Unit 8 Pets and us 讲义2026-2027学年沪教版八年级英语上册

该初中英语Unit 8 Pets and us讲义通过表格结构化梳理核心知识体系，将名词、动词、形副连词等词汇按“单词-音标-词性-释义-搭配及易错点”维度呈现，用列表归纳单元重点短语，分模块解析让步状语从句、否定推测句型等语法点，清晰展现知识脉络与重难点联系。 讲义亮点在于分层练习设计，从词汇、语法针对性练习到综合测试（单选、语法填空、完形等），覆盖语言技能全维度，助力提升语言能力。通过标注“必考易错点”（如though不与but连用）引导学生分析归纳，培养思维品质。配套答案及写作范文，支持学生自主复习，也为教师实施精准分层教学提供实用资源。

Unit 8 Pets and us 讲义 （一）核心名词 单词 音标 词性 课本释义 课本搭配 + 必考易错点 pet /pet/ n. 宠物 🔹 搭配：keep a pet 养宠物、pet lover 宠物爱好者 🔹 复数：pets 🔹 拓展：可作v. 抚摸 litter /ˈlɪtə(r)/ n. 垃圾；废弃物 🔹 搭配：pick up litter 捡垃圾、no litter 禁止乱扔垃圾 🔹 不可数名词 🔹 单元阅读核心词 cage /keɪdʒ/ n. 笼子 🔹 搭配：in a cage 在笼子里、bird cage 鸟笼 🔹 复数：cages 🔹 宠物生活场景高频词 bowl /bəʊl/ n. 碗；盆 🔹 搭配：a food bowl 食盆、a water bowl 水盆 🔹 复数：bowls toy /tɔɪ/ n. 玩具 🔹 搭配：pet toys 宠物玩具、play with toys 玩玩具 🔹 复数：toys wealth /welθ/ n. 财富；钱财 🔹 搭配：a symbol of wealth 财富的象征 🔹 不可数名词 🔹 衍生词：wealthy adj. 富有的 memory /ˈmeməri/ n. 记忆；回忆 🔹 复数：memories 🔹 搭配：sweet memories 美好回忆 🔹 新旧单元衔接考点 名词针对性练习（5 题·课本原考点） 1. We should not throw ________ (litter) everywhere to protect the environment. 2. The little bird is kept in a small ________ (cage). 3. My pet dog has two new ________ (bowl) for food and water. 4. Many kids like playing with different kinds of ________ (toy). 5. In the past, pets were a symbol of ________ (wealth). （二）核心动词 单词 音标 词性 课本释义 课本搭配 + 必考易错点 attack /əˈtæk/ v. 袭击；攻击 🔹 搭配：attack strangers 攻击陌生人 🔹 无不规则变形 🔹 阅读高频考点动词 hold /həʊld/ v. 抱着；拿着 🔹 不规则变形：hold-held-held 🔹 搭配：hold sth in arms 抱着某物 🔹 句型转换必考词 walk /wɔːk/ v. 遛（狗）；散步 🔹 搭配：walk the dog 遛狗 🔹 固定宠物场景搭配，写作高频 brush /brʌʃ/ v. 刷洗；刷 🔹 搭配：brush the pet’s fur 刷宠物毛发 🔹 三单：brushes（sh/ch结尾加es） complain /kəmˈpleɪn/ v. 抱怨；发牢骚 🔹 必考搭配：complain about sth. 抱怨某事 🔹 衍生词：complaint n. 抱怨 lie /laɪ/ v. 躺；位于 🔹 变形辨析：lie-lay-lain 躺 🔹 搭配：lie around 懒散度日 🔹 单元超级易错考点 feed /fiːd/ v. 喂养；饲养 🔹 变形：feed-fed-fed 🔹 搭配：feed on 以……为食、feed pets 喂宠物 动词针对性练习（5 题·课本原考点） 1. Dogs seldom ________ (attack) people if we are kind to them. 2. She ________ (hold) her little cat in her arms just now. 3. I ________ (walk) my dog in the park every evening. 4. Don’t always ________ (complain) about your pet’s bad habits. 5. The cat likes ________ (lie) on the sofa and relax itself. （三）形副连词 单词 音标 词性 课本释义 课本搭配 + 必考易错点 faithful /ˈfeɪθfl/ adj. 忠实的；忠诚的 🔹 必考搭配：be faithful to 对……忠诚 🔹 副词：faithfully 忠诚地 🔹 描述宠物核心形容词 responsible /rɪˈspɒnsəbl/ adj. 负责的；有责任心的 🔹 必考搭配：be responsible for 对……负责 🔹 养宠物主题写作高分词 unlikely /ʌnˈlaɪkli/ adj. 不大可能的 🔹 搭配：be unlikely to do 不大可能做某事 🔹 反义词：likely 可能的 🔹 单选、句型转换高频考点 magical /ˈmædʒɪkl/ adj. 有魔力的；神奇的 🔹 搭配：magical powers 魔力 🔹 词根：magic n. 魔法 indoors /ˌɪnˈdɔːz/ adv. 在室内；在屋内 🔹 反义词：outdoors 在户外 🔹 位置修饰动词，语法填空常考 though /ðəʊ/ conj. 虽然；尽管 🔹 单元核心语法：让步状语从句 🔹 绝对易错：though/although 不与 but 连用 形副连词针对性练习（5 题·课本原考点） 1. Dogs are ________ (faith) friends of human beings. 2. We should be ________ (responsibility) for our own pets. 3. It is ________ (likely) for cats to bark at people. 4. We usually keep small pets ________ (indoors) in cold winter. 5. ________ keeping pets takes time, it brings us much happiness. （四）单元重点短语 英文短语 中文释义 课本考点备注 keep a pet 养宠物 单元主题核心短语 take care of 照顾；照料 必考替换=look after complain about 抱怨…… 单选、语法填空高频 lie around 懒散度日；无所事事 课本原句短语 run free 四处自由走动 描述宠物状态专用 be faithful to 对……忠诚 写作描写宠物万能短语 be responsible for 对……负责 养宠物观点类写作必用 walk the dog 遛狗 固定生活场景搭配 feed on 以……为食 动物习性阅读考点 a symbol of wealth 财富的象征 课本文化知识点 短语针对性练习（5 题·课本语境） 1. Many young people like _______________ (养宠物) in their free time. 2. We must _______________ (照顾) our pets carefully every day. 3. Don’t _______________ (抱怨) small problems in life. 4. Dogs always _______________ (对人类忠诚). 5. Everyone should _______________ (对……负责) their own pets. 五、课本核心语法点 语法点 1：though/although 引导让步状语从句（单元核心语法） （1）核心用法 1. 含义：虽然、尽管，引导让步状语从句 2. 黄金规则：though/although 与 but 绝对不能连用 3. 句式：Though + 从句，主句 4. 同义转换：可与 but 句型互换（二选一） （2）课本原句例句 1. Though keeping pets takes time, it is meaningful. 2. Although pets are small, they can bring us joy. 语法点1 针对性练习（5题） 1. ________ the dog is big, it is very gentle. 2. Though he is tired, ________ he still walks his dog every day.（不填/but） 3. ________ raising pets is not easy, I love it. 4. Although it rains heavily, we ________ (still) take care of our outdoor pets. 5. Though cats are quiet, they ________ (have) lovely personalities. 语法点 2：be unlikely to do sth. 否定推测句型 （1）核心用法 1. 结构：主语 + be unlikely to do sth. 某人/某物不大可能做某事 2. 同义句：It is unlikely that + 从句 3. 反义词组：be likely to do sth. 有可能做某事 语法点2 针对性练习（5题） 1. Cats ________ (be unlikely to) bark at people. 2. It is unlikely that he ________ (hate) his pet dog. 3. Dogs are unlikely ________ (leave) their owners easily. 4. It is ________ (likely) for shy pets to make loud noises. 5. This kind of pet is unlikely ________ (attack) strangers. 语法点 3：单元高频固定句型 核心句型 中文释义 考点提示 be responsible for sth. 对某事负责 介词for固定，不可替换 be faithful to sb./sth. 对……忠诚 介词to必考易错点 complain about doing sth. 抱怨做某事 about后接动名词 be unlikely to do sth. 不大可能做某事 中考高频句型转换 It takes time to do sth. 做某事花费时间 养宠物写作万能句型 句型针对性练习（5题） 1. We should be responsible ________ our pets. 2. Dogs are faithful ________ their owners. 3. He always complains ________ getting up early to walk the dog. 4. It takes time ________ (train) a smart pet. 5. Pets are unlikely ________ (hurt) their kind owners. 六、单元综合测试题 （一）单项选择（10题·全课本考点） 1. We should be ________ for our pets if we keep them. A. responsible B. careful C. helpful D. useful 2. Dogs are always faithful ________ their owners. A. for B. to C. with D. at 3. ________ it takes time to keep pets, many people love keeping them. A. But B. So C. Though D. Because 4. Cats are unlikely ________ loud noises in daily life. A. make B. to make C. making D. made 5. Don’t always complain ________ small things in life. A. about B. for C. with D. to 6. My grandpa likes ________ his dog in the park every morning. A. walking B. walk C. walking with D. walk with 7. Pets were seen as a ________ of wealth in ancient times. A. symbol B. sign C. mark D. shape 8. The little cat likes to ________ around on the sofa after meals. A. lie B. lay C. lying D. laying 9. We must take good care ________ our pet animals. A. of B. for C. with D. at 10. Well-trained dogs will not ________ people easily. A. attack B. hate C. like D. greet （二）语法填空（10空·纯单元考点） Keeping pets is popular nowadays. Many families keep different kinds of 1. ________ (pet) at home. Dogs are 2. ________ (faith) to people and they are easy to train. Cats are gentle and quiet, and they are unlikely 3. ________ (make) loud noises. However, keeping pets 4. ________ (need) time and patience. We should be 5. ________ (responsibility) for our pets. We need to feed them, walk them and clean their 6. ________ (bowl) every day. Don’t complain 7. ________ the hard work. Though it is tiring, it brings us sweet 8. ________ (memory). Pets are our best friends. They never 9. ________ (attack) their kind owners. It is meaningful 10. ________ (look) after pets carefully. （三）完形填空（10题·单元主题） Pets are important friends in our life. Different pets have different habits. Dogs are 1. ________ (faith) and active. They like running free outdoors and walking with their 2. ________ (owner). Cats are gentle and shy. They prefer 3. ________ (stay) indoors and lying around quietly. If you decide to keep a pet, you must be responsible 4. ________ it. You need 5. ________ (feed) it on time, clean its living place and play with it. Never complain 6. ________ the trouble of keeping pets. Though keeping pets takes much time, it is never a bad 7. ________ (choose). Pets are unlikely 8. ________ (hurt) us if we treat them well. They can bring us lots of joy and sweet memories. They are 9. ________ (magical) friends in our daily life. We should always be kind 10. ________ our pets. 1. A. faithful B. faith C. faithfully D. faithless 2. A. owner B. owners C. owner’s D. owners’ 3. A. stay B. to stay C. staying D. stayed 4. A. for B. to C. with D. at 5. A. feed B. to feed C. feeding D. fed 6. A. about B. for C. with D. to 7. A. choose B. choice C. choosing D. chose 8. A. hurt B. to hurt C. hurting D. hurted 9. A. magic B. magical C. magically D. magics 10. A. for B. to C. with D. at （四）阅读理解（2篇·课本主题） Passage 1 Many people love keeping pets. Pets are our best friends. Dogs are faithful to their owners. They can help people do many things. Cats are quiet and cute. They are unlikely to make loud noises indoors. However, keeping pets is not easy. It takes time and energy. We need to be responsible for our pets. We have to feed them, walk them and clean their living places on time. Some people complain about the trouble, but most people think it is meaningful. Pets bring us lots of happiness and sweet memories. They make our life more colorful. 1. What kind of pets are faithful to people? A. Cats B. Dogs C. Birds 2. Why do many people like cats? A. They are noisy B. They are quiet and cute C. They can help people work 3. Which of the following is TRUE? A. Keeping pets needs no time B. We needn’t look after pets carefully C. Pets can bring us happiness Passage 2 In the past, people kept pets as a symbol of wealth. But now, pets are our close friends. Most pets are gentle and they will not attack people easily. If you want to keep a pet, you must know how to take care of it. You should not keep it in a small cage all day. Let it run free sometimes. Don’t always complain about looking after pets. Though it is tiring, you can get lots of fun from it. We should be kind and responsible to every pet around us. 1. What did pets stand for in the past? A. Happiness B. Wealth C. Friendship 2. What should we do for our pets? A. Keep them in cages all day B. Take good care of them C. Complain about them often 3. From the passage, we know ________. A. Pets are our close friends B. Pets often attack people C. Keeping pets is very easy （五）句子翻译（6题·带标准答题横线） 1. 养狗能给我们带来很多快乐。 ________________________________________________ 2. 我们应该对自己的宠物负责。 ________________________________________________ 3. 虽然养宠物很麻烦，但是它很有意义。 ________________________________________________ 4. 猫不大可能对人发出吵闹的叫声。 ________________________________________________ 5. 狗狗对主人非常忠诚。 ________________________________________________ 6. 不要抱怨照顾宠物的辛苦。 ________________________________________________ （六）写作表达（1题·单元真题主题） 题目：My Views on Keeping Pets 要求：1. 阐述养宠物的好处；2. 说明养宠物需要承担的责任；3. 80词左右，使用本单元词汇与句型，语句通顺、无语法错误。 全套习题参考答案 名词针对性练习答案 1. litter 2. cage 3. bowls 4. toys 5. wealth 动词针对性练习答案 1. attack 2. held 3. walk 4. complain 5. lying 形副连词针对性练习答案 1. faithful 2. responsible 3. unlikely 4. indoors 5. Though/Although 短语针对性练习答案 1. keeping a pet 2. take care of 3. complain about 4. are faithful to humans 5. be responsible for 语法点1针对性练习答案 1. Though/Although 2. 不填 3. Though/Although 4. still 5. have 语法点2针对性练习答案 1. are unlikely to 2. hates 3. to leave 4. unlikely 5. to attack 句型针对性练习答案 1. for 2. to 3. about 4. to train 5. to hurt 单项选择答案 1.A 2.B 3.C 4.B 5.A 6.A 7.A 8.C 9.A 10.A 语法填空答案 1. pets 2. faithful 3. to make 4. needs 5. responsible 6. bowls 7. about 8. memories 9. attack 10. to look 完形填空答案 1.A 2.B 3.C 4.A 5.B 6.A 7.B 8.B 9.B 10.B 阅读理解答案 Passage1：1.B 2.B 3.C Passage2：1.B 2.B 3.A 句子翻译参考答案 1. Keeping dogs can bring us a lot of happiness. 2. We should be responsible for our pets. 3. Though keeping pets is tiring, it is very meaningful. 4. Cats are unlikely to make loud noises. 5. Dogs are very faithful to their owners. 6. Don’t complain about the trouble of looking after pets. 写作参考范文 My Views on Keeping Pets Nowadays, many people like keeping pets. Pets are our faithful friends. They can bring us lots of happiness and sweet memories and make our life colorful. However, keeping pets is not an easy job. We must be responsible for our pets. We need to feed them on time, walk them and take good care of them. Though it takes time, it is very meaningful. In my opinion, if we decide to keep a pet, we should love it and look after it carefully all the time. ( 1 ) 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $