预习14 Unit 4 Inventions重点语法讲解与练习【暑假预习】2026-2027学年沪教版八年级英语上册（广州卷）

【暑假预习】2026-2027学年沪教版八年级英语上册（广州卷） 预习14 Unit 4 Inventions重点语法讲解与练习 重点语法讲解 语法1：一般过去时的被动语态 结构 肯定：主语 + was/were + 过去分词 否定：主语 + was/were + not + 过去分词 疑问：Was/Were + 主语 + 过去分词？ ✅ was 单数主语；were 复数主语 例句：The telephone was invented by Bell. 语法2：情态动词的被动语态 结构：情态动词(can/may/must/should) + be + 过去分词 例句：The rules should be followed. 语法3：被动语态辨析（主动 vs 被动） 主动：人/物发出动作；被动：主语承受动作，常带 by 语法4：invent / invention / inventor 词形变化 invent v.发明；inventor n.发明者；invention n.发明物 重点语法专练 一、单项选择题 1. The wheel ____ thousands of years ago. A. invent B. invented C. was invented D. is invented 2. Paper ____ by Cai Lun in ancient China. A. was invented B. invented C. is invented D. invents 3. Many new things ____ every year now. A. invent B. are invented C. were invented D. invented 4. These machines ____ in 2010. A. make B. made C. were made D. are made 5. —Was the car ____ in Germany? —Yes, it was. A. produce B. produced C. producing D. produces 6. All homework ____ before six o’clock every day. A. must finish B. must be finished C. must finished D. is finish 7. This problem ____ quickly. A. can solve B. can be solved C. can solved D. is solve 8. A lot of trees ____ last spring. A. planted B. are planted C. were planted D. plant 9. The letter ____ by my father yesterday. A. wrote B. was written C. is written D. writes 10. Coffee ____ first ____ in Africa. A. is; grown B. was; grown C. are; grown D. were; grown 11. Keys ____ for opening doors. A. use B. uses C. are used D. were used 12. This story ____ by Lu Xun many years ago. A. write B. wrote C. was written D. is written 13. You ____ to take off your shoes here. A. ask B. are asked C. asked D. were ask 14. The first watch ____ nearly 700 years ago. A. creates B. created C. was created D. is created 15. —Can this bike ____? —Of course. A. repair B. be repaired C. repaired D. repairs 16. Great inventions ____ people’s lives easier. A. make B. are made C. were made D. makes 17. Rice ____ in the south of China. A. grows B. is grown C. grew D. was grown 18. Those photos ____ last Sunday. A. took B. taken C. were taken D. are taken 19. The classroom ____ every afternoon. A. cleans B. is cleaned C. was cleaned D. cleaned 20. The light bulb ____ by Edison. A. Invent B. invented C. was invented D. is invented 二、用所给词适当形式填空 1. The computer ____________ (invent) many years ago. 2. These toys ____________ (make) in Shanghai last year. 3. The room ____________ (clean) every day. 4. The letter ____________ (send) tomorrow.（拓展） 5. English ____________ (speak) all over the world. 6. This song ____________ (sing) by her yesterday evening. 7. All the rules ____________ (must follow). 8. The work ____________ (can finish) in two hours. 9. The bridge ____________ (build) in 2005. 10. Many books ____________ (keep) in our school library. 11. The first plane ____________ (fly) in 1903. 12. Tea ____________ (discover) by accident long ago. 13. Your homework ____________ (should hand) in on time. 14. The windows ____________ (break) by Tom just now. 15. Lots of flowers ____________ (plant) in our garden every spring. 16. The mobile phone ____________ (use) widely now. 17. A new hospital ____________ (set) up last month. 18. The answers ____________ (write) on the paper ten minutes ago. 19. This kind of machine ____________ (produce) in this factory. 20. The fire ____________ (put) out soon last night. 三、句型转换 1. People invented the paper in China.（改为被动语态） ______________________________________________________________ 2. They built the house in 2012.（改为被动语态） ______________________________________________________________ 3. We must clean our classroom every day.（改为被动语态） ______________________________________________________________ 4. The watch was made in Switzerland.（改为一般疑问句） ______________________________________________________________ 5. The bike was bought last week.（改为否定句） ______________________________________________________________ 6. Bell invented the telephone.（对划线提问） ______________________________________________________________ 7. People grow wheat in North China.（改为被动语态） ______________________________________________________________ 8. We can finish the work today.（改为被动语态） ______________________________________________________________ 9. Someone stole my bag yesterday.（改为被动语态） ______________________________________________________________ 10. This machine cleans the floor.（改为被动语态） ______________________________________________________________ 四、选词填空 invent, invent, be, call, use, make, help, create, start, change The wheel 1.______ one of the greatest inventions in history. It 2.______ thousands of years ago. Later, many new things 3.______ One useful invention 4.______ the car. It 5.______ by Karl Benz. Cars 6.______ to carry people everywhere. Now many small inventions 7.______ in our daily life. They 8.______ our life. Some inventions 9 .______"small smart tools". They 10.______ people solve different problems. 参考答案 一、单项选择 1.C 2.A 3.B 4.C 5.B 6.B 7.B 8.C 9.B 10.B 11.C 12.C 13.B 14.C 15.B 16.A 17.B 18.C 19.B 20.C 二、词形填空 1. was invented 2. were made 3. is cleaned 4. will be sent 5. is spoken 6. was sung 7. must be followed 8. can be finished 9. was built 10. are kept 11. flew 12. was discovered 13. should be handed 14. were broken 15. are planted 16. is used 17. was set 18. were written 19. is produced 20. was put 三、句型转换 1. Paper was invented by people in China. 2. The house was built by them in 2012. 3. Our classroom must be cleaned (by us) every day. 4. Was the watch made in Switzerland? 5. The bike wasn’t bought last week. 6. What was invented by Bell? 7. Wheat is grown by people in North China. 8. The work can be finished (by us) today. 9. My bag was stolen by someone yesterday. 10. The floor is cleaned by this machine. 四、选词填空 1. is 2. was invented 3. were created 4. is called 5. was made 6. are used 7. are invented 8. change 9. are called 10. help 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $