做高考真题，记高频单词DAY 10（议论文阅读）任务单-2027年高三英语一轮复习专项

该高中英语高考复习任务单聚焦议论文阅读高频词汇，整合真题再现、核心词汇、词形变换、选词填空等模块，构建“真题感知-词汇梳理-应用强化-巩固默写”的闭环考点体系。通过问题导向的任务设计，如选词填空、单词填空等，引导学生自主关联词汇与语境，形成结构化知识网络。 亮点在于自主诊断与分层巩固设计，开篇真题再现帮助学生定位薄弱词汇，词形变换和选词填空任务分层训练词汇应用，培养语言能力与学习能力。核心单词默写模块支持个性化查漏，教师可通过练习反馈精准指导，有效提升学生自主复习效率与备考实效。

高考高频单词 DAY 10（议论文阅读） 板块1 真题再现 （2018·全国二卷·高考真题） We’ve all been there: in a lift, in line at the bank or on an airplane, surrounded by people who are, like us, deeply focused on their smartphones or, worse, struggling with the uncomfortable silence. What’s the problem? It’s possible that we all have compromised conversational intelligence. It’s more likely that none of us start a conversation because it’s awkward and challenging, or we think it’s annoying and unnecessary. But the next time you find yourself among strangers, consider that small talk is worth the trouble. Experts say it’s an invaluable social practice that results in big benefits. Dismissing small talk as unimportant is easy, but we can’t forget that deep relationships wouldn’t even exist if it weren’t for casual conversation. Small talk is the grease(润滑剂) for social communication, says Bernardo Carducci, director of the Shyness Research Institute at Indiana University Southeast. ＂Almost every great love story and each big business deal begins with small talk,＂ he explains. ＂The key to successful small talk is learning how to connect with others, not just communicate with them.＂ In a 2014 study, Elizabeth Dunn, associate professor of psychology at UBC, invited people on their way into a coffee shop. One group was asked to seek out an interaction(互动) with its waiter; the other, to speak only when necessary. The results showed that those who chatted with their server reported significantly higher positive feelings and a better coffee shop experience. ＂It’s not that talking to the waiter is better than talking to your husband,＂ says Dunn. ＂But interactions with peripheral(边缘的) members of our social network matter for our well-being also.＂ Dunn believes that people who reach out to strangers feel a significantly greater sense of belonging, a bond with others. Carducci believes developing such a sense of belonging starts with small talk. ＂Small talk is the basis of good manners,＂ he says. 32. What phenomenon is described in the first paragraph? A. Addiction to smartphones. B. Inappropriate behaviours in public places. C. Absence of communication between strangers. D. Impatience with slow service. 33. What is important for successful small talk according to Carducci? A. Showing good manners. B. Relating to other people. C. Focusing on a topic. D. Making business deals. 34. What does the coffee-shop study suggest about small talk? A. It improves family relationships. B. It raises people’s confidence. C. It matters as much as a formal talk. D. It makes people feel good. 35. What is the best title for the text? A. Conversation Counts B. Ways of Making Small Talk C. Benefits of Small Talk D. Uncomfortable Silence 板块2 核心词汇（30个） 做高考真题，记高频单词 A genius is the person who repeats the most times! 1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 lift /lɪft/ n. 电梯 bank /bæŋk/ n. 银行 airplane /ˈeəpleɪn/ n. 飞机 surround /səˈraʊnd/ vt. 围绕，包围 focused /ˈfəʊkəst/ adj. 专注的，集中的 smartphone /ˈsmɑːtfəʊn/ n. 智能手机 struggle /ˈstrʌɡl/ vi. 挣扎，努力应对 uncomfortable /ʌnˈkʌmftəbl/ adj. 不舒服的，不自在的 silence /ˈsaɪləns/ n. 沉默，寂静 compromised /ˈkɒmprəmaɪzd/ adj. 受损的，减弱的 conversational /ˌkɒnvəˈseɪʃənl/ adj. 会话的，交谈的 intelligence /ɪnˈtelɪdʒəns/ n. 智力，智慧 likely /ˈlaɪkli/ adj. 可能的 start a conversation 开始交谈 awkward /ˈɔːkwəd/ adj. 尴尬的，笨拙的 challenging /ˈtʃælɪndʒɪŋ/ adj. 有挑战性的 annoying /əˈnɔɪɪŋ/ adj. 令人烦恼的 stranger /ˈstreɪndʒə(r)/ n. 陌生人 small talk 闲聊，寒暄 worth /wɜːθ/ adj. 值得的 invaluable /ɪnˈvæljuəbl/ adj. 极有价值的，无价的 result in 导致，产生 dismiss /dɪsˈmɪs/ vt. 不予理会，摒弃 exist /ɪɡˈzɪst/ vi. 存在 casual /ˈkæʒuəl/ adj. 随意的，非正式的 grease /ɡriːs/ n. 润滑剂（引申为"促进因素"） director /dəˈrektə(r)/ n. 主任，主管 seek out 找出，寻求 interaction /ˌɪntərˈækʃn/ n. 互动，交流 matter /ˈmætə(r)/ vi. 重要，有关系 板块3 词形变换 1. surround /səˈraʊnd/ vt. 围绕 —— surrounding /səˈraʊndɪŋ/ adj. 周围的 —— surroundings /səˈraʊndɪŋz/ n. 环境 2. focus /ˈfəʊkəs/ vt. 集中 —— focused /ˈfəʊkəst/ adj. 专注的 —— focusing /ˈfəʊkəsɪŋ/ n. 聚焦 3. comfort /ˈkʌmfət/ n. 舒适 —— comfortable /ˈkʌmftəbl/ adj. 舒适的 —— uncomfortable /ʌnˈkʌmftəbl/ adj. 不舒服的 4. silent /ˈsaɪlənt/ adj. 沉默的 —— silence /ˈsaɪləns/ n. 沉默 5. converse /kənˈvɜːs/ vi. 交谈 —— conversation /ˌkɒnvəˈseɪʃn/ n. 交谈 —— conversational /ˌkɒnvəˈseɪʃənl/ adj. 会话的 6. intelligent /ɪnˈtelɪdʒənt/ adj. 聪明的 —— intelligence /ɪnˈtelɪdʒəns/ n. 智力 7. likely /ˈlaɪkli/ adj. 可能的 —— likelihood /ˈlaɪklihʊd/ n. 可能性 8. strange /streɪndʒ/ adj. 奇怪的 —— stranger /ˈstreɪndʒə(r)/ n. 陌生人 9. value /ˈvæljuː/ n. 价值 —— valuable /ˈvæljuəbl/ adj. 有价值的 —— invaluable /ɪnˈvæljuəbl/ adj. 无价的 10. exist /ɪɡˈzɪst/ vi. 存在 —— existence /ɪɡˈzɪstəns/ n. 存在 —— existing /ɪɡˈzɪstɪŋ/ adj. 现有的 11. direct /dəˈrekt/ vt. 指导 —— director /dəˈrektə(r)/ n. 主任 —— direction /dəˈrekʃn/ n. 方向 12. interact /ˌɪntərˈækt/ vi. 互动 —— interaction /ˌɪntərˈækʃn/ n. 互动 —— interactive /ˌɪntərˈæktɪv/ adj. 互动的 板块4 选词填空 第一组（用所给词汇的正确形式填空，每词限用一次） lift bank airplane surround focused smartphone struggle uncomfortable silence compromised 1. In the crowded ________, everyone was looking down at their phones. 2. The ________ in the room was so awkward that nobody dared to speak. 3. She felt ________ sitting between two strangers on the bus. 4. The students ________ to understand the difficult concept in class. 5. Many people spend too much time on their ________ every day. 6. The classroom is ________ by tall trees that provide shade. 7. He remained ________ on his work despite the noise around him. 8. The long ________ made her feel very anxious and uneasy. 9. Our ________ conversational skills made it hard to start a talk with strangers. 10. The ________ was delayed due to bad weather, so passengers had to wait. 第二组（用所给词汇的正确形式填空，每词限用一次） likely awkward challenging annoying stranger small talk worth invaluable result in dismiss 11. Many people ________ small talk as unimportant, but it actually has great value. 12. It is ________ that people avoid talking to strangers because it feels ________. 13. The task of starting a conversation with a ________ can be very ________. 14. Good communication skills are ________ for both personal and professional success. 15. ________ may seem unnecessary, but it can ________ meaningful connections. 16. She found the constant noise from the construction site extremely ________. 17. The training program is ________ the time and effort because it improves your skills. 18. His ability to connect with others is an ________ asset in his career. 19. It is more ________ that we feel nervous when meeting new people. 20. Engaging in casual conversation can ________ a sense of belonging. 板块5 单词填空 类型一：单句语法填空（用括号内所给词的正确形式填空） 1. People who are deeply ________ (focus) on their phones often ignore those around them. 2. The ________ (silent) between the two passengers made the journey uncomfortable. 3. Small talk is the ________ (grease) for social communication, according to the expert. 4. The study ________ (invite) people on their way into a coffee shop to participate. 5. Those who chatted with the waiter reported ________ (significant) higher positive feelings. 6. Interactions with peripheral members of our social network ________ (matter) for our well-being. 7. Developing a sense of ________ (belong) starts with small talk. 8. Small talk is the basis of good ________ (manner). 9. The ________ (direct) of the institute believes that small talk is invaluable. 10. People who reach out to strangers feel a ________ (great) sense of belonging. 类型二：首字母单词拼写（根据首字母及句意补全单词） 11. In a lift or on an airplane, we are s________ by people we don't know. 12. Many people find it a________ to start a conversation with strangers. 13. Small talk is w________ the trouble because it brings big benefits. 14. The r________ of the study showed that chatting made people feel better. 15. Small talk helps us c________ with others on a deeper level. 16. The key to successful small talk is not just to c________ but to connect. 17. People who reach out to strangers feel a greater sense of b________. 18. Carducci believes developing such a sense of belonging s________ with small talk. 19. Almost every great love story b________ with small talk. 20. The study suggests that small talk makes people feel g________. 板块6 语篇翻译（英译汉，核心单词或短语用黑体标出） Passage A We've all been there: in a lift, in line at the bank or on an airplane, surrounded by people who are, like us, deeply focused on their smartphones or, worse, struggling with the uncomfortable silence. It's more likely that none of us start a conversation because it's awkward and challenging, or we think it's annoying and unnecessary. Passage B Dismissing small talk as unimportant is easy, but we can't forget that deep relationships wouldn't even exist if it weren't for casual conversation. Small talk is the grease for social communication, says Bernardo Carducci, director of the Shyness Research Institute. "The key to successful small talk is learning how to connect with others, not just communicate with them." Passage C In a 2014 study, Elizabeth Dunn, associate professor of psychology at UBC, invited people on their way into a coffee shop. One group was asked to seek out an interaction with its waiter; the other, to speak only when necessary. The results showed that those who chatted with their server reported significantly higher positive feelings and a better coffee shop experience. 板块7 参考译文 我们都经历过这样的场景：在电梯里、在银行排队或在飞机上，被和我们一样深深专注于智能手机的人包围着，或者更糟，与令人不自在的沉默作斗争。 问题出在哪里？可能我们所有人的会话智力都受到了损害。更可能的是，我们没有人主动开始对话，因为这会很尴尬和具有挑战性，或者我们认为这很烦人且没有必要。但下次当你身处陌生人中时，请考虑一下闲聊是值得费点心思的。专家说，这是一种极有价值的社交实践，会带来巨大的好处。 把闲聊视为不重要而摒弃是很容易的，但我们不能忘记，如果没有随意的交谈，深厚的关系甚至不会存在。印第安纳大学东南分校害羞研究所所长贝尔纳多·卡杜奇说，闲聊是社交沟通的润滑剂。"几乎每一个伟大的爱情故事和每一笔大的商业交易都始于闲聊，"他解释道。"成功闲聊的关键是学会如何与他人建立联系，而不仅仅是与他们交流。" 在2014年的一项研究中，不列颠哥伦比亚大学心理学副教授伊丽莎白·邓恩邀请了正在前往咖啡店的人们参与。一组被要求主动与服务生互动；另一组则只在必要时说话。结果显示，与服务生聊天的人报告了显著更高的积极情绪和更好的咖啡店体验。"并不是说和服务生说话比和你丈夫说话更好，"邓恩说。"但与社交网络边缘成员的互动对我们的幸福也很重要。" 邓恩相信，主动接触陌生人的人会感到更强烈的归属感和与他人的联系。卡杜奇认为，培养这种归属感始于闲聊。"闲聊是良好礼仪的基础，"他说。 板块8 核心单词默写 lift ________ bank ________ airplane ________ surround ________ focused ________ smartphone ________ struggle ________ uncomfortable ________ silence ________ compromised ________ conversational ________ intelligence ________ likely ________ start a conversation ________ awkward ________ challenging ________ annoying ________ stranger ________ small talk ________ worth ________ invaluable ________ result in ________ dismiss ________ exist ________ casual ________ grease ________ director ________ seek out ________ interaction ________ matter ________ 【参考答案】 板块1 真题再现 答案 32．C　33．B　34．D　35．C 【导语】本文是一篇议论文，主要论述了闲谈在人际交往中的好处及重要性。 【32题详解】C 推理判断题 文章首段提到公共场合中，在周围都是人的情况下，人们只是专注地盯着自己的手机，甚或苦苦挣扎于令人不自在的沉默中。从中可以推断出文章首段描述了陌生人之间缺少交流的这样一个现象。 【33题详解】B 事实细节题 根据第三段 Carducci 所说的话 The key to successful small talk is learning how to connect with others, not just communicate with them可知，他认为与他人建立良好关系才是成功闲谈的关键。 【34题详解】D 事实细节题 跟据第四段的 The results showed that those who chatted with their server reported significantly higher positive feelings ...以及 But interactions with peripheral members of our social network matter for our well-being also可知，闲谈会使人感觉良好。 【35题详解】C 主旨大意题 文章第二段便提出论点：Experts say it's an invaluable social practice that results in big benefits，接下来便通过引用专家的言论以及实验结果来证明闲谈的益处及重要性，所以文章的主旨是"闲谈的益处"。 板块4 选词填空 答案 第一组： 1. lift 2. silence 3. uncomfortable 4. struggled 5. smartphone 6. surrounded 7. focused 8. silence 9. compromised 10. airplane 第二组： 11. dismiss 12. likely...awkward 13. stranger...challenging 14. invaluable 15. Small talk...result in 16. annoying 17. worth 18. invaluable 19. likely 20. result in 板块5 单词填空 答案 类型一（单句语法填空）： 1. focused 2. silence 3. grease 4. invited 5. significantly 6. matter 7. belonging 8. manners 9. director 10. greater 类型二（首字母单词拼写）： 11. surrounded 12. awkward 13. worth 14. results 15. connect 16. communicate 17. belonging 18. starts 19. begins 20. good 板块6 语篇翻译 答案 Passage A： 我们都经历过这样的场景：在电梯里、在银行排队或在飞机上，被和我们一样深深专注于智能手机的人包围着，或者更糟，与令人不自在的沉默作挣扎。更可能的是，我们没有人开始 交谈，因为这会很尴尬和具有挑战性，或者我们认为这很烦人且没有必要。 Passage B： 把闲聊视为不重要而摒弃是容易的，但我们不能忘记，如果没有随意的 交谈，深厚的 关系甚至不会存在。印第安纳大学东南分校害羞研究所所长贝尔纳多·卡杜奇说，闲聊是社交沟通的润滑剂。"成功闲聊的关键是学会如何与他人建立联系，而不仅仅是与他们交流。" Passage C： 在2014年的一项研究中，不列颠哥伦比亚大学心理学 副 教授伊丽莎白·邓恩邀请了正在前往咖啡店的人们。一组被要求 主动寻求与服务生的互动；另一组则只在必要时说话。结果显示，与服务生 聊天的人报告了显著更高的积极 情绪和更好的咖啡店体验。 板块8 核心单词默写 答案 1. 电梯 2. 银行 3. 飞机 4. 围绕，包围 5. 专注的，集中的 6. 智能手机 7. 挣扎，努力应对 8. 不舒服的，不自在的 9. 沉默，寂静 10. 受损的，减弱的 11. 会话的，交谈的 12. 智力，智慧 13. 可能的 14. 开始交谈 15. 尴尬的，笨拙的 16. 有挑战性的 17. 令人烦恼的 18. 陌生人 19. 闲聊，寒暄 20. 值得的 21. 极有价值的，无价的 22. 导致，产生 23. 不予理会，摒弃 24. 存在 25. 随意的，非正式的 26. 润滑剂（引申为"促进因素"） 27. 主任，主管 28. 找出，寻求 29. 互动，交流 30. 重要，有关系 $