷惑的；D. excited兴奋的。根据下文中的“Disability doesn’t stop her from reaching her ____10____ to help a whole bunch of people”可知，残疾并没有阻止Zoey，因此她让Jennifer Harrison感到很惊讶。故选B。 10. 句意：残疾并没有阻止她实现帮助很多人的目标，她毫不害羞地说出来。A. goals目的；B. standards标准；C. stages舞台；D. agreements协议。根据下文“to help a whole bunch of people”可知，帮助很多人是Zoey的目标，而身体的残障没有阻止他去实现目标。故选A。 11. 句意：残疾并没有阻止她实现帮助很多人的目标，她毫不害羞地说出来。A. humor幽默；B. courage勇气；C. patience耐心；D. shyness害羞。根据前文“Disability doesn’t stop her from reaching her ____10____ to help a whole bunch of people”可知，残疾不能阻止Zoey帮助他人，她不会感到害羞且敢于说出自己的观点。故选D。 12. 句意：佐伊还想看到更多的家庭厕所，并制作地图，以便人们知道在哪里可以找到它们。A. sell卖；B. preserve保存；C. create创造；D. change改变。根据下文中的“so people know where to find them”可知，Zoey希望有更多的家庭式卫生间并创建地图以便人们可以找到这些厕所。故选C。 13. 句意：她希望参观游乐园、餐厅、商店，并检查公共设施。A. repair修复；B. destroy破坏；C. examine检查；D. touch触摸。根据下文中的“If they meet Zoey’s approval as well as that of the checklist’s under her proposed bills(如果它们能得到佐伊的认可，同时也能符合她所提议的法案中的各项标准要求)”可知，Zoey希望自己能参观游乐园、餐厅、商店并检查这些公共设施，看这些设备是否达到了她的认可程度。故选C。 14. 句意：如果它们得到了佐伊的赞同，以及她提议的法案下的清单，这些地方将获得官方的“赞同Z印章”。A. borrow借；B. purchase购买；C. refuse拒绝；D. receive收到。根据前文“If they meet Zoey’s approval as well as that of the checklist’s under her proposed bills”可知，凡是（设备）达标的地方都会收到官方的“Z批准”。故选D。 15. 句意：永远善良，乐于助人，无论发生什么，你都能有所作为。A. nervous紧张的；B. helpful乐于助人的；C. intelligent智慧的；D. handsome帅气的。根据上文中的“Always be kind”可知，总是要善良和乐于助人，无论如何，你都可以有所作为，这是Zoy给同龄人的建议。故选B。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $